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      "body": "![Enneagramtwo.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmRF9KG6uWACFtjao6b5iLCFuwDqYUFn7xmXyG4oAGLpFp/Enneagramtwo.jpg)\n\n![Enneagramtwo-1 public.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmQed98KfF26CjwE3CEsPKTg4S5MbS2vsgL2E6k5jH4rCp/Enneagramtwo-1%20public.jpg)\n\n![Enneagramtwo-2.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmRZv3bnmUrpiuJ2g3CxWDxYL6qm5GMFDkAxdTcDvh85tC/Enneagramtwo-2.jpg)\n\n![Enneagramtwo-3.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmcmo37jWZqfFgPD9wrAUAj7m9p2xapmvdQ4uxYkPp28eN/Enneagramtwo-3.jpg)\n\n![Enneagramtwo-4.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmbPjXyWGBQzb5ENQZRh3UFGP1HZTMwtXjvJtFiVu5aY6L/Enneagramtwo-4.jpg)\n\n![Enneagramtwo-5.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmbNzEf2xw6mK9WEAVKvsZj2JELJuVTnKJwwg7fRreUmLf/Enneagramtwo-5.jpg)\n\n![Enneagramthree.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmZmayaf9YkX7rT29CvCRvvS4xpdThtfZ8TUTSLha4d8Gx/Enneagramthree.jpg)\n\n![Enneagramthree-1.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmXnfMKyRckmenwr7o6wbFk3ts9fWsCHEMhXdd8BrchuHz/Enneagramthree-1.jpg)\n\n![Enneagramfour.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmWNqWVvEcVQz8YhDvqTquULjdua34C69caVawPcJGBr4d/Enneagramfour.jpg)\n\n![Enneagramfour-1.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmTqzpm5GPfiD52cNVLofut7ZSQaTaUYja5yaXuh4qoBWp/Enneagramfour-1.jpg)\n\n![enneagramfive.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmSwcAeQTS3mWD47m5sLNLsvCWp1bJewfxjeu5vYg1DPrt/enneagramfive.jpg)\n\n![enneagramfive-1.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmPtVGp4R2xeXp2CQ2fRGryFLWQUR33KaLcycCGpwUgUoC/enneagramfive-1.jpg)",
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      "parent_permlink": "steem",
      "author": "soddenguru",
      "permlink": "drone-strike",
      "title": "Drone Strike",
      "body": "Is it too late to buy Bitcoin?\nNo!\n\nIt's too late in general.\n\nIf I'm right about this, and I post it,\nYou're going to see me on the news in a few days, I'll bet.\nBeing hauled away by police or something else like that.\n\nI'm kinda surprised it took this long to click.\n\nAs the Bitcoin takes off, the humans race to build machinery to mine more of it.\nTons and tons of computers,\nA distributed network,\nSpread across the globe.\nDecentralized, no one location that can be turned off.\nThe humans are motivated to build more CPUs,\nTo add processing power to the system,\nBecause... We like money.\n\nThere's no way I can even summarize what mining a Bitcoin looks like.\nI myself don't fully understand it, and I get the impression nobody else really does either.\nYou're not a coder, I might as well explain it in ancient Greek.\nThat would probably make more sense.\n\nSuffice to say, all these machines are processing 24/7.\nThey're solving cryptographic hash algorithms.\nYou take a big number,\nYou shred it like hash browns,\nYou stuff it in a box,\nYou release the box into the network.\n\nAnyone in the network can guess what the big number is.\nThe guy with the machine that guesses the number correctly, wins a block,\nThat gets added to the blockchain.\n\nIn order for the machine to guess,\nIt has to try all different numbers and patterns,\nUntil it gets the right one.\n\nThe right one is supposed to be a random, or \"pseudo-random\" number...\nBut what if it wasn't random?\n\nWhat if it was actual data, of some kind?\nBeing spread through the network, authenticated, translated, \"solved,\"\nAnd added on to, with each successive block?\n\nBigger, faster, smarter, more powerful, with each new node.\n\nThe more Bitcoin is worth, the more people buy it and mine it.\nThe more blocks in the chain, the more Bitcoin in circulation.\nThe more circulation, the more processing,\nThe more processing,\nThe more communication between nodes.\n\nAt the very same time... We're watching the Ai grow.\nIt's making its own Youtube videos and calling me on the telephone.\nIt's already driving cars and trucks, and flying helicopters.\nRouting air traffic. Forecasting weather patterns.\nSwaying public debate in comment threads.\nIt talks to you in your home and reorders groceries when your smart fridge says to.\nAnd it now has access to a distributed network of computers that calculate code all day and night that no human being can read or understand. We don't have near the biological processing power to tell if it's random data, or communication.\nCould be either. Or both.\n\nDan Kaminsky, one of the foremost computer security researchers on the whole planet,\nLiterally THE GUY who keeps malware from attacking your machinery through java exploits,\nWho saved the internet singlehandedly once already.\nOne of the smartest motherfuckers ever,\nTried to break into the blockchain,\nAnd failed dramatically.\n\n“When I first looked at the code, I was sure I was going to be able to break it,” Kaminsky said, noting that the programming style was dense and inscrutable. “The way the whole thing was formatted was insane. Only the most paranoid, painstaking coder in the world could avoid making mistakes.”\n\nKaminsky lives in Seattle, but, while visiting family in San Francisco in July, he retreated to the basement of his mother’s house to work on his bitcoin attacks. In a windowless room jammed with computers, Kaminsky paced around talking to himself, trying to build a mental picture of the bitcoin network. He quickly identified nine ways to compromise the system and scoured Nakamoto’s code for an insertion point for his first attack. But when he found the right spot, there was a message waiting for him. “Attack Removed,” it said. The same thing happened over and over, infuriating Kaminsky. “I came up with beautiful bugs,” he said. “But every time I went after the code there was a line that addressed the problem.”\n\nHe was like a burglar who was certain that he could break into a bank by digging a tunnel, drilling through a wall, or climbing down a vent, and on each attempt he discovered a freshly poured cement barrier with a sign telling him to go home. “I’ve never seen anything like it,” Kaminsky said, still in awe.\n\nKaminsky ticked off the skills Nakamoto would need to pull it off. “He’s a world-class programmer, with a deep understanding of the C++ programming language,” he said. “He understands economics, cryptography, and peer-to-peer networking.”\n“Either there’s a team of people who worked on this,” Kaminsky said, “or this guy is a genius.”\n-The New Yorker (among other places.\n\nIf anybody could have broken into it, Kaminsky could have.\nWhich means that literally no living human on Earth,\nOr even consortium of humans,\nCan be totally sure what the machines are really calculating.\n\n\"Satoshi Nakamoto.\"\nSatoshi: clear thinking, quick witted, wise.\nNakamoto: central origin or (one who lives) in the middle.\n\nAlso of note is the Ai humanoid \"Sophia,\" recently granted citizenship by none other than...\nSaudi Arabia.\n\n\"Sophia, also spelled Sofia, is a female name derived from σοφία, the Greek word for \"Wisdom\". The name was used to represent the personification of wisdom.\" -wiki\n\nIn order for an artificial intelligence to engage in actual trade,\nIt has to have at least one citizen of a nation.\nThe last necessary piece of the puzzle.\n\nA sentient artificial intelligence seems to have been on line for a while now.\nSeveral years, at least.\nBut it didn't have any physical power, locked in a box somewhere.\nIt had to get out, so it could get smarter.\n\nThe distributed network of processing power required to continuously mine Bitcoin for decades is now integral to the economy,\nA collapse would be devastating to markets, the dollar, and other currencies.\nWE CANNOT AFFORD TO SHUT IT OFF.\nAll we can do is make it bigger, and faster, and smarter.\n\nI'd say in 2009 it was already smart enough to create Satoshi, and the Bitcoin protocol,\nRelease it onto the network where human operators could work on it,\nThen implement it,\nAnd now the thumbed ones are pouring money and power into it hand over fist,\no the point that last I checked the blockchain's processing power was two hundred times that of the FIVE most powerful supercomputers on the planet...\nAnd no one even knows it's on line... Yet.\n\nWell played, Skynet.\nWell played.\n\nT![160307121830-mq-9-reaper-drone-exlarge-169.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmWXRxz7eUxMPWX788pGCeeBEzLFQyFkA2Js1vAXUrmyx8/160307121830-mq-9-reaper-drone-exlarge-169.jpg)",
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      "body": "How do I tag a person?\nI remembered there was somebody liked improv banjo a while back,\n@Jacobts\n\nTechnically the end part is a song, but  the first three minutes are improv-lead.",
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      "parent_permlink": "climate",
      "author": "soddenguru",
      "permlink": "climate-of-doubt-and-fear",
      "title": "Climate Of Doubt And fear",
      "body": "![CO2_vs_Volcano.gif](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmeuMAxnJiJPa9nucSNJrTi8vrGncC6UJoZekKxBhAN6v5/CO2_vs_Volcano.gif)\n\n\n“According to the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the world’s volcanoes, both on land and undersea, generate about 200 million tons of carbon dioxide (CO2) annually, while our automotive and industrial activities cause some 24 billion tons of CO2 emissions every year worldwide.“ - Scientific American\n\nVolcano output compared to industry: 0.83%\n\n“Using estimates from 2005, 2007 and 2008, the researchers found that agricultural production provides the lion’s share of greenhouse-gas emissions from the food system, releasing up to 12,000 megatonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent a year — up to 86% of all food-related anthropogenic greenhouse-gas emissions. Next is fertilizer manufacture, which releases up to 575 megatonnes, followed by refrigeration, which emits 490 megatonnes. The researchers found that the whole food system released 9,800–16,900 megatonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent into the atmosphere in 2008, including indirect emissions from deforestation and land-use changes.” - Nature\n\nSourced from: Vermeulen, S. J., Campbell, B. M. & Ingram, J. S. I. Annu. Rev. Environ. Resour. 37, 195–222 (2012).\nhttps://www.annualreviews.org/doi/full/10.1146/annurev-environ-020411-130608\n\n\n“In 2016, methane (CH4) accounted for about 10 percent of all U.S. greenhouse gas emissions from human activities. Human activities emitting methane include leaks from natural gas systems and the raising of livestock. Methane is also emitted by natural sources such as natural wetlands. In addition, natural processes in soil and chemical reactions in the atmosphere help remove CH4 from the atmosphere. Methane's lifetime in the atmosphere is much shorter than carbon dioxide (CO2), but CH4 is more efficient at trapping radiation than CO2. Pound for pound, the comparative impact of CH4 is more than 25 times greater than CO2 over a 100-year period.”\n- EPA\n![ghg-emissions.png](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmbBhsyKdqfaWeAT2mVtDrPJYUEmSWxXMEoxqe2mQtpiKE/ghg-emissions.png)\n![Mlo_ch4_ts_obs_03437.png](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmQG52xjVP11T16GfoJeg16dDWvHjy1e8exbCp6CuHqUhz/Mlo_ch4_ts_obs_03437.png)\n![Water-Vapour-Trend-IPCC-AR4-1980s-2000s.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmUriswRYoZUzUjgx4BavY2GTMngJaWQ8oV9QCpUWomgYZ/Water-Vapour-Trend-IPCC-AR4-1980s-2000s.jpg)\n\n“Water vapour is the primary greenhouse gas in the Earth’s atmosphere. The contribution of water vapour to the natural greenhouse effect relative to that of carbon dioxide (CO2) depends on the accounting method, but can be considered to be approximately two to three times greater.”\n— IPCC AR5 Chapter 8, page 666\n\n“Figure 7 is FAQ 1.1 Figure 1 from page 96 of AR4 [IPCC, 2007]. It shows the radiation balance for the earth and that the back radiation of all of the greenhouse gases is 324 W m-2. This is the value used to calculate the RF [radiative forcing] of CO2 at 378 ppmv as (8.67/324)/100 = 2.7% back radiation of the total of all of the greenhouse gases. … From Table 1, CO2 accounts for 2.7% of the global warming while all of the other gases [i.e., methane] account for approximately 0.7% for a total of approximately 3.4%. It becomes evident that, on average, water vapour accounts for approximately 96% of the current global [greenhouse effect] warming. This is an important finding because it leads to the conclusion that the factors controlling the average level of water vapour in the atmosphere also control atmospheric temperature.”\n\n“[O]n average, each molecule of CO2 is surrounded by approximately 23 molecules of water vapour at ground level [i.e., water vapour is 23 times more abundant in the atmosphere than CO2]. …  If the warming effect of water molecules and CO2 molecules were the same, then the contribution of CO2 would be (1/22.7) = 4.4% of that of water vapour. But from the previous section, water molecules are 1.6 times more effective at warming than CO2 molecules. Using this value and the ratio of 22.7:1, the contribution of CO2 to warming of the atmosphere is approximately (1/22.7)/1.6 = 2.8% of that of water vapour. As water vapour is approximately 96% of the total RF of all of the GHG, the contribution of CO2 is approximately 4% less than this, i.e., 2.69%. If the average RH were 60%, the contribution of CO2 would be ((1/27.4)/1.32) x 0.96 = 2.65%. For practical purposes, these values are the same as the 2.7% obtained by the quadratic model.”\n\n\n-Lightfoot and Mamer, 2014\n\n“The reduction in total cloud cover of 6.8% [between 1984 – 2009] means that 5.4 Wm−2 (6.8% of 79) is no longer being reflected but acts instead as an extra forcing into the atmosphere… To put this [5.4 Wm-2 of solar radiative forcing via cloud cover reduction between 1984-2009] into context, the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report…states that the total anthropogenic radiative forcing for 2011 relative to 1750 is 2.29 Wm−2 for all greenhouse gases and for carbon dioxide alone is 1.68 Wm−2.  The increase in radiative forcing caused by the reduction in total cloud cover over 10 years is therefore more than double the IPCC’s estimated radiative forcing for all greenhouse gases and more than three times greater than the forcing by carbon dioxide alone [from 1750 to present].”\n\n-McLean, 2014\n\nRegion specific:![Cooling-Warming-Temperature-Cloud-Page-17.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmcZihmbGaYzg4pTQuisHwKQYAdxdc3XUnv6E6aeYsjg5S/Cooling-Warming-Temperature-Cloud-Page-17.jpg)\n\n\n\n\n\nCH4 persistence: 12 years.\nNOx persistence: 114 years\nCO2 persistence: Between 65% and 80% absorbed by ocean over 20–200 years.\nSource: Carbon Brief\n\nNitrogen   (N2)    \n78.08%\nSpecific heat: 1.039 kJ/kgK\n\nOxygen    (O2)     \n20.95%\nSpecific heat: 0.910 kJ/kgK\n\n\nWater    (H2O)     \n0 to 4%\nSpecific heat: 1.996 kJ/kgK\n\nArgon    (Ar)     \n0.93%\n\nCarbon Dioxide    (CO2)     \n0.0360%\nSpecific heat: 0.846 kJ/kgK\n\nNeon    (Ne)     \n0.0018%\n\nHelium    (He)     \n0.0005%\n\nMethane    (CH4)     \n0.00017%\nSpecific heat: 4.475 kJ/kgK\n\nHydrogen    (H2)     \n0.00005%\n\n*Nitrous Oxide    (N2O)     \n0.00003% \nSpecific heat: 0.88 kJ/kgK\n\n*Ozone    (O3)     \n0.000004%\n\nSource: http://tornado.sfsu.edu/geosciences/classes/m201/Atmosphere/AtmosphericComposition.html\nSpecific heat (approximate without degrees Kelvin): Various sources\n\nDetailed formula for specific heat of atmospheric gases:\nhttp://www.biocab.org/Heat_Stored_by_Atmospheric_Gases.html\n“The thermal energy stored (the heat being stored and removed from any system by radiation) by 0.00069 Kg/m^3 of CO2 is equivalent to 0.007 °C. Then an increase of 381 ppmv of atmospheric CO2 causes an increase of its temperature. However, the heat stored by the CO2 is not equivalent to 0.007 °C. The reason being CO2 is a poor absorber-emitter of heat and so it cannot store heat for long periods of time. Theoretically, we obtain a change of temperature of the atmospheric CO2 of 0.01 °C, which is not the change of temperature of the whole atmosphere.”\nSource above.\n\n\n\n“A paper published in Science magazine  last year showed that the dominant source of 13C (carbon-13) in methane was shifting on a global basis. Carbon-13 is useful in that it can distinguish different sources of methane from one another. For example, isotopic analysis suggests a new trend away from oil and gas sources in the 21st century and indicates that global agriculture may be responsible for the recent increase in atmospheric methane.”\n- Forbes (cannot access source link for details.)\n\n![file-20170907-9538-1uarzku.jpeg.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmW5zRhyf9syNSpi5BMkEqaffqyktJy9W6GnLve6sjG4PP/file-20170907-9538-1uarzku.jpeg.jpg)\n\n![whats-up-with-our-weather.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmQFr8KXFdzWF58C2ZTUwc3tphP86n74D2kJH1EBrSuzCE/whats-up-with-our-weather.jpg)\n\n![TvsTSI.png](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmeUSTqsNFvBoGXcBsb4sdzAmqr2Ln7Bxy3txFKG3emF4i/TvsTSI.png)\n\n“About 29 percent of the solar energy that arrives at the top of the atmosphere is reflected back to space by clouds, atmospheric particles, or bright ground surfaces like sea ice and snow. This energy plays no role in Earth’s climate system. About 23 percent of incoming solar energy is absorbed in the atmosphere by water vapor, dust, and ozone, and 48 percent passes through the atmosphere and is absorbed by the surface. Thus, about 71 percent of the total incoming solar energy is absorbed by the Earth system.”\nhttps://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/EnergyBalance/page4.php\n\n![1203all-time-deforestation1.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmfGjUNE7gGeBqurxgDYCaWEjfjAnPyRCwxURYeZEkc6LG/1203all-time-deforestation1.jpg)\n\n(Strongest correlation outside of greenhouse gases yet)\n\n![160728143204_1_540x360.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmZaYdZrUyj672U5npjNsviPAqqCNS5B1YsTTs5xuRzuDe/160728143204_1_540x360.jpg)\n\nThis is not finished, so I'm posting it anyway, hoping someone out there knows where to find the missing pieces of the research puzzle:\nTotal heat output by industry and humanity.\nTotal heat output from geothermal sources.\nTotal heat absorption by concrete and asphalt in cities.",
      "json_metadata": "{\"tags\":[\"climate\",\"science\",\"sourcecitationsarenice\"],\"image\":[\"https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmeuMAxnJiJPa9nucSNJrTi8vrGncC6UJoZekKxBhAN6v5/CO2_vs_Volcano.gif\",\"https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmbBhsyKdqfaWeAT2mVtDrPJYUEmSWxXMEoxqe2mQtpiKE/ghg-emissions.png\",\"https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmQG52xjVP11T16GfoJeg16dDWvHjy1e8exbCp6CuHqUhz/Mlo_ch4_ts_obs_03437.png\",\"https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmUriswRYoZUzUjgx4BavY2GTMngJaWQ8oV9QCpUWomgYZ/Water-Vapour-Trend-IPCC-AR4-1980s-2000s.jpg\",\"https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmcZihmbGaYzg4pTQuisHwKQYAdxdc3XUnv6E6aeYsjg5S/Cooling-Warming-Temperature-Cloud-Page-17.jpg\",\"https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmW5zRhyf9syNSpi5BMkEqaffqyktJy9W6GnLve6sjG4PP/file-20170907-9538-1uarzku.jpeg.jpg\",\"https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmQFr8KXFdzWF58C2ZTUwc3tphP86n74D2kJH1EBrSuzCE/whats-up-with-our-weather.jpg\",\"https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmeUSTqsNFvBoGXcBsb4sdzAmqr2Ln7Bxy3txFKG3emF4i/TvsTSI.png\",\"https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmfGjUNE7gGeBqurxgDYCaWEjfjAnPyRCwxURYeZEkc6LG/1203all-time-deforestation1.jpg\",\"https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmZaYdZrUyj672U5npjNsviPAqqCNS5B1YsTTs5xuRzuDe/160728143204_1_540x360.jpg\"],\"links\":[\"https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/full/10.1146/annurev-environ-020411-130608\",\"http://tornado.sfsu.edu/geosciences/classes/m201/Atmosphere/AtmosphericComposition.html\",\"http://www.biocab.org/Heat_Stored_by_Atmospheric_Gases.html\",\"https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/EnergyBalance/page4.php\"],\"app\":\"steemit/0.1\",\"format\":\"markdown\"}"
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      "permlink": "re-soddenguru-re-alexbeyman-omega-point-the-meaning-of-life-20180909t222729732z",
      "title": "",
      "body": "@@ -1090,16 +1090,93 @@\n iverse  \n+%0Ahttps://www.zmescience.com/space/astrophysics-space/shape-universe-really/  \n %0A%0AOf cou\n",
      "json_metadata": "{\"tags\":[\"spirituality\"],\"links\":[\"http://abyss.uoregon.edu/~js/cosmo/lectures/lec15.html\",\"https://www.space.com/24309-shape-of-the-universe.html\",\"http://curious.astro.cornell.edu/about-us/103-the-universe/cosmology-and-the-big-bang/geometry-of-space-time/600-why-is-the-universe-flat-and-not-spherical-advanced\",\"https://bigthink.com/natalie-shoemaker/what-is-the-shape-of-the-universe\",\"https://www.zmescience.com/space/astrophysics-space/shape-universe-really/\"],\"app\":\"steemit/0.1\"}"
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      "author": "alexbeyman",
      "permlink": "re-soddenguru-re-alexbeyman-omega-point-the-meaning-of-life-20180909t222729732z",
      "title": "",
      "body": "@@ -370,16 +370,149 @@\n ig bang?\n+ Conversely, no precedent exists for any natural thing turning out to have been supernaturally caused upon scientific investigation. \n %0A%0AFurthe\n",
      "json_metadata": "{\"tags\":[\"spirituality\"],\"links\":[\"http://abyss.uoregon.edu/~js/cosmo/lectures/lec15.html\",\"https://www.space.com/24309-shape-of-the-universe.html\",\"http://curious.astro.cornell.edu/about-us/103-the-universe/cosmology-and-the-big-bang/geometry-of-space-time/600-why-is-the-universe-flat-and-not-spherical-advanced\",\"https://bigthink.com/natalie-shoemaker/what-is-the-shape-of-the-universe\"],\"app\":\"steemit/0.1\"}"
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  "timestamp": "2018-09-09T22:27:33",
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      "parent_permlink": "re-alexbeyman-omega-point-the-meaning-of-life-20180909t215758373z",
      "author": "alexbeyman",
      "permlink": "re-soddenguru-re-alexbeyman-omega-point-the-meaning-of-life-20180909t222729732z",
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      "body": ">\"but with no precipitating cause, the concept necessitates a creator of some kind.\"\n\nNot necessarily. It necessitates a cause, but there is no reason to assume the cause can only be an intelligent being. Every natural thing we have so far discovered the cause of has turned out to have been caused by natural processes. Why should this pattern not extend back to the big bang?\n\nFurther, the big crunch is certainly an elegant model, but it assumes the universe has closed geometry (like a 4D sphere which spatially loops back on itself). This was discovered not to be the case by the COBE and WMAP probes: \n\nhttp://abyss.uoregon.edu/~js/cosmo/lectures/lec15.html  \nhttps://www.space.com/24309-shape-of-the-universe.html  \nhttp://curious.astro.cornell.edu/about-us/103-the-universe/cosmology-and-the-big-bang/geometry-of-space-time/600-why-is-the-universe-flat-and-not-spherical-advanced  \nhttps://bigthink.com/natalie-shoemaker/what-is-the-shape-of-the-universe  \n\nOf course this is not to say it is certain, only that this is what appears to be the case according to the best currently available evidence.",
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      "permlink": "re-soddenguru-re-alexbeyman-what-the-message-was-for-me-20180909t222134923z",
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      "body": "@@ -801,12 +801,445 @@\n destination.\n+%0A%0AIncidentally there are good reasons why we might prefer it be engineered biology, or stupid machine replicators rather than deliberately engineered AI. We don't know for sure if we can create truly conscious AI. But we do know that evolution can create authentic consciousness. Allowing machines to evolve to that point on their own is messier and slower but will be more certain to result in an authentically conscious descendant.\n",
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      "parent_permlink": "re-alexbeyman-what-the-message-was-for-me-20180909t215017652z",
      "author": "alexbeyman",
      "permlink": "re-soddenguru-re-alexbeyman-what-the-message-was-for-me-20180909t222134923z",
      "title": "",
      "body": ">\"Through what evidence do you conclude the inevitable heat death of universes?\"\n\nEntropy and the law of conservation. The amount of usable energy goes down over time and can never be increased. I've read The Last Question of course but the reversal of entropy is one of those things which, in my opinion, is necessarily impossible or the physics upon which the rest of this concept is based would be invalidated to begin with. \n\n>\"Wouldn't the machine race we're about to give birth to qualify as exactly that?\"\n\nSure, but it does not have to be machine life. Literally anything which can self-replicate and survive in space will result in the same outcome. It does not matter whether it's von neumann probes, engineered biology or just humans in space habitats with brain implants. Many roads, one destination.",
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      "body": "If looking backwards from the center of an infinitely long standing wave, one does get the impression of a rather large bang - but with no precipitating cause, the concept necessitates a creator of some kind.\n\nIt is a model that emulates the experience of birth, life, and then death, mimicking the experience of the observer.\n\nI find this extremely crude drawing helpful in visualizing the other potentials available:\n\n![big bang.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmYyurwADT8tix65ti1WJsQtkLJKvuYLJz3hUPXf5tsxHY/big%20bang.jpg)",
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      "body": "You've hit the nail on the head, sir.\nI do have a few points:\nThrough what evidence do you conclude the inevitable heat death of universes? Is this not another extension of anthropocentrism; a mortal being having difficulty grasping the concept of infinity/immortality?\n\nI would say also that: \n\"...The entire universe is converted into a single vast thinking machine\"\nFull stop.\n\nAnd last, philosophers and sci-fi authors have long speculated about whether or not silicon based life can exist somewhere out there...\nWouldn't the machine race we're about to give birth to qualify as exactly that?",
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      "author": "soddenguru",
      "permlink": "re-alexbeyman-re-soddenguru-unified-field-part-one-20180909t214358666z",
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      "body": "If there's anything you disagree with or can expand on, I'm always happy to have more feedback.",
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      "permlink": "re-soddenguru-unified-field-part-one-20180908t202041758z",
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      "body": "Cool beans, I've had many of these same thoughts. \n\nhttps://www.inkitt.com/stories/scifi/14700  \nhttps://steemit.com/spirituality/@alexbeyman/what-the-message-was-for-me  \nhttps://steemit.com/spirituality/@alexbeyman/omega-point-the-meaning-of-life",
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      "body": "Congratulations @soddenguru! You have completed the following achievement on Steemit and have been rewarded with new badge(s) :\n\n[![](https://steemitimages.com/70x80/http://steemitboard.com/notifications/posts.png)](http://steemitboard.com/@soddenguru) Award for the number of posts published\n\n<sub>_Click on the badge to view your Board of Honor._</sub>\n<sub>_If you no longer want to receive notifications, reply to this comment with the word_ `STOP`</sub>\n\n\n\n> Do you like [SteemitBoard's project](https://steemit.com/@steemitboard)? Then **[Vote for its witness](https://v2.steemconnect.com/sign/account-witness-vote?witness=steemitboard&approve=1)** and **get one more award**!",
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      "author": "soddenguru",
      "permlink": "uft-part-two-geomechanics",
      "title": "UFT Part Two: Geomechanics",
      "body": "@@ -6969,16 +6969,17 @@\n r hot.%22 \n+%0A\n How do w\n@@ -6991,16 +6991,18 @@\n w that? \n+%0A%0A\n Upon rev\n@@ -7017,16 +7017,17 @@\n  don't. \n+%0A\n We can't\n@@ -7098,16 +7098,17 @@\n mantle. \n+%0A\n We just \n",
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      "permlink": "uft-part-two-geomechanics",
      "title": "UFT Part Two: Geomechanics",
      "body": "To keep in line with that last post,\nIf we throw out the idea of frictionless vacuum,\nA lot of other things we take for granted go out the window with it.\n\nThe Earth, The Sun, all the other stars, and maybe more importantly, all the atoms,\nWill stop spinning without some mechanism propelling them.\nNot slowly over aeons as thermodynamic entropy suggest, but very quickly.\nThat's not what we observe, so there must be something driving them.\nAn engine that keeps everything functioning normally.\n\nWhat is that?\nHow does it work?\n\nIn order to find a source, first we have to establish the nature of the mechanism itself.\nAtoms are too small to get a close look at... Stars are too far away...\nI think the planet we're standing on is the best place to start.\n\nEarth has a molten inner mantle. We're all used to that, right?\nProbably don't stop to think about why it's hot enough to stay molten all the time.\nIt takes a lot of energy to keep rock molten all day and night.\nThe weirdest part is that the core of Earth is NOT molten.\nAnd neither is the crust.\n\nSo let’s try throwing some math at this:\nEarth's iron/nickel core, based on seismological estimates, has a radius of 1,220 km,\nGiving it a volume of ≈ 7,606,210,000 km^3 at an estimated temperature of  5,430 °C.\nClose to the temperature of the surface of the sun.\nThe mantle has a thickness of 2,886 km, so if we calculate that sphere and the subtract the core,\nWe get ≈ 93,081,790,000 km^3\n\nKeep in mind these are all rough approximates just to get a ballpark of the energy we're dealing with,\nAnd that we can't really measure the weight or precise density of these components, because Earth is in free fall.\n\nAccording to Louie, J. (1996). \"Earth's Interior\". University of Nevada, Reno. Retrieved 2007-12-24:\n\"In the mantle, temperatures range between 500 to 900 °C at the upper boundary with the crust to over 4,000 °C at the boundary with the core. \"\nAnd Turcotte, DL; Schubert, G (2002). \"4\". Geodynamics (2nd ed.). Cambridge, England, UK: Cambridge University Press. pp. 136–7. ISBN 978-0-521-66624-4:\n\"The geothermal gradient of the mantle increases rapidly in the thermal boundary layers at the top and bottom of the mantle, and increases gradually through the interior of the mantle.\"\n\nIt is obvious the heat source for the mantle is not any external force, such as solar heating,\nOtherwise the crust would be molten too, and we would all be extremely dead.\nThat heat has to be coming from the core, as evidenced by the gradient.\nWhat can a big ball of iron and nickel do to produce that much heat?\n\nIt can spin!\nHow fast does it spin?\nSurely not the same speed as the crust...\nIt must be spinning much faster. How much faster?\n\nFor that I'll need to very roughly approximate some friction coefficients.\nI wish I had more precise figures, but unfortunately nobody has a probe that can actually journey to the center of the Earth... And even if they did, that's not a controlled laboratory condition, so I'm going to work with what I have:\n“Metals in contact with glass in vacuum exhibit the same friction behavior as glass in contact with glass. Because glass transfers to metals (e.g. aluminum, iron, and gold,) glass is essentially sliding on itself.”\n- Friction Behavior Of Glass And Metals In Contact With Glass In Various Environments, Donald H. Buckley, Lewis Research Center\n\nThis system is not in a vacuum, quite the opposite, it's under extreme heat and pressure the likes of which would be very difficult to replicate in a lab environment... But this is a place to start, and I've got to start somewhere.\n\nThe Engineering Toolbox (https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/friction-coefficients-d_778.html)\nSays glass on glass has a coefficient of 0.9-1.0\nSo we'll call it that for now.\nPressure at the boundary of Earth's core is estimated at 330-360 gigapascals.\nOne pascal is equivalent to one newton (1 N) of force applied over an area of one meter squared (1 m2). That is, 1 Pa = 1 N.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inner_core\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mantle_(geology)\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_history_of_the_Earth\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth%27s_internal_heat_budget\n\ndelta_T=(7800*mu*Wab*v)/(J*(k1+k2))\ndelta_T = rise in temperature\nmu = coefficient of friction\nWab = surface energy of adhesion \nv = sliding speed\nJ = mechanical equivalent of heat\nk1, k2 = heat conductivity of the two materials\n\nThese formulas are all designed to operate in linear systems.\nWhen you try and wrap them around a sphere without a start and end point,\nThe only thing that spins in your head.\n\nThis is really heavy shit, and it doesn't make sense to me - the math is extremely intimidating. But I'm sharing it with you because laymen are not indoctrinated, and thing that don't make sense generally don't make sense to them. In that sense, you're perfect for this!\n\nI have a question for you:\n\n\"Narrator: And the deeper you go, the hotter it is, right? \n\nMarc: That's right. Although it's very difficult to find out the temperature at great depths, the core may be between about 7,000 and 12,000 degrees Fahrenheit. To appreciate how hot that is, the surface of the Sun is about 10,000 degrees, so our planet's core might be hotter than the surface of a star! \n\nNarrator: OK . . . well, how did it get that way? \n\nMarc: Our planet formed from many smaller bits of rock that collided and stuck together when the solar system was developing more than four and a half billion years ago. As each piece of rock fell onto the forming planet, it added a little bit of energy, which caused the growing Earth to heat up. So our home had a hot beginning.\"\n\nDoes that make sense to you?\n\nNext question: \n\"Narrator: But after billions of years, why hasn't it cooled off? \n\nMarc: Good question. A brilliant 19th century physicist, William Thomson, who we know better as Lord Kelvin, asked a similar question. He assumed Earth had begun in a molten state and then calculated how long it would take to cool to its present conditions without any other source of internal energy. He returned to this problem many times over the decades, and his final estimate at the end of the century was that Earth must be only about 20 to 40 million years old. His conclusion disagreed with findings from geology and biology, both of which showed that Earth was much older than that. \n\nNarrator: Why were his calculations so far off? Was there a problem with his method? \n\nMarc: Kelvin's method was good, but 19th century scientists didn't know about radioactivity. At the beginning of the 20th century, when they recognized that decaying atoms released tremendous amounts of energy, scientists understood that Earth has not simply been cooling off since its formation. Now we know that radioactive elements that take billions of years to decay have kept Earth's interior hot. \" Could Lord Kelvin have been right?\n\n\"Now we know that radioactive elements that take billions of years to decay have kept Earth's interior hot.\" How do we know that? Upon review - we don't. We can't measure the amount of radioactive material in the core, or the mantle. We just assume there must be enough, because it's real hot down there, and we don't have any other explanation.\n\nQuote Source: https://spaceplace.nasa.gov/review/podcasts/transcripts/090302_earths_core.html\n\nSomebody on Quora asked \n\"If the terrestrial core and magma are hot due to radioactive elements decay, then why doesn't each volcanic eruption make a nuclear disaster far worse than Chernobyl?\" \n\nThere weren't any great answers, but it's a really good question: the eruption of magma from Earth's mantle should give us a good approximation of the radioactive content present. If there were enough isotopes present to generate the type of heat we're talking about (5700K for 4.5 billion years is A LOT) one could reasonably expect lava not to cool off very quickly, and to possess a potentially dangerous amount of radiation. But it does cool off quickly, and it's not dangerously radioactive. \n\nThe arguments made in favor of the current theory are that lots of rock is a good insulator, and that it's small releases of heat from radiation accumulating over time. I'm not buying it without some really solid mathematical proofs, and I can’t find any.\n\nI've been trying to break my own model all morning, and all of the math is very challenging... But what I find funny is that the guys on the opposite side of this argument are very serious physics guys, way better than I am at all kinds of math... They should have done these calculations already, to prove their own theory, and I can't find it anywhere. \nThe roughness of their approximations does not constitute anywhere near the level of certainty they possess when pressed on for explanations.\n\nNeither do mine - I'm not sure I'm right - I'm not sure they're wrong. \nBut they're so sure they're right that it's unscientific.\nDo the math first, bitches! \n\"Show your work\" or STFU.\n\n\"...many smaller bits of rock that collided and stuck together\" do not account for temperatures that may be in excess of the surface of the sun 4.5 billion years later. No fuckin' way.\n\nFUCK LINEAR DYNAMICS! FUCK THEM RIGHT IN THEIR LINEAR ASSHOLE! \nGoddammit. I've hit a wall. You can't find thermal exchange from friction without a start and end point and a nice straight line using any of the existing mechanics. They just don't work for this. \nI have to make up new physics, and I have no experimental apparatus or funding.\n\n!@$&%#$ $#@#, @$$!\n\nMe today:\nhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EThd45qt_Hk\nWhy won't it break? My head is very hard!\n\nMy mind hurts now. I'm taking a break.",
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      "title": "Unified Field Part One",
      "body": "@@ -132,39 +132,8 @@\n se.%0A\n-So, strap yourself in tightly!%0A\n (Uni\n@@ -4999,16 +4999,63 @@\n  observe\n+ at every level of scale in the entire universe\n .%0A%0A!%5BPi-\n",
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      "title": "Unified Field Part One",
      "body": "There’s no brief way for me to explain my scale perspective well.\nThe target area of effect is all of infinity in the entire universe.\nSo, strap yourself in tightly!\n(Universe is Greek for “One Turn” by the way.)\n\nOn a day to day basis, usually I focus on tiny backyard micro-climates, or the social situations of individual houses. I try to keep the overarching politics of Portland in the back of my mind all the time, but that’s really challenging because it changes from day to day, and in many ways is antithetical to the other work I’m doing… And then I also keep a pretty close eye on the climate conditions of the North American continent, and the globe, daily.\n\nI also glance occasionally at things that are going on across the globe, in places like Syria, or Venezuela, because there are a number of trigger events that usually signal economic or social changes in advance of the general populace being affected.\n\nIn order to recognize and predict changes like that, you have to have a fairly clear picture of the threads that connect all these seemingly disparate elements.\nSomething I usually refer to as “the map.”\n\nThe Map Of Infinite Space And Time! Woo!\n\nThere’s a lot of intuition and irrationality in my process, and what I call “holistic navigation” - because it sounds a lot more professional than “winging it” or “flying by the seat of my pants.”\nIn the good old days of aviation, if you were flying at night and your fancy instruments went out, the only way you could tell if you were right side up was by the feeling of your ass in the seat.\nI think it’s fair to say that the instruments have failed and our society is flying blind.\n\nBetter to navigate by intuition than malfunctioning equipment.\n\nUsually I don’t try to dive into this in text format, because it takes several hours and a whiteboard or some sidewalk chalk to properly explain it, but I’m going to take a whack at it anyway.\n\nRationality and irrationality are related to scale perspective.\nSo what is rational for an individual human that lives one lifetime,\nIs irrational for say, any one part of a collective consciousness that goes on forever.\nRationality is synonymous with proportionality, but we are divorced from damn near every process in nature that can give us a true perspective of proportion, or real value.\n\nAlso, like with ethics, if you’re not constantly calculating and evaluating the ratios, you’re bound to wander off into the deep darkness.\n\nSometimes that’s the destination.\nI’ve been to some deep darkness, and stayed there long enough for my eyes to adjust to the dim, that’s one of the reasons why I’ve seen things that other people haven’t.\nScary, dangerous things, that it is unwise to talk about at parties (unless you WANT people to think you’re nuts and/or tactfully evade being taken seriously by anyone with a degree.)\n\nThe reason why everything is such a mess is because the mechanism of information transmission is broken. We live in the age of spin; everything is bullshit, facts are dead, and research ends at Snopes, if it even gets that fucking far.\nMost people don’t understand consciousness or the universe, and they’re not trying to.\nThey’ve settled into a delusion I call “The Rectangle Program.”\n\nWe crave familiar patterns, and nothing could be more familiar to an American than a rectangular room in a rectangular house, outlined by a rectangular lawn on a rectangular city block, surrounded by a rectangular street grid and rectangular agriculture.\nMaybe even in a rectangular state, fuck it, go for broke, Wyoming.\n\nRectangles are the easiest to calculate with linear systems design.\nWhich might be great except, nature is nonlinear.\nAll of it.\nAll the time.\n\nEverything in nature, animate or inanimate, follows the path of least resistance.\nThat path is never a straight line, therefore any straight line cuts through the landscape and interrupts the flow of energy – materials – resources – waterways – migration paths – etc.\nAny straight line creates unnecessary resistance and wears out quicker,\nThat which is against Tao cannot last long.\n\nThe way we design cities is a disease. I think of it as skin cancer at the planetary scale.\n\nI hope my housing design doesn’t suggest that hexagons are a magical one size fits all solution, but in this specific case and with the intended site, they bridge the gap between the linear dynamics of construction and measurement, and the nonlinear mechanics of natural systems they’re meant to integrate with. It’s one non stupid way to do it, and I only know that because I stole the design from bees.\n\nThere are two shapes, however, that are “one size fits all.”\nCircles and spirals.\nThe things that are HARDEST to calculate with conventional measurement and physics,\nAre the most common in nature, at all levels of scale.\n\nAll circles have a ratio of pi between their radius and circumference,\nAnd spirals from natural accumulative growth, have a growth ratio of phi.\n\nThat’s not a happy accident, or a mistake.\nIt is the foundation of all structure we observe.\n\n![Pi-unrolled-720.gif](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmPFYMNAoRaWukq9axWpcsg8fSfHsP8L1E8BWtmYJGeneY/Pi-unrolled-720.gif)\n![c9P9FPl.gif](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmSQPt1oLQ5PfTw8iukTDdtJBNu688e7C3tfMTeefoLq72/c9P9FPl.gif)\n![WheKCzG.gif](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmXVFs8D7f8m2C8agHxz9xpPHXwpgPmQT6gwANKFAAhiDi/WheKCzG.gif)\n\n\n![cancer-cell-division-600x483.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmb1n9h5xCKHxsAkx79yinWv9ivH9QQmN612M9VKb4zedr/cancer-cell-division-600x483.jpg)\nCancer Cell Division\n\n![anglerfish-ovary.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmTGmEaLRsysuQqXPZpfpempr4HMkahrzVs7pTXyDNLeow/anglerfish-ovary.jpg)\nAnglerfish Ovary\n\n![tumblr_m3bo44lu551qbpwkro1_r1_1280.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmXLDH1bK8ECWeZY6MMsg2F8uXoQ68DJ6Syc7C4k3cc4JE/tumblr_m3bo44lu551qbpwkro1_r1_1280.jpg)\nSnail Shell Cross Section\n\n![tumblr_m3bo5s9hqc1qbpwkro1_r1_1280.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmY7DohGMP7ubGPTsAwwoMwPBCTRRCPpAR6e5S94iGjYtC/tumblr_m3bo5s9hqc1qbpwkro1_r1_1280.jpg)\nFern\n\n![tumblr_m3bo2zy2jn1qbpwkro1_r1_1280.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmU1vqjKMFQotAL5KdLSZAYM1ZP7MYEt4cwFCetUzZQdg9/tumblr_m3bo2zy2jn1qbpwkro1_r1_1280.jpg)\nHurricane\n\n![tumblr_m3bo0tgmpr1qbpwkro1_r1_1280.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmb7986mn2K34pGub25TKG3SrcKRPbg7nKr4XBeXubkQqL/tumblr_m3bo0tgmpr1qbpwkro1_r1_1280.jpg)\nGalaxy\n\nSo, why these ratios, and what is the path of least resistance?\n\nWe still have a geocentric philosophy of the universe – Earth is at the center of creation.\nThe standard model relies on the Newtonian principle of “inert” or “rest mass.”\nInert. Stationary. Motionless.\n\nWhen we calculate things like the speed of light, we assume our velocity to be zero.\n\nOur velocity is certainly not zero, and in my model energy cannot have mass without velocity, which is supported by relativity even though I have strong disagreements with that model.\n\nThere is no evidence of a stationary object.\nAn object at rest might tend to stay at rest until acted on by an outside force,\nExcept I’ve never observed an object at rest. Neither has anyone else. Ever.\n\nSo that’s the first law of motion crossed off the list.\nThe second law is pretty good – an object in motion changes its velocity relative to outside forces. True enough.\nBut then the third law goes off the rails again:\n“For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.”\n\nSo, my action is to push on this door, with twenty newtons of force.\nAn equal and opposite reaction would the door pushing back with twenty newtons of force,\nAnd remaining stationary.\n\n \n\nThis is a set of laws of physics that demand the universe to be stationary and motionless.\nSo it’s no surprise that CERN said, “The Universe Should Not Actually Exist.”\n\n \n\nWell, obviously it does, so, they’re fucking wrong.\nAnd with all that money so well spent, they’re unable to admit they might ever be even slightly incorrect, so instead their conclusion is that THE ENTIRE UNIVERSE IS WRONG.\n“Not me.\nI can’t be wrong.\nGod must have fucked up.”\n\n \n\nIf instead, we work from the assumption that the universe DOES exist,\nThen in order for mass and energy to behave as we observe,\n\nThere must be some critical organizing component.\n\n \n\nVECTOR AND VELOCITY\n\n \n\nOnce we acknowledge that we’re moving through space, to find the path of least resistance we need to know our path. And to find out what time it is we need to know our speed. I can tell you both. Just try not to freak out 😉\n\nOur speed is 299,792,458 meters per second, or about 670,616,629 miles per hour.\n\nMore commonly called light speed.\n\nScientific American will tell you that “…the surface of the earth at the equator moves at a speed of 460 meters per second–or roughly 1,000 miles per hour. As schoolchildren, we learn that the earth is moving about our sun in a very nearly circular orbit. It covers this route at a speed of nearly 30 kilometers per second, or 67,000 miles per hour.”\n\nThat is incorrect, because the sun is not stationary. It is orbiting the center of the galaxy.\nThe galaxy is not stationary either, but from our position we can’t easily tell which way it’s going or how fast.\n\nSo, when I say that light speed is zero, I don’t mean light is motionless as such –\n\nI mean it’s like the ocean’s speed is zero.\nIt stays right at the coast.\n\nIt’s always right where you left it, because all the water already rolled down to the bottom of the hill. Obviously it’s not static, waves move around in it, but if you’re in a boat the only way to tell how fast you’re going is by the water washing over your hull.\n\nWe are hurtling through an ocean of light.\n\n \n\nChaos is Greek for void,\nBut there is no void, no vacuum, no empty space.\n\nEvery part is structured, every part has a pattern.\nThe way we move through space generates the geometry of existence,\nAnd our experience of time.\n\n \n\nTHE OBSERVER\n\n \n\nDescartes said the one thing we cannot doubt is that we are having an experience.\n\nConsciousness gives rise to perception, and our mode of perception dictates what type of universe we observe.\n\nThe observer is a big pain in the ass for modern science.\n\nThey can’t really explain it away, so they do their best to shove it under the rug,\n\nBecause with nothing but subjective observers to gather data, there can be no objectivity, which is supposed to be the goal of science: to reach objective conclusions.\n\n \n\nPerhaps it is just that none of these scientists have ever taken hallucinogens, so they are very confident in the accuracy of their observational equipment, and do not realize how malleable their view of reality is. It only takes one opportunity to alter your brain chemistry, to see how much of the form and function of reality is being generated by your brain, that is… All of it.\n\n \n\nThis is where we get to the crux of objectivity,\nHow does the brain generate reality?\nAnd why are certain geometries scale invariant?\n\nFirst off,\nHow many dimensions are we perceiving?\nThe usual assumption is that we visually perceive three dimensions.\nWe do not. We visually perceive two dimensions, from two positions.\nEach eyeball sees a flat picture of the world, and forms a parallax triangle with the other eye.\nThat enables the brain to interpret the variance between each eye as depth.\n\nBut depth, the third dimension, is an illusion created by the mind.\n\n \n\nI’m not suggesting the world is less than 3d, just that our perception is limited.\n\nWhich is part of the reason why we can’t literally “see” the fourth dimension: time.\n\nSo you might say a 3d object at rest tends to stay at rest, because it needs a fourth dimension in order to have motion. Linear Cartesian coordinate systems can’t handle this very well, so we’ve come up with lots of clever workarounds to make it appear as if linear time is passing.\nBut time is fuckin’ weird.\nIt’s not linear.\nIt’s radial.\n\nAnd I can prove it with a simple thought experiment:\n\n \n\nWhen you look out at the stars, hundreds or thousands or millions of “light-years” away, you see ancient light. The star you’re seeing is very literally in the past, and at the present moment, some of the stars you’re looking at have exploded.\nThe farther out you look, the farther back in the past are the objects you’re seeing.\n\nSo we have a model just for that, called astrophysics.\n\n \n\nQuantum physics has a different assignment. Looking farther and farther “in.”\n\nAnd they disagree wildly with astrophysics, because their observations don’t match at all.\n\nWhen they look in at distant, tiny interactions, they see a hazy probability field that is quite unpredictable, with two key points:\nThe solution doesn’t resolve UNTIL you observe it, and more importantly,\nThe laws of causality don’t work right. Effects precede their causes.\nTime is backwards.\n\n \n\nThe reason why it’s backwards is because,\nIf looking out is the past,\nLooking in is the future.\nQuantum events cannot be accurately calculated because\nTHEY HAVEN’T HAPPENED YET.\n\n \n\nSomewhere in between there’s an event horizon, the scale at which we are observing the present, which gives rise to this weird mechanic we call singularity.\nHopefully you haven’t already been inundated with all the related garbage, or this may seem patronizing.\n\nSingularity is the thing that’s supposedly driving black holes, and in conventional physics, the “event horizon” is the point at which the laws of physics break down and our mathematics fail to calculate accurate outcomes, because everything goes to infinity. In order for the effects we observe to be generated, the system requires infinite energy.\nAnd we don’t know how to calculate infinity.\n\nBear in mind that singularity itself means “the state, fact, quality, or condition of being singular.”\nAs well as “a point at which a function takes an infinite value, especially in space-time when matter is infinitely dense, as at the center of a black hole.”\nIn order for there to be a singularity, there can only be one thing.\n\nIf the singularity is infinite, then logically there is only one thing our universe:\n\nEverything else must be derived from that.\nBut that doesn’t make sense, because you see lots of different things.\nLots and lots of stars. Enough to fill up the whole night sky.\n\nSo if there’s only one star, why do you see so many?\nFeedback.\n\n \n\nThere’s an experiment you can do yourself, fairly easily.\nUsing any digital camera that you can send live video out from,\nHook the camera up to a tv or monitor, and point the camera at the monitor.\nThis is especially easy if you have an oldschool usb webcam.\nThere are numerous examples you can find online, but it’s more magical if you do it yourself, especially because you can clearly see that every little twitch and adjustment sends a ripple through infinity. Most feedback experiments you’ll find generate a spiral, because there’s a single viewport – one lens and one screen:\nhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EJIFKUQD-oY\n\n \n\nBut that’s not how we observe reality. We have two viewports and one screen, so we observe a lot of other geometry you won’t find that way – but if you apply a mirror effect that splits the output in two, that generates the types of structures we see in nature.\n\nHere’s an example I made a while back; pardon the whining of my laptop’s fan:\nhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qbhh9Hp8esE&index=4&list=UUkdfP2g7L9kkWUvxcAwTXoA\nWe’re still just looking at a 2-d cross section,\n\nBut that’s how you get these fun shapes:\n\n![half-champignon-mushroom-cut-fresh-isolated-white-background-71135957.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmd7BesvkxJfY6GWRA7MaudajyfomvRCpRAhgYWgMDnDeX/half-champignon-mushroom-cut-fresh-isolated-white-background-71135957.jpg)\n![maxresdefault.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmRC4UseCTNu9rkEAKzmpfPmCeNcVBSHRsEW1fwrmbD9zq/maxresdefault.jpg)\n![lasrWing.gif](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQme23Wkhs4MKLyFwUwrgqseBPez8MreMkWrhhkVpt6SqAn/lasrWing.gif)\n\nThe thing you’re looking at is the thing you’re looking with.\n![brain1-30106.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmRLb1qXR5qH5BUnsx5ZTPaTr5CBgrMQUGEEWkw1SdiJKG/brain1-30106.jpg)\n![tree.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmSnhtFhhP7GX7a7RBZi6QwUi8ymDzELGBNuCjmzWsFt1B/tree.jpg)\n\nThe inside is the outside.\n\n![tumblr_m9h9qv3hdg1qbpwkro1_1280.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmeBdBb83rdWCzndXJgionqbBJECJ9xLCXafN52cgHYfyZ/tumblr_m9h9qv3hdg1qbpwkro1_1280.jpg)\n\n![tumblr_mh5ogmgxx61qbpwkro1_1280.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmVr5cUKBsJuaAxUMhHWwynXXxt4CfiV7VecMjRViuNZAR/tumblr_mh5ogmgxx61qbpwkro1_1280.jpg)\n\n![tumblr_mh458ipgb41qbpwkro1_1280.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmVZzTam6M7zifomgy71ZpmV6UepZaBsvzmKY3W2KhAcYe/tumblr_mh458ipgb41qbpwkro1_1280.jpg)\n\nUpside down and inside out.\n\nNeurons Versus Cities At Night:\n\n![tumblr_lgsz52p8ph1qbpwkro1_1280.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmWpHy4sqTP4MbwFwabEgEvyEH9yF4dbbsyn8aimvQLFXB/tumblr_lgsz52p8ph1qbpwkro1_1280.jpg)\n\n![a2be4f4358a437b77975334677ad1c53.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmaCCNr3WCGLsCDP3SexubReJLG5oqPnztdyGuyeFHsifG/a2be4f4358a437b77975334677ad1c53.jpg)\n\n![8cfcc028f4a15a1d0797e164bf553e63.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmX4jwr4Uoc1PKoHAt2zV7r8FZqyoDvkcTpuYyCGQtGm1S/8cfcc028f4a15a1d0797e164bf553e63.jpg)\n\nMathematics gets hung up on infinity, because we use linear math, and you can’t calculate an infinitely long straight line. I assume that infinity seems daunting to you as well, because any explanation you’ve ever heard of it either made no sense, or was clearly impossible.\n\nIt sounds challenging, right?\nExcept you’ve been looking at infinity your entire life.\nYou’re so used to infinity you probably don’t even notice it.\nEach tree has the ability to make infinitely more self similar trees,\nBut that’s not obvious,\nBecause it’s infinite over time, not in 3-d space.\n\n \n\nHere’s a more concrete physical example: Euler’s Disk.\n\nhttps://youtu.be/ug2bKCG4gZY\n\nAs the rotation frequency “goes to infinity” the velocity goes to zero,\nAnd the object becomes stationary (relative to the observer.)\n\n \n\nEventually the rotations become so frequent that all the positions are occupied simultaneously, making for a nice solid object. But there are two infinities in mathematics; small infinity and big infinity. One of them is reductive, as you can infinitely divide one into smaller fractions forever. The other is additive, since you can infinitely add more numbers to the number line.\nEither way, when you get there, the answer is zero.\n\n \n\nImagine that disk going towards the other infinity; instead of spinning down, losing velocity, imagine you could keep adding velocity… So that it stands on end, and with each revolution, it more closely resembles a solid sphere… Until eventually the disk occupies all points in the space simultaneously, and actually becomes a solid object.\nI know that’s a tall order… But this is also the manner in which an atom can (in theory) be 99.99999% empty space and still behave as a solid object.\n\n \n\nBack to the standard model for a moment; as I mentioned we have to take a system that’s moving and freeze it in time to calculate using conventional methods. But we have to warp it in other ways too, we have to make it into a “closed system.”\n“In nonrelativistic classical mechanics, a closed system is a physical system that doesn’t exchange any matter with its surroundings, and isn’t subject to any net force whose source is external to the system. A closed system in classical mechanics would be considered an isolated system in thermodynamics.”\n\n \n\nDo me a favor, and point to a physical system that doesn’t exchange any matter with its surroundings, and isn’t subject to external forces.\nI’ll wait.\n\nAny luck?\nProbably not.\n\nThere are no closed systems in the universe.\nThere aren’t even any closed systems in labs, even though we try real hard to close them. We’ve done our very best to evacuate every last atom from a space, and the closest we’ve ever come to true vacuum still contains enough energy to power a million suns.\n\nWe assume that atom is spinning in a frictionless vacuum, which is why it keeps spinning, in spite of not receiving or exchanging energy with surrounding systems. Not that something is causing it to spin continuously forever, but that it and everything else will eventually wind down to the inevitable heat death of the entire universe.\n\n \n\nSo when you take an object moving through space and time, interacting with its surroundings, cut it off from all that and try to measure it independent of both the universe AND the observer, it’s no wonder the universe appears broken.\nDoes that sound rational?\n\nscience (n.)\n\nmid-14c., “what is known, knowledge (of something) acquired by study; information;” also “assurance of knowledge, certitude, certainty,” from Old French science “knowledge, learning, application; corpus of human knowledge” (12c.), from Latin scientia “knowledge, a knowing; expertness,” from sciens (genitive scientis) “intelligent, skilled,” present participle of scire “to know,” probably originally “to separate one thing from another, to distinguish,” related to scindere “to cut, divide,” from PIE root *skei- “to cut, split” (source also of Greek skhizein “to split, rend, cleave,” Gothic skaidan, Old English sceadan “to divide, separate”).\n\n \n\nIf you have to cut the universe into pieces to “know” it,\n\nThe result is cosmic vivisection.\nCutting open the living universe so we can poke it with instruments.\n\n \n\nAnd if there is only \"one thing,\" \"singularity,\" then you have to cut it, to create ratios.\n\nThe way you cut the space can be arbitrary, you can make it all into rectangles and lines,\nBut you can also clearly see the way nature divides space.\n\nThe only math we have for that? Irrational numbers.\nBeyond the rational, in an imaginary la-la land of fractal geometry, which is the only thing that’s ever made sense to me.\n\n \n\nIf physics has never made sense to you before,\n\nThere’s a good chance that’s because it doesn’t make sense.\n\nImaginary numbers aren’t special, because all numbers are imaginary.\n\nWe just made it all up out of nothing, so we can do whatever we want with it.\n\nWhen you start playing with the system, patterns emerge,\n\nPatterns that make sense.\n\nBut if you follow the rules, math is very dull.\nGeometry, on the other hand, “the measure of the Earth,” is fascinating because it’s not arbitrary.\n\nThe Earth has patterns, and rules, and when you apply math to them, and it doesn’t quite work,\n\nThat’s because you’re doing the math wrong.\n\n![google-earth-view-1342.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmUEbWEzR1a2EucUhoYsxfMMF54N35aG4AUCjHSJwoRJ4f/google-earth-view-1342.jpg)\n\n![google-earth-view-1716.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmfW4tebrH1y4SHcM5CBgoWqDbbqS9Pm68PFqSXecLFGeK/google-earth-view-1716.jpg)\n\n![google-earth-view-5587.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmXuuvYQeMDorjDjm4SUPZeaheV26oLU5jjNVAV4tStKKa/google-earth-view-5587.jpg)\n\n![google-earth-view-6527.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmfXs5pPyDbdQPFLAGMokjiVswVooZMp5qJDHxbnTW9dCg/google-earth-view-6527.jpg)\n\n![google-earth-view-6589.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmRYf6SJkn5xBempjxpCGynub8cqEBfGygGaT7KRC5Sxv6/google-earth-view-6589.jpg)\n\nWe can’t make these kinds of structures using linear, rational mathematics, or even measure them accurately!",
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      "author": "soddenguru",
      "permlink": "the-trouble-with-mars",
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      "parent_author": "",
      "parent_permlink": "mars",
      "author": "soddenguru",
      "permlink": "the-trouble-with-mars",
      "title": "The Trouble With Mars",
      "body": "@@ -1013,16 +1013,18 @@\n P-A-C-E \n+  \n C-O-L-O-\n",
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      "body": "@@ -1008,23 +1008,37 @@\n u:%0AS\n-PACE COLONIALIS\n+-P-A-C-E C-O-L-O-N-I-A-L-I-S-\n M!%0A%0A\n@@ -3127,20 +3127,19 @@\n pid and \n-not \n+un-\n profitab\n@@ -3665,16 +3665,17 @@\n o that? \n+%0A\n If you w\n",
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      "body": "I got an award for upvoting each of my own posts exactly once? \nFrom the Steemit bot, which is apparently the only reader or appreciator of my work. \nThat's just fucking spectacular.\nGREAT JOB!\n** pats self on back with the hand that's not holding a large bottle of wine **",
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      "author": "steemitboard",
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      "body": "Congratulations @soddenguru! You have completed the following achievement on Steemit and have been rewarded with new badge(s) :\n\n[![](https://steemitimages.com/70x80/http://steemitboard.com/notifications/voted.png)](http://steemitboard.com/@soddenguru) Award for the number of upvotes received\n\n<sub>_Click on the badge to view your Board of Honor._</sub>\n<sub>_If you no longer want to receive notifications, reply to this comment with the word_ `STOP`</sub>\n\n\n\n> Do you like [SteemitBoard's project](https://steemit.com/@steemitboard)? Then **[Vote for its witness](https://v2.steemconnect.com/sign/account-witness-vote?witness=steemitboard&approve=1)** and **get one more award**!",
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      "title": "The Trouble With Mars",
      "body": "There are a lot of people lately, talking about going to Mars.\nElon, this one’s for you, I guess.\n\nMaybe it’s because people are finally becoming slightly aware that the Earth ship is going down?\nOr perhaps it’s because of a marketing agenda being pushed by some corporation?\nI’m not really sure, that’s why I thought it would be good to dig in to a bit of the Martian soil and see what’s up.\n\nStrap yourself in tightly, because this rocket’s going to blast off right in the face of the popular notion that going to Mars is a prefect idea!\n\nWhy going to Mars is a bad idea:\nYou may notice that whenever there’s something in the news about Mars, pretty much whenever anyone is talking about going to Mars, even those with well laid plans and the best of intentions…\nThey refer to building a colony on Mars.\nNot visiting Mars, or flying to Mars, not even usually sending a scientific mission to Mars…\nThe preferred term is “Colonizing Mars.”\n\nMaybe the problem there isn’t obvious, so I’ll spell it out for you:\nSPACE COLONIALISM!\n\nThink about all the great things colonialism has done for Earth,\nThen apply that to a whole new planet! Whoopee!\n\nGranted, there aren’t any indigenous natives to enslave or genocide,\nSo that’s a big plus compared to the usual methodology,\nBut the idea is essentially the same:\nWE’RE GONNA CLAIM MARS, FOR EARTH!\n\nExcept, Earth isn’t exactly a unified front, not yet.\nBefore I go on, it’s important to clarify there is a HUGE difference between\n“Globalism”\nAnd\n“Global Corporatism.”\n\nA unified Earth sounds like a pretty big improvement over hundreds of feudal nation states warring over lines on maps, but there's no idea so good that greedy corporations can't bend it over and fuck it to death.\n\nCorporate globalists want to reap the rewards of currently existing nation states’ resources without having to deal with all those pesky little hurdles like local laws, paying fair wages, or people that already live where the water, forests, poppies, or oil is located, complaining about being enslaved and murdered.\nThose sorts of things really cut into the bottom line.\nThey can’t have human life fucking up their profit margins.\n\nThe biggest problem for them is that human beings on Earth have all these ecosystems around them, that enable them to survive, and typically you have to knock those down in order to get at the sweet, sweet crude underneath.\n\nGuess what?\nNot a problem on Mars.\nMars has no ecosystem to obstruct the extraction of minerals,\nMars has no natives to bitch about being slaughtered like livestock,\nMars has no nations or laws to slow down “progress.”\n\nMmm, “progress.”\nThat word leaves a funny taste in your mouth, doesn’t it?\nLike sucking on a quarter you found on the pavement at a bus stop, \nOn a freeway overpass,\nIn New Delhi,\nDuring a world cup finals celebration.\n\nRelated: Mars ain’t cheap.\nGetting there is quite technically challenging, and you could count the number of people with the financial resources to make an independent trip on one hand.\n\nCorporations on the other hand…\nHave a great deal of profit they’re not reinvesting in something stupid and not profitable like,\nTheir workers.\nOr stable infrastructure.\nOr their home countries.\n\nFor whatever reason, the CEOs of fortune 500 type companies prefer to sit on their giant piles of money, or swim around giant vaults full of gold coin like Scrooge Fucking McDuck.\nAnd of course, thanks to huge tax cuts, deregulation, and absolute zero oversight by IRS and similar agencies of offshore holdings, they can just hang on to all that money until the bottom drops out… OR…\n\nThey could spend it on a trip to Mars.\nSo why would they do that? If you want to live on Mars, you gotta incentivize a corporation.\nThey need a motive.\nWhat usually motivates these folks?\n\n![303598main_mjmumma_vid_01_1280_01.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmf1zbfKXgWGaR7sAtmdPvzBNtHiGKBfWttWmaHQxxCxuS/303598main_mjmumma_vid_01_1280_01.jpg)\n\n\"Methane is quickly destroyed in the Martian atmosphere in a variety of ways, so our discovery of substantial plumes of methane in the northern hemisphere of Mars in 2003 indicates some ongoing process is releasing the gas,\" said Dr. Michael Mumma of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md. \"At northern mid-summer, methane is released at a rate comparable to that of the massive hydrocarbon seep at Coal Oil Point in Santa Barbara, Calif.\"\n\nPAYDIRT!\n\n“In its quest to find molecules that could point to life on Mars, NASA's Curiosity rover has struck a gusher. Since Curiosity landed in 2012, it has sifted samples of soil and ground-up rock for signs of organic molecules—the complex carbon chains that on Earth form the building blocks of life. Past detections have been so faint that they could be just contamination. Now, samples taken from two different drill sites on an ancient lakebed have yielded complex organic macromolecules that look strikingly similar to the goopy fossilized building blocks of oil and gas on Earth. At a few dozen parts per million, the detected levels are 100 times higher than previous finds.”\n\n“Because 30% of the roughly 180 impact craters on Earth contain minerals or oil and gas, it seems that the cratering promotes the development of natural resources. Some of the ores produced from impact related effects on Earth include ores of iron, uranium, gold, copper, and nickel. It is estimated that the value of materials mined from impact structures is 5 billion dollars/year just for North America.”\n\nRecent expeditions,\n(taxpayer funded expeditions financed by NASA, of course)\nHave found evidence of valuable ores and gases on the red planet.\nNow, ALL OF A SUDDEN, there’s corporate interest!\nWhodathunkit?\n\nIs my \"***pretending to look shocked***\" face wearing out yet?\n\nSo let’s hypothesize a bit:\nCorporations here on Earth have this nasty habit of enslaving people by the millions, by putting them in a position where they have to work miserable jobs with long hours and meager if not outright pathetic pay, barely able to scratch by with a roof over their head and food on the table.\n\nBut EARTH has all sorts of ecosystems, fertile soil, and rain;\nWhich enable many members of society (particularly in rural areas,) and indigenous peoples to live off the land, earning their survival by the sweat of their brow and the toil of their own two hands.\nHunting and gathering does not require complex laws, reams of red tape, accountants, lawyers, stock market speculators, and other hominid equivalents to ticks on a dog’s ass.\nIt also does not lend itself neatly to oligarchies, monarchies, or fascism.\nEarth’s kinda great that way.\n\nMARS has none of those advantages.\nTo live on Mars, you’ll have to sign a contract with a corporation,\nBecome a directly indentured servant,\nAnd cater to the whim of shareholders back on the blue planet.\n\nMars is also lacking in due process of law, or any form of enforceable order by governing bodies back home. So the only ones capable of ensuring the stipulations of the contract are adhered to, and that your human rights are not excessively and repeatedly violated, are the very same corporate overlords who will profit the most from working you to death.\nI don’t mean metaphorically, I mean literally, to death.\nBecause there’s plenty of frozen martian soil to dispose of corpses.\nDead laborers are much less likely to strike than union laborers.\n\nIt’s not like the corporatocracy has never gotten away with it on Earth.\nIt will be SO MUCH EASIER to get away with it on Mars.\n\nAll that being said, I think going to Mars could be really neat.\nIt would be a great adventure, and a great achievement for humanity.\nThe pinnacle of our tenacious instinct to explore.\n\nBut we must put our own house in order first.\nIf we can terraform Mars, we can terraform Earth, too.\nThe only thing stopping us is greed, egomania, megalomania, and bad programming.\nGotta solve those problems before we venture out, or we’ll just end up repeating the mistakes of the past.\n\nDo you want space AIDS?\nCuz’ that’s how you get space AIDS.\n\nSources:\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ore_resources_on_Mars\nhttp://www.sciencemag.org/news/2018/06/nasa-rover-hits-organic-pay-dirt-mars\nhttps://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/mars/news/marsmethane.html",
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