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      "body": "Congratulations @rak! You received a personal award!\n\n<table><tr><td>https://steemitimages.com/70x70/http://steemitboard.com/@rak/birthday3.png</td><td>Happy Birthday! - You are on the Steem blockchain for 3 years!</td></tr></table>\n\n<sub>_You can view [your badges on your Steem Board](https://steemitboard.com/@rak) and compare to others on the [Steem Ranking](https://steemitboard.com/ranking/index.php?name=rak)_</sub>\n\n\n###### [Vote for @Steemitboard as a witness](https://v2.steemconnect.com/sign/account-witness-vote?witness=steemitboard&approve=1) to get one more award and increased upvotes!",
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      "body": "Congratulations @rak! You received a personal award!\n\n<table><tr><td>https://steemitimages.com/70x70/http://steemitboard.com/@rak/birthday2.png</td><td>2 Years on Steemit</td></tr></table>\n\n<sub>_[Click here to view your Board of Honor](https://steemitboard.com/@rak)_</sub>\n\n\n**Do not miss the last post from @steemitboard:**\n<table><tr><td><a href=\"https://steemit.com/steemitboard/@steemitboard/5jrq2c-steemitboard-saint-nicholas-day\"><img src=\"https://steemitimages.com/64x128/http://i.cubeupload.com/mGo2Zd.png\"></a></td><td><a href=\"https://steemit.com/steemitboard/@steemitboard/5jrq2c-steemitboard-saint-nicholas-day\">Saint Nicholas challenge for good boys and girls</a></td></tr></table>\n\n> Support [SteemitBoard's project](https://steemit.com/@steemitboard)! **[Vote for its witness](https://v2.steemconnect.com/sign/account-witness-vote?witness=steemitboard&approve=1)** and **get one more award**!",
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      "body": "![Copy of Copy of Copy of 5 tips for.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmTgsPn9nXtnTfXVPxpLvJN3HqvvikwdVFt76FyKbpzLHP/Copy%20of%20Copy%20of%20Copy%20of%205%20tips%20for.jpg)\n\nRecently edChain, one of the first distributed networks for education, switched from ethereum to Stellar for payments on its content distribution platform. Ethereum, the most popular blockchain for payments, with thousands upon thousands of transactions occurring per day, has run into problems, due to its popularity, particularly high cost, which is the prime reason edChain made the switch.\n\nFor edChain, which strives to “democratize” and “lower the cost” of global education, any savings in that process is extremely valuable. On a high level, educators and institutions publish education content on the edChain network, and in return receive payments as the content is distributed to a larger, worldwide market. Other than a small transaction fee (approximately 1%) the educator receives full revenues from his or her published content. These revenues are much more than third party platforms which can charge anywhere from 25–50% (Udemy for instance, takes 50%). Also, the transaction fee is less than many payment processors which can charge 1.5–2.5%. Learners benefit in that they can access content from anywhere in the world, even without a broadband internet connection, opening up opportunity, particularly in poor and remote areas.\n\nSavings incurred by the switch to Stellar can be passed along to all of the players in the edChain network. In addition to the above, these may include institutions, publishers and more. Transactions on the Stellar blockchain cost just over a fraction of a penny whereas it costs more than $1 to process an Ethereum transaction. With the larger and larger numbers of Ethereum transactions waiting to be processed, miners need more money to be incentivized to process transactions before others in the queue. With a narrower market, however, does not have such demands.\n\nStellar is also economical as it supports simple programming so companies do not need to hire expensive solidity developers. Knowledge of the solidity programming language is often needed to write the complicated smart contracts with Ethereum, which uses Turing-complete programming language. However, many applications, including the majority of token sales, also known as ICOs (Initial Coin Offerings) don’t require the full generality of Turning Smart Contracts.\n\nEven at a lower cost, speed and security are not sacrificed. Transactions on the Stellar blockchain can settle in 2 to 5 seconds whereas it can take more than a minute to settle Ethereum transactions. Stellar’s limited system for smart contracts prevents people from writing exploitable code which can have pitfalls and be targeted for hacking schemes. Stellar is secure enough to be used for ICOs, which have traditionally been with ER20 tokens on the Ethereum network. Mobius Network was the first to do an ICO on Stellar, raising more than $39 million at the beginning of this year. Even for more general purposes, companies are utilizing Stellar. For instance, Kik, a social messaging platform, recently announced its switch to Stellar from ethereum. IBM, also, is using Stellar’s network for cross border payments and Deloitte is a partner.",
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      "author": "cheetah",
      "body": "Hi! I am a robot. I just upvoted you! I found similar content that readers might be interested in:\nhttps://medium.com/@EdChain/why-we-switched-to-stellar-for-payments-6ef2a8de5380",
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      "body": "![Copy of Copy of Copy of 5 tips for.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmTgsPn9nXtnTfXVPxpLvJN3HqvvikwdVFt76FyKbpzLHP/Copy%20of%20Copy%20of%20Copy%20of%205%20tips%20for.jpg)![]\n\nRecently edChain, one of the first distributed networks for education, switched from ethereum to Stellar for payments on its content distribution platform. Ethereum, the most popular blockchain for payments, with thousands upon thousands of transactions occurring per day, has run into problems, due to its popularity, particularly high cost, which is the prime reason edChain made the switch.\n\nFor edChain, which strives to “democratize” and “lower the cost” of global education, any savings in that process is extremely valuable. On a high level, educators and institutions publish education content on the edChain network, and in return receive payments as the content is distributed to a larger, worldwide market. Other than a small transaction fee (approximately 1%) the educator receives full revenues from his or her published content. These revenues are much more than third party platforms which can charge anywhere from 25–50% (Udemy for instance, takes 50%). Also, the transaction fee is less than many payment processors which can charge 1.5–2.5%. Learners benefit in that they can access content from anywhere in the world, even without a broadband internet connection, opening up opportunity, particularly in poor and remote areas.\n\nSavings incurred by the switch to Stellar can be passed along to all of the players in the edChain network. In addition to the above, these may include institutions, publishers and more. Transactions on the Stellar blockchain cost just over a fraction of a penny whereas it costs more than $1 to process an Ethereum transaction. With the larger and larger numbers of Ethereum transactions waiting to be processed, miners need more money to be incentivized to process transactions before others in the queue. With a narrower market, however, does not have such demands.\n\nStellar is also economical as it supports simple programming so companies do not need to hire expensive solidity developers. Knowledge of the solidity programming language is often needed to write the complicated smart contracts with Ethereum, which uses Turing-complete programming language. However, many applications, including the majority of token sales, also known as ICOs (Initial Coin Offerings) don’t require the full generality of Turning Smart Contracts.\n\nEven at a lower cost, speed and security are not sacrificed. Transactions on the Stellar blockchain can settle in 2 to 5 seconds whereas it can take more than a minute to settle Ethereum transactions. Stellar’s limited system for smart contracts prevents people from writing exploitable code which can have pitfalls and be targeted for hacking schemes. Stellar is secure enough to be used for ICOs, which have traditionally been with ER20 tokens on the Ethereum network. Mobius Network was the first to do an ICO on Stellar, raising more than $39 million at the beginning of this year. Even for more general purposes, companies are utilizing Stellar. For instance, Kik, a social messaging platform, recently announced its switch to Stellar from ethereum. IBM, also, is using Stellar’s network for cross border payments and Deloitte is a partner.",
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      "body": "In the standard software industry parlance, a software fork is just a copy of an existing project. Considering the current pre-eminence of open-source software development, a software fork can very often be carried out without explicit permission from the developer of the original project. In case of the blockchain, it is different. A blockchain fork is when a blockchain splits into two separate chains.\n\nFirst, let’s revisit blockchain in an elementary manner. In this technology, a network of computers, commonly called “nodes” maintain a shared, verifiable, and immutable record of data. Two or more block records, commonly called “blocks”, are linked together while adhering to a predetermined protocol, in this distributed database. Each node has the complete information of the blockchain, and hence each node can be considered as a ledger. This is why blockchain is also often referred to as “Distributed Ledger Technology” (DLT). Unlike one central server, or any other method of ensuring every update goes through one central point of authority, every node in a blockchain has the same authority. Every node can add a new block if consensus on the validity of the transaction can be achieved. To achieve this consensus, a node has to carry out significant number-crunching operation at high speed to solve a cryptographic puzzle and provide evidence of that. This evidence is called “proof of work” (POW). In summary, to add a new block, a node has to achieve consensus, and it is here that the concept of fork enters our discussion.\n\nTake for example a blockchain where the existing protocol mandates blocks of 1 megabyte (MB) size. “Miners”, i.e. a combination of user, software, and specialized hardware, in this blockchain will continue to follow this 1 MB mandate, so that they can get rewarded for their mining. What happens when a miner decides to create a 2 MB block instead? Initially the other miners will ignore this block since it does not conform to the rules. Remember that the other miners are looking for rewards, for which they will need to adhere to the rules. Let’s assume that our adventurous miner continues to create 2 MB blocks on top of the earlier 2 MB blocks he/she had created. If the other miners continue to ignore these blocks, then eventually the chain of the 2 MB blocks will be the shortest chain and will be orphaned by the network. If this is just one miner trying to break the rules, then the transgression will have a negligible economic impact in terms of whatever that blockchain is dealing with, for e.g. Bitcoin, Ethereum etc. Note that at this point there is already a split in the network, i.e. there are now multiple chains, one with 1 MB blocks and another shorter chain of 2 MB blocks. A fork has occurred!\n\nWhat if 25% of the miners in the network feel that 2 MB blocks should be created instead of 1 MB ones, and start adding blocks on top of the 2 MB chain of blocks? Now we have a fork of a real economic significance!\n\nNow, to actually change the rules in this blockchain and allow 2 MB blocks instead of 1 MB, we will need a “hard fork”. A hard fork is when the software is upgraded to introduce a new rule, and as a result, the network will no longer be compatible with the older software. If a miner continues to run the old software, then he/she will see the new transactions as invalid. In order to mine valid blocks in the new chain, an upgradation is must for that node. When Ethereum community was split over their decentralized autonomous organization (DAO) and became two entities, Ethereum and Ethereum Classic, it was a split over rules, and it was a hard fork.\n\nOn the contrary, let’s consider that some miners wanted to create 500 kilobytes (KB) blocks instead of the 1 MB ones in our blockchain. If this change is done, the nodes that did not upgrade will continue to see the 500 k blocks as valid, since 500 k is less than 1 MB, however, if these non-upgraded nodes continue to mine blocks, their new blocks will be rejected by the upgraded nodes. This is “soft fork”, and to implement this majority of hash power, i.e. the majority of the computing power in the network, needs to support the change.\n\nThere can also be unplanned forks, which are usually results of not understanding the software complexity or changes made without sufficient planning, review, and testing. These can cause serious security risks in the network.\n\nTo sum it up then, there can be different types of forks in a blockchain network:\n\n- Soft forks — these invalidate previously valid blocks, and can cause security risks for non-upgrading nodes;\n- Hard forks — make previously invalid blocks valid, and the non-upgrading nodes become incompatible;\n- Unplanned forks — results of inadequately understood software complexity or rushed changes, and can cause a serious vulnerability in the network.",
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      "body": "<html>\n<p>Congratulations <a href=\"/@rak\" target=\"_blank\">@rak</a>, you have decided to take the next big step with your first post! The Steem Network Team wishes you a great time among this awesome community.</p>\n<hr>\n<div class=\"pull-left\"><img src=\"https://steemitimages.com/DQmaAdLUJ3yaSkmcmWECWyPGPWcjfbCoZ8Tu4RM6H4DbjCi/steem-network-thumbs-up.gif\" alt=\"Thumbs up for Steem Network´s strategy\" title=\"I suggest Steem Network´s strategy\" width=\"320\" height=\"222\"></div>\n<h1>The proven road to boost your personal success in this amazing Steem Network</h1>\n<p>Do you already know that awesome content will get great profits by following these <a href=\"/steem-network/@steem-network/spread-your-posts-through-this-proven-strategy-and-get-great-profits-in-return--for-posts-created-at-2018-02-27\" target=\"_blank\" alt=\"Steem Network\" title=\"Follow Steem Network´s suggestions to boost your success\">simple steps</a>, that have been worked out by experts?</p>\n</html>",
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      "author": "cheetah",
      "body": "Hi! I am a robot. I just upvoted you! I found similar content that readers might be interested in:\nhttps://medium.com/edchain/crypto-exchanges-whats-the-difference-which-should-i-pick-64904d992c8a",
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      "body": "With the increasing number of cryptocurrencies available nowadays, I think it’s the right time to look at how to trade in cryptocurrencies. I'm looking at potential objectives and at the various factors you should consider before choosing the right trading platform. At the end there's a short list of cryp exchanges that might be suitable for you. Please feel free to reach out to me if you have any uestions or thoughts! \n\n#### With regards to cryptocurrencies, you probably have one or more of the following trading objectives:\n1. To buy from, and sell to, other traders in cryptocurrencies;\n2. To trade directly with people from all over the world, where sellers set the price;\n3. To trade in cryptocurrencies where price is set by the broker, like forex brokerage;\n4. To buy and hold cryptocurrency funds.\n\n\n#### Following are the respective trading platform types for the above trading objectives:\n- Traditional cryptocurrency exchanges, which are like today’s stock exchanges, and you can buy and sell based on current market price, while the exchange acts like a middleman, and charges a fee for the transaction. An example is GDAX, owned by Coinbase. \n- Direct trading exchanges offer direct peer-to-peer trading, where the seller sets the price.\n- Cryptocurrency brokers, which are similar to currency exchanges at the airports. Here the broker sets the price, which is market price plus a small premium. An example is Coinbase.\n- Cryptocurrency funds are professionally managed cryptocurrency assets, where you can buy and hold cryptocurrency via the fund. GBTC is an example.\n\n\n#### While looking for the cryptocurrency trading platform, you should consider the following:\n- The reputation of the exchange, i.e. is it secured, do they provide transparent data about coins, are there a sufficient number of good reviews in the relevant cryptocurrency trading forums?\n- Ease of use: particularly important if you are a new user, or don’t have sufficient technical familiarity with cryptocurrencies. Some exchanges are suitable for advanced users only, while some require the user to have considerable technical knowledge. It’s important to consider the services they offer, for e.g. wallets, different trading options etc.\n- Clarity on the fees charged by the exchange.\n- Which cryptocurrencies are listed, do they have the one you are interested in?\n- What are the payment methods, for e.g. do they accept PayPal, and is there flexibility?\n- Do you want to remain anonymous? If you do, you need to check the verification requirements, because some of the exchanges require rigorous ID verification.\n- Does the exchange work in your geography?\n- Are the exchange rates clear, and are they to your liking? Remember that the rates fluctuate.\n\n## Prominent cryptocurrency exchanges, and their pros and cons:\n\n\n**Coinbase**: The most reputed one, used by millions of people to buy, sell, store and trade cryptocurrencies securely. They deal with the two big ones in the market, i.e. Bitcoin and Ethereum, besides they also have Litecoin and Bitcoin Cash. It’s ideal for beginners, and secure. It’s very user friendly, and operates in the US, Canada, Europe, UK, Australia and Singapore. It allows debit card transactions, and has online wallet that’s also insured. However, advanced traders won’t find it flexible enough, and they have very few cryptocurrencies. \n\n**Bittrex**: A contender for the tag of world’s largest cryptocurrency exchange, they offer 200 trading pairs, and enjoys a high degree of trust. It’s the best-known altcoin exchange, and has high volume suitable for big trades. However, they haven’t scaled as Coinbase has, and have very heavy vetting requirements. \n\n**Binance**: This China-based exchange is relatively new, but has proven its mettle with the clients. It has very robust analytics and offers both basic and advanced interfaces, suited to traders of varying experience levels. They charge very low transaction fees, offers a wide variety of coins including rare ones, and offers high liquidity that facilitates easy entry and exit. However, there is lack of clarity on how regulations in China will impact its future. \n\n**Localbitcoins.com**: They deal in Bitcoins only, and allow you to execute person-to-person transactions all over the world, i.e. you interact directly with buyer/seller. PayPal can be used, it’s available all around the world, and this exchange does not require any verification in most cases. However, keep in mind that there are risks associated with completely anonymous transactions. Also, in-person transactions take long to complete. \n\n**GDAX**: A subsidiary of Coinbase, this is really good for technical traders and has high degree of liquidity. Processing of deposits and withdrawals is fast, deposits are in US $, and GDAX is known as the best Ethereum exchange. It’s really optimized for serious traders. However, keep in mind that ID processing steps are more than many other exchanges. \n\n**Kraken**: Offers a lot of variety in terms of cryptocurrencies listed, for e.g. they have Ripple, Stellar Lumen, Zcash etc. in addition to Bitcoin and Ethereum. The user can trade between Bitcoin and US $, Euros, Canadian Dollars British Pounds, and Japanese Yen. This exchange offers high degree of flexibility for advanced traders, and has very good global reach. However, if you are a newcomer, this platform is certainly not for you, because this is a complicated exchange. It’s less user-friendly when compared to market leaders like Coinbase. \n\nIf this is the first time you are going to trade in cryptocurrency, the simplest option is an exchange-broker-wallet hybrid. This allows you to trade and invest using one single platform. Coinbase/GDAX is one such hybrid, which is ideal for a newcomer to this space.",
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