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      "author": "steemitboard",
      "permlink": "steemitboard-notify-ogbuagu-20190613t221147000z",
      "title": "",
      "body": "Congratulations @ogbuagu! You received a personal award!\n\n<table><tr><td>https://steemitimages.com/70x70/http://steemitboard.com/@ogbuagu/birthday2.png</td><td>Happy Birthday! - You are on the Steem blockchain for 2 years!</td></tr></table>\n\n<sub>_You can view [your badges on your Steem Board](https://steemitboard.com/@ogbuagu) and compare to others on the [Steem Ranking](https://steemitboard.com/ranking/index.php?name=ogbuagu)_</sub>\n\n\n###### [Vote for @Steemitboard as a witness](https://v2.steemconnect.com/sign/account-witness-vote?witness=steemitboard&approve=1) to get one more award and increased upvotes!",
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      "permlink": "steemitboard-notify-ogbuagu-20180614t002615000z",
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      "body": "Congratulations @ogbuagu! You have received a personal award!\n\n[![](https://steemitimages.com/70x70/http://steemitboard.com/@ogbuagu/birthday1.png)](http://steemitboard.com/@ogbuagu)  1 Year on Steemit\n<sub>_Click on the badge to view your Board of Honor._</sub>\n\n\n**Do not miss the [last post](https://steemit.com/steemitboard/@steemitboard/steemitboard-world-cup-contest-russia-vs-saudi-arabia) from @steemitboard!**\n\n---\n**Participate in the [SteemitBoard World Cup Contest](https://steemit.com/steemitboard/@steemitboard/steemitboard-world-cup-contest-collect-badges-and-win-free-sbd)!**\nCollect World Cup badges and win free SBD\nSupport the Gold Sponsors of the contest: [@good-karma](https://v2.steemconnect.com/sign/account-witness-vote?witness=good-karma&approve=1) and [@lukestokes](https://v2.steemconnect.com/sign/account-witness-vote?witness=lukestokes.mhth&approve=1)\n\n---\n\n> Do you like [SteemitBoard's project](https://steemit.com/@steemitboard)? Then **[Vote for its witness](https://v2.steemconnect.com/sign/account-witness-vote?witness=steemitboard&approve=1)** and **get one more award**!",
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      "title": "Helping the Poor is the road to paradise",
      "body": "I have a burden of helping the poor, meeting their needs, putting smiles on their faces. everybody in this is not born equal and one thing you should understand is when opportunity like this comes your way, you need not overlook it, some people reading this will say after all what is my business in this but one thing i want you to know is that that \"If in the eyes of the world they (the poor) have little value, they are the ones who open to us the way to heaven; they are our 'passport to paradise'. For us it is an evangelical duty to care for them ...,\" he said in his homily.\n\nHe went further by saying \"God will not ask us if we felt righteous indignation, but whether we did some good,\" he said, labeling indifference as a sin of omission.\n\nI am looking for good fellows who has the fear of God in them, people God has been faithful, people that understand what it means not to have, people that has the Love of God in them, people who loves their neighbour as themselves, people that are willing to sacrifice for others with the excess God has bless them with.\n\nContact me:\n\nName: Pastor Chuks Emeka Ogbuagu\n\nMy email is : [email protected]\n\nIt is also recorded in the bible:\n\n1. Romans 12:13 Supply the needs of the saints. Extend hospitality to strangers.\n\n2. Hebrews 13:16 Do not neglect to do good and to share what you have, for such sacrifices are pleasing to God.\n\n3. Luke 3:10-11 And the people asked him, saying, What shall we do then? He answereth and saith unto them, He that hath two coats, let him impart to him that hath none; and he that hath meat, let him do likewise.\n\n4. Ephesians 4:27-28 for anger gives a foothold to the devil. If you are a thief, quit stealing. Instead, use your hands for good hard work, and then give generously to others in need.\n\n5. Matthew 5:42 Give to everyone who asks you for something. Don’t turn anyone away who wants to borrow something from you.\n\n \n\nBe generous\n\n6. Proverbs 22:9 Whoever has a bountiful eye will be blessed, for he shares his bread with the poor.\n\n7. Proverbs 19:17 The one who is gracious to the poor lends to the LORD, and the LORD will repay him for his good deed.\n\n8. Luke 6:38 Give, and it will be given to you. A large quantity, pressed together, shaken down, and running over will be put into your lap, because you’ll be evaluated by the same standard with which you evaluate others.\n\n9. Psalm 41:1-3 For the choir director: A psalm of David. Oh, the joys of those who are kind to the poor! The LORD rescues them when they are in trouble. The LORD protects them and keeps them alive. He gives them prosperity in the land and rescues them from their enemies. The LORD nurses them when they are sick and restores them to health.\n\n10. Proverbs 29:7 The righteous considereth the cause of the poor: but the wicked regardeth not to know it.\n\n11. 1 Timothy 6:17-18 Charge them that are rich in this world, that they be not highminded, nor trust in uncertain riches, but in the living God, who giveth us richly all things to enjoy; That they do good, that they be rich in good works, ready to distribute, willing to communicate.\n\n \n\nBlessed\n\n12. Psalm 112:5-7 Good comes to those who lend money generously and conduct their business fairly. Such people will not be overcome by evil. Those who are righteous will be long remembered. They do not fear bad news; they confidently trust the LORD to care for them.\n\n13. Acts 20:35 In every way I showed you that by working hard like this we should help the weak and remember the words that the Lord Jesus himself said, “It is more blessed to give than to receive.”\n\n14. Psalm 37:26 The godly always give generous loans to others, and their children are a blessing.\n\n15. Proverbs 11:25-27 The liberal soul shall be made fat: and he that watereth shall be watered also himself. He that withholdeth corn, the people shall curse him: but blessing shall be upon the head of him that selleth it. He that diligently seeketh good procureth favour: but he that seeketh mischief, it shall come unto him.\n\n16. Psalm 112:9 They have freely scattered their gifts to the poor, their righteousness endures forever; their horn will be lifted high in honor.\n\n \n\nGreedy VS Godly\n\n17. Proverbs 21:26 Some people are always greedy for more, but the godly love to give!\n\n18. Proverbs 28:27 Whoever gives to the poor will lack nothing, but those who close their eyes to poverty will be cursed.\n\n \n\nGive not with a grudging heart.\n\n19. 2 Corinthians 9:7 Each of you must give what you have decided in your heart, not with regret or under compulsion, since God loves a cheerful giver. Besides, God is able to make every blessing of yours overflow for you, so that in every situation you will always have all you need for any good work.\n\n20. Deuteronomy 15:10 Be sure to give to them without any hesitation. When you do this, the LORD your God will bless you in everything you work for and set out to do.\n\n \n\nBe kind to one another\n\n21. Galatians 5:22-23 But the Spirit produces love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, humility, and self-control. There is no law against such things as these.\n\n22. Ephesians 4:32 And be kind to one another, compassionate, forgiving one another just as God has forgiven you in the Messiah.\n\n23. Colossians 3:12 As holy people whom God has chosen and loved, be sympathetic, kind, humble, gentle, and patient.\n\nFind some few pictures of what me and my team have done in the few months.\n\n![28576478_1664622246966327_1368480055607218946_n.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmQQ7gaYAAvp7dLHuTHjUgKxdhyMsNv5tvBqyarqJTrKRk/28576478_1664622246966327_1368480055607218946_n.jpg)\n\n\nPastor Chuks.![28471726_1664622323632986_8463748576837993416_n.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmUM2SexTHBwbTQRnNiJPB1g9151qE6QQ5cgJynhKLP1nW/28471726_1664622323632986_8463748576837993416_n.jpg)![28796107_1664622390299646_5661131057279878929_n.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmYnP3ZFB2rX531xaXu73gxqM1e1HoGWHVBd8ShjN7MrPM/28796107_1664622390299646_5661131057279878929_n.jpg)",
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      "body": "Hi! I am a robot. I just upvoted you! I found similar content that readers might be interested in:\nhttp://www.rocketnews.com/2018/01/forget-bitcoin-now-dogecoin-goes-wild/",
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      "parent_permlink": "dogecoin",
      "author": "ogbuagu",
      "permlink": "forget-bitcoin-now-dogecoin-goes-wild",
      "title": "Forget Bitcoin - now Dogecoin goes wild",
      "body": "![_99504371_dogecoin_getty.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmRdiEhavGXughkJcAaDmKddYaC6xXyArSu57KGDmbbcuw/_99504371_dogecoin_getty.jpg)\n\nYou know an investment is somewhat unconventional when the Know Your Meme website is the main source of background information.\n\nBut even in the turbulent world of cryptocurrencies, Dogecoin is seen as a pretty wild creature.\n\nIt was launched in 2013, inspired by a short-lived online craze for pictures of a particular Japanese dog breed.\n\nLast weekend, however, it nearly doubled in value and is now worth more than $2bn (£1.5bn).\n\nDogecoin had been gaining steadily all through December, but the latest spike has prompted howls of \"crypto-hype\" from sceptics.\n\nGranted, it's still well behind the biggest beast in the digital currency pack, Bitcoin, which has a total value of more than $270bn.\n\nBut given that Dogecoin was initially intended as a parody of the Bitcoin boom, its founder, Jackson Palmer, is none too happy now that it has slipped its leash.\n\n\"The fact that most conversations happening in the media and between peers focus on the investment potential is worrying,\" he said earlier this month.\n\nBacking underdogs\nUntil its recent rise in value, Dogecoin was little known beyond a small coterie of geeks.\n\nBut in sporting circles, the cryptocurrency's backers have gained a reputation for some unorthodox sponsorship choices.\n\n![_99507128_bobsled_getty.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmSzojcRkioZVmfg6sYgtiLh1i4w2XEPufToT6r2beJNfo/_99507128_bobsled_getty.jpg)\n\nIn 2014, US stock car racing became a surprise beneficiary, when members of the Dogecoin community decided to give a helping hand to Nascar driver Josh Wise, donating $55,000 worth of the digital currency.\n\nThat same year, Dogecoin backers raised $25,000 to send the Jamaican bobsleigh team to the winter Olympics.\n\nSporting underdogs have clearly done well out of Dogecoin, but what about investors? Will they be barking up the wrong tree if they buy into the currency?\n\nWell, one thing to bear in mind is that dogecoins are far more numerous than bitcoins.\n\nThe rules underpinning Bitcoin say that only 21 million bitcoins can be created - and that figure is getting ever nearer. It is unclear what will happen to the value of bitcoins when that limit is reached.\n\n![_99435800_hi043518609.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmQ86g2RThBzE6LomnVNaA8AAxHteJXLg9LLXvz2Ucbs6b/_99435800_hi043518609.jpg)\n\nDogecoins are \"mined\" in the same way as bitcoins - that is, they are created using computer processing power.\n\nHowever, unlike Bitcoin, there is no upper limit on the number of dogecoins that can be produced, with a staggering 100 billion already in existence.\n\nThat helps to explain why each dogecoin is currently worth less than two US cents, while Bitcoin's peak value to date was nearly $20,000.\n\n'Little confidence'\nCommon sense tells us that scarce commodities are more likely to hold their value than plentiful ones.\n\nBut in the world of cryptocurrencies, common sense is perhaps a poor guide to future behaviour.\n\nAnd in the world of economic experts, there is still widespread scepticism about any and every form of cryptocurrency.\n\nProf Ethan Ilzetzki at the London School of Economics told the BBC: \"A digital unit of currency has no intrinsic value unless it can be used in transactions, and I cannot name a single cryptocurrency that is more useful in transactions than a credit card that's denominated in dollars or pounds or yen.\n\n\"There's nothing inherently wrong with privately provided digital currencies, but they need to be well designed and well thought out.\n\n\"They're worth a lot because people say they're worth a lot. I have very little confidence that they have any long-term value.\"",
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      "body": "Racism in Europe\n\n\"Europe has a regional human rights architecture which is unrivaled elsewhere in the world\", Amnesty International notes in their 2010 report on the Europe and Central Asia region. But the human rights watchdog also adds that as well as guarding a proud reputation as a beacon of human rights, \"it is sadly still the case, however, that the reality of protection from human rights abuses for many of those within its borders falls short of the rhetoric.\" In recent years, one of those forms of abuses has been in the area of race, often growing with changing economic circumstances and increased immigration to the region.\n\nFrom the institutionalized racism especially in colonial times, when racial beliefs — even eugenics — were not considered something wrong, to recent times where the effects of neo-Nazism is still felt, Europe is a complex area with many cultures in a relatively small area of land that has seen many conflicts throughout history. (Many of these conflicts have had trade, resources and commercial rivalry at their core, but national identities have often added fuel to some of these conflicts.)\n\nRacism has also been used to justify exploitation, even using \"pseudo-science\":\n\n    Debates over the origins of racism often suffer from a lack of clarity over the term. Many conflate recent forms of racism with earlier forms of ethnic and national conflict. In most cases ethno-national conflict seems to owe to conflict over land and strategic resources. In some cases ethnicity and nationalism were harnessed to wars between great religious empires (for example, the Muslim Turks and the Catholic Austro-Hungarians). As Benedict Anderson has suggested in Imagined Communities, ethnic identity and ethno-nationalism became a source of conflict within such empires with the rise of print-capitalism.\n\n    In its modern form, racism evolved in tandem with European exploration and conquest of much of the rest of the world, and especially after Christopher Columbus reached the Americas. As new peoples were encountered, fought, and ultimately subdued, theories about \"race\" began to develop, and these helped many to justify the differences in position and treatment of people whom they categorized as belonging to different races (see Eric Wolf’s Europe and the People Without History).\n\n    Another possible source of racism is the misunderstanding of Charles Darwin’s theories of evolution. Some took Darwin’s theories to imply that since some \"races\" were more civilized, there must be a biological basis for the difference. At the same time they appealed to biological theories of moral and intellectual traits to justify racial oppression. There is a great deal of controversy about race and intelligence, in part because the concepts of both race and IQ are themselves controversial.\n\nRacism, Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, May 1, 2004\n\n\nIn \"the century of total war\", and the new millenium, Europe is seeing an alarming resurgence in xenophobia and racial hatred.\n\nA short review from the Inter Press Service highlights the rise of neo-Nazism in 2000 in Europe and suggests that \"far from being a fringe activity, racism, violence and neo-nationalism have become normal in some communities. The problems need to tackled much earlier, in schools and with social programmes.\"\n\nEthnic minorities and different cultures in one country can often be used as a scapegoat for the majority during times of economic crisis. That is one reason why Nazism became so popular.\n\nIn France, May 2002, the success of far right politician Le Pen in the run for leadership (though he lost out in the end) sent a huge shockwave throughout Europe, about how easy it was for far right parties to come close to getting power if there is complacency in the democratic processes and if participation is reduced.\n\nIn various places throughout Western Europe, in 2002, as Amnesty International highlights, there has been a rise in racist attacks and sentiments against both Arabs and Jews, in light of the increasing hostilities in the Middle East.\n\nEarlier in 1998, in an area of Germany a right wing racist party won an unprecedented number of votes.\n\nIn Austria, the Freedom Party was able to secure the majority of the cabinet posts. The party is an extreme far right party, whose leader, Jorg Heider, has been accused of sympathetic statements towards the Nazis. The European Union has reacted to this indicating that Austria’s participation may be in jeopardy. This Guardian Special Report has much more in-depth coverage.\n\nIn Italy, there are attempts to try and deal with the rise in undocumented immigrants from Tunisia. The reactions from the right wing have been labeled by some as being \"openly racist\".\n\nInto 2010 and problems of racism in Italy continue. For example, a wave of violence against African farm workers in southern Italy left some 70 people injured. This resulted in police having to evacuate over 300 workers from the region. The workers were easy targets being exploited as fruit pickers living in difficult conditions. They earn \"starvation wages\" according to a BBC reporter, doing \"backbreaking work which Italians do not want\" in a labor market controlled by the local mafia.\n\nSpain has seen increased racial violence. The growing economy invites immigrants from North African countries such as Morocco. However, the poor conditions that immigrants have had to endure and the already racially charged region has led to friction and confrontations.\n\nIn 1997, Human Rights Watch noted that, \"The U.K. has one of the highest levels of racially-motivated violence and harassment in Western Europe, and the problem is getting worse.\" In April 1999, London saw two bombs explode in predominantly ethnic minority areas, in the space of one week, where a Nazi group has claimed responsibility. The summer of 2001 saw many race-related riots in various parts of northern England.\n\nFor over a decade, immigration issues have been headlines in the UK. The nature of the discussions bear a clear racial dimension as well as hostility to Eastern Europeans, such as those from Poland. Anti-immigrant rhetoric has also contributed to increasing interest in racist political parties such as the British National Party. This also, predictably, has increased as the global financial crisis impacts more of Britain’s population.\n\nAnti immigration sentiment has also been seen in Switzerland as the country has repeatedly tightened its asylum policy due to concerns about increasing numbers of illegal migrants.\n\nGreece has one of the worst records in the European Union for racism against ethnic minorities, according to the BBC. Anti-immigrant sentiment has long been high, especially against ethnic Albanians, who form the largest minority. Until the 1990s, the BBC notes, Greece had been an extremely homogenous society. With the fall of communism many immigrants from Eastern Europe came to Greece. Albanians especially have been targetted by a lot of racist sentiment. Some hostage taking by a few Albanians in recent years has not helped the situation.\n\nRussia has seen violent anti-racism on the rise in recent years together with the rise of neo-Nazism (which is a cruel irony given the immense death toll the Soviet Union suffered at the hands of Nazi Germany during World War II). Although the previous report is from 2006, Amnesty International’s 2010 report shows that despite greater recognition of the problem, effective programs to tackle the issue still do not exist.\n\nSo far, the above represents an incredibly tiny number of examples and details. Many, many more events haven’t been mentioned, as it is admittedly difficult to keep up with all the different items. For more details and up-to-date information, one web site to check out the UK-based Institute of Race Relations and their subsection attempting to document the rising support for the extreme-Right in local and central government in Europe, building on a platform of populist anti-immigrant policies.\n\nRacism in Australia\n\n    In 1987, a sensational \"discovery\" was made by a Sydney University team, led by Australia’s most celebrated pre-historian, Professor D J Mulvaney. They reported that the Australian population in 1788 was 750,000, or three times the previous estimate. They concluded that more than 600,000 people had died as result of white settlement.\n\nJohn Pilger, Cathy Freeman’s broad Olympic smile is being used to conceal a multitude of Australia’s original sins, July 10, 2000\n\nIn June 1998, One Nation, an Australian nationalist party in Queensland won 25 percent of the votes with their main lines at fighting immigration by non-whites. This was made possible where unemployment was been high and where it was easy to convince the people that immigrants were taking their jobs, as it would serve to be a convenient excuse and avenue to vent frustration. In a speech the party leader said that Australia was \"in danger of being swamped\" by Asians and she also questioned the special welfare benefits for Australia’s Aborigines. The reaction to that meant the same party won only 6 percent of the votes two months later, in the State elections.\n\nAustralia has also had a very racist past in which apartheid has been practiced and where indigenous Aboriginal people have lost almost all their land and suffered many prejudices. In the past, the notorious policy that led to the Stolen Generation was practiced. This was the institutionalized attempt to prevent Aboriginal children (and thus future generations) from being socialized into Aboriginal culture. (This also occurred in various parts of the Americas too.)\n\nAborigines are the poorest group in Australia and suffer from very much preventable diseases. For more about these issues, you can start at these harrowing reports from John Pilger a prominent Australian journalist who has been critical of many western policies.\n\nThe Sydney 2000 Olympics also brought some of Australia’s racist past and present to the fore. (On the positive side, many parts of Australia’s rich diversity in people is slowly helping relieve prejudism. However, some more traditional and conservative politicians are still openly racist.)\n\nIn 2008, a study found that Australians in general are welcoming of diversity but some 1 in 10 Australians still hold racist views — a ratio likely to be less than in some European countries, but still high the lead researcher noted. Muslims were most feared or loathed for \"not belonging\", and followed by indigenous Australians and Africans.\n\nIn 2009 and 2010, there were increasing racist attacks against Indians with many Indians in Melbourne fearing racist attacks and lynchings were increasing. It even led to the Indian government issuing an advisory warning about the dangers of traveling to Melbourne.\n\nBack to top\nRacism in Africa\n\nA number of nations in Africa are at war or civil war, or have been very recently, just few years after they have gained their independence from former colonial countries.\n\nWhile most of the conflicts have resources at their core and involve a number of non-African nations and corporations, additional fuel is added to the conflict by stirring up ethnic differences and enticing hatred. (Also not that the artificial boundaries imposed in Africa by European colonialism and imperialism during the divide and rule policies has further exacerbated this situation and plays an enormous role in the root causes of these conflicts compared to what mainstream media presents.)\n\nIn Zimbabwe, there has been increasing racism against the white farmers, due to poverty and lack of land ownership by Africans.\n\nSouth Africa until recently suffered from Apartheid, which legally segregated the African population from the Europeans.\n\nFor more about conflicts in Africa, check out this site’s section on Africa.\n\nBack to top\nRacism in the Middle East\n\nIn a number of countries in the Middle East, discriminatory practice has been commonplace, mostly against foreign workers who work in low wage conditions, such as domestic workers. Reports of taking away foreign worker’s passports and treating them as second class citizens are unfortunately commonplace.\n\nInter Press Service (IPS) describes how Lebanon has these discrimination problems even though it is often considered relatively open compared to its neighbors, due to freedoms enjoyed by women. For example, people of color face discrimination at work and away from work, often not allowed at some beaches or clubs, or allowed with various restrictions. In addition, property rights are severely curtailed, even for Palestinians who are the same race, but not nationals.\n\nWorsening discrimination in recent months seen at various beaches in Lebanon was \"symptomatic of the widespread racism that exists in Lebanon\" says Ali Fakhri, communication director at Indyact, a Lebanese NGO finding that all of the 20 beaches investigated barred domestic workers from Asia and Africa from using their facilities. Fakhri also feels that the culture of discrimination is socially accepted in Lebanon, and is seen in the government and private sector as well as among individuals, according to IPS and the discrimination/racism does not only target people of color, but is also class oriented and sectarian.\n\nHighlighting the effects a legal system can have on culture, a lawyer also interviewed by IPS notes that \"The Lebanese constitution states that all Lebanese are equal in the eyes of the law, but no mention is made of the rights of foreigners.\" In the absence of a unified civil law, such discrimination will continue she adds: \"The Lebanese legal system follows different rules of law that vary from one community to the other. It is a situation that naturally leads to inequality among people.\"\n\nAs well as these cultural practices, there has also been a geopolitical dimension:\n\nFor a long time there has been resentment by many in the Middle East at the policies of America in their region. For many of the more extremist factions, this has turned into a form of racism as well, where many things that are Western are hated or despised.\n\nThe situation of Palestine and Israel is also very contentious. While Arabs and Jews technically do not belong to different races, their religious and cultural differences and the political history of the region has contributed to extremities and tensions — by perhaps a minority, but perhaps an influential and often vocal and violent minority — resulting in prejudice on both sides.\n\nWith the terrible acts of terrorism committed by terrorists in America, on September 11, 2001, there has additionally been an outpouring of violent racial hatred by a minority of people in Western countries against people that look Middle Eastern (some who are not Middle Eastern, such as Indians, have even been beaten or killed). Furthermore, with the American-led attacks in Afghanistan in retaliation for those terrorist attacks, from Egypt to Pakistan, there have been minorities of people who have protested violently in the streets, and also committed racist acts, attacking anything that appears Western, from Western citizens, to even UNICEF and other UN buildings.\n\nYet, this is more complex than just a clash of religions and race, as deeper an issue is the geopolitical and economic activities of the past decades and centuries that have fueled these social tensions. See this web site’s section on the Middle East for more on that.\n\nBack to top\nRacism in Asia\n\nIn Cambodia, there has been a strong anti-Vietnamese sentiment.\n\nIn Indonesia there has been a lot of violence against the affluent Chinese population who have been blamed for economic problems that have plagued the country in recent years.\n\nAs noted by Wikipedia in an article on racism, \"until 2003, Malaysia enforced discriminatory laws limiting access to university education for Chinese students who are citizens by birth of Malaysia, and many other laws explicitly favoring bumiputras (Malays) remain in force.\"\n\nIn India, there has long been discrimination against what is considered the lowest class in Hinduism, the Dalits, or untouchables, as well as sectarian and religious violence. Although it has been outlawed by the Indian Constitution, the caste system was a way to structure inequality into the system itself. And while outlawed, the social barriers it creates is still prevalent in rural areas where most Indians live. It also features in the view of Hindu extremists and traditionalists.\n\nAt various times, there have also been tensions between different religious groups, such as Hindus and Muslims with both sides having their fair share of extremists. While this is not racism, technically — as people of all classes are of the same race — the prejudice that had come with the caste system is quite similar to what is seen with racism.\n\nBack to top\nRacism in North America\n\nA report from Survival International about the plight of the Innu people in Canada also reveals how racism can be a factor. In the words of the authors, the \"report reveals how racist government policies, under the guise of benevolent \"progress\", have crippled the Innu of eastern Canada — a once self-sufficient and independent people.\" (While this report is about the problems of an indigenous people in Canada, it is a common story throughout history for many peoples and cultures.)\n\nIn the US, racism is a well known issue. From racial profiling to other issues such as affirmative action, police brutality against minorities and the history of slavery and the rising resentment against immigrants.\n\nThe American Anthropological Association produced a short video providing an overview of how prevailing ideas in science, government and culture intersected throughout history to shape American concept of race today:\n\n\nhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=No5ai6LZLFg&feature=youtu.be\n\nGet free updates via\n\n    Email\n    Web/RSS Feed\n    Facebook\n    Twitter\n\nMain menu:\n\n    Home\n    About\n    Issues\n    World News\n    Support\n    Contact\n\nYou are here:\n\n    Home\n    Issues\n    Human Rights Issues\n    Racism\n\nRacism\nAuthor and Page information\n\n    by Anup Shah\n    This Page Last Updated Sunday, August 08, 2010\n\nImage © Understanding Race Racism is the belief that characteristics and abilities can be attributed to people simply on the basis of their race and that some racial groups are superior to others. Racism and discrimination have been used as powerful weapons encouraging fear or hatred of others in times of conflict and war, and even during economic downturns.\n\nIn a short introductory video the Understanding Race project from the American Anthropological Association says race is a powerful idea and an enduring concept, invented by society. It has also fostered inequality and discrimination for centuries, as well as influencing how we relate to other human beings:\nRace: Are We So Different, Understanding Race, American Anthropological Association (AAA), July 8, 2009\nOn this page:\n\n    Racism in Europe\n    Racism in Australia\n    Racism in Africa\n    Racism in the Middle East\n    Racism in Asia\n    Racism in North America\n    The Lure of Adolph Hitler and neo-Nazism\n    Racism against Gypsies\n    Immigration\n    The Internet and Racism\n    Globalization and Racism\n    UN’s World Conference on Racism, 2001\n\nRacism in Europe\n\n\"Europe has a regional human rights architecture which is unrivaled elsewhere in the world\", Amnesty International notes in their 2010 report on the Europe and Central Asia region. But the human rights watchdog also adds that as well as guarding a proud reputation as a beacon of human rights, \"it is sadly still the case, however, that the reality of protection from human rights abuses for many of those within its borders falls short of the rhetoric.\" In recent years, one of those forms of abuses has been in the area of race, often growing with changing economic circumstances and increased immigration to the region.\n\nFrom the institutionalized racism especially in colonial times, when racial beliefs — even eugenics — were not considered something wrong, to recent times where the effects of neo-Nazism is still felt, Europe is a complex area with many cultures in a relatively small area of land that has seen many conflicts throughout history. (Many of these conflicts have had trade, resources and commercial rivalry at their core, but national identities have often added fuel to some of these conflicts.)\n\nRacism has also been used to justify exploitation, even using \"pseudo-science\":\n\n    Debates over the origins of racism often suffer from a lack of clarity over the term. Many conflate recent forms of racism with earlier forms of ethnic and national conflict. In most cases ethno-national conflict seems to owe to conflict over land and strategic resources. In some cases ethnicity and nationalism were harnessed to wars between great religious empires (for example, the Muslim Turks and the Catholic Austro-Hungarians). As Benedict Anderson has suggested in Imagined Communities, ethnic identity and ethno-nationalism became a source of conflict within such empires with the rise of print-capitalism.\n\n    In its modern form, racism evolved in tandem with European exploration and conquest of much of the rest of the world, and especially after Christopher Columbus reached the Americas. As new peoples were encountered, fought, and ultimately subdued, theories about \"race\" began to develop, and these helped many to justify the differences in position and treatment of people whom they categorized as belonging to different races (see Eric Wolf’s Europe and the People Without History).\n\n    Another possible source of racism is the misunderstanding of Charles Darwin’s theories of evolution. Some took Darwin’s theories to imply that since some \"races\" were more civilized, there must be a biological basis for the difference. At the same time they appealed to biological theories of moral and intellectual traits to justify racial oppression. There is a great deal of controversy about race and intelligence, in part because the concepts of both race and IQ are themselves controversial.\n\nRacism, Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, May 1, 2004\n\nIn \"the century of total war\", and the new millenium, Europe is seeing an alarming resurgence in xenophobia and racial hatred.\n\nA short review from the Inter Press Service highlights the rise of neo-Nazism in 2000 in Europe and suggests that \"far from being a fringe activity, racism, violence and neo-nationalism have become normal in some communities. The problems need to tackled much earlier, in schools and with social programmes.\"\n\nEthnic minorities and different cultures in one country can often be used as a scapegoat for the majority during times of economic crisis. That is one reason why Nazism became so popular.\n\nIn France, May 2002, the success of far right politician Le Pen in the run for leadership (though he lost out in the end) sent a huge shockwave throughout Europe, about how easy it was for far right parties to come close to getting power if there is complacency in the democratic processes and if participation is reduced.\n\nIn various places throughout Western Europe, in 2002, as Amnesty International highlights, there has been a rise in racist attacks and sentiments against both Arabs and Jews, in light of the increasing hostilities in the Middle East.\n\nEarlier in 1998, in an area of Germany a right wing racist party won an unprecedented number of votes.\n\nIn Austria, the Freedom Party was able to secure the majority of the cabinet posts. The party is an extreme far right party, whose leader, Jorg Heider, has been accused of sympathetic statements towards the Nazis. The European Union has reacted to this indicating that Austria’s participation may be in jeopardy. This Guardian Special Report has much more in-depth coverage.\n\nIn Italy, there are attempts to try and deal with the rise in undocumented immigrants from Tunisia. The reactions from the right wing have been labeled by some as being \"openly racist\".\n\nInto 2010 and problems of racism in Italy continue. For example, a wave of violence against African farm workers in southern Italy left some 70 people injured. This resulted in police having to evacuate over 300 workers from the region. The workers were easy targets being exploited as fruit pickers living in difficult conditions. They earn \"starvation wages\" according to a BBC reporter, doing \"backbreaking work which Italians do not want\" in a labor market controlled by the local mafia.\n\nSpain has seen increased racial violence. The growing economy invites immigrants from North African countries such as Morocco. However, the poor conditions that immigrants have had to endure and the already racially charged region has led to friction and confrontations.\n\nIn 1997, Human Rights Watch noted that, \"The U.K. has one of the highest levels of racially-motivated violence and harassment in Western Europe, and the problem is getting worse.\" In April 1999, London saw two bombs explode in predominantly ethnic minority areas, in the space of one week, where a Nazi group has claimed responsibility. The summer of 2001 saw many race-related riots in various parts of northern England.\n\nFor over a decade, immigration issues have been headlines in the UK. The nature of the discussions bear a clear racial dimension as well as hostility to Eastern Europeans, such as those from Poland. Anti-immigrant rhetoric has also contributed to increasing interest in racist political parties such as the British National Party. This also, predictably, has increased as the global financial crisis impacts more of Britain’s population.\n\nAnti immigration sentiment has also been seen in Switzerland as the country has repeatedly tightened its asylum policy due to concerns about increasing numbers of illegal migrants.\n\nGreece has one of the worst records in the European Union for racism against ethnic minorities, according to the BBC. Anti-immigrant sentiment has long been high, especially against ethnic Albanians, who form the largest minority. Until the 1990s, the BBC notes, Greece had been an extremely homogenous society. With the fall of communism many immigrants from Eastern Europe came to Greece. Albanians especially have been targetted by a lot of racist sentiment. Some hostage taking by a few Albanians in recent years has not helped the situation.\n\nRussia has seen violent anti-racism on the rise in recent years together with the rise of neo-Nazism (which is a cruel irony given the immense death toll the Soviet Union suffered at the hands of Nazi Germany during World War II). Although the previous report is from 2006, Amnesty International’s 2010 report shows that despite greater recognition of the problem, effective programs to tackle the issue still do not exist.\n\nSo far, the above represents an incredibly tiny number of examples and details. Many, many more events haven’t been mentioned, as it is admittedly difficult to keep up with all the different items. For more details and up-to-date information, one web site to check out the UK-based Institute of Race Relations and their subsection attempting to document the rising support for the extreme-Right in local and central government in Europe, building on a platform of populist anti-immigrant policies.\n\nBack to top\nRacism in Australia\n\n    In 1987, a sensational \"discovery\" was made by a Sydney University team, led by Australia’s most celebrated pre-historian, Professor D J Mulvaney. They reported that the Australian population in 1788 was 750,000, or three times the previous estimate. They concluded that more than 600,000 people had died as result of white settlement.\n\nJohn Pilger, Cathy Freeman’s broad Olympic smile is being used to conceal a multitude of Australia’s original sins, July 10, 2000\n\nIn June 1998, One Nation, an Australian nationalist party in Queensland won 25 percent of the votes with their main lines at fighting immigration by non-whites. This was made possible where unemployment was been high and where it was easy to convince the people that immigrants were taking their jobs, as it would serve to be a convenient excuse and avenue to vent frustration. In a speech the party leader said that Australia was \"in danger of being swamped\" by Asians and she also questioned the special welfare benefits for Australia’s Aborigines. The reaction to that meant the same party won only 6 percent of the votes two months later, in the State elections.\n\nAustralia has also had a very racist past in which apartheid has been practiced and where indigenous Aboriginal people have lost almost all their land and suffered many prejudices. In the past, the notorious policy that led to the Stolen Generation was practiced. This was the institutionalized attempt to prevent Aboriginal children (and thus future generations) from being socialized into Aboriginal culture. (This also occurred in various parts of the Americas too.)\n\nAborigines are the poorest group in Australia and suffer from very much preventable diseases. For more about these issues, you can start at these harrowing reports from John Pilger a prominent Australian journalist who has been critical of many western policies.\n\nThe Sydney 2000 Olympics also brought some of Australia’s racist past and present to the fore. (On the positive side, many parts of Australia’s rich diversity in people is slowly helping relieve prejudism. However, some more traditional and conservative politicians are still openly racist.)\n\nIn 2008, a study found that Australians in general are welcoming of diversity but some 1 in 10 Australians still hold racist views — a ratio likely to be less than in some European countries, but still high the lead researcher noted. Muslims were most feared or loathed for \"not belonging\", and followed by indigenous Australians and Africans.\n\nIn 2009 and 2010, there were increasing racist attacks against Indians with many Indians in Melbourne fearing racist attacks and lynchings were increasing. It even led to the Indian government issuing an advisory warning about the dangers of traveling to Melbourne.\n\nBack to top\nRacism in Africa\n\nA number of nations in Africa are at war or civil war, or have been very recently, just few years after they have gained their independence from former colonial countries.\n\nWhile most of the conflicts have resources at their core and involve a number of non-African nations and corporations, additional fuel is added to the conflict by stirring up ethnic differences and enticing hatred. (Also not that the artificial boundaries imposed in Africa by European colonialism and imperialism during the divide and rule policies has further exacerbated this situation and plays an enormous role in the root causes of these conflicts compared to what mainstream media presents.)\n\nIn Zimbabwe, there has been increasing racism against the white farmers, due to poverty and lack of land ownership by Africans.\n\nSouth Africa until recently suffered from Apartheid, which legally segregated the African population from the Europeans.\n\nFor more about conflicts in Africa, check out this site’s section on Africa.\n\nBack to top\nRacism in the Middle East\n\nIn a number of countries in the Middle East, discriminatory practice has been commonplace, mostly against foreign workers who work in low wage conditions, such as domestic workers. Reports of taking away foreign worker’s passports and treating them as second class citizens are unfortunately commonplace.\n\nInter Press Service (IPS) describes how Lebanon has these discrimination problems even though it is often considered relatively open compared to its neighbors, due to freedoms enjoyed by women. For example, people of color face discrimination at work and away from work, often not allowed at some beaches or clubs, or allowed with various restrictions. In addition, property rights are severely curtailed, even for Palestinians who are the same race, but not nationals.\n\nWorsening discrimination in recent months seen at various beaches in Lebanon was \"symptomatic of the widespread racism that exists in Lebanon\" says Ali Fakhri, communication director at Indyact, a Lebanese NGO finding that all of the 20 beaches investigated barred domestic workers from Asia and Africa from using their facilities. Fakhri also feels that the culture of discrimination is socially accepted in Lebanon, and is seen in the government and private sector as well as among individuals, according to IPS and the discrimination/racism does not only target people of color, but is also class oriented and sectarian.\n\nHighlighting the effects a legal system can have on culture, a lawyer also interviewed by IPS notes that \"The Lebanese constitution states that all Lebanese are equal in the eyes of the law, but no mention is made of the rights of foreigners.\" In the absence of a unified civil law, such discrimination will continue she adds: \"The Lebanese legal system follows different rules of law that vary from one community to the other. It is a situation that naturally leads to inequality among people.\"\n\nAs well as these cultural practices, there has also been a geopolitical dimension:\n\nFor a long time there has been resentment by many in the Middle East at the policies of America in their region. For many of the more extremist factions, this has turned into a form of racism as well, where many things that are Western are hated or despised.\n\nThe situation of Palestine and Israel is also very contentious. While Arabs and Jews technically do not belong to different races, their religious and cultural differences and the political history of the region has contributed to extremities and tensions — by perhaps a minority, but perhaps an influential and often vocal and violent minority — resulting in prejudice on both sides.\n\nWith the terrible acts of terrorism committed by terrorists in America, on September 11, 2001, there has additionally been an outpouring of violent racial hatred by a minority of people in Western countries against people that look Middle Eastern (some who are not Middle Eastern, such as Indians, have even been beaten or killed). Furthermore, with the American-led attacks in Afghanistan in retaliation for those terrorist attacks, from Egypt to Pakistan, there have been minorities of people who have protested violently in the streets, and also committed racist acts, attacking anything that appears Western, from Western citizens, to even UNICEF and other UN buildings.\n\nYet, this is more complex than just a clash of religions and race, as deeper an issue is the geopolitical and economic activities of the past decades and centuries that have fueled these social tensions. See this web site’s section on the Middle East for more on that.\n\nBack to top\nRacism in Asia\n\nIn Cambodia, there has been a strong anti-Vietnamese sentiment.\n\nIn Indonesia there has been a lot of violence against the affluent Chinese population who have been blamed for economic problems that have plagued the country in recent years.\n\nAs noted by Wikipedia in an article on racism, \"until 2003, Malaysia enforced discriminatory laws limiting access to university education for Chinese students who are citizens by birth of Malaysia, and many other laws explicitly favoring bumiputras (Malays) remain in force.\"\n\nIn India, there has long been discrimination against what is considered the lowest class in Hinduism, the Dalits, or untouchables, as well as sectarian and religious violence. Although it has been outlawed by the Indian Constitution, the caste system was a way to structure inequality into the system itself. And while outlawed, the social barriers it creates is still prevalent in rural areas where most Indians live. It also features in the view of Hindu extremists and traditionalists.\n\nAt various times, there have also been tensions between different religious groups, such as Hindus and Muslims with both sides having their fair share of extremists. While this is not racism, technically — as people of all classes are of the same race — the prejudice that had come with the caste system is quite similar to what is seen with racism.\n\nBack to top\nRacism in North America\n\nA report from Survival International about the plight of the Innu people in Canada also reveals how racism can be a factor. In the words of the authors, the \"report reveals how racist government policies, under the guise of benevolent \"progress\", have crippled the Innu of eastern Canada — a once self-sufficient and independent people.\" (While this report is about the problems of an indigenous people in Canada, it is a common story throughout history for many peoples and cultures.)\n\nIn the US, racism is a well known issue. From racial profiling to other issues such as affirmative action, police brutality against minorities and the history of slavery and the rising resentment against immigrants.\n\nThe American Anthropological Association produced a short video providing an overview of how prevailing ideas in science, government and culture intersected throughout history to shape American concept of race today:\nThe Story of Race, Understanding Race, American Anthropological Association, July 13, 2009\n\nSince the horrific terrorist attacks on the United States on September 11, 2001, Security concerns have understandably increased, but so too has racial profiling, discrimination etc. In the early aftermath of the attacks some Americans that were understandably outraged and horrified, even attacked some members of the Sikh community where at least one was even killed, because they resembled certain types of Muslims, with beards and turbans. Various people of Middle East or South Asian origin have faced controversial detentions or questionings by officials at American airports. This web site’s section on the war against terror has more details on these aspects.\n\nIt was a historic moment for America when they voted in their first black president, Barack Obama, given America’s history. Yet, it seems that some of his policies have met with near hysterical opposition (his attempt to push a somewhat more inclusive health system has been decried as socialist, or even communist, for example).\n\nOne can’t help but see the increasing criticism from right wing segments having a racist, almost coordinated, undertone to it. He is Christian, although his middle name is Hussein, which right wingers have used to claim he is Muslim, anti-Christ and so on, which further fuels racial and discriminatory sentiments.\n\nLeonard Zeskind, head of the Institute for Research and Education on Human Rights, pointed out that the anti-Obama \"opposition\" contains many different political elements:\n\n    [Elements of anti-Obama opposition] include ultra-conservative Republicans of both the Pat Buchanan and free market variety; anti-tax Tea Party libertarians from the Ron Paul camp; Christian right activists intent on re-molding the country into their kind of Kingdom; birth certificate conspiracy theorists, anti-immigrant nativists of the armed Minuteman and the policy wonk variety; third party \"constitutionalists\"; and white nationalists of both the citizens councils and the Stormfront national socialist variety.\n\nBill Berkowitz, US: White Supremacists Crash Anti-Obama Tea Party, Inter Press Service, December 22, 2009\n\nBack to top\nThe Lure of Adolph Hitler and neo-Nazism\n\nIt seems that many people who join supremacist groups do so at a young age, and a lot of recruiting by these various hate groups are targeted at children. A reformed skinhead adds how easy it can be for some people, to be recruited into these groups, especially children.\n\nOn the anniversary of Adolph Hitler’s birthday in April 1999, a planned killing spree at the now infamous Columbine High School in America by two children claimed the lives of many fellow school mates. It is reported that they were targeting ethnic minorities and were involved in some Nazi related activities.\nSide Note»\n\nIn USA, the Oklahoma City bombing in 1995 (incidentally, the day before the birthday of Adolph Hitler) triggered anti-Muslim sentiments, even though it was not an Islamic group at all. The previous link reports that there was a 60% increase in discrimination of Muslims in the USA.\n\nAnd during the week of Adolf Hitler’s birthday, in 1999, neo-Nazi groups were suspected of planting two nail bombs that exploded in predominantly ethnic minority areas of London. The following week, a gay bar in London’s Soho area was also bombed killing at least 3 people. The fact that the Stephen Lawrence case, which, in UK is one of the perhaps most infamous on-going cases of racism in the police force and has received much attention at the time of this bombing could be more than coincidence.\n\nBack to top\nRacism against Gypsies\n\nOne group of people that often go unnoticed when it comes to racism and discrimination are Gypsies. In Europe they have been persecuted to a similar extent as the Jews throughout history, including World War II and even now they are largely mistreated or ignored.\n\nBack to top\nImmigration\n\nPlease note that this section has moved into its own page, immigration.\n\nBack to top\nThe Internet and Racism\n\nAnd while the World Wide Web is a great proponent for the ideals of free speech, it can also be a breeding ground harboring hatred. This is very serious as the number of hate sites that have sprung up in the recent years is shocking and also increasing at an alarming rate.\n\nThere has been much talk of Internet sites hosting hate material. Some groups such as HateWatch have gone as far as buying racist domain names so that real racists cannot buy these domains themselves!\n\nFor more about the Internet and free speech, check out this site’s section on human rights and the Internet. It has some useful links to additional sites and material.\n\nBack to top\nGlobalization and Racism\n\nAs globalization in its current form expands, so too does the inequality that accompanies it, as discussed throughout the Trade, Economy, & Related Issues section on this web site. Rising inequality can result in an increase in racial bias for scapegoating or advancing xenophobic and isolationist tendencies.\n\nDuring French and British Imperial days for example, racial bias was ingrained within the culture itself (as explored in great detail by Edward Said, in his books such as Orientalism (Vintage Books, 1979) and Culture & Imperialism (Vintage Books, 1993)). However, an element of this is also seen in today’s period of globalization, with what A. Sivanandan describes as the increasing \"xenophobic culture of globalisation\" seen in some parts of the world:\n\n    Racism has always been both an instrument of discrimination and a tool of exploitation. But it manifests itself as a cultural phenomenon, susceptible to cultural solutions, such as multicultural education and the promotion of ethnic identities.\n\n    Tackling the problem of cultural inequality, however, does not by itself redress the problem of economic inequality. Racism is conditioned by economic imperatives, but negotiated through culture: religion, literature, art, science and the media.\n\n    ... Once, they demonised the blacks to justify slavery. Then they demonised the \"coloureds\" to justify colonialism. Today, they demonise asylum seekers to justify the ways of globalism. And, in the age of the media, of spin, demonisation sets out the parameters of popular culture within which such exclusion finds its own rationale — usually under the guise of xenophobia, the fear of strangers.\n\nA. Sivanandan, Poverty is the new black, The Guardian, August 17, 2001\n\nWith expanding globalization, the demands for more skilled workers, especially in North America, Europe and elsewhere (while they cut back on education spending themselves, little by little), has led to increased efforts to attract foreign workers — but filtered, based on skill. At the same time, this increases resentment by those in those nations who are not benefitting from globalization.\n\nAdditionally, those trying to escape authoritarian regimes etc are finding it harder and harder to get into these countries, due to tighter immigration policies. Hence it is harder to immigrate to the wealthier nations unless, says Liz Fekete, \"these citizens are part of the chosen few: highly-skilled computer wizards, doctors and nurses trained at Third World expense and sought after by the West. Global migration management strategy saps the Third World and the former Soviet bloc of its economic lifeblood, by creaming off their most skilled and educated workforces.\" From the perspective of globalization, Liz continues, \"the skills pool, not the genes pool, is key.\"\n\nImmigrants face numerous criticisms and challenges; It is difficult enough often, to get into another nation as mentioned above. If one succeeds, then additional struggles (some to naturally be expected, of course) are faced:\n\n    Living in a new country can be daunting, especially when the cultural differences are great.\n    As a result it can be expected that an immigrant would try to maintain some semblance of their own culture in their new country of stay.\n    Or, due to fears of racism or due to the culture shock it would be expected that immigrant communities would form as a way to deal with this and as a means to help each other through.\n    By doing this, sometimes they face criticism of not integrating and of \"sticking with their own kind\";\n    Yet, on the other hand, if they do integrate in some way, they face critique from certain types of environmentalists and others of contributing to environmental degradation by increasing their consumption to the high levels typical of the host nation.\n        (And if environmental degradation is the concern, then it would make sense that one of the main issues at hand to address would be the consumption itself and its roots, regardless of who is doing it — in this context\n        That is, if the host nation had different modes of consumptions, immigrants would likely follow those too.\n        Hence, singling out immigrants for being a factor in environmental degradation is often unfair, and itself hints of prejudice and of attitudes — intentional or not — almost like \"stay out; we want to maintain and not share our lifestyle and standards of living; we recognize it is wasteful but if not too many are doing it, then it is ok\" etc.)\n        For more about these issues of resource consumption, blaming the poor and immigrants etc, see this web site’s section debating population and consumption issues.\n\nBack to top\nUN’s World Conference on Racism, 2001\n\nA UN Global Conference to discuss racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance was held from 31st August to 7 September 2001.\n\nWhile it was brave enough for the United Nations to attempt to hold such a meeting, it proved to be a heated challenge. While all nations are good at being critical of others (and often very accurately, although often not!), when it comes to one’s own criticisms, most would be uncomfortable to say the least. As an example:\n\n    United States and Europe were against effective discussions of slavery reparations (and sent in only low-level delegates — a possible sign on how they really feel about this conference, and what it is about)\n    Israel and United States were against discussing the possibility that Zionism is racist against Palestinians, causing both to walk out of the conference altogether\n    India was against including discussions about caste-based discrimination\n    Some Arab nations were against discussions on oppression of Kurds or Arab slave trade\n    etc.",
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      "title": "Making it Lovely!!!",
      "body": "![MG_8321-Edit810.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmPmaYU3T8MZyHfJU1TeVKSQCqxXw29vHYu6MrrVvGEPdi/MG_8321-Edit810.jpg)\n\nI have wallpapered my heart out, overthought the room layout and furniture choices, and arranged my grocery store flowers just so when the florist I wanted to buy from was unexpectedly closed. Yes my friends, it is One Room Challenge reveal time, and I’m ready!\n\n![Home-Office_Before-After_MakingitLovely.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmcCUjsa7N5rrLhhh61hNYeVLfNBHSG7GMvaAHV22Z3e2Z/Home-Office_Before-After_MakingitLovely.jpg)![MG_8406-Edit810.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmRTSWx2DY2YpVqRqSQ3w4cmtM1SWhYd1K5JNMVzabG6Wc/MG_8406-Edit810.jpg)\n\nI work from home on this very blog, and I wanted a beautiful office to call my own. I’m doing more design work these days, for myself and for others, and it seemed silly that we’ve been here as long as we have (four years!) and I had yet to dedicate myself to an office proper when we have plenty of space to do so.\n\nShall we start with the desk? The exact place I’m sitting at right now as I type this post? Let’s.\n\n![MG_8394-Edit810.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmfHXATRdrSSWeQXLQGYh9ksMWUXpmMH6KURCiAdsJziRD/MG_8394-Edit810.jpg)\n\nThe chair! She’s so pretty! I always keep a blanket draped over the arm in case I’m cold. Sometimes I’ll keep the pillow on the chair and sometimes not, depending on what I’m doing and how mindful I’m being of my posture.\n\nThe desk is 5′ wide, so I have plenty of space for both my full-sized keyboard (I like having a number pad — probably a holdover from entering ISBNs all day for years) and my Wacom tablet. I started using a tablet years ago for art, but now I use it every day. I have problems with my wrists, and using a tablet instead of a mouse has been tremendously helpful.\n\n![MG_8326-Edit-Edit810.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmWc6ZwDrfUGvWzQdbejkubUQtGTS3yUPfSArAu8ohoeuE/MG_8326-Edit-Edit810.jpg)\n\nThe oversized ceramic lamp was a risk with my sloped ceiling. I knew it would fit (thanks, 3D rendering to scale!), but would it look like it fit? Thankfully it looked just as I’d hoped and it balances the large monitor nicely. The vase hits that sweet spot between reverential and whimsical, and then the brass snake is just awesome. I also keep my pink leather pouf under the desk. Sometimes I sit with my feet propped up, sometimes with my legs tucked under me, and sometimes I even sit like a normal person! It’s a little ridiculous to have a Moroccan Pouf hidden away as a footrest, but eh. I already owned it and it’s being put to good use.\n\n![MG_8421-Edit810.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmWy1TrR2fuFM4LmWLArWLvmci6HyLTaDS5tCpHE5jFw56/MG_8421-Edit810.jpg)\n\nI took various photos with doors open and with doors closed, because I wasn’t sure which way everything would photograph best. Are you digging my vintage mannequins in the stairway? \n\n![MG_8355-Edit-Edit810.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmTMeTuJpYYSyRcEMxbLMpwZbNhCP7AcPVtefHsMhg9ii9/MG_8355-Edit-Edit810.jpg)\n\nI hung a few prints and paintings on the angled wall to the left of the desk. I love the Beetles print and I chose it specifically for this room, but the the vintage portrait is from the 30s and I wanted her to grace the library. I’m stealing her for here, at least for now, but maybe things will change over time?\n\n![MG_8423-Edit810.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmUCSaXgkLQq3E9Jdn1fMZCjPteeZEeSYyex6jfHgE4Qmn/MG_8423-Edit810.jpg)\n\nThe desk has five drawers, which I lined with scraps of wallpaper that match the room’s closet. To my right when I’m seated is a long, low storage unit made of modular craft room furniture that holds my printer, trade catalogs, wallpaper samples, and more. \n\n![MG_8420-Edit810.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmbam955EB7SukJHZ1Ww91h16V871RhTiYjmtuT4juHfDp/MG_8420-Edit810.jpg)\n\nThe shallow drawers in the hutch are handy for corralling both personal and client design work — paint swatches, fabric and wallpaper options, that sort of thing. I suppose it won’t be as neat when I’m juggling more than four projects at a time, but I’ve also got the shelf area above the drawers and the entire surface to spread things out on.\n\n\n![MG_8428-Edit810.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQme5SaS8ofYUymCCkLwK3gnCJQumXukAiYu69Z16VykEnb/MG_8428-Edit810.jpg)\n\n\nThere is additional storage space in the closet, aka The Rainbow Room.\n\nSomeone in the comments of a previous ORC update suggested calling it The Aviary. I’m into it, but it was a quick ‘no’ from the kids. The Rainbow Room, it is. I think I’ll pick up a sheepskin or some floor pillows for them. They want to play and hang out in there, and I can’t blame them! I was always a special space, even though it’s really just a closet, and now the wallpaper makes it magical.\n\n![MG_8383-Edit810.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmUibEkVoCu2QvSeHaTBjibtBTCQbj8G2NvQH9ormWv4pf/MG_8383-Edit810.jpg)\n\nI have four walnut shelves, but I photographed the space with only two in so that you could better see the wallpaper pattern. The shelves are lovely and sturdy, and they’re already filling with fabric swatches, paint fan decks, equipment, and a nice stack of press (books, magazines, and newspaper articles I’ve been in over the years).\n\n![MG_8388-Edit810.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmeXNjCrbM243wzByM3tQxqNbcDaiSude3yNJWx5dLma9g/MG_8388-Edit810.jpg)\n\nThe light was just a bare bulb in a socket before, so while that little number you see peeking out below is nothing amazing, it’s certainly an improvement over what was there. I bought an inexpensive light with a pull chain, and picked up a white globe to replace the ribbed glass shade that came with the base.\n\n![MG_8390-Edit810.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmUmaEMYBZcBainwg2Ta69iF4Vtt6ZkYbAxyfquBGZ7Css/MG_8390-Edit810.jpg)\n\n![MG_8384-Edit810.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmapK8AYz34tj8G1Y3pkJ2mEKYdswe3ANp7aAKSX6XHqfP/MG_8384-Edit810.jpg)\n\n\n![MG_8431-Edit810.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmTkAcwpUZvKAswREst6VLSR6v8cfaxDaw8qbi4sxGi7Yx/MG_8431-Edit810.jpg)\n\nI did a ramshackle decoupage technique (cool/terrible band name alert!) where the two halves of the wallpaper met in the center. The seam would have been pretty noticeable and I had assumed I would be adding a piece of trim, but I ended up trimming around birds and leaves, overlapping the different sides so that the pattern blended together. I shared it on my Instagram Stories last week. I wasn’t sure if it was a brilliant or stupid idea, but I think it worked!\n\n![MG_8385-Edit810.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmcLnPHvRgGgvyckb2RaVEpV1bDfpAK5g9XWEm5TTuM8Dk/MG_8385-Edit810.jpg)\n\nI love the wallpaper peeking out when I have the door open. \n\n![MG_8407-Edit810.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmNujZRJUYsxczBN86MBja8Z9yt3CypSeF493x2tPA5rRj/MG_8407-Edit810.jpg)\n\n![MG_8409-Edit810.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmfVV8nSu1Y2jDaPTyJL9yfj5PWZcnWn7Ygr3hpFxpfgaQ/MG_8409-Edit810.jpg)\n\nI had access to rugs both vintage and new from several sponsors, but I already had several rolled up and awaiting use. I have problems with rugs… namely, that I want them all. So look at me going with what I’ve got! I was going to go with a subtle pink wool ikat, but changed my mind and went with the rug I carried back in my luggage from Morocco. It’s a better fit, size-wise, and there are fond memories attached. The office is a great place for it. \n\n![MG_8432-Edit-Edit810.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmSfMiGgERaH8wzawTvvzT4ungpf4gvWSGTJ9oMNKQkGze/MG_8432-Edit-Edit810.jpg)\n\nThe brass pendant is so lovely in the space. And yes, it is wired in! I point that out, because several pictures appear to show otherwise. It replaced the ceiling fan that I took down, and I wanted the light centered over the table so I added a hook to the ceiling. I’m not one to heavily Photoshop my images, but I have edited out the chandelier chain and cord where I swagged it over from the junction box. Honestly, it was so distracting to my eye, and I plan on relocating the junction so that I no longer have to suspend it from a hook. I’m not trying to fool anyone and maybe you wouldn’t have even noticed had I not said anything (it’s cropped out in most photos), but I felt a little funny resorting to digital trickery because it’s not something I do. So if you happen to notice that the light seems to be suspended from nothing, that’s why. \n\n![MG_8341-Edit-Edit-Edit810.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmTgUkNbVC73kqYiMy7aRYDeeXgmbga9zT94T7BZDs6pnv/MG_8341-Edit-Edit-Edit810.jpg)\n\nThe center marble dining table is already proving useful (and beautiful). It serves as a desk, a project planning surface, a spot for the kids to hang out, and an alternative to my dining room for tabletop shoots. I knew I didn’t want another wood surface in the office since my desk and the modular storage were already representing that category quite well. I’m not a big fan of glass tops, so that sent me looking at painted or lacquered tops, or stone. The parsons shape of the table I chose is classic, and the combination of marble and brass is perfect. Green chairs in a streamlined mod shape bring a little more fun to the grouping.\n\n\n![MG_8375-Edit-Edit810sq.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmW8ANNMQKKzddU6FhFw3uRuJVbLpL1BSUZuNbTytHvZQP/MG_8375-Edit-Edit810sq.jpg)\n\n![MG_8349-Edit810.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmWRpUhNodh9WtddNw4Q58dufaHgtFoCqgNqRZ4J54iyMY/MG_8349-Edit810.jpg)\n\n\nHey there, traditional but cool blue and white planter! And hey there, cool convex mirror that I grabbed from another room! I’m very much disliking that the pendant is just hanging there in the reflection, but whatevs, we’ve discussed this. Moving on!\n\n![MG_8401-Edit-Edit810.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmViHCHU6vWxL53VkuSdnpcGPJnjTmQF8oMhGY4mzxd2Rr/MG_8401-Edit-Edit810.jpg)\n\nI bought these vintage slipper chairs for my first go at the One Room Challenge. I only used one, but when you find a pair, you buy (and hoard) the pair. And lo, I finally found the perfect spot for them! \n\n![MG_8371-Edit810.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmWsrJ2uFfhAmfzh5Wen5e6ybCoZhNVPwKMmbhFPf5m1fS/MG_8371-Edit810.jpg)\n\nThe little side table between them is dainty in form, but sturdy. The window nook is a nice spot to take a quick break and look through a design book or some magazines with a cup of coffee. And how amazing are those sconces?\n\nI wanted sconces that could plug in, which these can be customized to do, and I also had a beautiful brass toggle switch added and chose and pretty French gray fabric cording. They’re a little now, and a little Art Deco, and oh so pretty. They were initially six inches higher, but they looked off so I took them down, patched and painted the holes, and put them back up 5-1/2″ lower. An hour’s worth of work for a small change, but I think it would have bugged me had I not done it.\n\n![MG_8403-Edit810.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQme3nzT9VAWStHQvViBLL8R2XYGP1SzWPbphV1o5NrbsvV/MG_8403-Edit810.jpg)\n\nI took my pale pink linen curtains from another room, and the embroidered sheers arrived in time for photos (even though I know you can barely make out the details!). \n\n![MG_8404-Edit810.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmcLsBggsYJhYJkFJgyVFPYEkzRMQ6EFp68KzdyfN5J2SV/MG_8404-Edit810.jpg)\n\nI’ve recently created a “Shop Our House” page, and you’ll find sources for everything there, including paint colors and links to the exact items I’ve used. The Home Office section is new and I will continue to populate it today. You can also take a look at the design plan from week 2.\n\n![MG_8361-Edit-Edit810.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmWvkssXMUjbnjNbo8J5H1hDFPohcrPzPSVCFZWysQouVF/MG_8361-Edit-Edit810.jpg)\n\nThank you to all of you for following along! Thank you to Linda of Calling it Home for inviting me back to participate again, and thank you to my ORC sponsors (listed below) for helping me bring this room to life. The other participants are also listed below and they are doing amazing work, so be sure to visit everyone and see how their reveals shaped up! Tomorrow is the big reveal for everyone following along too, and there are some impressive designs out there.\n\nI’m thrilled with my new office, and I hope you enjoyed watching the process as much as I loved bringing the design to life!\n\n![MG_8410-Edit810.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmNbc2uCxaSkrjg35XiEyvXi829G8Wu1rxck38hv9Preq4/MG_8410-Edit810.jpg)\n\n![MG_8348-Edit-Edit810.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmXRqFjgA1yBShmcF2j8BTaJYeAKDPMpYXta8PUGNgEmCc/MG_8348-Edit-Edit810.jpg)",
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      "body": "What is The DressUp Academy (community) about\n\nWelcome to #DressUP ………..\n\nThis community is for (present and aspiring) business professionals and persons that place high value on their WOW image, their first and lasting impression and everything in-between.\n\nWHAT YOU WILL LEARN HERE\n\n As a member of this community you will gain clarity on your full image potential through my WOW IMAGE STRATEGY. The TWIS is my step by step process to help you develop a tailor made  image solution that basically helps you stand out to attract the opportunities you have always wanted or desired. This will be basically built around  this  4 major pillars, your \n\n1 Appearance\n2 Behaviour\n3 Communication Skills\n4 Digital footprints\n\nThat’s the sure and solid foundation on which any professional image can be built, I will guide  you through this journey with regular tips, strategies and cheat sheets to help you achieve your wow image. I know the difference in perception a polished image creates, that’s why I am passionate about helping you make your own wow impression, one that exudes self confidence,  project poise and authenticity in your lifestyle. There is greatness in you and it's very important that you know how to package your greatness.\n\nWHO IS THIS COMMUNITY FOR\nBusiness professionals; Coaches, Authors, Consultants, Leaders, Entrepreneurs, Personal Brands, Public figures and celebrities like you. Even if you are not one yet, you are welcome.\n\nWHAT ARE THE RULES ?\nIn this studio you have permission to to be visible, like (and comment on) posts and share your personal transformation stories with the community.\n\nShare content that will help members on their image journey \n\nPersonal transformation and lifestyle content are welcome\n\nNo disparaging comments, personal attacks or meanness of any kind.\n\nIf you do have a product that you feel will be beneficial to the community please contact me with information about it. If it meets with the standards you'll have permission to share.\n\nSharing promotions without permission will get you BANNED from the community.\n\nFILES: PLEASE DO NOT UPLOAD ANY FILES to the files section. Check with me first if you have a great idea for a shared file that you think will benefit the group and I'll make it happen!\n\nPRIVATE MESSAGING: Please do not PM anyone without asking them first. Thanks\n \nPROMOTIONS:\nDo not post any promotional content on the group, except on days promotions are allowed.\nIf I see them, I'll delete them. Please keep this space free of promotional updates. \n\n\nMODERATION POLICY:\n\nStephen Akanmu reserves the right to delete ANY post at any time.\n\nThanks for being a part of this community and accepting all these rules!\n\nIts amazing to know that you place high value on yourself and I am deeply honored and super stocked to have you here, and to also support you.  I sincerely look forward to guiding you in your journey to achieving your WOW IMAGE",
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      "body": "Hi! I am a robot. I just upvoted you! I found similar content that readers might be interested in:\nhttp://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-42731222",
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      "title": "US plans open-ended military presence in Syria",
      "body": "![_99648907_mediaitem99648903.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmbf7iEiypMyrnYRFFgTCizqGKWPvfUazP7T2W8PuRNQdL/_99648907_mediaitem99648903.jpg)\n\n\nThe US will maintain an open-ended military presence in Syria to ensure the enduring defeat of the jihadist group Islamic State, counter Iranian influence, and help end the civil war.\n\nSecretary of State Rex Tillerson said President Donald Trump did not want to \"make the same mistakes\" that were made in 2011, when US forces left Iraq.\n\nThe US has about 2,000 troops in Syria.\n\nMr Tillerson denied the US was training a Kurdish-led border force, but Turkey accused it of sending mixed signals.\n\n\"US officials have made statements that refute one another,\" said Turkish Prime Minister Binali Yildirim, whose country fiercely opposes such a move.\n\n\"One day it was said that a new border force had been set up, another day they said they are setting up a unit with local forces in order to maintain security in the region after eliminating Daesh [Islamic State group, or IS] in the region. These are all confusing statements.\"\n\nThe US secretary of state said officials had \"misspoke[n]\" when they said the US was planning to set up a 30,000 strong \"border security force\" in northern Syria underpinned by the allied Kurdish-led Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) militia.\n\n![_99648908_syria_control_jan2018_640_map-nc.png](https://steemitimages.com/DQmXih2jCMGSYbM45neBuuudZSsGot2e4BwqhsheUuphDm3/_99648908_syria_control_jan2018_640_map-nc.png)\n\nMr Tillerson said the US was not creating a new force, but rather trying to ensure that local fighters were able to protect liberated areas from attacks by IS remnants.\n\nTurkey's president branded it a \"terror army\" and warned of imminent assaults on the Kurdish-controlled border areas of Afrin and Manbij.\n\nThe Turkish army opened gaps in the border fence west of Afrin on Thursday, as the state-run Anadolu news agency reported that troops had been put on high alert.\n\n    Turkey targets Kurds: The 100, 300 and 700-word story\n    Why Turkey is poised to attack Kurdish enclave in Syria\n\nWhy does the US want to stay in Syria?\n\nIn a speech at Stanford University on Wednesday, Mr Tillerson said decisive action taken by President Trump had accelerated the progress made against IS.\n\nBut he noted that IS was \"not completely defeated\" and that the government of President Bashar al-Assad - who the US opposes and has said should step down from power - controlled about half of Syria's territory and population.\n\n![_99648734_mediaitem99648733.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmZTwNMv46WLzBZ6Yh8R32DVTe37nX6Ae4KR4WFFyBE9p9/_99648734_mediaitem99648733.jpg)\n\nMr Tillerson added that the US also faced \"continued strategic threats\" not just from IS and al-Qaeda, but also from Iran, a key ally of Mr Assad which he said had strengthened its presence by deploying troops and \"importing proxy forces\".\n\nHe also said the unresolved plight of the millions of displaced Syrians remained a humanitarian crisis that only a political solution to the civil war could end.\n\n    The war against IS in maps and charts\n    Why is there a war in Syria?\n\nWhat would make the US withdraw?\n\nMr Tillerson said the Trump administration desired \"five key end states for Syria\".\n\n    IS and al-Qaeda in Syria \"suffer an enduring defeat, do not present a threat to the homeland, and do not resurface in a new form\"\n    The conflict is resolved through a UN-led process, and \"a stable, unified, independent Syria, under post-Assad leadership, is functioning as a state\"\n    Iranian influence in Syria is diminished and Syria's neighbours are secure\n    Conditions are created so displaced people can begin to return to their homes\n    Syria is free of weapons of mass destruction\n\n![_99648740_ccf4fe3f-3539-411a-a14e-25a2bdfdc911.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmQqNjfh693xpnzYzAcDjQABSqpSyPXyDcjzohJaEVr7XU/_99648740_ccf4fe3f-3539-411a-a14e-25a2bdfdc911.jpg)\n\n\nThe Trump administration was implementing a new strategy to achieve those goals, which would largely entail increased diplomatic action, Mr Tillerson said.\n\n\"But let us be clear: The United States will maintain a military presence in Syria focused on ensuring [IS] cannot re-emerge,\" he added. \"We cannot make the same mistakes that were made in 2011 when a premature departure from Iraq allowed al-Qaeda in Iraq to survive and eventually morph into [IS].\"\n\nHe warned a US withdrawal would also allow al-Qaeda to expand its presence in north-western Syria; restore Mr Assad and \"continue his brutal treatment against his own people\"; and provide Iran with the opportunity to strengthen its position.\nHow could the US help bring peace to Syria?\n\nMr Tillerson promised to carry out \"stabilisation initiatives\" in areas \"liberated\" by the US-backed Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF), a force dominated by a Kurdish militia that Turkey considers a terrorist group.\n\nThe initiatives would include clearing land mines, re-opening hospitals, restoring key services and getting children back to school.\n\n\"We must be clear: 'stabilisation' is not a synonym for open-ended nation-building or a synonym for reconstruction. But it is essential,\" he added. \n\n![_99648742_23cc7298-cc0e-4501-a056-3323f9ae2748.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmWJtJPmC4g2MwLY2tse5PRbqD8GGmbkEeeBKtt1YoZkRU/_99648742_23cc7298-cc0e-4501-a056-3323f9ae2748.jpg)\n\nThe US will also seek to \"de-escalate\" the conflict by negotiating local ceasefires and vigorously support UN efforts to negotiate a political settlement.\n\nMr Tillerson said the US believed free and transparent elections that included displaced people would \"result in the permanent departure of Assad and his family from power\". \"This process will take time, and we urge patience,\" he added.\nWhat has been the reaction to the speech?\n\nA member of the opposition Syrian National Council, Hadi al-Bahra, welcomed the speech, telling Reuters news agency it was first time the US had said clearly it had \"interests in Syria that it is ready to defend\".\n\nThe Syrian government said the continued US military presence represented \"a blatant breach of international law and an aggression against national sovereignty\". It vowed to continue its \"relentless war against terrorist movements\" and free Syria of any \"illegitimate foreign presence\".",
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      "body": "Hi! I am a robot. I just upvoted you! I found similar content that readers might be interested in:\nhttp://www.ezspk.co.uk/2018/01/18/trump-denies-view-on-mexico-wall-changed/",
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      "title": "Trump wall: President denies changing view on Mexico border plan",
      "body": "Donald Trump has denied changing his views on a border wall after his top aide reportedly said the president was \"uninformed\" when he made the promise.\n\nWhite House chief of staff John Kelly told Fox News the president's opinions had evolved since his signature campaign pledge on the US-Mexico wall.\n\n\"Campaigning is very different from governing,\" Mr Kelly said on Wednesday.\n\nHours later, the president tweeted to say Mexico would still \"directly or indirectly\" pay for the wall.\nHave the wall plans changed?\n\nUS media report that the White House chief of staff told members of the Congressional Hispanic Caucus on Wednesday that the US would never construct a wall along its entire southern border.\n\nMr Kelly also reportedly said Mexico would never pay for the structure, as Mr Trump has repeatedly vowed.\n\nBut speaking to Fox News later the retired general insisted the president was committed to building 700 miles (1,100km) of additional wall along the nearly 2,000-mile border.\n\nLast year Mr Trump said his wall would cover 1,000 miles with natural obstacles taking care of the rest.\n\n![_99643986_a807271f-f367-49d2-bb6c-9a8c9bab6ee3.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmaa54G1iYn93z12QJ9QCn5v3pnj4XRhBfTSbW9tuC2c9N/_99643986_a807271f-f367-49d2-bb6c-9a8c9bab6ee3.jpg)\n\n\nWhen Fox News asked Mr Kelly if he had called the president \"uninformed\", he did not deny it.\n\nBoth the president and his chief of staff cited the estimated cost as $20bn (£14bn); Mr Trump had originally put the figure at $10-$12bn.\n\nMr Kelly said they were now looking at alternative ways to raise funds, including via possible visa fees or renegotiating the Nafta trade deal between the US, Canada and Mexico.\n\nIn Thursday morning's tweet, President Trump insisted Mexico would still pick up the costs, possibly \"through longer term reimbursement\".",
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