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      "body": "Congratulations @satoshi-nakamoto! You received a personal award!\n\n<table><tr><td>https://steemitimages.com/70x70/http://steemitboard.com/@satoshi-nakamoto/birthday3.png</td><td>Happy Birthday! - You are on the Steem blockchain for 3 years!</td></tr></table>\n\n<sub>_You can view [your badges on your Steem Board](https://steemitboard.com/@satoshi-nakamoto) and compare to others on the [Steem Ranking](https://steemitboard.com/ranking/index.php?name=satoshi-nakamoto)_</sub>\n\n\n###### [Vote for @Steemitboard as a witness](https://v2.steemconnect.com/sign/account-witness-vote?witness=steemitboard&approve=1) to get one more award and increased upvotes!",
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      "body": "@@ -125,17 +125,16 @@\n  Wei Dai\n- \n %0A%0AI am f\n@@ -194,17 +194,17 @@\n munities\n-%0A\n+ \n traditio\n@@ -268,17 +268,17 @@\n rchy the\n-%0A\n+ \n governme\n@@ -338,17 +338,17 @@\n dden and\n-%0A\n+ \n permanen\n@@ -412,17 +412,17 @@\n lence is\n-%0A\n+ \n impotent\n@@ -480,17 +480,17 @@\n possible\n-%0A\n+ \n because \n@@ -554,17 +554,17 @@\n physical\n-%0A\n+ \n location\n@@ -639,17 +639,17 @@\n ty could\n-%0A\n+ \n operate.\n@@ -711,17 +711,17 @@\n cipants,\n-%0A\n+ \n and effi\n@@ -785,17 +785,17 @@\n nd a way\n-%0A\n+ \n to enfor\n@@ -858,17 +858,17 @@\n vided by\n-%0A\n+ \n the gove\n@@ -928,17 +928,17 @@\n to legal\n-%0A\n+ \n entities\n@@ -1000,17 +1000,17 @@\n services\n-%0A\n+ \n can be p\n@@ -1119,17 +1119,17 @@\n actical,\n-%0A\n+ \n because \n@@ -1188,17 +1188,17 @@\n nonymous\n-%0A\n+ \n broadcas\n@@ -1259,17 +1259,17 @@\n ractical\n-%0A\n+ \n protocol\n@@ -1329,17 +1329,17 @@\n raceable\n-%0A\n+ \n network,\n@@ -1397,17 +1397,17 @@\n  digital\n-%0A\n+ \n pseudony\n@@ -1470,17 +1470,17 @@\n s sender\n-%0A\n+ \n and encr\n@@ -1575,17 +1575,17 @@\n database\n-%0A\n+ \n of how m\n@@ -1648,17 +1648,17 @@\n ectively\n-%0A\n+ \n define t\n@@ -1721,17 +1721,17 @@\n d is the\n-%0A\n+ \n subject \n@@ -1814,25 +1814,25 @@\n dcasting the\n-%0A\n+ \n solution to \n@@ -1884,17 +1884,17 @@\n The only\n-%0A\n+ \n conditio\n@@ -1959,17 +1959,17 @@\n g effort\n-%0A\n+ \n it took \n@@ -2028,17 +2028,17 @@\n  have no\n-%0A\n+ \n value, e\n@@ -2098,17 +2098,17 @@\n ry units\n-%0A\n+ \n created \n@@ -2165,17 +2165,17 @@\n rms of a\n-%0A\n+ \n standard\n@@ -2238,17 +2238,17 @@\n 00 hours\n-%0A\n+ \n to solve\n@@ -2312,17 +2312,17 @@\n  takes 3\n-%0A\n+ \n standard\n@@ -2386,17 +2386,17 @@\n computer\n-%0A\n+ \n on the o\n@@ -2454,17 +2454,17 @@\n  to that\n-%0A\n+ \n problem \n@@ -2588,17 +2588,17 @@\n ishes to\n-%0A\n+ \n transfer\n@@ -2662,17 +2662,17 @@\n oadcasts\n-%0A\n+ \n the mess\n@@ -2731,17 +2731,17 @@\n Upon the\n-%0A\n+ \n broadcas\n@@ -2803,17 +2803,17 @@\n nits and\n-%0A\n+ \n credits \n@@ -2873,17 +2873,17 @@\n negative\n-%0A\n+ \n balance \n@@ -3000,33 +3000,33 @@\n nclude a maximum\n-%0A\n+ \n reparation in ca\n@@ -3082,17 +3082,17 @@\n t should\n-%0A\n+ \n also inc\n@@ -3150,17 +3150,17 @@\n ere be a\n-%0A\n+ \n dispute.\n@@ -3225,17 +3225,17 @@\n roadcast\n-%0A\n+ \n their si\n@@ -3299,17 +3299,17 @@\n dcast of\n-%0A\n+ \n the cont\n@@ -3372,17 +3372,17 @@\n count of\n-%0A\n+ \n each par\n@@ -3445,17 +3445,17 @@\n  special\n-%0A\n+ \n account \n@@ -3520,17 +3520,17 @@\n  maximum\n-%0A\n+ \n reparati\n@@ -3590,17 +3590,17 @@\n ceed for\n-%0A\n+ \n every pa\n@@ -3663,17 +3663,17 @@\n contract\n-%0A\n+ \n is ignor\n@@ -3737,17 +3737,17 @@\n ght look\n-%0A\n+ \n like thi\n@@ -3821,17 +3821,17 @@\n /1/2000.\n-%0A\n+ \n K_B agre\n@@ -3894,17 +3894,17 @@\n 000. K_C\n-%0A\n+ \n agrees t\n@@ -3964,17 +3964,17 @@\n to pay a\n-%0A\n+ \n maximum \n@@ -4038,17 +4038,17 @@\n m of 200\n-%0A\n+ \n MU in ca\n@@ -4110,17 +4110,17 @@\n  case of\n-%0A\n+ \n default.\n@@ -4193,17 +4193,17 @@\n dispute,\n-%0A\n+ \n each par\n@@ -4264,17 +4264,17 @@\n 1 hash H\n-%0A\n+ \n conclude\n@@ -4338,17 +4338,17 @@\n A-1 hash\n-%0A\n+ \n H conclu\n@@ -4413,17 +4413,17 @@\n t of all\n-%0A\n+ \n signatur\n@@ -4484,17 +4484,17 @@\n y by the\n-%0A\n+ \n amount o\n@@ -4553,17 +4553,17 @@\n nt, then\n-%0A\n+ \n credits \n@@ -4625,17 +4625,17 @@\n paration\n-%0A\n+ \n schedule\n@@ -4727,17 +4727,17 @@\n ot agree\n-%0A\n+ \n on an ap\n@@ -4799,17 +4799,17 @@\n or, each\n-%0A\n+ \n party br\n@@ -4874,17 +4874,17 @@\n ments or\n-%0A\n+ \n evidence\n@@ -4946,17 +4946,17 @@\n s to the\n-%0A\n+ \n actual r\n@@ -5094,17 +5094,17 @@\n  kept by\n-%0A\n+ \n a subset\n@@ -5163,17 +5163,17 @@\n stead of\n-%0A\n+ \n everyone\n@@ -5235,17 +5235,17 @@\n channel.\n-%0A\n+ \n The form\n@@ -5309,17 +5309,17 @@\n main the\n-%0A\n+ \n same as \n@@ -5378,17 +5378,17 @@\n  of each\n-%0A\n+ \n transact\n@@ -5443,17 +5443,17 @@\n ived and\n-%0A\n+ \n successf\n@@ -5588,17 +5588,17 @@\n eeded to\n-%0A\n+ \n keep the\n@@ -5661,17 +5661,17 @@\n mount of\n-%0A\n+ \n money in\n@@ -5733,17 +5733,17 @@\n ards for\n-%0A\n+ \n proof of\n@@ -5802,17 +5802,17 @@\n lish and\n-%0A\n+ \n commit t\n@@ -5875,17 +5875,17 @@\n es. Each\n-%0A\n+ \n particip\n@@ -5947,17 +5947,17 @@\n rect and\n-%0A\n+ \n that the\n@@ -6021,17 +6021,17 @@\n l amount\n-%0A\n+ \n of money\n@@ -6096,17 +6096,17 @@\n on, from\n-%0A\n+ \n permanen\n@@ -6167,17 +6167,17 @@\n vers can\n-%0A\n+ \n also use\n@@ -6309,17 +6309,17 @@\n donymous\n-%0A\n+ \n entities\n@@ -6383,17 +6383,17 @@\n ing them\n-%0A\n+ \n with a m\n@@ -6450,17 +6450,17 @@\n cts. 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      "body": "@@ -1,13 +1,8 @@\n----%0A%0A\n !%5BWei Da\n",
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      "body": "by Wei Dai\n\nI am fascinated by Tim May's crypto-anarchy. Unlike the communities traditionally associated with the word \"anarchy\", in a crypto-anarchy the government is not temporarily destroyed but permanently forbidden and permanently unnecessary. It's a community where the threat of violence is impotent because violence is impossible, and violence is impossible because its participants cannot be linked to their true names or physical locations.\n\nUntil now it's not clear, even theoretically, how such a community could operate. A community is defined by the cooperation of its participants, and efficient cooperation requires a medium of exchange (money) and a way to enforce contracts. Traditionally these services have been provided by the government or government sponsored institutions and only to legal entities. In this article I describe a protocol by which these services can be provided to and by untraceable entities.\n\nI will actually describe two protocols. The first one is impractical, because it makes heavy use of a synchronous and unjammable anonymous broadcast channel. However it will motivate the second, more practical protocol. In both cases I will assume the existence of an untraceable network, where senders and receivers are identified only by digital pseudonyms (i.e. public keys) and every messages is signed by its sender and encrypted to its receiver.\n\nIn the first protocol, every participant maintains a (seperate) database of how much money belongs to each pseudonym. These accounts collectively define the ownership of money, and how these accounts are updated is the subject of this protocol.\n\n1. The creation of money. Anyone can create money by broadcasting the solution to a previously unsolved computational problem. The only conditions are that it must be easy to determine how much computing effort it took to solve the problem and the solution must otherwise have no value, either practical or intellectual. The number of monetary units created is equal to the cost of the computing effort in terms of a standard basket of commodities. For example if a problem takes 100 hours to solve on the computer that solves it most economically, and it takes 3 standard baskets to purchase 100 hours of computing time on that computer on the open market, then upon the broadcast of the solution to that problem everyone credits the broadcaster's account by 3 units.\n\n2. The transfer of money. If Alice (owner of pseudonym K_A) wishes to transfer X units of money to Bob (owner of pseudonym K_B), she broadcasts the message \"I give X units of money to K_B\" signed by K_A. Upon the broadcast of this message, everyone debits K_A's account by X units and credits K_B's account by X units, unless this would create a negative balance in K_A's account in which case the message is ignored.\n\n3. The effecting of contracts. A valid contract must include a maximum reparation in case of default for each participant party to it. It should also include a party who will perform arbitration should there be a dispute. All parties to a contract including the arbitrator must broadcast their signatures of it before it becomes effective. Upon the broadcast of the contract and all signatures, every participant debits the account of each party by the amount of his maximum reparation and credits a special account identified by a secure hash of the contract by the sum the maximum reparations. The contract becomes effective if the debits succeed for every party without producing a negative balance, otherwise the contract is ignored and the accounts are rolled back. A sample contract might look like this:\n\nK_A agrees to send K_B the solution to problem P before 0:0:0 1/1/2000. K_B agrees to pay K_A 100 MU (monetary units) before 0:0:0 1/1/2000. K_C agrees to perform arbitration in case of dispute. K_A agrees to pay a maximum of 1000 MU in case of default. K_B agrees to pay a maximum of 200 MU in case of default. K_C agrees to pay a maximum of 500 MU in case of default.\n\n4. The conclusion of contracts. If a contract concludes without dispute, each party broadcasts a signed message \"The contract with SHA-1 hash H concludes without reparations.\" or possibly \"The contract with SHA-1 hash H concludes with the following reparations: ...\" Upon the broadcast of all signatures, every participant credits the account of each party by the amount of his maximum reparation, removes the contract account, then credits or debits the account of each party according to the reparation schedule if there is one.\n\n5. The enforcement of contracts. If the parties to a contract cannot agree on an appropriate conclusion even with the help of the arbitrator, each party broadcasts a suggested reparation/fine schedule and any arguments or evidence in his favor. Each participant makes a determination as to the actual reparations and/or fines, and modifies his accounts accordingly.\n\nIn the second protocol, the accounts of who has how much money are kept by a subset of the participants (called servers from now on) instead of everyone. These servers are linked by a Usenet-style broadcast channel. The format of transaction messages broadcasted on this channel remain the same as in the first protocol, but the affected participants of each transaction should verify that the message has been received and successfully processed by a randomly selected subset of the servers.\n\nSince the servers must be trusted to a degree, some mechanism is needed to keep them honest. Each server is required to deposit a certain amount of money in a special account to be used as potential fines or rewards for proof of misconduct. Also, each server must periodically publish and commit to its current money creation and money ownership databases. Each participant should verify that his own account balances are correct and that the sum of the account balances is not greater than the total amount of money created. This prevents the servers, even in total collusion, from permanently and costlessly expanding the money supply. New servers can also use the published databases to synchronize with existing servers.\n\nThe protocol proposed in this article allows untraceable pseudonymous entities to cooperate with each other more efficiently, by providing them with a medium of exchange and a method of enforcing contracts. The protocol can probably be made more efficient and secure, but I hope this is a step toward making crypto-anarchy a practical as well as theoretical possibility.\n\n-------\n\nAppendix A: alternative b-money creation\n\nOne of the more problematic parts in the b-money protocol is money creation. This part of the protocol requires that all of the account keepers decide and agree on the cost of particular computations. Unfortunately because computing technology tends to advance rapidly and not always publicly, this information may be unavailable, inaccurate, or outdated, all of which would cause serious problems for the protocol.\n\nSo I propose an alternative money creation subprotocol, in which account keepers (everyone in the first protocol, or the servers in the second protocol) instead decide and agree on the amount of b-money to be created each period, with the cost of creating that money determined by an auction. Each money creation period is divided up into four phases, as follows:\n\n1. Planning. The account keepers compute and negotiate with each other to determine an optimal increase in the money supply for the next period.  Whether or not the account keepers can reach a consensus, they each broadcast their money creation quota and any macroeconomic calculations done to support the figures. \n\n2. Bidding. Anyone who wants to create b-money broadcasts a bid in the form of <x, y> where x is the amount of b-money he wants to create, and y is an unsolved problem from a predetermined problem class. Each problem in this class should have a nominal cost (in MIPS-years say) which is publicly agreed on.\n\n3. Computation. After seeing the bids, the ones who placed bids in the bidding phase may now solve the problems in their bids and broadcast the solutions.\n\n4. Money creation. Each account keeper accepts the highest bids (among those who actually broadcasted solutions) in terms of nominal cost per unit of b-money created and credits the bidders' accounts accordingly.",
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      "body": "---\n\n![Wei Dai.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmX6YTxEkhYMywfh49aMHTyK5QJc9rE6XLFRomWz9ogLvU/Wei%20Dai.jpg)\n\n---\n\n**b-money**\nby Wei Dai \n\nI am fascinated by Tim May's crypto-anarchy. Unlike the communities\ntraditionally associated with the word \"anarchy\", in a crypto-anarchy the\ngovernment is not temporarily destroyed but permanently forbidden and\npermanently unnecessary. It's a community where the threat of violence is\nimpotent because violence is impossible, and violence is impossible\nbecause its participants cannot be linked to their true names or physical\nlocations.\n\nUntil now it's not clear, even theoretically, how such a community could\noperate. A community is defined by the cooperation of its participants,\nand efficient cooperation requires a medium of exchange (money) and a way\nto enforce contracts. Traditionally these services have been provided by\nthe government or government sponsored institutions and only to legal\nentities. In this article I describe a protocol by which these services\ncan be provided to and by untraceable entities.\n\nI will actually describe two protocols. The first one is impractical,\nbecause it makes heavy use of a synchronous and unjammable anonymous\nbroadcast channel. However it will motivate the second, more practical\nprotocol. In both cases I will assume the existence of an untraceable\nnetwork, where senders and receivers are identified only by digital\npseudonyms (i.e. public keys) and every messages is signed by its sender\nand encrypted to its receiver.\n\nIn the first protocol, every participant maintains a (seperate) database\nof how much money belongs to each pseudonym. These accounts collectively\ndefine the ownership of money, and how these accounts are updated is the\nsubject of this protocol.\n\n1. The creation of money. Anyone can create money by broadcasting the\nsolution to a previously unsolved computational problem. The only\nconditions are that it must be easy to determine how much computing effort\nit took to solve the problem and the solution must otherwise have no\nvalue, either practical or intellectual. The number of monetary units\ncreated is equal to the cost of the computing effort in terms of a\nstandard basket of commodities. For example if a problem takes 100 hours\nto solve on the computer that solves it most economically, and it takes 3\nstandard baskets to purchase 100 hours of computing time on that computer\non the open market, then upon the broadcast of the solution to that\nproblem everyone credits the broadcaster's account by 3 units.\n\n2. The transfer of money. If Alice (owner of pseudonym K_A) wishes to\ntransfer X units of money to Bob (owner of pseudonym K_B), she broadcasts\nthe message \"I give X units of money to K_B\" signed by K_A. Upon the\nbroadcast of this message, everyone debits K_A's account by X units and\ncredits K_B's account by X units, unless this would create a negative\nbalance in K_A's account in which case the message is ignored.\n\n3. The effecting of contracts. A valid contract must include a maximum\nreparation in case of default for each participant party to it. It should\nalso include a party who will perform arbitration should there be a\ndispute. All parties to a contract including the arbitrator must broadcast\ntheir signatures of it before it becomes effective. Upon the broadcast of\nthe contract and all signatures, every participant debits the account of\neach party by the amount of his maximum reparation and credits a special\naccount identified by a secure hash of the contract by the sum the maximum\nreparations. The contract becomes effective if the debits succeed for\nevery party without producing a negative balance, otherwise the contract\nis ignored and the accounts are rolled back. A sample contract might look\nlike this:\n\nK_A agrees to send K_B the solution to problem P before 0:0:0 1/1/2000.\nK_B agrees to pay K_A 100 MU (monetary units) before 0:0:0 1/1/2000. K_C\nagrees to perform arbitration in case of dispute. K_A agrees to pay a\nmaximum of 1000 MU in case of default. K_B agrees to pay a maximum of 200\nMU in case of default. K_C agrees to pay a maximum of 500 MU in case of\ndefault.\n\n4. The conclusion of contracts. If a contract concludes without dispute,\neach party broadcasts a signed message \"The contract with SHA-1 hash H\nconcludes without reparations.\" or possibly \"The contract with SHA-1 hash\nH concludes with the following reparations: ...\" Upon the broadcast of all\nsignatures, every participant credits the account of each party by the\namount of his maximum reparation, removes the contract account, then\ncredits or debits the account of each party according to the reparation\nschedule if there is one.\n\n5. The enforcement of contracts. If the parties to a contract cannot agree\non an appropriate conclusion even with the help of the arbitrator, each\nparty broadcasts a suggested reparation/fine schedule and any arguments or\nevidence in his favor. Each participant makes a determination as to the\nactual reparations and/or fines, and modifies his accounts accordingly.\n\nIn the second protocol, the accounts of who has how much money are kept by\na subset of the participants (called servers from now on) instead of\neveryone. These servers are linked by a Usenet-style broadcast channel.\nThe format of transaction messages broadcasted on this channel remain the\nsame as in the first protocol, but the affected participants of each\ntransaction should verify that the message has been received and\nsuccessfully processed by a randomly selected subset of the servers.\n\nSince the servers must be trusted to a degree, some mechanism is needed to\nkeep them honest. Each server is required to deposit a certain amount of\nmoney in a special account to be used as potential fines or rewards for\nproof of misconduct. Also, each server must periodically publish and\ncommit to its current money creation and money ownership databases. Each\nparticipant should verify that his own account balances are correct and\nthat the sum of the account balances is not greater than the total amount\nof money created. This prevents the servers, even in total collusion, from\npermanently and costlessly expanding the money supply. New servers can\nalso use the published databases to synchronize with existing servers.\n\nThe protocol proposed in this article allows untraceable pseudonymous\nentities to cooperate with each other more efficiently, by providing them\nwith a medium of exchange and a method of enforcing contracts. The\nprotocol can probably be made more efficient and secure, but I hope this\nis a step toward making crypto-anarchy a practical as well as theoretical\npossibility.\n\n-------\n\nAppendix A: alternative b-money creation\n\nOne of the more problematic parts in the b-money protocol is money\ncreation. This part of the protocol requires that all of the account\nkeepers decide and agree on the cost of particular computations.\nUnfortunately because computing technology tends to advance rapidly and\nnot always publicly, this information may be unavailable, inaccurate, or\noutdated, all of which would cause serious problems for the protocol.\n\nSo I propose an alternative money creation subprotocol, in which account\nkeepers (everyone in the first protocol, or the servers in the second\nprotocol) instead decide and agree on the amount of b-money to be created\neach period, with the cost of creating that money determined by an\nauction. Each money creation period is divided up into four phases, as\nfollows:\n\n1. Planning. The account keepers compute and negotiate with each other to\ndetermine an optimal increase in the money supply for the next period. \nWhether or not the account keepers can reach a consensus, they each\nbroadcast their money creation quota and any macroeconomic calculations\ndone to support the figures. \n\n2. Bidding. Anyone who wants to create b-money broadcasts a bid in the\nform of <x, y> where x is the amount of b-money he wants to create, and y\nis an unsolved problem from a predetermined problem class. Each problem in\nthis class should have a nominal cost (in MIPS-years say) which is\npublicly agreed on.\n\n3. Computation. After seeing the bids, the ones who placed bids in the\nbidding phase may now solve the problems in their bids and broadcast the\nsolutions.\n\n4. Money creation. Each account keeper accepts the highest bids (among\nthose who actually broadcasted solutions) in terms of nominal cost per\nunit of b-money created and credits the bidders' accounts accordingly.",
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      "parent_permlink": "cryptocurrency",
      "permlink": "b-money-by-wei-dai",
      "title": "b-money by Wei Dai"
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      "body": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HAwC0swp96I\n\nTyler Durden make 'em holler murder\nTake 'em to the highest point of the earth\nNo need to follow further\nThis shit is universal\nNo time to do rehearsal\nI never take a break\nThat shit is too commercial\nI wasn’t raised different\nI was made different\nFlow don’t fuck around like it was raised Christian\nAnti-social with these kids\nWe don’t play with ‘em\nWe just keep a small circle and we stay lifted\nI need monopoly bread\nTold her if it ain’t sex then it gotta be head\nSure you got some candles\nI prefer the sloppy instead\nDid my own thing and they preferred to copy instead\nThe money got ‘em in a frenzy\nProbably wanna envy\nGlass half full, but the bottle’s left empty\nMaybe I’m a gentleman but I don’t do it gently\nBackwoods with the Henny\nRap good, never trendy\nNeed kush? Got plenty\nI be off of the fumes\nIn tune with the rhythm\nNow I’m leavin' the room\nLet the mood reawaken like I’m out of the tombs\nEat shrooms, keep movin', goin' out with a boom\nFor the gold, I be walking every road on the map\nGet a vibe low key and the flow is relaxed\nBut once the smoke is in the air and we pouring the Jack\nWe like singers turned actors, we don’t know how to act\nSwitch it up, let your bitch pop a bean and a half\nGot a queen hittin' hash, sippin' lean in the back\nBank robbery, we go in and we leave with the cash\nWe just gettin' what we need, see no reason to ask\nDrugs unlocked doors in my mind where I’d never go\nLearnin' to acknowledge while acceptin' what I’ll never know\nLivin' in the moment while we can ‘cause you never know\nJust take the energy you got baby and let it go!\n\nI came to spit a sonnet sonically colder than comets\nSurf a rocket to the moon and can't nobody stop it\nI'm hyperbolic, my words curve extra wavy\nYo paint a map of the sky, shit you could call me Halley\nBefore that cult shit, just a cloud of smoke\nWhen you realize you don't know shit the quicker you gon' grow\nGot that van Gogh flow, go crazy on a starry night\nAte a couple boomers on my way here and I'm feelin' right\nHop up out the whip and say what up to everyone around\nMet me at a show then you already know how I get down\nOverdone, say I'm overdue for all these accolades\nI don't really think about it\nI'm just tryna rap and paint\nStack a couple bit coins\nAll up on my Nakamoto\nChillin' with your lady friend\nShe rockin' an untied kimono\nPosted up in Acapulco\nShout out to the homie smoko\nLoco at the show hold up, posin' for that family photo\nEpiphanies on symphonies\nEpic epigrams man these words last for centuries\nThe shit's timeless, scribe it on your tomb\nDon't say the sky's the limit when there's footprints on the moon\nMoon walkin' on the sun, sun beamin' I'ma star, star shootin' into space, space shippin' up to mars\nI'm universal, my purpose to pursue\nThis path and give back that's hows life's supposed to circle\nYo G roll that purple\nRun that beat back reversal I don't need no damn rehearsal\nThis is internal eternal life is like a flick\nLeavin' space for the horns that's my shit\nUntil we meet again, paint the world with brighter colors\nWord to the Prob Mob y'all my sisters and my brothers\nOne time for the lovers spread that energy around\nAnd keep it all in motion gettin' lost inside my sound",
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      "body": "![Bitcoin](http://i.imgsafe.org/5850a94bc3.jpg)\n\nI've been working on a new electronic cash system that's fully\npeer-to-peer, with no trusted third party.\n\nThe paper is available at:\n[www.bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf](http://www.bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf)\n\nThe main properties:\n Double-spending is prevented with a peer-to-peer network.\n No mint or other trusted parties.\n Participants can be anonymous.\n New coins are made from Hashcash style proof-of-work.\n The proof-of-work for new coin generation also powers the \n network to prevent double-spending.\n\nBitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System\n\nAbstract.  A purely peer-to-peer version of electronic cash would\nallow online payments to be sent directly from one party to another\nwithout the burdens of going through a financial institution.\nDigital signatures provide part of the solution, but the main\nbenefits are lost if a trusted party is still required to prevent\ndouble-spending.  We propose a solution to the double-spending\nproblem using a peer-to-peer network.  The network timestamps\ntransactions by hashing them into an ongoing chain of hash-based\nproof-of-work, forming a record that cannot be changed without\nredoing the proof-of-work.  The longest chain not only serves as\nproof of the sequence of events witnessed, but proof that it came\nfrom the largest pool of CPU power.  As long as honest nodes control\nthe most CPU power on the network, they can generate the longest\nchain and outpace any attackers.  The network itself requires\nminimal structure.  Messages are broadcasted on a best effort basis,\nand nodes can leave and rejoin the network at will, accepting the\nlongest proof-of-work chain as proof of what happened while they\nwere gone.\n\nFull paper at:\n[www.bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf](http://www.bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf)\n\nSatoshi Nakamoto",
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