Ecoer Logo
VOTING POWER100.00%
DOWNVOTE POWER100.00%
RESOURCE CREDITS100.00%
REPUTATION PROGRESS97.89%
Net Worth
0.120USD
STEEM
0.000STEEM
SBD
0.174SBD
Effective Power
5.007SP
├── Own SP
0.631SP
└── Incoming Deleg
+4.376SP

Detailed Balance

STEEM
balance
0.000STEEM
market_balance
0.000STEEM
savings_balance
0.000STEEM
reward_steem_balance
0.000STEEM
STEEM POWER
Own SP
0.631SP
Delegated Out
0.000SP
Delegation In
4.376SP
Effective Power
5.007SP
Reward SP (pending)
0.115SP
SBD
sbd_balance
0.000SBD
sbd_conversions
0.000SBD
sbd_market_balance
0.000SBD
savings_sbd_balance
0.000SBD
reward_sbd_balance
0.174SBD
{
  "balance": "0.000 STEEM",
  "savings_balance": "0.000 STEEM",
  "reward_steem_balance": "0.000 STEEM",
  "vesting_shares": "1026.138017 VESTS",
  "delegated_vesting_shares": "0.000000 VESTS",
  "received_vesting_shares": "7117.521789 VESTS",
  "sbd_balance": "0.000 SBD",
  "savings_sbd_balance": "0.000 SBD",
  "reward_sbd_balance": "0.174 SBD",
  "conversions": []
}

Account Info

namemonistowl
id472305
rank800,702
reputation2142825957
created2017-12-01T20:46:21
recovery_accountsteem
proxyNone
post_count7
comment_count0
lifetime_vote_count0
witnesses_voted_for0
last_post2017-12-02T04:55:21
last_root_post2017-12-01T22:06:39
last_vote_time2017-12-04T15:31:12
proxied_vsf_votes0, 0, 0, 0
can_vote1
voting_power0
delayed_votes0
balance0.000 STEEM
savings_balance0.000 STEEM
sbd_balance0.000 SBD
savings_sbd_balance0.000 SBD
vesting_shares1026.138017 VESTS
delegated_vesting_shares0.000000 VESTS
received_vesting_shares7117.521789 VESTS
reward_vesting_balance235.928716 VESTS
vesting_balance0.000 STEEM
vesting_withdraw_rate0.000000 VESTS
next_vesting_withdrawal1969-12-31T23:59:59
withdrawn0
to_withdraw0
withdraw_routes0
savings_withdraw_requests0
last_account_recovery1970-01-01T00:00:00
reset_accountnull
last_owner_update1970-01-01T00:00:00
last_account_update2017-12-02T01:50:00
minedNo
sbd_seconds0
sbd_last_interest_payment1970-01-01T00:00:00
savings_sbd_last_interest_payment1970-01-01T00:00:00
{
  "active": {
    "account_auths": [],
    "key_auths": [
      [
        "STM8m4Ncj1mdGMKqd5LiZ1dbPykienKJ9M3bah7PVvERr6qnJhyn5",
        1
      ]
    ],
    "weight_threshold": 1
  },
  "balance": "0.000 STEEM",
  "can_vote": true,
  "comment_count": 0,
  "created": "2017-12-01T20:46:21",
  "curation_rewards": 0,
  "delegated_vesting_shares": "0.000000 VESTS",
  "downvote_manabar": {
    "current_mana": 2035914951,
    "last_update_time": 1779076776
  },
  "guest_bloggers": [],
  "id": 472305,
  "json_metadata": "",
  "last_account_recovery": "1970-01-01T00:00:00",
  "last_account_update": "2017-12-02T01:50:00",
  "last_owner_update": "1970-01-01T00:00:00",
  "last_post": "2017-12-02T04:55:21",
  "last_root_post": "2017-12-01T22:06:39",
  "last_vote_time": "2017-12-04T15:31:12",
  "lifetime_vote_count": 0,
  "market_history": [],
  "memo_key": "STM7ruMbjnTd1uUw56U1EbBWtoU8friXKHwWx9hETkoSay6eoGqeJ",
  "mined": false,
  "name": "monistowl",
  "next_vesting_withdrawal": "1969-12-31T23:59:59",
  "other_history": [],
  "owner": {
    "account_auths": [],
    "key_auths": [
      [
        "STM7ZAHPNnmt7Z2n43vXEDVtzKjYYkT3C1F9rdyqcycJYBUT5JuKo",
        1
      ]
    ],
    "weight_threshold": 1
  },
  "pending_claimed_accounts": 0,
  "post_bandwidth": 0,
  "post_count": 7,
  "post_history": [],
  "posting": {
    "account_auths": [
      [
        "utopian.app",
        1
      ]
    ],
    "key_auths": [
      [
        "STM7U2Au6TN6xPkhycLvPYBPEZVBsTVA2ZSiaaHS5VKzgpxTCcW5x",
        1
      ]
    ],
    "weight_threshold": 1
  },
  "posting_json_metadata": "",
  "posting_rewards": 229,
  "proxied_vsf_votes": [
    0,
    0,
    0,
    0
  ],
  "proxy": "",
  "received_vesting_shares": "7117.521789 VESTS",
  "recovery_account": "steem",
  "reputation": 2142825957,
  "reset_account": "null",
  "reward_sbd_balance": "0.174 SBD",
  "reward_steem_balance": "0.000 STEEM",
  "reward_vesting_balance": "235.928716 VESTS",
  "reward_vesting_steem": "0.115 STEEM",
  "savings_balance": "0.000 STEEM",
  "savings_sbd_balance": "0.000 SBD",
  "savings_sbd_last_interest_payment": "1970-01-01T00:00:00",
  "savings_sbd_seconds": "0",
  "savings_sbd_seconds_last_update": "1970-01-01T00:00:00",
  "savings_withdraw_requests": 0,
  "sbd_balance": "0.000 SBD",
  "sbd_last_interest_payment": "1970-01-01T00:00:00",
  "sbd_seconds": "0",
  "sbd_seconds_last_update": "1970-01-01T00:00:00",
  "tags_usage": [],
  "to_withdraw": 0,
  "transfer_history": [],
  "vesting_balance": "0.000 STEEM",
  "vesting_shares": "1026.138017 VESTS",
  "vesting_withdraw_rate": "0.000000 VESTS",
  "vote_history": [],
  "voting_manabar": {
    "current_mana": "8143659806",
    "last_update_time": 1779076776
  },
  "voting_power": 0,
  "withdraw_routes": 0,
  "withdrawn": 0,
  "witness_votes": [],
  "witnesses_voted_for": 0,
  "rank": 800702
}

Withdraw Routes

IncomingOutgoing
Empty
Empty
{
  "incoming": [],
  "outgoing": []
}
From Date
To Date
steemdelegated 4.376 SP to @monistowl
2026/05/18 03:59:36
delegateemonistowl
delegatorsteem
vesting shares7117.521789 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #106147914/Trx cb74d93604143507393168f1b288152e2657d74c
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "block": 106147914,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "monistowl",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "7117.521789 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2026-05-18T03:59:36",
  "trx_id": "cb74d93604143507393168f1b288152e2657d74c",
  "trx_in_block": 1,
  "virtual_op": 0
}
steemdelegated 2.708 SP to @monistowl
2026/05/12 19:00:30
delegateemonistowl
delegatorsteem
vesting shares4405.311384 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #105993872/Trx 5c3e09c75c20a23039f647b706afb33041c20134
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "block": 105993872,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "monistowl",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "4405.311384 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2026-05-12T19:00:30",
  "trx_id": "5c3e09c75c20a23039f647b706afb33041c20134",
  "trx_in_block": 0,
  "virtual_op": 0
}
steemdelegated 4.384 SP to @monistowl
2026/04/26 03:14:36
delegateemonistowl
delegatorsteem
vesting shares7130.037545 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #105515460/Trx f892d2895b1576440fbf4787d21732f70b8eb925
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "block": 105515460,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "monistowl",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "7130.037545 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2026-04-26T03:14:36",
  "trx_id": "f892d2895b1576440fbf4787d21732f70b8eb925",
  "trx_in_block": 1,
  "virtual_op": 0
}
steemdelegated 2.734 SP to @monistowl
2026/01/23 17:50:18
delegateemonistowl
delegatorsteem
vesting shares4446.858203 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #102863837/Trx 3833aa5459fd6e14ee44e1f67478af3982d3cfc7
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "block": 102863837,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "monistowl",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "4446.858203 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2026-01-23T17:50:18",
  "trx_id": "3833aa5459fd6e14ee44e1f67478af3982d3cfc7",
  "trx_in_block": 2,
  "virtual_op": 0
}
steemdelegated 2.835 SP to @monistowl
2024/12/17 13:02:42
delegateemonistowl
delegatorsteem
vesting shares4611.077400 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #91310097/Trx 750cdd2b4f0ef71f4e3c4430fc433002ac1842b4
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "block": 91310097,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "monistowl",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "4611.077400 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2024-12-17T13:02:42",
  "trx_id": "750cdd2b4f0ef71f4e3c4430fc433002ac1842b4",
  "trx_in_block": 3,
  "virtual_op": 0
}
steemdelegated 2.939 SP to @monistowl
2023/11/14 04:44:27
delegateemonistowl
delegatorsteem
vesting shares4780.210932 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #79864269/Trx d1c1145e9cfbd9b702a50976e899a83b044923bd
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "block": 79864269,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "monistowl",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "4780.210932 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2023-11-14T04:44:27",
  "trx_id": "d1c1145e9cfbd9b702a50976e899a83b044923bd",
  "trx_in_block": 0,
  "virtual_op": 0
}
steemdelegated 4.745 SP to @monistowl
2023/09/22 07:40:12
delegateemonistowl
delegatorsteem
vesting shares7717.119718 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #78359610/Trx 823ebeccc5ec77722e899c1d1d246b29712ad1e3
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "block": 78359610,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "monistowl",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "7717.119718 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2023-09-22T07:40:12",
  "trx_id": "823ebeccc5ec77722e899c1d1d246b29712ad1e3",
  "trx_in_block": 12,
  "virtual_op": 0
}
steemdelegated 4.881 SP to @monistowl
2022/11/03 15:29:09
delegateemonistowl
delegatorsteem
vesting shares7939.171156 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #69117777/Trx 0e65ec158be966142fe9cc4a081b67ca96e88b65
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "block": 69117777,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "monistowl",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "7939.171156 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2022-11-03T15:29:09",
  "trx_id": "0e65ec158be966142fe9cc4a081b67ca96e88b65",
  "trx_in_block": 4,
  "virtual_op": 0
}
steemdelegated 5.017 SP to @monistowl
2022/01/17 20:54:15
delegateemonistowl
delegatorsteem
vesting shares8159.278757 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #60821290/Trx 4168614702a877ce1e87fa5ef49b4fb5bb86ffc8
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "block": 60821290,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "monistowl",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "8159.278757 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2022-01-17T20:54:15",
  "trx_id": "4168614702a877ce1e87fa5ef49b4fb5bb86ffc8",
  "trx_in_block": 3,
  "virtual_op": 0
}
steemdelegated 5.130 SP to @monistowl
2021/06/14 04:11:15
delegateemonistowl
delegatorsteem
vesting shares8343.473045 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #54611744/Trx 05530595ba7d0fd7835669697e5f6c9d0f9419c5
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "block": 54611744,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "monistowl",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "8343.473045 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2021-06-14T04:11:15",
  "trx_id": "05530595ba7d0fd7835669697e5f6c9d0f9419c5",
  "trx_in_block": 6,
  "virtual_op": 0
}
steemdelegated 5.245 SP to @monistowl
2020/12/11 14:25:51
delegateemonistowl
delegatorsteem
vesting shares8530.895019 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #49359077/Trx 55ae0c3302ce4d89f7bedde7001d9bd9a9bd7ecd
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "block": 49359077,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "monistowl",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "8530.895019 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2020-12-11T14:25:51",
  "trx_id": "55ae0c3302ce4d89f7bedde7001d9bd9a9bd7ecd",
  "trx_in_block": 6,
  "virtual_op": 0
}
steemdelegated 1.176 SP to @monistowl
2020/12/06 08:01:54
delegateemonistowl
delegatorsteem
vesting shares1912.543513 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #49210610/Trx cf52e0a4f1fab4dcf8f9ac0ee20ae36aae680ceb
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "block": 49210610,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "monistowl",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "1912.543513 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2020-12-06T08:01:54",
  "trx_id": "cf52e0a4f1fab4dcf8f9ac0ee20ae36aae680ceb",
  "trx_in_block": 4,
  "virtual_op": 0
}
steemdelegated 5.249 SP to @monistowl
2020/12/05 18:03:27
delegateemonistowl
delegatorsteem
vesting shares8537.102873 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #49194157/Trx 075153bd5fa0277a407dbd3da7b547ac9a185a9e
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "block": 49194157,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "monistowl",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "8537.102873 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2020-12-05T18:03:27",
  "trx_id": "075153bd5fa0277a407dbd3da7b547ac9a185a9e",
  "trx_in_block": 3,
  "virtual_op": 0
}
steemdelegated 1.180 SP to @monistowl
2020/11/02 22:28:45
delegateemonistowl
delegatorsteem
vesting shares1920.017158 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #48265860/Trx 6b54d009504de6604c4214625d47b3bcd096940c
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "block": 48265860,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "monistowl",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "1920.017158 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2020-11-02T22:28:45",
  "trx_id": "6b54d009504de6604c4214625d47b3bcd096940c",
  "trx_in_block": 9,
  "virtual_op": 0
}
steemdelegated 5.373 SP to @monistowl
2020/05/09 09:02:48
delegateemonistowl
delegatorsteem
vesting shares8739.908232 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #43220908/Trx 8c1b3a5d7d3b9ad18cf46f948371245b1596d1f8
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "block": 43220908,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "monistowl",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "8739.908232 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2020-05-09T09:02:48",
  "trx_id": "8c1b3a5d7d3b9ad18cf46f948371245b1596d1f8",
  "trx_in_block": 7,
  "virtual_op": 0
}
steemdelegated 1.201 SP to @monistowl
2020/05/08 13:09:09
delegateemonistowl
delegatorsteem
vesting shares1953.311140 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #43197599/Trx 45f8299980c88c7252cab77cb61edf91ee765208
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "block": 43197599,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "monistowl",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "1953.311140 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2020-05-08T13:09:09",
  "trx_id": "45f8299980c88c7252cab77cb61edf91ee765208",
  "trx_in_block": 16,
  "virtual_op": 0
}
steemdelegated 5.381 SP to @monistowl
2020/04/16 02:00:09
delegateemonistowl
delegatorsteem
vesting shares8752.795680 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #42567650/Trx c81a4ba1af5e1b924d2cf5ac089da8fd9676fd5a
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "block": 42567650,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "monistowl",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "8752.795680 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2020-04-16T02:00:09",
  "trx_id": "c81a4ba1af5e1b924d2cf5ac089da8fd9676fd5a",
  "trx_in_block": 16,
  "virtual_op": 0
}
2019/12/01 22:30:12
authorsteemitboard
bodyCongratulations @monistowl! You received a personal award! <table><tr><td>https://steemitimages.com/70x70/http://steemitboard.com/@monistowl/birthday2.png</td><td>Happy Birthday! - You are on the Steem blockchain for 2 years!</td></tr></table> <sub>_You can view [your badges on your Steem Board](https://steemitboard.com/@monistowl) and compare to others on the [Steem Ranking](https://steemitboard.com/ranking/index.php?name=monistowl)_</sub> ###### [Vote for @Steemitboard as a witness](https://v2.steemconnect.com/sign/account-witness-vote?witness=steemitboard&approve=1) to get one more award and increased upvotes!
json metadata{"image":["https://steemitboard.com/img/notify.png"]}
parent authormonistowl
parent permlink90s-mac-gaming-nostalgia
permlinksteemitboard-notify-monistowl-20191201t223012000z
title
Transaction InfoBlock #38668108/Trx bdf869d51172e812f80991e8c9a7e05e18136074
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "block": 38668108,
  "op": [
    "comment",
    {
      "author": "steemitboard",
      "body": "Congratulations @monistowl! You received a personal award!\n\n<table><tr><td>https://steemitimages.com/70x70/http://steemitboard.com/@monistowl/birthday2.png</td><td>Happy Birthday! - You are on the Steem blockchain for 2 years!</td></tr></table>\n\n<sub>_You can view [your badges on your Steem Board](https://steemitboard.com/@monistowl) and compare to others on the [Steem Ranking](https://steemitboard.com/ranking/index.php?name=monistowl)_</sub>\n\n\n###### [Vote for @Steemitboard as a witness](https://v2.steemconnect.com/sign/account-witness-vote?witness=steemitboard&approve=1) to get one more award and increased upvotes!",
      "json_metadata": "{\"image\":[\"https://steemitboard.com/img/notify.png\"]}",
      "parent_author": "monistowl",
      "parent_permlink": "90s-mac-gaming-nostalgia",
      "permlink": "steemitboard-notify-monistowl-20191201t223012000z",
      "title": ""
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2019-12-01T22:30:12",
  "trx_id": "bdf869d51172e812f80991e8c9a7e05e18136074",
  "trx_in_block": 6,
  "virtual_op": 0
}
steemdelegated 5.502 SP to @monistowl
2019/05/12 19:06:21
delegateemonistowl
delegatorsteem
vesting shares8948.412493 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #32850528/Trx 17727b633dc330a5190f0873f6b0370baca881d8
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "block": 32850528,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "monistowl",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "8948.412493 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2019-05-12T19:06:21",
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2018/12/01 21:50:00
authorsteemitboard
bodyCongratulations @monistowl! You received a personal award! <table><tr><td>https://steemitimages.com/70x70/http://steemitboard.com/@monistowl/birthday1.png</td><td>1 Year on Steemit</td></tr></table> <sub>_[Click here to view your Board of Honor](https://steemitboard.com/@monistowl)_</sub> > Support [SteemitBoard's project](https://steemit.com/@steemitboard)! **[Vote for its witness](https://v2.steemconnect.com/sign/account-witness-vote?witness=steemitboard&approve=1)** and **get one more award**!
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steemdelegated 5.624 SP to @monistowl
2018/05/16 23:05:54
delegateemonistowl
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steemdelegated 18.159 SP to @monistowl
2018/04/21 20:48:39
delegateemonistowl
delegatorsteem
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2018/03/14 02:55:57
authordtubix
bodyCool! I follow you. +upvote
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2018/03/14 02:52:27
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steemdelegated 18.285 SP to @monistowl
2017/12/12 22:19:06
delegateemonistowl
delegatorsteem
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2017/12/09 15:51:00
authorbl1nkr
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monistowlreceived 0.032 SBD, 0.026 SP author reward for @monistowl / class-rules
2017/12/08 21:32:12
authormonistowl
permlinkclass-rules
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Transaction InfoBlock #17916460/Virtual Operation #13
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monistowlreceived 0.142 SBD, 0.119 SP author reward for @monistowl / the-great-dictator
2017/12/08 21:04:39
authormonistowl
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2017/12/04 15:31:12
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2017/12/02 04:55:27
authorandrewmcmillen
permlinknever-rattled-never-frantic-staying-motivated-during-eight-years-in-freelance-journalism
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2017/12/02 04:55:21
authormonistowl
body[DNAinfo and Gothamist reporters](https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1FwpchmHY1TwmCQPZ41ii2FKP6cxhxJDAgVnBERmN-4I/htmlview) should come write here -- capricious employers can't hold your clips hostage if they're on a public blockchain.
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monistowlupvoted (100.00%) @monistowl / class-rules
2017/12/02 01:53:09
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2017/12/02 01:53:06
authormonistowl
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2017/12/02 01:52:57
authormonistowl
permlink90s-mac-gaming-nostalgia
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monistowlupdated their account properties
2017/12/02 01:50:00
accountmonistowl
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2017/12/02 01:36:06
authormonistowl
permlinkthe-great-dictator
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2017/12/01 23:00:21
authormonistowl
permlinkthe-great-dictator
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2017/12/01 22:47:54
authorsoo.chong163
bodyThe difficulty of law enforcement has in part due to increasing detachment of the enforcers of the law from the public to whom they respond. The legislators, judges, prosecutors, law-enforcement, and the intervening bureaucrats have little to no personal interest in the policing issues of any given local area. The universalization of law enforcement will inevitably be ineffective, given the heterogenous nature of US local communities. Centralized micromanagement of locality results in poor efficiency and misguided policies. Unfortunately, the economic realities of centralized and concentrated financial avenues render locality impotent to enforce their political will, even were they allowed to exert their political will in conflict with the central policy preferences. This results in increasing reliance on legislation and regulation to achieve stability at the cost of expanding bureaucracy and commensurate expenses.
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nonateresupvoted (100.00%) @monistowl / class-rules
2017/12/01 22:38:54
authormonistowl
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perenupvoted (100.00%) @monistowl / class-rules
2017/12/01 22:38:45
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shlykovsupvoted (100.00%) @monistowl / class-rules
2017/12/01 22:38:39
authormonistowl
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beloozubupvoted (100.00%) @monistowl / class-rules
2017/12/01 22:38:36
authormonistowl
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2017/12/01 22:38:33
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2017/12/01 22:38:12
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2017/12/01 22:36:51
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monistowlpublished a new post: 90s-mac-gaming-nostalgia
2017/12/01 22:08:09
authormonistowl
body@@ -239,16 +239,18 @@ orial/). +.. %0A%0A%5BThe E
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monistowlpublished a new post: 90s-mac-gaming-nostalgia
2017/12/01 22:06:39
authormonistowl
body![ev.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmbNpq6uuP2ZJdhgbmUNqGPUbpR193vxVtr2z1ZhhVJeg3/ev.jpg) What were your favorites? I'm on a nostalgia trip today. Most of these you can run on [Sheepshaver](http://www.redundantrobot.com/sheepshaver-tutorial/). [The Exile Trilogy](http://www.spiderwebsoftware.com/productsOld.html) -- hands down best retro RPGs I've ever played. [Also Jeff Vogel is hilarious.](http://www.ironycentral.com/archives/reachingamericas.html) [Realmz](http://rlmz.org/realmzdivinity.html) -- D&D for them what can't be arsed to find a friend to play with [Escape Velocity](http://www.ambrosiasw.com/games/ev/) -- open-ended space trader game with an [amazing mod community](http://www.ambrosiasw.com/games/ev/addons?sort=downloads&order=desc&page=2&category=Plugins) [Escape Velocity: Override](http://www.ambrosiasw.com/games/evo/) -- even better sequel with [even better mods](http://www.ambrosiasw.com/games/evo/addons?sort=downloads&order=desc) (Frozen Heart, in particular...) [Star Control](http://sc2.sourceforge.net/) -- another amazing open-ended space game [The Fool's Errand](http://fools-errand.com/) -- a beautiful game of puzzles [System's Twilight](http://www.eblong.com/zarf/twilight.html) -- a beautiful game of _hard_ puzzles [If Monks Had Macs](http://www.rivertext.com/) -- a cute adventure game embedded in a weird little interactive library [Scarab of Ra](http://www.semicolon.com/old/Scarab.html) -- maze/puzzle game that will make you legit terrified of mummies (and despise monkeys) [SimEarth](http://macintoshgarden.org/games/simearth) -- not exactly obscure, but definitely underappreciated (wish there had been a SimEarth 2000 but it probably would have turned into Spore) [Yoot Tower](http://macintoshgarden.org/games/yoot-tower) -- SimTower but more so! [Galactic Empire](http://macintoshgarden.org/games/galactic-empire) -- simple but fun galaxy-conquering game [Cthangband](http://angband.oook.cz/forum/showthread.php?t=7279) -- Lovecraftian roguelike
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      "body": "![ev.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmbNpq6uuP2ZJdhgbmUNqGPUbpR193vxVtr2z1ZhhVJeg3/ev.jpg)\n\nWhat were your favorites? I'm on a nostalgia trip today. Most of these you can run on [Sheepshaver](http://www.redundantrobot.com/sheepshaver-tutorial/).\n\n[The Exile Trilogy](http://www.spiderwebsoftware.com/productsOld.html) -- hands down best retro RPGs I've ever played. [Also Jeff Vogel is hilarious.](http://www.ironycentral.com/archives/reachingamericas.html)\n\n[Realmz](http://rlmz.org/realmzdivinity.html) -- D&D for them what can't be arsed to find a friend to play with\n\n[Escape Velocity](http://www.ambrosiasw.com/games/ev/) -- open-ended space trader game with an [amazing mod community](http://www.ambrosiasw.com/games/ev/addons?sort=downloads&order=desc&page=2&category=Plugins)\n\n[Escape Velocity: Override](http://www.ambrosiasw.com/games/evo/) -- even better sequel with [even better mods](http://www.ambrosiasw.com/games/evo/addons?sort=downloads&order=desc) (Frozen Heart, in particular...)\n\n[Star Control](http://sc2.sourceforge.net/) -- another amazing open-ended space game\n\n[The Fool's Errand](http://fools-errand.com/) -- a beautiful game of puzzles\n\n[System's Twilight](http://www.eblong.com/zarf/twilight.html) -- a beautiful game of _hard_ puzzles\n\n[If Monks Had Macs](http://www.rivertext.com/) -- a cute adventure game embedded in a weird little interactive library\n\n[Scarab of Ra](http://www.semicolon.com/old/Scarab.html) -- maze/puzzle game that will make you legit terrified of mummies (and despise monkeys)\n\n[SimEarth](http://macintoshgarden.org/games/simearth) -- \nnot exactly obscure, but definitely underappreciated (wish there had \nbeen a SimEarth 2000 but it probably would have turned into Spore)\n\n[Yoot Tower](http://macintoshgarden.org/games/yoot-tower) -- SimTower but more so!\n\n[Galactic Empire](http://macintoshgarden.org/games/galactic-empire) -- simple but fun galaxy-conquering game\n\n[Cthangband](http://angband.oook.cz/forum/showthread.php?t=7279) -- Lovecraftian roguelike",
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2017/12/01 22:01:48
authormonistowl
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monistowlpublished a new post: a-tale-told-by-an-idiot
2017/12/01 21:46:42
authormonistowl
body![SoundAndFury.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmPPf3Kag6qaL2gx3Q9vC8QG6FkGfAj1J6NXGquwGeK7KA/SoundAndFury.jpg) (Found in Brooklyn)
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permlinka-tale-told-by-an-idiot
titleA tale told by an idiot
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2017/12/01 21:40:03
authormonistowl
permlinkreason-and-the-ripper
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monistowlpublished a new post: reason-and-the-ripper
2017/12/01 21:39:48
authormonistowl
body![ripper.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmci724rbJ9ACeXAVtXMLY4SVG5kLZEomG81KEignnkr7u/ripper.jpg) A seven year old girl and a six year old boy — best friends who live in the same apartment building — set out together for their neighborhood bodega to buy some ice cream. In the building’s elevator, a man suddenly and brutally attacks them with a knife, killing the boy and wounding the girl. He flees. In the aftermath, as bloodstains are photographed, police assure gathered crowds of neighbors they are diligent and inexorable. At a nearby hospital, the boy’s mother falls to her knees in the street and cries aloud to God. This crime is neither abstract nor hypothetical; it occurs on Schenk Avenue in Brownsville on the sunny first of June, 2014. The victims are PJ Avitto and Mikayla Capers (Celona and Wilson, 2014). Within a week, the NYPD arrest the man responsible: Daniel St. Hubert, whom tabloids dub the Brooklyn Ripper. He is quickly implicated in two more stabbings, a homeless man and a teen girl. His history is long, violent, and marginal, and his family say they have tried without success to find him psychiatric help, even as he attacks them and others. As courts debate his fitness to stand trial, he displays no remorse, and menaces personnel at every facility in which he is confined. He claims to hear the voice of the devil. His only apparent motive seems to have been quieting the children down (Santora, 2014). What are we to make of Daniel St. Hubert? What are we to do with men like him? The general question is, perhaps, the more tractable, but the particular drives home the stakes. Legal and medical systems intervened in his life at several points, yet their failure is carved in the bodies of children. Definitive confinement has come at enormous risk and expense, compounded by ambiguity about what constitutes an appropriate setting. What assumptions underlie this state of affairs? The phrase mens rea — guilty mind — is at least as old as Augustine, and the concept is older still: as far back as Hammurabi’s laws, many punitive legal traditions have maintained distinct punishments for similar crimes, conditioned on the criminal’s mental state. The shades of capacity and intent considered relevant are shaped by prevailing local philosophy, but also inevitably by the practical limits of what it is possible to know about another person’s mind. Thus we face the unenviable prospect of engaging with the the interior life of a child killer. It’s worth noting that other traditions have simply sidestepped these questions — it is entirely possible to run a legal system that makes no such distinctions at all. What might that look like? On that night in 2014, the police were not the only ones who spoke to the neighborhood. A block down Schenk Avenue, another group of men in matching jackets gave a remarkably similar series of assurances — this is our home, this will not stand, we will not stop until we find the man who did this. They were called the Tomahawks: a gang with deep roots, and many friends, in the area. Their exact words were not committed to print, but it does not take an enormous amount of imagination to predict what they would have done to Daniel St. Hubert if they had identified and apprehended him before the police did. This brand of justice is the human norm. That doesn’t quite make it a default — the null case in any individual act of violence is simply escape, and the general result a monster-haunted world. This is the problem that the notion of licit punishment exists to solve, and even the most elaborate civilizations ultimately rely on the same basic threat as any Dunbar-sized tribe: if you transgress, a group too big for you to fight alone will find you and compel what they deem proper. Mob violence isn’t a fundamentally different system from policing in this sense — just a simpler one. In one primally satisfying punishment, it provides vengeance, prevents the target from offending again, and deters similar acts in the future. Courts, cops, and corrections facilities exist to accomplish the same things, if somewhat less efficiently. This is, of course, a patently unfair comparison on a number of levels. The American justice system that captured and tried St. Hubert is laden with centuries of hard-earned lessons, safeguards against the vagaries of hasty retaliation. Yet scratch the patina of 21st-century social attitudes a bit and it’s quite recognizable as a hand-me-down from Britain, which was not at all shy about hangings in the era when America forked its common law; as late as the 19th century it prescribed death for such crimes as treason, pickpocketing, bridge defacement, and poaching. Dig further and that system, before it matured and hypostatized to the point it could execute kings, was a hodgepodge amalgam of antique Roman and tribal Germanic traditions. The latter, interestingly, were pointedly unsympathetic to mens rea distinctions, mandating identical punishment not only for the mad and the sane but for the intentional and the accidental — like the Tomahawks, the question of prior intent seemed beside the point to them. Are the courts of Brooklyn today historical accidents? They attempt to distinguish murder from manslaughter from negligent homicide, and to tease apart deliberate malice from passionate lapses from the incapacity to deliberate at all. One can imagine history going differently, or point to parts of the world where different paradigms prevailed — in many, we may imagine, Daniel St. Hubert would have been executed years before for far pettier crimes, in others confined more decisively, in others even somehow rehabilitated before his atrocity. Was the modern form entirely latent in the ancient ones, or did it break away somewhere along the line? One may as well ask when St. Hubert himself passed the point of no return — it is the same fundamental question. Did he decide to stab children on the spot, or plan it? Did voices in his head compel him, and if so where did they come from? When, exactly, did tragedy become inevitable? The hard truth, of course, is that it always was. There is only one world, and the Brooklyn Ripper is an inextricable part of it; any counterfactuals we construct are maps of a territory that does not exist. For 18th-century philosophers dreaming of just republics, it was not outside the realm of reasonable speculation to suppose that free will really meant Free Will — the poetic ideal of freedom, the freedom of an immaterial soul intervening divinely with base matter, formally causeless and utterly unfettered by any force save conscience. We no longer have this luxury; wishful substance dualism died an ignominious death even as Descartes gestured vainly at pineal glands. Every scrap of evidence accumulated since has led us inexorably to conclude that nature is rule-governed in ways that absolutely do not allow for causal chains to begin ab nihilo with a human mind. Yet the mirage dies hard. Despite the conspicuous absence of Free Will, most of life seems to run perfectly well on prosaic, everyday free will. The concept is inherently useful; attributing most actions to conscious choice is pragmatically sufficient to explain most of what the people around us do. Pursue their decisions further upstream and you run into infinite regress, as well as the dehumanizing prospect of total irresponsibility — why punish the killer if he could not possibly have done otherwise? If the degree of backward extrapolation is arbitrary, we might just as easily condemn the jailers who freed him, the parents who raised him, or the entire past history of the universe in aggregate, since none of those could have done otherwise either. As we do not exist in a vacuum, we draw those lines in different places for different reasons, depending on the circumstances; they are indeed historical accidents, not objective universals, and it bears remembering that they change over time. The strain of thought known as compatibilism aims to rescue colloquial free will without challenging material determinism, pointing out that our apparent freedom to act is more a matter of pragmatics than metaphysics, and thus not much affected by scientific revelation. On reflection, though, it is somewhat suspicious that compatibilists so often salvage exactly the consequences of free will that they already happened to enjoy, without having to revise existing attitudes about anything really surprising. Epictetus argued compatibilism (cf. Bobzien 2001), and wound up arriving at roughly the same virtue ethics his pagan forebears already endorsed on more mystical terms; Augustine did the same (cf. Couenhoven 2007), and derived from first principles the same Christianity he had already practiced. Is it any wonder, then, that more modern apologia steer unerringly for the same ideas — rights, agency, responsibility — that so fascinated modernity’s immediate predecessors, and on which they founded institutions we still use? The impulse to defend free will is instinctively understandable. As modern compatibilist philosopher Daniel Dennett puts it, “the distinction between responsible moral agents and beings with diminished or no responsibility is coherent, real, and important.” It’s also at least partially inborn — infants begin to distinguish their own movements from those of others before they are a year old (Sodian 2016). We all know what it feels like to plan and act, and what it feels like to be constrained. It is not intuitive to reconcile the apparent independence of human action with the truth that we are, fundamentally, machines. It behooves us to examine what that apparent independence is really made of. In what sense, if any, was Daniel St. Hubert responsible for his actions? Did he plan them rationally, acting as though free, or did he act as though compelled? Do these questions even make sense? Dennett, to his credit, does delve into the areas where evidence diverges from praxis. Where libertarian incompatibilists tend to fall back on an atomic, indivisible consciousness in the general humanist mien of the past several centuries, he contends that modern neuroscience shows us consciousness is not unitary. In his own words (1984): “The model of decision making I am proposing has the following feature: when we are faced with an important decision, a consideration-generator whose output is to some degree undetermined, produces a series of considerations, some of which may of course be immediately rejected as irrelevant by the agent (consciously or unconsciously). Those considerations that are selected by the agent as having a more than negligible bearing on the decision then figure in a reasoning process, and if the agent is in the main reasonable, those considerations ultimately serve as predictors and explicators of the agent’s final decision.” These are not the terms with which we usually debate intent. They are cumbersome and unintuitive, but have the singular advantage of being entirely descriptive — an excellent habit. They are also implicitly relative to the modeler — if something about the human mind is “to some degree undetermined,” the immediate question that comes to mind is “undetermined by whom?” By abolishing subjunctive teleology, we are forced to recognize that when we talk about free will, we are often really talking about prediction. Much of what a brain accomplishes is fundamentally predictive. We know we tend to initiate actions before any conscious decision is made, and justify them after the fact (Libet et al. 1983). We know that our perceptions rely on internal models, and have some idea how this is implemented chemically (Corlett et al. 2009). We know that we make snap judgements of our own agency based on how well our sensory feedback matches our predictions — and that sometimes those judgements are wrong, as with the famous rubber hand illusion. We know that mechanisms to minimize predictive error over time are built into our brains at every conceivable level (Clark 2013), and that we share most but not all of them with other species. Without a metaphysics of the soul to fall back on, it’s harder to pin down exactly what makes us unique (the general ability to adapt to a recursive reward schedule, perhaps?) but certainly we are better able to perceive and exploit subtle patterns in nature than any other species we’ve met, hence our monopoly on things like agriculture and medicine and atomic bombs. Humans are, in fact, so good at prediction that they become very difficult to predict — we can improvise, lie, even suss out another human’s predictions about our own behavior and deliberately violate them. The same faculties underlie our ability to trace causes backwards — mental time travel runs both ways. However well we may know that causal chains stretch back indefinitely, the evidence for them is never perfect, and the trail usually runs cold in a human mind. PJ Avitto died because he was stuck with an eight-inch knife; the knife was propelled by an arm muscle, triggered by a motor neuron, triggered by… what, exactly? Other neurons, of course, but that doesn’t really tell us much. We can speculate about the wielder’s desires, his self-control, his upbringing, but it’s difficult to say for sure. In practice we cannot read his mind, or trust his explanation — whether or not he really hears command hallucinations, “the devil made me do it” was not a get-out-of-jail-free card even in places and times when demonic possession was taken quite seriously. The predictive value of any explanation we can come up with falls off a cliff at the point where we have to speculate about his invisible, internal state of mind — not because that state of mind came from nowhere, but because we can’t reliably trace causation further upstream yet. Can we articulate a prediction-based account of human violence in general? The proverbial Martian anthropologist might note that, although we cannot seem to eliminate it, we have tended, over time, to put a lot of effort into making it less surprising. In situations where we are suddenly attacked, we agree on counterattacks: that guy keeps mugging people, so let’s get the whole village together and beat him up. Where the counterattacks themselves become unpredictable, we agree on standards: we sometimes beat up the wrong guy, so let’s write down the rules and demand explicit evidence. Now the muggers can accurately predict punishment and avoid it by not mugging people, and the rest of us can walk down the street with a justifiable expectation of safety. So far so good. The problem is that some violence is inherently unpredictable. We can understand the mugger — he wants money. We can put ourselves in the mugger’s shoes, model the mugger’s incentives, and act accordingly. But what is the child killer’s incentive? How could anyone know ahead of time not to get into an elevator with him? We declare some violent behavior insane, then, because we cannot predict it — equivalently, we cannot assign any narrative in retrospect that makes sense to us. Worse still, we also cannot predict whether we will suddenly become insane ourselves, and so in recent centuries we have set up a system to treat us as we would wish to be treated if we did: more as patients than as prisoners. Much as criminal courts have gradually accumulated methods of establishing motive, mental hospitals have painstakingly taxonomised dysfunction and tried to establish common etiologies. Daniel St. Hubert was originally diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia, but beyond this wide and potentially outdated categorization little information is publicly available. If anyone wants to trace the roots of his crime in Brownsville deeper than the moment of its commission, they will have to do it the hard way — get in a room with him, learn what they can about his life, and add a grain of evidence to the common pile. Taking the time to study motivation and pathology in such matters, rather than operating solely on deterrence and restraint, is what lets us intervene in novel ways in similar future cases. This occasionally leads to spectacularly effective society-wide heuristics, such as “don’t hit your kids” and “use lithium to dampen mood swings.” This project is, of course, hard to reconcile with the fact that brutal retribution is enormously, eternally popular. When St. Hubert was frog-marched out of the 75th Precinct, a crowd was there waiting for him, chanting the word “Death!” He did not appear perturbed by this in the least. Shakespeare wrote in a world where criminals were publicly tortured to death. Would the prospect of drawing and quartering have stopped the Brooklyn Ripper? It’s impossible to say, but the existing threat of incarceration clearly wasn’t enough. We could speculate that he simply couldn’t think far enough ahead for any kind of threat to make a difference, or lacked the executive function to restrain himself if he did. It’s also possible he thinks more clearly than he lets on, acted pragmatically in service of a monstrous goal, and simply didn’t think the consequences were worth worrying about. Humans do not have an easily-readable utility function, which limits how useful a model utilitarianism is for real human behavior. If we are to operate on a consequential basis, then we can only judge our violence by its outcome. If we, as a culture, are using confinement effectively, it should make violence more predictable, and that predictability should make it rarer. If we are using it ineffectively, the expected result is more unforeseen attacks. It is tempting to think some evidence-based technocracy could craft policy on this basis alone, judging the results dispassionately and making adjustments. The problem is, consequentialism is a black hole. If, for example, we admit that unpredictable violence is even a partially heritable tendency, we cannot ignore the prospect that our own society owes what humaneness it has directly to the millennia its predecessors spent executing the most impulsively violent portion of every generation — it would be hard to argue this had no effect on population genetics. Game-theoretically the picture is even darker: endemically high trust may inevitably incentivize enough defection to bring the institutions that foster that trust crashing down. Put another way, what would you think of a justice system that forcibly sterilized the families of criminals, regardless of whether they participated in the crime? How about one that pre-emptively imprisoned children they could prove had a high risk of violent behavior in the future, or one that doped the public water supply with psychoactive drugs? If you want to make consequential arguments against those, you have to appeal to something like relative suffering — you have to predict such systems would result in more misery than they cured. Are you sure, though? Have you measured? Would you precommit to supporting one such regime if someone presented you sufficient evidence (cf. [Blüml et al. 2013](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23312137)) that it would, in fact, lead to a more eudaimonic future, one that would outweigh any measurable costs? Or are there means no end can justify? Deontology is out of fashion, but in practical terms most of us operate on virtue ethics — if we didn’t, those potentially dystopian scenarios would not give us pause before we saw hard numbers. If there is a criticism of our justice system inherent in the gruesome story of Daniel St. Hubert, it is that it sometimes errs on the side of ignoring available evidence. His victims did not have enough information to conclude with any confidence that he was dangerous — but civil authorities surely did. His pathology was known and his pattern of psychotic violence very well-established when he was released from prison nine days before the elevator murder, with no medication and no psychiatric referral. His arrest record was litany of brutality; he had strangled his own mother with an electrical cord. His parole officer recommended he be committed, but was ignored. Neighborhood cops knew about him, but could not intervene until the deed was done. Were some reasonable individual confronted with the same evidence, and somehow given sole and unanswerable responsibility for his disposition by fiat, they might well have concluded that he was overwhelmingly likely to do harm, and that this far outweighed the injustice of confinement or exile or even execution, due process be damned. Our modern legal system is not built this way, precisely because of the problems arbitrary case-by-case penalties once created. Individuals are capricious and corruptible, so we have gradually separated the roles of judge, jury, and executioner, not to mention lawyer and bailiff and peace officer and forensic psychologist. That they hew collectively to any standards makes the personal violence of justice more predictable in most situations, but those standards can conflict and backfire on edge cases. It is famously impossible to derive ‘ought’ from ‘is’ — oughts must be plucked from the evolutionary winnowing of received tradition, from pure aesthetic preference, or from the dreams of conscience. Few would not prefer to inhabit a world where PJ Avitto and Mikayla Kaypers had lived their childhoods, but such a world does not exist — it is a dream. That doesn’t make it useless; contemplating unreality may lead us to dwell on a past we cannot change, but it also helps us predict the future. How likely is it that somewhere downstream of here we will resolve a few institutional scleroses, and a similar tragedy will be averted by a person with enough information to evaluate the stakes, enough authority to act decisively, and enough proper incentive to exercise it? We cannot know for certain — all we can say is that, unlike any map of a world where PJ had a seventh birthday, we cannot yet rule it out. Cold comfort indeed. Is there no firm ground anywhere in this nightmare? To name one is to editorialize, beyond the bounds of any detachment or objectivity; let that be explicit. Mikayla survived the attack, and eventually recovered from her wounds. She survived because PJ died first — because, in the last seconds of his life, he interposed his body between hers and the knife. It is unseemly to quibble over how and whether he ‘chose’ in the scant time he had — such abstractions are for his killer, and for us, not for him. They are mechanical blueprints, operating diagrams for practical safety, utterly insufficient to describe the profundity of his ἀρετή. His fate, and all fates, were sealed at the moment the universe began — but what an incomparable honor it is to live in a universe where a six-year-old boy laid down his life for his friend. Blüml, V. et al. (2013). Lithium in the public water supply and suicide mortality in Texas. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 47(3), 407-411. Bobzien, S. (2001). Freedom and That Which Depends on Us: Epictetus and Early Stoics. Determinism and Freedom in Stoic Philosophy, 330-358. Celona, L. and Wilson, T. (2014, June 1). Maniac wielding butcher knife kills child in elevator. The New York Post, 1/5. Clark, A. (2013). Whatever next? Predictive brains, situated agents, and the future of cognitive science. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 36, 181–253. Corlett, P. et al. (2009). From drugs to deprivation: a Bayesian framework for understanding models of psychosis. Psychopharmacology, 206(4), 515–530. Couenhoven, J. (2007). Augustine’s rejection of the free-will defence: an overview of the late Augustine’s theodicy. Religious Studies, 43, 279–298 Dennett, D. (1984). Elbow room: the varieties of free will worth wanting. Cambridge, Massachussetts: MIT Press. Libet, B. et al. (1983). Time of Conscious Intention to Act in Relation to Onset of Cerebral Activity (Readiness-Potential) – The Unconscious Initiation of a Freely Voluntary Act. Brain, 106, 623–642. Santora, M. (2014, June 6). Before Arrest, a Long String of Violent Acts: Daniel St. Hubert Served Prison Time for Attacking His Mother. The New York Times, A17. Sodian, B. (2016). Understanding of Goals, Beliefs, and Desires Predicts Morally Relevant Theory of Mind: A Longitudinal Investigation. Child development, 87(4), 1221-1232
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titleReason and the Ripper
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      "body": "![ripper.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmci724rbJ9ACeXAVtXMLY4SVG5kLZEomG81KEignnkr7u/ripper.jpg)\n\n\n\nA seven year old girl and a six year old boy — best friends who live in the same apartment building — set out together for their neighborhood bodega to buy some ice cream. In the building’s elevator, a man suddenly and brutally attacks them with a knife, killing the boy and wounding the girl. He flees. In the aftermath, as bloodstains are photographed, police assure gathered crowds of neighbors they are diligent and inexorable. At a nearby hospital, the boy’s mother falls to her knees in the street and cries aloud to God.\n\nThis crime is neither abstract nor hypothetical; it occurs on Schenk Avenue in Brownsville on the sunny first of June, 2014. The victims are PJ Avitto and Mikayla Capers (Celona and Wilson, 2014).\n\nWithin a week, the NYPD arrest the man responsible: Daniel St. Hubert, whom tabloids dub the Brooklyn Ripper. He is quickly implicated in two more stabbings, a homeless man and a teen girl. His history is long, violent, and marginal, and his family say they have tried without success to find him psychiatric help, even as he attacks them and others. As courts debate his fitness to stand trial, he displays no remorse, and menaces personnel at every facility in which he is confined. He claims to hear the voice of the devil. His only apparent motive seems to have been quieting the children down (Santora, 2014).\n\nWhat are we to make of Daniel St. Hubert? What are we to do with men like him? The general question is, perhaps, the more tractable, but the particular drives home the stakes. Legal and medical systems intervened in his life at several points, yet their failure is carved in the bodies of children. Definitive confinement has come at enormous risk and expense, compounded by ambiguity about what constitutes an appropriate setting. What assumptions underlie this state of affairs?\n\nThe phrase mens rea — guilty mind — is at least as old as Augustine, and the concept is older still: as far back as Hammurabi’s laws, many punitive legal traditions have maintained distinct punishments for similar crimes, conditioned on the criminal’s mental state. The shades of capacity and intent considered relevant are shaped by prevailing local philosophy, but also inevitably by the practical limits of what it is possible to know about another person’s mind. Thus we face the unenviable prospect of engaging with the the interior life of a child killer.\n\nIt’s worth noting that other traditions have simply sidestepped these questions — it is entirely possible to run a legal system that makes no such distinctions at all. What might that look like?\n\nOn that night in 2014, the police were not the only ones who spoke to the neighborhood. A block down Schenk Avenue, another group of men in matching jackets gave a remarkably similar series of assurances — this is our home, this will not stand, we will not stop until we find the man who did this. They were called the Tomahawks: a gang with deep roots, and many friends, in the area. Their exact words were not committed to print, but it does not take an enormous amount of imagination to predict what they would have done to Daniel St. Hubert if they had identified and apprehended him before the police did.\n\nThis brand of justice is the human norm. That doesn’t quite make it a default — the null case in any individual act of violence is simply escape, and the general result a monster-haunted world. This is the problem that the notion of licit punishment exists to solve, and even the most elaborate civilizations ultimately rely on the same basic threat as any Dunbar-sized tribe: if you transgress, a group too big for you to fight alone will find you and compel what they deem proper. Mob violence isn’t a fundamentally different system from policing in this sense — just a simpler one. In one primally satisfying punishment, it provides vengeance, prevents the target from offending again, and deters similar acts in the future. Courts, cops, and corrections facilities exist to accomplish the same things, if somewhat less efficiently.\n\nThis is, of course, a patently unfair comparison on a number of levels. The American justice system that captured and tried St. Hubert is laden with centuries of hard-earned lessons, safeguards against the vagaries of hasty retaliation. Yet scratch the patina of 21st-century social attitudes a bit and it’s quite recognizable as a hand-me-down from Britain, which was not at all shy about hangings in the era when America forked its common law; as late as the 19th century it prescribed death for such crimes as treason, pickpocketing, bridge defacement, and poaching. Dig further and that system, before it matured and hypostatized to the point it could execute kings, was a hodgepodge amalgam of antique Roman and tribal Germanic traditions. The latter, interestingly, were pointedly unsympathetic to mens rea distinctions, mandating identical punishment not only for the mad and the sane but for the intentional and the accidental — like the Tomahawks, the question of prior intent seemed beside the point to them.\n\nAre the courts of Brooklyn today historical accidents? They attempt to distinguish murder from manslaughter from negligent homicide, and to tease apart deliberate malice from passionate lapses from the incapacity to deliberate at all. One can imagine history going differently, or point to parts of the world where different paradigms prevailed — in many, we may imagine, Daniel St. Hubert would have been executed years before for far pettier crimes, in others confined more decisively, in others even somehow rehabilitated before his atrocity. Was the modern form entirely latent in the ancient ones, or did it break away somewhere along the line? One may as well ask when St. Hubert himself passed the point of no return — it is the same fundamental question. Did he decide to stab children on the spot, or plan it? Did voices in his head compel him, and if so where did they come from? When, exactly, did tragedy become inevitable?\n\nThe hard truth, of course, is that it always was. There is only one world, and the Brooklyn Ripper is an inextricable part of it; any counterfactuals we construct are maps of a territory that does not exist.\n\nFor 18th-century philosophers dreaming of just republics, it was not outside the realm of reasonable speculation to suppose that free will really meant Free Will — the poetic ideal of freedom, the freedom of an immaterial soul intervening divinely with base matter, formally causeless and utterly unfettered by any force save conscience. We no longer have this luxury; wishful substance dualism died an ignominious death even as Descartes gestured vainly at pineal glands. Every scrap of evidence accumulated since has led us inexorably to conclude that nature is rule-governed in ways that absolutely do not allow for causal chains to begin ab nihilo with a human mind.\n\nYet the mirage dies hard. Despite the conspicuous absence of Free Will, most of life seems to run perfectly well on prosaic, everyday free will. The concept is inherently useful; attributing most actions to conscious choice is pragmatically sufficient to explain most of what the people around us do. Pursue their decisions further upstream and you run into infinite regress, as well as the dehumanizing prospect of total irresponsibility — why punish the killer if he could not possibly have done otherwise? If the degree of backward extrapolation is arbitrary, we might just as easily condemn the jailers who freed him, the parents who raised him, or the entire past history of the universe in aggregate, since none of those could have done otherwise either. As we do not exist in a vacuum, we draw those lines in different places for different reasons, depending on the circumstances; they are indeed historical accidents, not objective universals, and it bears remembering that they change over time.\n\nThe strain of thought known as compatibilism aims to rescue colloquial free will without challenging material determinism, pointing out that our apparent freedom to act is more a matter of pragmatics than metaphysics, and thus not much affected by scientific revelation. On reflection, though, it is somewhat suspicious that compatibilists so often salvage exactly the consequences of free will that they already happened to enjoy, without having to revise existing attitudes about anything really surprising. Epictetus argued compatibilism (cf. Bobzien 2001), and wound up arriving at roughly the same virtue ethics his pagan forebears already endorsed on more mystical terms; Augustine did the same (cf. Couenhoven 2007), and derived from first principles the same Christianity he had already practiced. Is it any wonder, then, that more modern apologia steer unerringly for the same ideas — rights, agency, responsibility — that so fascinated modernity’s immediate predecessors, and on which they founded institutions we still use?\n\nThe impulse to defend free will is instinctively understandable. As modern compatibilist philosopher Daniel Dennett puts it, “the distinction between responsible moral agents and beings with diminished or no responsibility is coherent, real, and important.” It’s also at least partially inborn — infants begin to distinguish their own movements from those of others before they are a year old (Sodian 2016). We all know what it feels like to plan and act, and what it feels like to be constrained. It is not intuitive to reconcile the apparent independence of human action with the truth that we are, fundamentally, machines. It behooves us to examine what that apparent independence is really made of. In what sense, if any, was Daniel St. Hubert responsible for his actions? Did he plan them rationally, acting as though free, or did he act as though compelled? Do these questions even make sense?\n\nDennett, to his credit, does delve into the areas where evidence diverges from praxis. Where libertarian incompatibilists tend to fall back on an atomic, indivisible consciousness in the general humanist mien of the past several centuries, he contends that modern neuroscience shows us consciousness is not unitary. In his own words (1984):\n\n“The model of decision making I am proposing has the following feature: when we are faced with an important decision, a consideration-generator whose output is to some degree undetermined, produces a series of considerations, some of which may of course be immediately rejected as irrelevant by the agent (consciously or unconsciously). Those considerations that are selected by the agent as having a more than negligible bearing on the decision then figure in a reasoning process, and if the agent is in the main reasonable, those considerations ultimately serve as predictors and explicators of the agent’s final decision.”\n\nThese are not the terms with which we usually debate intent. They are cumbersome and unintuitive, but have the singular advantage of being entirely descriptive — an excellent habit. They are also implicitly relative to the modeler — if something about the human mind is “to some degree undetermined,” the immediate question that comes to mind is “undetermined by whom?” By abolishing subjunctive teleology, we are forced to recognize that when we talk about free will, we are often really talking about prediction.\n\nMuch of what a brain accomplishes is fundamentally predictive. We know we tend to initiate actions before any conscious decision is made, and justify them after the fact (Libet et al. 1983). We know that our perceptions rely on internal models, and have some idea how this is implemented chemically (Corlett et al. 2009). We know that we make snap judgements of our own agency based on how well our sensory feedback matches our predictions — and that sometimes those judgements are wrong, as with the famous rubber hand illusion. We know that mechanisms to minimize predictive error over time are built into our brains at every conceivable level (Clark 2013), and that we share most but not all of them with other species.\n\nWithout a metaphysics of the soul to fall back on, it’s harder to pin down exactly what makes us unique (the general ability to adapt to a recursive reward schedule, perhaps?) but certainly we are better able to perceive and exploit subtle patterns in nature than any other species we’ve met, hence our monopoly on things like agriculture and medicine and atomic bombs. Humans are, in fact, so good at prediction that they become very difficult to predict — we can improvise, lie, even suss out another human’s predictions about our own behavior and deliberately violate them.\n\nThe same faculties underlie our ability to trace causes backwards — mental time travel runs both ways. However well we may know that causal chains stretch back indefinitely, the evidence for them is never perfect, and the trail usually runs cold in a human mind. PJ Avitto died because he was stuck with an eight-inch knife; the knife was propelled by an arm muscle, triggered by a motor neuron, triggered by… what, exactly? Other neurons, of course, but that doesn’t really tell us much. We can speculate about the wielder’s desires, his self-control, his upbringing, but it’s difficult to say for sure. In practice we cannot read his mind, or trust his explanation — whether or not he really hears command hallucinations, “the devil made me do it” was not a get-out-of-jail-free card even in places and times when demonic possession was taken quite seriously.  The predictive value of any explanation we can come up with falls off a cliff at the point where we have to speculate about his invisible, internal state of mind — not because that state of mind came from nowhere, but because we can’t reliably trace causation further upstream yet.\n\nCan we articulate a prediction-based account of human violence in general? The proverbial Martian anthropologist might note that, although we cannot seem to eliminate it, we have tended, over time, to put a lot of effort into making it less surprising. In situations where we are suddenly attacked, we agree on counterattacks: that guy keeps mugging people, so let’s get the whole village together and beat him up. Where the counterattacks themselves become unpredictable, we agree on standards: we sometimes beat up the wrong guy, so let’s write down the rules and demand explicit evidence. Now the muggers can accurately predict punishment and avoid it by not mugging people, and the rest of us can walk down the street with a justifiable expectation of safety. So far so good.\n\nThe problem is that some violence is inherently unpredictable. We can understand the mugger — he wants money. We can put ourselves in the mugger’s shoes, model the mugger’s incentives, and act accordingly. But what is the child killer’s incentive? How could anyone know ahead of time not to get into an elevator with him?\n\nWe declare some violent behavior insane, then, because we cannot predict it — equivalently, we cannot assign any narrative in retrospect that makes sense to us. Worse still, we also cannot predict whether we will suddenly become insane ourselves, and so in recent centuries we have set up a system to treat us as we would wish to be treated if we did: more as patients than as prisoners. Much as criminal courts have gradually accumulated methods of establishing motive, mental hospitals have painstakingly taxonomised dysfunction and tried to establish common etiologies.\n\nDaniel St. Hubert was originally diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia, but beyond this wide and potentially outdated categorization little information is publicly available. If anyone wants to trace the roots of his crime in Brownsville deeper than the moment of its commission, they will have to do it the hard way — get in a room with him, learn what they can about his life, and add a grain of evidence to the common pile. Taking the time to study motivation and pathology in such matters, rather than operating solely on deterrence and restraint, is what lets us intervene in novel ways in similar future cases. This occasionally leads to spectacularly effective society-wide heuristics, such as “don’t hit your kids” and “use lithium to dampen mood swings.”\n\nThis project is, of course, hard to reconcile with the fact that brutal retribution is enormously, eternally popular. When St. Hubert was frog-marched out of the 75th Precinct, a crowd was there waiting for him, chanting the word “Death!” He did not appear perturbed by this in the least.\n\nShakespeare wrote in a world where criminals were publicly tortured to death. Would the prospect of drawing and quartering have stopped the Brooklyn Ripper? It’s impossible to say, but the existing threat of incarceration clearly wasn’t enough. We could speculate that he simply couldn’t think far enough ahead for any kind of threat to make a difference, or lacked the executive function to restrain himself if he did. It’s also possible he thinks more clearly than he lets on, acted pragmatically in service of a monstrous goal, and simply didn’t think the consequences were worth worrying about. Humans do not have an easily-readable utility function, which limits how useful a model utilitarianism is for real human behavior.\n\nIf we are to operate on a consequential basis, then we can only judge our violence by its outcome. If we, as a culture, are using confinement effectively, it should make violence more predictable, and that predictability should make it rarer. If we are using it ineffectively, the expected result is more unforeseen attacks. It is tempting to think some evidence-based technocracy could craft policy on this basis alone, judging the results dispassionately and making adjustments.\n\nThe problem is, consequentialism is a black hole. If, for example, we admit that unpredictable violence is even a partially heritable tendency, we cannot ignore the prospect that our own society owes what humaneness it has directly to the millennia its predecessors spent executing the most impulsively violent portion of every generation — it would be hard to argue this had no effect on population genetics. Game-theoretically the picture is even darker: endemically high trust may inevitably incentivize enough defection to bring the institutions that foster that trust crashing down.\n\nPut another way, what would you think of a justice system that forcibly sterilized the families of criminals, regardless of whether they participated in the crime? How about one that pre-emptively imprisoned children they could prove had a high risk of violent behavior in the future, or one that doped the public water supply with psychoactive drugs?\n\nIf you want to make consequential arguments against those, you have to appeal to something like relative suffering — you have to predict such systems would result in more misery than they cured. Are you sure, though? Have you measured? Would you precommit to supporting one such regime if someone presented you sufficient evidence (cf. [Blüml et al. 2013](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23312137)) that it would, in fact, lead to a more eudaimonic future, one that would outweigh any measurable costs? Or are there means no end can justify? Deontology is out of fashion, but in practical terms most of us operate on virtue ethics — if we didn’t, those potentially dystopian scenarios would not give us pause before we saw hard numbers.\n\nIf there is a criticism of our justice system inherent in the gruesome story of Daniel St. Hubert, it is that it sometimes errs on the side of ignoring available evidence. His victims did not have enough information to conclude with any confidence that he was dangerous — but civil authorities surely did. His pathology was known and his pattern of psychotic violence very well-established when he was released from prison nine days before the elevator murder, with no medication and no psychiatric referral. His arrest record was litany of brutality; he had strangled his own mother with an electrical cord. His parole officer recommended he be committed, but was ignored. Neighborhood cops knew about him, but could not intervene until the deed was done. Were some reasonable individual confronted with the same evidence, and somehow given sole and unanswerable responsibility for his disposition by fiat, they might well have concluded that he was overwhelmingly likely to do harm, and that this far outweighed the injustice of confinement or exile or even execution, due process be damned.\n\nOur modern legal system is not built this way, precisely because of the problems arbitrary case-by-case penalties once created. Individuals are capricious and corruptible, so we have gradually separated the roles of judge, jury, and executioner, not to mention lawyer and bailiff and peace officer and forensic psychologist. That they hew collectively to any standards makes the personal violence of justice more predictable in most situations, but those standards can conflict and backfire on edge cases.\n\nIt is famously impossible to derive ‘ought’ from ‘is’ — oughts must be plucked from the evolutionary winnowing of received tradition, from pure aesthetic preference, or from the dreams of conscience. Few would not prefer to inhabit a world where PJ Avitto and Mikayla Kaypers had lived their childhoods, but such a world does not exist — it is a dream. That doesn’t make it useless; contemplating unreality may lead us to dwell on a past we cannot change, but it also helps us predict the future. How likely is it that somewhere downstream of here we will resolve a few institutional scleroses, and a similar tragedy will be averted by a person with enough information to evaluate the stakes, enough authority to act decisively, and enough proper incentive to exercise it? We cannot know for certain — all we can say is that, unlike any map of a world where PJ had a seventh birthday, we cannot yet rule it out.\n\nCold comfort indeed. Is there no firm ground anywhere in this nightmare? To name one is to editorialize, beyond the bounds of any detachment or objectivity; let that be explicit.\n\nMikayla survived the attack, and eventually recovered from her wounds. She survived because PJ died first — because, in the last seconds of his life, he interposed his body between hers and the knife. It is unseemly to quibble over how and whether he ‘chose’ in the scant time he had — such abstractions are for his killer, and for us, not for him. They are mechanical blueprints, operating diagrams for practical safety, utterly insufficient to describe the profundity of his ἀρετή. His fate, and all fates, were sealed at the moment the universe began — but what an incomparable honor it is to live in a universe where a six-year-old boy laid down his life for his friend.\n\n \n\nBlüml, V. et al. (2013). Lithium in the public water supply and suicide mortality in Texas. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 47(3), 407-411.\n\n \n\nBobzien, S. (2001). Freedom and That Which Depends on Us: Epictetus and Early Stoics. Determinism and Freedom in Stoic Philosophy, 330-358.\n\n \n\nCelona, L. and Wilson, T. (2014, June 1). Maniac wielding butcher knife kills child in elevator. The New York Post, 1/5.\n\n \n\nClark, A. (2013). Whatever next? Predictive brains, situated agents, and the future of cognitive science. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 36, 181–253.\n\n \n\nCorlett, P. et al. (2009). From drugs to deprivation: a Bayesian framework for understanding models of psychosis. Psychopharmacology, 206(4), 515–530.\n\n \n\nCouenhoven, J. (2007). Augustine’s rejection of the free-will defence: an overview of the late Augustine’s theodicy. Religious Studies, 43, 279–298\n\n \n\nDennett, D. (1984). Elbow room: the varieties of free will worth wanting. Cambridge, Massachussetts: MIT Press.\n\n \n\nLibet, B. et al. (1983). Time of Conscious Intention to Act in Relation to Onset of Cerebral Activity (Readiness-Potential) – The Unconscious Initiation of a Freely Voluntary Act. Brain, 106, 623–642.\n\n \n\nSantora, M. (2014, June 6). Before Arrest, a Long String of Violent Acts: Daniel St. Hubert Served Prison Time for Attacking His Mother. The New York Times, A17.\n\n \n\nSodian, B. (2016). Understanding of Goals, Beliefs, and Desires Predicts Morally Relevant Theory of Mind: A Longitudinal Investigation. Child development, 87(4), 1221-1232",
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monistowlpublished a new post: class-rules
2017/12/01 21:32:12
authormonistowl
body![dndeverywhere.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmU43jbY9g2iTMVNJ6fJPN7aKkXhYpjFzHAHFs1DhZMF46/dndeverywhere.jpg) Americans: supplemental American PCs get +3 charisma, -5 wisdom. Characters start with an extra 1000gp, but must pay 1gp for every 1hp healed. Mounts will consume 3x more feed than normal and may explode. American rangers’ weapons do 2x damage, and cannot be stolen while wielder remains alive or before their corpse cools to <60° (Farenheit, of course). American fighters gain +3 to-hit versus enemies associated with the color red (skins, coats, ideologies, &c.). American mages may spend 2e9 gp to summon a legendary fire demon, who will raze target city or fortress and poison the surrounding land, but can only do so twice, as the third summoning will trigger Ragnarok. American clerics may sacrifice freedom at any lawful shrine to obtain a security bonus. American bards gain reputation at 4x the normal rate, and may roll a skill check to steal songs from other races. American rogues past level 10 are considered too big to fail any skill checks.
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parent author
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      "body": "![dndeverywhere.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmU43jbY9g2iTMVNJ6fJPN7aKkXhYpjFzHAHFs1DhZMF46/dndeverywhere.jpg)\n\n\n\nAmericans: supplemental\n\nAmerican PCs get +3 charisma, -5 wisdom.\n\nCharacters start with an extra 1000gp, but must pay 1gp for every 1hp healed.\n\nMounts will consume 3x more feed than normal and may explode.\n\nAmerican rangers’ weapons do 2x damage, and cannot be stolen while wielder remains alive or before their corpse cools to <60° (Farenheit, of course).\n\nAmerican fighters gain +3 to-hit versus enemies associated with the color red (skins, coats, ideologies, &c.).\n\nAmerican mages may spend 2e9 gp to summon a legendary fire demon, who will raze target city or fortress and poison the surrounding land, but can only do so twice, as the third summoning will trigger Ragnarok.\n\nAmerican clerics may sacrifice freedom at any lawful shrine to obtain a security bonus.\n\nAmerican bards gain reputation at 4x the normal rate, and may roll a skill check to steal songs from other races.\n\nAmerican rogues past level 10 are considered too big to fail any skill checks.",
      "json_metadata": "{\"tags\":[\"funny\",\"gaming\",\"fun\",\"writing\",\"rpg\"],\"image\":[\"https://steemitimages.com/DQmU43jbY9g2iTMVNJ6fJPN7aKkXhYpjFzHAHFs1DhZMF46/dndeverywhere.jpg\"],\"app\":\"steemit/0.1\",\"format\":\"markdown\"}",
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      "parent_permlink": "funny",
      "permlink": "class-rules",
      "title": "Class Rules"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-12-01T21:32:12",
  "trx_id": "5389fd6b7fd2e0ae101336bbe5321a1eb93b8e54",
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2017/12/01 21:30:39
authormonistowl
permlinkthe-great-dictator
voterubg
weight100 (1.00%)
Transaction InfoBlock #17714968/Trx c538a46210605a10ddc6b056d876ca1a39c0566e
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "block": 17714968,
  "op": [
    "vote",
    {
      "author": "monistowl",
      "permlink": "the-great-dictator",
      "voter": "ubg",
      "weight": 100
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  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-12-01T21:30:39",
  "trx_id": "c538a46210605a10ddc6b056d876ca1a39c0566e",
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2017/12/01 21:17:57
authormonistowl
body@@ -157,15 +157,8 @@ the -iframe code
json metadata{"tags":["help"],"image":["https://i.imgur.com/tTqlBmV.jpg"],"app":"steemit/0.1"}
parent authorromain.perrier
parent permlinkvideo-on-steemit
permlinkre-romainperrier-video-on-steemit-20171201t211649806z
title
Transaction InfoBlock #17714714/Trx 9983e751eff9b8ce2f4a4d84990713c5225fcbe0
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "block": 17714714,
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      "author": "monistowl",
      "body": "@@ -157,15 +157,8 @@\n the \n-iframe \n code\n",
      "json_metadata": "{\"tags\":[\"help\"],\"image\":[\"https://i.imgur.com/tTqlBmV.jpg\"],\"app\":\"steemit/0.1\"}",
      "parent_author": "romain.perrier",
      "parent_permlink": "video-on-steemit",
      "permlink": "re-romainperrier-video-on-steemit-20171201t211649806z",
      "title": ""
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2017/12/01 21:16:48
authormonistowl
bodyThe easiest way is to upload your video to YouTube and then copy the embed code into your post, like so: ![](https://i.imgur.com/tTqlBmV.jpg) Copy-paste the iframe code into your post and it should show up as a playable video! (To embed a picture like that, do like so: \!\[\](somesite.net/imageurl.png) )
json metadata{"tags":["help"],"image":["https://i.imgur.com/tTqlBmV.jpg"],"app":"steemit/0.1"}
parent authorromain.perrier
parent permlinkvideo-on-steemit
permlinkre-romainperrier-video-on-steemit-20171201t211649806z
title
Transaction InfoBlock #17714691/Trx 1255abf6181f87dfa0b80962e0976ea188a892ef
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "block": 17714691,
  "op": [
    "comment",
    {
      "author": "monistowl",
      "body": "The easiest way is to upload your video to YouTube and then copy the embed code into your post, like so:\n\n![](https://i.imgur.com/tTqlBmV.jpg) \n\nCopy-paste the iframe code into your post and it should show up as a playable video!\n\n(To embed a picture like that, do like so: \\!\\[\\](somesite.net/imageurl.png) )",
      "json_metadata": "{\"tags\":[\"help\"],\"image\":[\"https://i.imgur.com/tTqlBmV.jpg\"],\"app\":\"steemit/0.1\"}",
      "parent_author": "romain.perrier",
      "parent_permlink": "video-on-steemit",
      "permlink": "re-romainperrier-video-on-steemit-20171201t211649806z",
      "title": ""
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  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-12-01T21:16:48",
  "trx_id": "1255abf6181f87dfa0b80962e0976ea188a892ef",
  "trx_in_block": 18,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

Account Metadata

POSTING JSON METADATA
None
JSON METADATA
None
{
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Auth Keys

Owner
Single Signature
Public Keys
STM7ZAHPNnmt7Z2n43vXEDVtzKjYYkT3C1F9rdyqcycJYBUT5JuKo1/1
Active
Single Signature
Public Keys
STM8m4Ncj1mdGMKqd5LiZ1dbPykienKJ9M3bah7PVvERr6qnJhyn51/1
Posting
Single Signature
Public Keys
STM7U2Au6TN6xPkhycLvPYBPEZVBsTVA2ZSiaaHS5VKzgpxTCcW5x1/1
App Permissions
Memo
STM7ruMbjnTd1uUw56U1EbBWtoU8friXKHwWx9hETkoSay6eoGqeJ
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  "memo": "STM7ruMbjnTd1uUw56U1EbBWtoU8friXKHwWx9hETkoSay6eoGqeJ"
}

Witness Votes

0 / 30
No active witness votes.
[]