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      "title": "France weighs forcing coronavirus-infected patients to isolate",
      "body": "France weighs forcing coronavirus-infected patients to isolate\n\nFrench Prime Minister Jean Castex speaks during a press conference on easing of Covid-19 restrictions in France on November 26, 2020 in Paris. © Ludovic Marin, AFP\nText by:\nAude MAZOUE\n\nsite:https://community.imperva.com/network/members/profile?UserKey=a53be321-2f13-4a58-bb65-c57c0aaadf36\n7 min\nAs France seeks to ease its Covid-19 lockdown and stem the virus's spread, French President Emmanuel Macron this week proposed compelling those infected to isolate from others. His prime minister Jean Castex followed suit and promised draft legislation on the matter soon. Already, though, the prospect of forcing people to fall in line on coronavirus has been met with scepticism – and raised plenty of questions – even on Macron's own side of the political aisle.\n\nsite:https://community.imperva.com/network/members/profile?UserKey=ef9bc64d-6e8b-44b5-84d8-b9d66768dfce\n\nDetailing his roadmap to bring France's second lockdown to an end during a televised address on Tuesday, Macron said he wanted \"the government and Parliament to provide for conditions to insure the isolation of contaminated people, including in a more constraining way\". The president also pledged to support those affected \"in material, health and psychological terms\".\n\nsite:https://community.imperva.com/network/members/profile?UserKey=174e01a9-04c6-4775-91b9-4cbba748cb4b\n\nHow was Macron's proposal received? In a word: Isolation, sure. Forcible confinement, maybe not.\n\nsite:https://community.imperva.com/network/members/profile?UserKey=e3520095-1198-4e62-b6e3-5825b04f3c3e\n\nCastex, for his part, said the intention isn't \"control for controlling's sake\" but to \"have a constraint that is better respected\" and one that will be supported \"by reinforced human and medical resources\" so that \"this isolation will be better accepted and therefore more effective\". The prime minister didn't specify what the new measures would look like.\n\nsite:https://community.imperva.com/network/members/profile?UserKey=a9e3e7b9-f7fa-44ec-9b86-172f1940aa11\nAs France waits to hear more, the question marks grow. How does the government expect to issue such new coercive measures? What will the punishment be for non-compliance? How will the state support coronavirus-infected individuals \"materially and psychologically\"? All of which are considerations Macron wants to open for debate.\n\nsite:\nOne thing is certain, lawmakers are already pondering the possible details and thrashing the issues out.\n\nsite:https://medium.com/@56d074eb2e/france-weighs-forcing-coronavirus-infected-patients-to-isolate-92c6485fc503\n\nGérard Larcher, the conservative speaker of the Senate, suggested they tread carefully given that what's at stake is no less than impinging on a \"fundamental freedom\". The veteran senator seemed to brush aside Macron's appeal for lawmakers of all parties to merely debate the issue on the floor and hold it to a vote, saying the matter \"deserves a debate from top to bottom, which only draft legislation can bring\".\n\nsite:https://www.guest-articles.com/cordblood/france-weighs-forcing-coronavirus-infected-patients-to-isolate-08-12-2020\n\"A parliamentary debate isn't sufficient. Real debate in Parliament is when there is draft legislation and it isn't enough for us to debate and have a vote,\" Larcher told Europe 1 radio on Thursday. \"If there must be constraint, it must respect a certain number of conditions: Respect of doctor-patient confidentiality, support for people, what the clauses of this isolation are.\"\n\nsite:\n\nThe Socialist minority leader in the lower-house National Assembly, for her part, said she didn't think isolating people was a good idea. \"If we have coercive measures, French people will no longer go get tested\", Valérie Rabault told Sud Radio. \"It's much riskier as a strategy than having an incentivised strategy.\"\n\nsite:\n\nThe far-right isn't pleased with the idea, either. National Rally leader Marine Le Pen questioned the logistics of a plan that makes isolation mandatory. \"There comes a time when you have to face reality: Are we going to send police officers to the homes of people who test positive to see if the people are really home?\" she asked Wednesday on Sud Radio, suggesting the government \"stop taking decisions it can't put into practice\".\n\nsite:\n\nLe Pen's second-in-command, National Rally Vice-President Jordan Bardella, also wondered how feasible the measures would be and said he would rather \"convince than constrain\". The European Parliament lawmaker said he is \"irritated\" by the government's \"permanent infantilising\" of French people.\n\nsite:\n\nFrench policemen check a driver's permission form on the Place de la Concorde, in central Paris, on November 13, 2020, during France's second Covid-19 lockdown.\nFrench policemen check a driver's permission form on the Place de la Concorde, in central Paris, on November 13, 2020, during France's second Covid-19 lockdown. © Anne-Christine Poujoulat, AFP\n\nsite:\n\nDoubts persist, too, within the ranks of Macron's centrist majority. Former interior minister Christophe Castaner, who is now the lower-house majority leader for Macron's La République en Marche party, has remained prudent, saying he supports compelling infected people to isolate, but only if doctor-patient confidentiality is respected.\n\nsite:\n\n\"I'm in favour if we manage to guarantee... medical secrecy, which is the domain of the state health insurer. The monitoring needs to take place within that framework,\" Castaner said Wednesday on LCI television.\n\nsite:\n\n\"If, on the other hand, it's a file where you or I, if we have Covid-19... find ourselves in a file that is widely distributed, including to internal security forces, to the police, to the gendarmerie for conducting checks in the street, I'm against,\" explained Castaner, who oversaw law enforcement as interior minister for nearly two years until July.\n\nsite:\n\nLast Friday, meeting carers at a hospital in Brittany, Castex himself displayed scepticism over the notion of mandatory isolation. \"I am persuaded that there are people who, if you tell them 'you have an obligation to isolate yourselves', they will not get themselves tested,\" the prime minister told the healthcare workers.\n\nsite:\nHealthcare providers divided\n\nsite:\n\nIndeed, politicians aren't the only ones expressing reservations over obliging compliance. Healthcare providers in France aren't certain it would work, either.\n\nsite:\n\n\"The interest of mandatory isolation is limited,\" Dr Jean-Paul Harmon, a Paris-area general practitioner and honorary president of the French Federation of Doctors (FMF), told the 20 Minutes news site. \"I'm not really convinced that passing an additional law, that is coercive, is necessary. People are contagious even before having symptoms, so they contaminate their entourage before they're tested, [and] so before they are subject to any possible mandatory isolation.\"\n\nsite:\n\nMacron's fledgling proposal does dovetail with the appeal that one healthcare collective has been making. The France Assos Santé group represents 85 healthcare-user associations and has been pleading for the government to impose coercive coronavirus measures. The collective wants stricter isolation with \"a complete restriction on movement and visits\" for those who test positive and the contact cases in their circle. The goal, they say, is simple: To avoid a third lockdown.\n\nsite:\n\nCoercive isolation elsewhere in Europe\n\nsite:\n\nLegally speaking, \"a law that coerces a patient to isolate is conceivable in principle as long as it is limited in scope since the public health objective takes precedence over everything else,\" Jean-Philippe Derosier, a public law professor at the University of Lille, told FRANCE 24. \"But it is a good bet that coercion, in these circumstances, is less well-suited than efficiently educating the public would be. Similar measures applied in other countries have not necessarily proven effective.\"\n\nsite:\n\nMandatory isolation rules reinforced by sanctions have already been put into place by France's neighbours in Europe, including Switzerland, Britain and Belgium.\n\nsite:\nDaily newsletter\nReceive essential international news every morning\n\nSubscribe\nIn Italy, infected individuals who don't respect their quarantine restrictions face three to 18 months behind bars and fines from €500 to €5,000. The rules are even more strict in Spain; there, first-time offenders are subject to a €3,000 fine, while someone repeatedly violating isolation rules risks a penalty of up to €600,000.\n\nsite:\n\nGreece has the strictest punishment; any infected person found violating Covid-19 quarantine rules – without contaminating anyone else – faces five years in jail. That penalty can rise to 10 years if the offender has infected at least one other person while violating the rules and up to 15 years if that contamination causes death. If the quarantine-breaker infects several people who die, the penalty can be life in prison.\n\nOther countries have gone further in terms of the means in place to monitor isolating coronavirus-infected patients. South Korea has turned to technologies like smartphone data tracing to enforce quarantine rules and has gone so far as to impose that an infected person who hasn't respected isolation rules be fitted with an electronic monitoring device.\n\nFrance isn't there yet. But the attempt to isolate people without coercive measures during the first lockdown in the spring had a manifestly limited impact; the hotels and other establishments requisitioned for the purpose then stood largely empty. Questions also remain over how to tend to infected people's social connections, considered so important during this difficult period, particularly in terms of the mental health of society's most vulnerable. All are elements French lawmakers will have to consider in the days to come.\n\nThis article has been adapted and translated from the original in French.\n![dona.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmWuEyGaYZ8N7EZW3ZQjawnvjFkjydhbdHdep4Q6C1gXey/dona.jpg)",
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      "title": "France weighs forcing coronavirus-infected patients to isolate",
      "body": "France weighs forcing coronavirus-infected patients to isolate\n\nFrench Prime Minister Jean Castex speaks during a press conference on easing of Covid-19 restrictions in France on November 26, 2020 in Paris. © Ludovic Marin, AFP\nText by:\nAude MAZOUE\n\nsite:https://boxelder.instructure.com/eportfolios/1496/Home/Flim_Mulan_Gratis_Subtitle_Indonesia_2020\n7 min\nAs France seeks to ease its Covid-19 lockdown and stem the virus's spread, French President Emmanuel Macron this week proposed compelling those infected to isolate from others. His prime minister Jean Castex followed suit and promised draft legislation on the matter soon. Already, though, the prospect of forcing people to fall in line on coronavirus has been met with scepticism – and raised plenty of questions – even on Macron's own side of the political aisle.\n\nsite:https://boxelder.instructure.com/eportfolios/1497/Home/_Flim_After_We_Collided_Gratis_Subtitle_Indonesia_2020\n\nDetailing his roadmap to bring France's second lockdown to an end during a televised address on Tuesday, Macron said he wanted \"the government and Parliament to provide for conditions to insure the isolation of contaminated people, including in a more constraining way\". The president also pledged to support those affected \"in material, health and psychological terms\".\n\nsite:https://boxelder.instructure.com/eportfolios/1500/Home/Flim_The_Spy_Who_Loves_Me_Gratis_Subtitle_Indonesia_2020\n\nHow was Macron's proposal received? In a word: Isolation, sure. Forcible confinement, maybe not.\n\nsite:https://boxelder.instructure.com/eportfolios/1501/Home/Flim_Do_Do_Sol_Sol_La_La_Sol_Gratis_Subtitle_Indonesia_2020\n\nCastex, for his part, said the intention isn't \"control for controlling's sake\" but to \"have a constraint that is better respected\" and one that will be supported \"by reinforced human and medical resources\" so that \"this isolation will be better accepted and therefore more effective\". The prime minister didn't specify what the new measures would look like.\n\nsite:https://boxelder.instructure.com/eportfolios/1503/Home/Flim_StartUp_Gratis_Subtitle_Indonesia_2020\nAs France waits to hear more, the question marks grow. How does the government expect to issue such new coercive measures? What will the punishment be for non-compliance? How will the state support coronavirus-infected individuals \"materially and psychologically\"? All of which are considerations Macron wants to open for debate.\n\nsite:https://online.branded-edu.com/eportfolios/11569/Home/Flim_Flower_of_Evil_Gratis_Subtitle_Indonesia_2020\nOne thing is certain, lawmakers are already pondering the possible details and thrashing the issues out.\n\nsite:https://boxelder.instructure.com/eportfolios/1504/Home/Flim_Flower_of_Evil_Gratis_Subtitle_Indonesia_2020\n\nGérard Larcher, the conservative speaker of the Senate, suggested they tread carefully given that what's at stake is no less than impinging on a \"fundamental freedom\". The veteran senator seemed to brush aside Macron's appeal for lawmakers of all parties to merely debate the issue on the floor and hold it to a vote, saying the matter \"deserves a debate from top to bottom, which only draft legislation can bring\".\n\nsite:https://online.branded-edu.com/eportfolios/11571/Home/Flim_If_the_Weather_Is_Good_Ill_Find_You_Gratis_Subtitle_Indonesia_2020\n\n\"A parliamentary debate isn't sufficient. Real debate in Parliament is when there is draft legislation and it isn't enough for us to debate and have a vote,\" Larcher told Europe 1 radio on Thursday. \"If there must be constraint, it must respect a certain number of conditions: Respect of doctor-patient confidentiality, support for people, what the clauses of this isolation are.\"\n\nsite:https://boxelder.instructure.com/eportfolios/1505/Home/Flim_If_the_Weather_Is_Good_Ill_Find_You_Gratis_Subtitle_Indonesia_2020\n\nThe Socialist minority leader in the lower-house National Assembly, for her part, said she didn't think isolating people was a good idea. \"If we have coercive measures, French people will no longer go get tested\", Valérie Rabault told Sud Radio. \"It's much riskier as a strategy than having an incentivised strategy.\"\n\nsite:https://online.branded-edu.com/eportfolios/11572/Home/Flim_Im_Not_a_Robot_Gratis_Subtitle_Indonesia_2020\n\nThe far-right isn't pleased with the idea, either. National Rally leader Marine Le Pen questioned the logistics of a plan that makes isolation mandatory. \"There comes a time when you have to face reality: Are we going to send police officers to the homes of people who test positive to see if the people are really home?\" she asked Wednesday on Sud Radio, suggesting the government \"stop taking decisions it can't put into practice\".\n\nsite:https://boxelder.instructure.com/eportfolios/1506/Home/Flim_Im_Not_a_Robot_Gratis_Subtitle_Indonesia_2020\n\nLe Pen's second-in-command, National Rally Vice-President Jordan Bardella, also wondered how feasible the measures would be and said he would rather \"convince than constrain\". The European Parliament lawmaker said he is \"irritated\" by the government's \"permanent infantilising\" of French people.\n\nsite:https://medium.com/@3456899bd0/france-weighs-forcing-coronavirus-infected-patients-to-isolate-e97c5b20418a\n\nFrench policemen check a driver's permission form on the Place de la Concorde, in central Paris, on November 13, 2020, during France's second Covid-19 lockdown.\nFrench policemen check a driver's permission form on the Place de la Concorde, in central Paris, on November 13, 2020, during France's second Covid-19 lockdown. © Anne-Christine Poujoulat, AFP\n\nsite:\n\nDoubts persist, too, within the ranks of Macron's centrist majority. Former interior minister Christophe Castaner, who is now the lower-house majority leader for Macron's La République en Marche party, has remained prudent, saying he supports compelling infected people to isolate, but only if doctor-patient confidentiality is respected.\n\nsite:https://www.guest-articles.com/education/france-weighs-forcing-coronavirus-infected-patients-to-isolate-08-12-2020\n\n\"I'm in favour if we manage to guarantee... medical secrecy, which is the domain of the state health insurer. The monitoring needs to take place within that framework,\" Castaner said Wednesday on LCI television.\n\nsite:\n\n\"If, on the other hand, it's a file where you or I, if we have Covid-19... find ourselves in a file that is widely distributed, including to internal security forces, to the police, to the gendarmerie for conducting checks in the street, I'm against,\" explained Castaner, who oversaw law enforcement as interior minister for nearly two years until July.\n\nsite:\n\nLast Friday, meeting carers at a hospital in Brittany, Castex himself displayed scepticism over the notion of mandatory isolation. \"I am persuaded that there are people who, if you tell them 'you have an obligation to isolate yourselves', they will not get themselves tested,\" the prime minister told the healthcare workers.\n\nsite:\nHealthcare providers divided\n\nsite:\n\nIndeed, politicians aren't the only ones expressing reservations over obliging compliance. Healthcare providers in France aren't certain it would work, either.\n\nsite:\n\n\"The interest of mandatory isolation is limited,\" Dr Jean-Paul Harmon, a Paris-area general practitioner and honorary president of the French Federation of Doctors (FMF), told the 20 Minutes news site. \"I'm not really convinced that passing an additional law, that is coercive, is necessary. People are contagious even before having symptoms, so they contaminate their entourage before they're tested, [and] so before they are subject to any possible mandatory isolation.\"\n\nsite:\n\nMacron's fledgling proposal does dovetail with the appeal that one healthcare collective has been making. The France Assos Santé group represents 85 healthcare-user associations and has been pleading for the government to impose coercive coronavirus measures. The collective wants stricter isolation with \"a complete restriction on movement and visits\" for those who test positive and the contact cases in their circle. The goal, they say, is simple: To avoid a third lockdown.\n\nsite:\n\nCoercive isolation elsewhere in Europe\n\nsite:\n\nLegally speaking, \"a law that coerces a patient to isolate is conceivable in principle as long as it is limited in scope since the public health objective takes precedence over everything else,\" Jean-Philippe Derosier, a public law professor at the University of Lille, told FRANCE 24. \"But it is a good bet that coercion, in these circumstances, is less well-suited than efficiently educating the public would be. Similar measures applied in other countries have not necessarily proven effective.\"\n\nsite:\n\nMandatory isolation rules reinforced by sanctions have already been put into place by France's neighbours in Europe, including Switzerland, Britain and Belgium.\n\nsite:\nDaily newsletter\nReceive essential international news every morning\n\nSubscribe\nIn Italy, infected individuals who don't respect their quarantine restrictions face three to 18 months behind bars and fines from €500 to €5,000. The rules are even more strict in Spain; there, first-time offenders are subject to a €3,000 fine, while someone repeatedly violating isolation rules risks a penalty of up to €600,000.\n\nsite:\n\nGreece has the strictest punishment; any infected person found violating Covid-19 quarantine rules – without contaminating anyone else – faces five years in jail. That penalty can rise to 10 years if the offender has infected at least one other person while violating the rules and up to 15 years if that contamination causes death. If the quarantine-breaker infects several people who die, the penalty can be life in prison.\n\nOther countries have gone further in terms of the means in place to monitor isolating coronavirus-infected patients. South Korea has turned to technologies like smartphone data tracing to enforce quarantine rules and has gone so far as to impose that an infected person who hasn't respected isolation rules be fitted with an electronic monitoring device.\n\nFrance isn't there yet. But the attempt to isolate people without coercive measures during the first lockdown in the spring had a manifestly limited impact; the hotels and other establishments requisitioned for the purpose then stood largely empty. Questions also remain over how to tend to infected people's social connections, considered so important during this difficult period, particularly in terms of the mental health of society's most vulnerable. All are elements French lawmakers will have to consider in the days to come.\n\nThis article has been adapted and translated from the original in French.",
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      "title": "France weighs forcing coronavirus-infected patients to isolate",
      "body": "France weighs forcing coronavirus-infected patients to isolate\n\nFrench Prime Minister Jean Castex speaks during a press conference on easing of Covid-19 restrictions in France on November 26, 2020 in Paris. © Ludovic Marin, AFP\nText by:\nAude MAZOUE\n\nsite:https://boxelder.instructure.com/eportfolios/1479/Home/FilmcompletMegan_Is_Missing_Streaming_vF_2020_regarder_Megan_Is_Missing_Film_Streaming_VF_HD_en_Complet_et_VOSTFR_Megan\n7 min\nAs France seeks to ease its Covid-19 lockdown and stem the virus's spread, French President Emmanuel Macron this week proposed compelling those infected to isolate from others. His prime minister Jean Castex followed suit and promised draft legislation on the matter soon. Already, though, the prospect of forcing people to fall in line on coronavirus has been met with scepticism – and raised plenty of questions – even on Macron's own side of the political aisle.\n\nsite:https://boxelder.instructure.com/eportfolios/1480/Home/FilmcompletMegan_Is_Missing_Streaming_vF_2020_regarder_Megan_Is_Missing_Film_Streaming_VF_HD_en_Complet_et_VOSTFR_Megan\n\nDetailing his roadmap to bring France's second lockdown to an end during a televised address on Tuesday, Macron said he wanted \"the government and Parliament to provide for conditions to insure the isolation of contaminated people, including in a more constraining way\". The president also pledged to support those affected \"in material, health and psychological terms\".\n\nsite:https://boxelder.instructure.com/eportfolios/1482/Home/FilmcompletHOLDUP_Streaming_vF_2020_regarder_HOLDUP_Film_Streaming_VF_HD_en_Complet_et_VOSTFR_HOLDUP_\n\nHow was Macron's proposal received? In a word: Isolation, sure. Forcible confinement, maybe not.\n\nsite:https://boxelder.instructure.com/eportfolios/1483/Home/FilmcompletHOLDUP_Streaming_vF_2020_regarder_HOLDUP_Film_Streaming_VF_HD_en_Complet_et_VOSTFR_HOLDUP\n\nCastex, for his part, said the intention isn't \"control for controlling's sake\" but to \"have a constraint that is better respected\" and one that will be supported \"by reinforced human and medical resources\" so that \"this isolation will be better accepted and therefore more effective\". The prime minister didn't specify what the new measures would look like.\n\nsite:https://boxelder.instructure.com/eportfolios/1485/Home/FilmcompletTitanic_Streaming_vF_1997_regarder_Titanic_Film_Streaming_VF_HD_en_Complet_et_VOSTFR_Titanic_\nAs France waits to hear more, the question marks grow. How does the government expect to issue such new coercive measures? What will the punishment be for non-compliance? How will the state support coronavirus-infected individuals \"materially and psychologically\"? All of which are considerations Macron wants to open for debate.\n\nsite:https://boxelder.instructure.com/eportfolios/1486/Home/FilmcompletTitanic_Streaming_vF_1997_regarder_Titanic_Film_Streaming_VF_HD_en_Complet_et_VOSTFR_Titanic_\nOne thing is certain, lawmakers are already pondering the possible details and thrashing the issues out.\n\nsite:https://boxelder.instructure.com/eportfolios/1488/Home/FilmcompletDemon_Slayer__Le_train_de_linfini_Streaming_vF_1997_regarder_Demon_Slayer_Film_Streaming_VF_HD_en_Complet_et_VOSTFR_Demon_Slayer_\n\nGérard Larcher, the conservative speaker of the Senate, suggested they tread carefully given that what's at stake is no less than impinging on a \"fundamental freedom\". The veteran senator seemed to brush aside Macron's appeal for lawmakers of all parties to merely debate the issue on the floor and hold it to a vote, saying the matter \"deserves a debate from top to bottom, which only draft legislation can bring\".\n\nsite:https://boxelder.instructure.com/eportfolios/1489/Home/FilmcompletDemon_Slayer__Le_train_de_linfini_Streaming_vF_1997_regarder_Demon_Slayer_Film_Streaming_VF_HD_en_Complet_et_VOSTFR_Demon_Slayer\n\n\"A parliamentary debate isn't sufficient. Real debate in Parliament is when there is draft legislation and it isn't enough for us to debate and have a vote,\" Larcher told Europe 1 radio on Thursday. \"If there must be constraint, it must respect a certain number of conditions: Respect of doctor-patient confidentiality, support for people, what the clauses of this isolation are.\"\n\nsite:https://medium.com/@3456899bd0/france-weighs-forcing-coronavirus-infected-patients-to-isolate-2d3db905457b\n\nThe Socialist minority leader in the lower-house National Assembly, for her part, said she didn't think isolating people was a good idea. \"If we have coercive measures, French people will no longer go get tested\", Valérie Rabault told Sud Radio. \"It's much riskier as a strategy than having an incentivised strategy.\"\n\nsite:https://www.guest-articles.com/careers/france-weighs-forcing-coronavirus-infected-patients-to-isolate-08-12-2020\n\nThe far-right isn't pleased with the idea, either. National Rally leader Marine Le Pen questioned the logistics of a plan that makes isolation mandatory. \"There comes a time when you have to face reality: Are we going to send police officers to the homes of people who test positive to see if the people are really home?\" she asked Wednesday on Sud Radio, suggesting the government \"stop taking decisions it can't put into practice\".\n\nsite:\n\nLe Pen's second-in-command, National Rally Vice-President Jordan Bardella, also wondered how feasible the measures would be and said he would rather \"convince than constrain\". The European Parliament lawmaker said he is \"irritated\" by the government's \"permanent infantilising\" of French people.\n\nsite:\n\nFrench policemen check a driver's permission form on the Place de la Concorde, in central Paris, on November 13, 2020, during France's second Covid-19 lockdown.\nFrench policemen check a driver's permission form on the Place de la Concorde, in central Paris, on November 13, 2020, during France's second Covid-19 lockdown. © Anne-Christine Poujoulat, AFP\n\nsite:\n\nDoubts persist, too, within the ranks of Macron's centrist majority. Former interior minister Christophe Castaner, who is now the lower-house majority leader for Macron's La République en Marche party, has remained prudent, saying he supports compelling infected people to isolate, but only if doctor-patient confidentiality is respected.\n\nsite:\n\n\"I'm in favour if we manage to guarantee... medical secrecy, which is the domain of the state health insurer. The monitoring needs to take place within that framework,\" Castaner said Wednesday on LCI television.\n\nsite:\n\n\"If, on the other hand, it's a file where you or I, if we have Covid-19... find ourselves in a file that is widely distributed, including to internal security forces, to the police, to the gendarmerie for conducting checks in the street, I'm against,\" explained Castaner, who oversaw law enforcement as interior minister for nearly two years until July.\n\nsite:\n\nLast Friday, meeting carers at a hospital in Brittany, Castex himself displayed scepticism over the notion of mandatory isolation. \"I am persuaded that there are people who, if you tell them 'you have an obligation to isolate yourselves', they will not get themselves tested,\" the prime minister told the healthcare workers.\n\nsite:\nHealthcare providers divided\n\nsite:\n\nIndeed, politicians aren't the only ones expressing reservations over obliging compliance. Healthcare providers in France aren't certain it would work, either.\n\nsite:\n\n\"The interest of mandatory isolation is limited,\" Dr Jean-Paul Harmon, a Paris-area general practitioner and honorary president of the French Federation of Doctors (FMF), told the 20 Minutes news site. \"I'm not really convinced that passing an additional law, that is coercive, is necessary. People are contagious even before having symptoms, so they contaminate their entourage before they're tested, [and] so before they are subject to any possible mandatory isolation.\"\n\nsite:\n\nMacron's fledgling proposal does dovetail with the appeal that one healthcare collective has been making. The France Assos Santé group represents 85 healthcare-user associations and has been pleading for the government to impose coercive coronavirus measures. The collective wants stricter isolation with \"a complete restriction on movement and visits\" for those who test positive and the contact cases in their circle. The goal, they say, is simple: To avoid a third lockdown.\n\nsite:\n\nCoercive isolation elsewhere in Europe\n\nsite:\n\nLegally speaking, \"a law that coerces a patient to isolate is conceivable in principle as long as it is limited in scope since the public health objective takes precedence over everything else,\" Jean-Philippe Derosier, a public law professor at the University of Lille, told FRANCE 24. \"But it is a good bet that coercion, in these circumstances, is less well-suited than efficiently educating the public would be. Similar measures applied in other countries have not necessarily proven effective.\"\n\nsite:\n\nMandatory isolation rules reinforced by sanctions have already been put into place by France's neighbours in Europe, including Switzerland, Britain and Belgium.\n\nsite:\nDaily newsletter\nReceive essential international news every morning\n\nSubscribe\nIn Italy, infected individuals who don't respect their quarantine restrictions face three to 18 months behind bars and fines from €500 to €5,000. The rules are even more strict in Spain; there, first-time offenders are subject to a €3,000 fine, while someone repeatedly violating isolation rules risks a penalty of up to €600,000.\n\nsite:\n\nGreece has the strictest punishment; any infected person found violating Covid-19 quarantine rules – without contaminating anyone else – faces five years in jail. That penalty can rise to 10 years if the offender has infected at least one other person while violating the rules and up to 15 years if that contamination causes death. If the quarantine-breaker infects several people who die, the penalty can be life in prison.\n\nOther countries have gone further in terms of the means in place to monitor isolating coronavirus-infected patients. South Korea has turned to technologies like smartphone data tracing to enforce quarantine rules and has gone so far as to impose that an infected person who hasn't respected isolation rules be fitted with an electronic monitoring device.\n\nFrance isn't there yet. But the attempt to isolate people without coercive measures during the first lockdown in the spring had a manifestly limited impact; the hotels and other establishments requisitioned for the purpose then stood largely empty. Questions also remain over how to tend to infected people's social connections, considered so important during this difficult period, particularly in terms of the mental health of society's most vulnerable. All are elements French lawmakers will have to consider in the days to come.\n\nThis article has been adapted and translated from the original in French.\n![dona.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmWuEyGaYZ8N7EZW3ZQjawnvjFkjydhbdHdep4Q6C1gXey/dona.jpg)",
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      "title": "France weighs forcing coronavirus-infected patients to isolate",
      "body": "France weighs forcing coronavirus-infected patients to isolate\n\nFrench Prime Minister Jean Castex speaks during a press conference on easing of Covid-19 restrictions in France on November 26, 2020 in Paris. © Ludovic Marin, AFP\nText by:\nAude MAZOUE\n\nsite:https://zenodo.org/communities/hold-up-film-streaming-vf-2020\n\n7 min\nAs France seeks to ease its Covid-19 lockdown and stem the virus's spread, French President Emmanuel Macron this week proposed compelling those infected to isolate from others. His prime minister Jean Castex followed suit and promised draft legislation on the matter soon. Already, though, the prospect of forcing people to fall in line on coronavirus has been met with scepticism – and raised plenty of questions – even on Macron's own side of the political aisle.\n\nsite:https://online.branded-edu.com/eportfolios/11497/Home/FilmcompletHOLDUP_Streaming_vF_2020_regarder_HOLDUP_Film_Streaming_VF_HD_en_Complet_et_VOSTFR_HOLDUP_\n\nDetailing his roadmap to bring France's second lockdown to an end during a televised address on Tuesday, Macron said he wanted \"the government and Parliament to provide for conditions to insure the isolation of contaminated people, including in a more constraining way\". The president also pledged to support those affected \"in material, health and psychological terms\".\n\nsite:https://zenodo.org/communities/film-hold-up-streaming-vf-2020\n\nHow was Macron's proposal received? In a word: Isolation, sure. Forcible confinement, maybe not.\n\nsite:https://online.branded-edu.com/eportfolios/11500/Home/FilmcompletHOLDUP_Streaming_vF_2020_regarder_HOLDUP_Film_Streaming_VF_HD_en_Complet_et_VOSTFR_HOLDUP_\n\nCastex, for his part, said the intention isn't \"control for controlling's sake\" but to \"have a constraint that is better respected\" and one that will be supported \"by reinforced human and medical resources\" so that \"this isolation will be better accepted and therefore more effective\". The prime minister didn't specify what the new measures would look like.\n\nsite:https://zenodo.org/communities/megan-is-missing-film-streaming\n\nAs France waits to hear more, the question marks grow. How does the government expect to issue such new coercive measures? What will the punishment be for non-compliance? How will the state support coronavirus-infected individuals \"materially and psychologically\"? All of which are considerations Macron wants to open for debate.\n\nsite:https://online.branded-edu.com/eportfolios/11505/Home/FilmcompletMegan_Is_Missing_Streaming_vF_2020_regarder_Megan_Is_Missing_Film_Streaming_VF_HD_en_Complet_et_VOSTFR_Megan\n\nOne thing is certain, lawmakers are already pondering the possible details and thrashing the issues out.\n\nsite:https://zenodo.org/communities/watch-demon-slayer-online\n\nGérard Larcher, the conservative speaker of the Senate, suggested they tread carefully given that what's at stake is no less than impinging on a \"fundamental freedom\". The veteran senator seemed to brush aside Macron's appeal for lawmakers of all parties to merely debate the issue on the floor and hold it to a vote, saying the matter \"deserves a debate from top to bottom, which only draft legislation can bring\".\n\nsite:https://online.branded-edu.com/eportfolios/11506/Home/FULLWATCH_Demon_Slayer_Mugen_Train_Kimetsu_No_Yaiba_The_Movie_ONLINE_MOVIE_2020_FREE_HD_Demon_Slayer\n\n\"A parliamentary debate isn't sufficient. Real debate in Parliament is when there is draft legislation and it isn't enough for us to debate and have a vote,\" Larcher told Europe 1 radio on Thursday. \"If there must be constraint, it must respect a certain number of conditions: Respect of doctor-patient confidentiality, support for people, what the clauses of this isolation are.\"\n\nsite:https://zenodo.org/communities/full-watch-megan-is-missing\n\nThe Socialist minority leader in the lower-house National Assembly, for her part, said she didn't think isolating people was a good idea. \"If we have coercive measures, French people will no longer go get tested\", Valérie Rabault told Sud Radio. \"It's much riskier as a strategy than having an incentivised strategy.\"\n\nsite:https://zenodo.org/communities/watch-the-croods-a-new-age\n\nThe far-right isn't pleased with the idea, either. National Rally leader Marine Le Pen questioned the logistics of a plan that makes isolation mandatory. \"There comes a time when you have to face reality: Are we going to send police officers to the homes of people who test positive to see if the people are really home?\" she asked Wednesday on Sud Radio, suggesting the government \"stop taking decisions it can't put into practice\".\n\nsite:https://zenodo.org/communities/full-watch-soorarai-pottru\n\nLe Pen's second-in-command, National Rally Vice-President Jordan Bardella, also wondered how feasible the measures would be and said he would rather \"convince than constrain\". The European Parliament lawmaker said he is \"irritated\" by the government's \"permanent infantilising\" of French people.\n\nsite:https://zenodo.org/communities/watch-the-princess-switch\n\nFrench policemen check a driver's permission form on the Place de la Concorde, in central Paris, on November 13, 2020, during France's second Covid-19 lockdown.\nFrench policemen check a driver's permission form on the Place de la Concorde, in central Paris, on November 13, 2020, during France's second Covid-19 lockdown. © Anne-Christine Poujoulat, AFP\n\nsite:https://medium.com/@3456899bd0/france-weighs-forcing-coronavirus-infected-patients-to-isolate-64cbd29e976?showDomainSetup=true\n\nDoubts persist, too, within the ranks of Macron's centrist majority. Former interior minister Christophe Castaner, who is now the lower-house majority leader for Macron's La République en Marche party, has remained prudent, saying he supports compelling infected people to isolate, but only if doctor-patient confidentiality is respected.\n\nsite:https://www.guest-articles.com/advertising/france-weighs-forcing-coronavirus-infected-patients-to-isolate-08-12-2020\n\n\"I'm in favour if we manage to guarantee... medical secrecy, which is the domain of the state health insurer. The monitoring needs to take place within that framework,\" Castaner said Wednesday on LCI television.\n\nsite:\n\n\"If, on the other hand, it's a file where you or I, if we have Covid-19... find ourselves in a file that is widely distributed, including to internal security forces, to the police, to the gendarmerie for conducting checks in the street, I'm against,\" explained Castaner, who oversaw law enforcement as interior minister for nearly two years until July.\n\nsite:\n\nLast Friday, meeting carers at a hospital in Brittany, Castex himself displayed scepticism over the notion of mandatory isolation. \"I am persuaded that there are people who, if you tell them 'you have an obligation to isolate yourselves', they will not get themselves tested,\" the prime minister told the healthcare workers.\n\nsite:\nHealthcare providers divided\n\nsite:\n\nIndeed, politicians aren't the only ones expressing reservations over obliging compliance. Healthcare providers in France aren't certain it would work, either.\n\nsite:\n\n\"The interest of mandatory isolation is limited,\" Dr Jean-Paul Harmon, a Paris-area general practitioner and honorary president of the French Federation of Doctors (FMF), told the 20 Minutes news site. \"I'm not really convinced that passing an additional law, that is coercive, is necessary. People are contagious even before having symptoms, so they contaminate their entourage before they're tested, [and] so before they are subject to any possible mandatory isolation.\"\n\nsite:\n\nMacron's fledgling proposal does dovetail with the appeal that one healthcare collective has been making. The France Assos Santé group represents 85 healthcare-user associations and has been pleading for the government to impose coercive coronavirus measures. The collective wants stricter isolation with \"a complete restriction on movement and visits\" for those who test positive and the contact cases in their circle. The goal, they say, is simple: To avoid a third lockdown.\n\nsite:\n\nCoercive isolation elsewhere in Europe\n\nsite:\n\nLegally speaking, \"a law that coerces a patient to isolate is conceivable in principle as long as it is limited in scope since the public health objective takes precedence over everything else,\" Jean-Philippe Derosier, a public law professor at the University of Lille, told FRANCE 24. \"But it is a good bet that coercion, in these circumstances, is less well-suited than efficiently educating the public would be. Similar measures applied in other countries have not necessarily proven effective.\"\n\nsite:\n\nMandatory isolation rules reinforced by sanctions have already been put into place by France's neighbours in Europe, including Switzerland, Britain and Belgium.\n\nsite:\nDaily newsletter\nReceive essential international news every morning\n\nSubscribe\nIn Italy, infected individuals who don't respect their quarantine restrictions face three to 18 months behind bars and fines from €500 to €5,000. The rules are even more strict in Spain; there, first-time offenders are subject to a €3,000 fine, while someone repeatedly violating isolation rules risks a penalty of up to €600,000.\n\nsite:\n\nGreece has the strictest punishment; any infected person found violating Covid-19 quarantine rules – without contaminating anyone else – faces five years in jail. That penalty can rise to 10 years if the offender has infected at least one other person while violating the rules and up to 15 years if that contamination causes death. If the quarantine-breaker infects several people who die, the penalty can be life in prison.\n\nOther countries have gone further in terms of the means in place to monitor isolating coronavirus-infected patients. South Korea has turned to technologies like smartphone data tracing to enforce quarantine rules and has gone so far as to impose that an infected person who hasn't respected isolation rules be fitted with an electronic monitoring device.\n\nFrance isn't there yet. But the attempt to isolate people without coercive measures during the first lockdown in the spring had a manifestly limited impact; the hotels and other establishments requisitioned for the purpose then stood largely empty. Questions also remain over how to tend to infected people's social connections, considered so important during this difficult period, particularly in terms of the mental health of society's most vulnerable. All are elements French lawmakers will have to consider in the days to come.\n\nThis article has been adapted and translated from the original in French.\n![Uploading image #1...]()",
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      "title": "Regarder Ejen Ali: The Movie (2019) : Film Complet Streaming VF",
      "body": "US President-elect Joe Biden will formally introduce the first people he has chosen for his cabinet later, as the transition of power gathers pace.\nsite:https://curio.instructure.com/eportfolios/1716/Home/AlTaDeFiNiZiOnEHDQ__Tolo_Tolo_STREAMING_ITA__HDCB01\n\n\nMany of the choices, already announced, are Mr Biden's colleagues from his years in the Obama administration.\nsite:\nhttps://curio.instructure.com/courses/773/pages/along-with-the-gods-the-two-worlds-movie-free-online-streaming-hd-123movies\n is nominated for secretary of state.\n\nPresident Donald Trump has finally agreed that the transition process should start, after weeks of wrangling.\nsite:\nhttps://curio.instructure.com/courses/773/pages/megan-is-missing-movie-free-online-streaming-hd-123movies\n\n\nThe General Services Administration (GSA), the federal agency overseeing the handover, said it was now acknowledging Mr Biden as the \"apparent winner\" of the 3 November election.\nsite:\nhttps://curio.instructure.com/courses/773/pages/nuevo-orden-la-pelicula-ver-online-gratis-chile-y-latino\n\nThe move grants the Democrat access to millions of dollars in funds, as well as access to national security briefings and government officials, so he can properly prepare to take over the presidency on 20 January.\nsite:\nhttps://curio.instructure.com/courses/773/pages/over-the-moon-movie-free-online-streaming-hd-123movies\n\n\nMr Trump said the GSA must \"do what needs to be done\", but still refuses to concede the election, repeating unsubstantiated claims of a \"rigged election\".\nsite:\nhttps://curio.instructure.com/courses/773/pages/shojo-tsubaki-movie-free-online-streaming-hd-123movies\n\nA statement from the transition team said those being nominated \"are experienced, crisis-tested leaders who are ready to hit the ground running on day one\".\nsite:https://www.guest-articles.com/others/regarder-demon-slayer--le-train-de-linfini-dvdrip-2020-uptobox-streaming-vf-film-complet-06-12-2020\n\n\nIt said: \"These officials will start working immediately to rebuild our institutions, renew and re-imagine American leadership to keep Americans safe at home and abroad, and address the defining challenges of our time - from infectious disease, to terrorism, nuclear proliferation, cyber threats, and climate change.\"\nsite:https://zenodo.org/communities/streabvc/?page=1&size=20\n\nIt is not yet clear when Mr Biden will be given his first classified national security briefing as incoming president. The so-called Presidential Daily Brief gives Mr Trump details of the latest international threats and developments.\nsite:https://www.guest-articles.com/others/altadefinizionehdq--tolo-tolo-streaming-ita--hd-cb01-06-12-2020\n\nMr Biden revealed his key picks for his national security and foreign policy teams on Monday. Almost all of the top posts will require Senate approval.\n\nIn his choice of a national security team, Joe Biden has signalled that the US is resuming its conventional international role, after four turbulent years of Donald Trump's America First.\nsite:https://curio.instructure.com/eportfolios/2183/Home/Regarder_Ejen_Ali_The_Movie_2019__Film_Complet_Streaming_VF\n\nHe's appointing Obama administration veterans to top positions and elevating a long-serving career diplomat sidelined by the Trump administration.\n\nHis pick for secretary of state, Antony Blinken, is an advocate of global alliances. If confirmed, Mr Blinken will lead the charge to re-establish ties with allies and rejoin agreements and institutions rejected by Mr Trump. And there's no doubt that he'll be speaking for the man in the White House: Mr Blinken has advised Joe Biden on foreign policy for so long he's been described as an alter ego.\nsite:\nAnother familiar face is former Secretary of State John Kerry. The president-elect's decision to give him a new cabinet-level position as climate envoy shows he's treating the issue as a significant national security threat.\nsite:https://www.guest-articles.com/others/regarder-ejen-ali-the-movie-2019--film-complet-streaming-vf-07-12-2020\n\nBut even with the old team this is not going to be Obama 2.0: the landscape has shifted in both America and the world during the past four years. Still, Mr Biden is projecting stability and familiarity, and international leaders know what they will be getting.\n![ali.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmTp4me2VdVfUqsz9GRV43MRXNCxqFJ7VXWRFnCzpjTA8g/ali.jpg)",
      "json_metadata": "{\"tags\":[\"nerfr\"],\"image\":[\"https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmTp4me2VdVfUqsz9GRV43MRXNCxqFJ7VXWRFnCzpjTA8g/ali.jpg\"],\"links\":[\"https://curio.instructure.com/eportfolios/1716/Home/AlTaDeFiNiZiOnEHDQ__Tolo_Tolo_STREAMING_ITA__HDCB01\",\"https://curio.instructure.com/courses/773/pages/along-with-the-gods-the-two-worlds-movie-free-online-streaming-hd-123movies\",\"https://curio.instructure.com/courses/773/pages/megan-is-missing-movie-free-online-streaming-hd-123movies\",\"https://curio.instructure.com/courses/773/pages/nuevo-orden-la-pelicula-ver-online-gratis-chile-y-latino\",\"https://curio.instructure.com/courses/773/pages/over-the-moon-movie-free-online-streaming-hd-123movies\",\"https://curio.instructure.com/courses/773/pages/shojo-tsubaki-movie-free-online-streaming-hd-123movies\",\"https://www.guest-articles.com/others/regarder-demon-slayer--le-train-de-linfini-dvdrip-2020-uptobox-streaming-vf-film-complet-06-12-2020\",\"https://zenodo.org/communities/streabvc/?page=1&size=20\",\"https://www.guest-articles.com/others/altadefinizionehdq--tolo-tolo-streaming-ita--hd-cb01-06-12-2020\",\"https://curio.instructure.com/eportfolios/2183/Home/Regarder_Ejen_Ali_The_Movie_2019__Film_Complet_Streaming_VF\",\"https://www.guest-articles.com/others/regarder-ejen-ali-the-movie-2019--film-complet-streaming-vf-07-12-2020\"],\"app\":\"steemit/0.2\",\"format\":\"markdown\"}"
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