VOTING POWER100.00%
DOWNVOTE POWER100.00%
RESOURCE CREDITS100.00%
REPUTATION PROGRESS0.00%
Net Worth
0.000USD
STEEM
0.007STEEM
SBD
0.000SBD
Effective Power
3.361SP
├── Own SP
0.000SP
└── Incoming DelegationsDeleg
+3.361SP
Detailed Balance
| STEEM | ||
| balance | 0.007STEEM | STEEM |
| market_balance | 0.000STEEM | STEEM |
| savings_balance | 0.000STEEM | STEEM |
| reward_steem_balance | 0.000STEEM | STEEM |
| STEEM POWER | ||
| Own SP | 0.000SP | SP |
| Delegated Out | 0.000SP | SP |
| Delegation In | 3.361SP | SP |
| Effective Power | 3.361SP | SP |
| Reward SP (pending) | 0.001SP | SP |
| SBD | ||
| sbd_balance | 0.000SBD | SBD |
| sbd_conversions | 0.000SBD | SBD |
| sbd_market_balance | 0.000SBD | SBD |
| savings_sbd_balance | 0.000SBD | SBD |
| reward_sbd_balance | 0.000SBD | SBD |
{
"balance": "0.007 STEEM",
"savings_balance": "0.000 STEEM",
"reward_steem_balance": "0.000 STEEM",
"vesting_shares": "0.000000 VESTS",
"delegated_vesting_shares": "0.000000 VESTS",
"received_vesting_shares": "5472.996220 VESTS",
"sbd_balance": "0.000 SBD",
"savings_sbd_balance": "0.000 SBD",
"reward_sbd_balance": "0.000 SBD",
"conversions": []
}Account Info
| name | kombate |
| id | 1540650 |
| rank | 1,201,100 |
| reputation | 551163878 |
| created | 2021-06-02T09:58:57 |
| recovery_account | steem |
| proxy | None |
| post_count | 3 |
| comment_count | 0 |
| lifetime_vote_count | 0 |
| witnesses_voted_for | 0 |
| last_post | 2021-06-03T16:45:15 |
| last_root_post | 2021-06-03T16:45:15 |
| last_vote_time | 2021-06-03T16:46:51 |
| proxied_vsf_votes | 0, 0, 0, 0 |
| can_vote | 1 |
| voting_power | 0 |
| delayed_votes | 0 |
| balance | 0.007 STEEM |
| savings_balance | 0.000 STEEM |
| sbd_balance | 0.000 SBD |
| savings_sbd_balance | 0.000 SBD |
| vesting_shares | 0.000000 VESTS |
| delegated_vesting_shares | 0.000000 VESTS |
| received_vesting_shares | 5472.996220 VESTS |
| reward_vesting_balance | 1.874810 VESTS |
| vesting_balance | 0.000 STEEM |
| vesting_withdraw_rate | 0.000000 VESTS |
| next_vesting_withdrawal | 1969-12-31T23:59:59 |
| withdrawn | 0 |
| to_withdraw | 0 |
| withdraw_routes | 0 |
| savings_withdraw_requests | 0 |
| last_account_recovery | 1970-01-01T00:00:00 |
| reset_account | null |
| last_owner_update | 1970-01-01T00:00:00 |
| last_account_update | 1970-01-01T00:00:00 |
| mined | No |
| sbd_seconds | 0 |
| sbd_last_interest_payment | 1970-01-01T00:00:00 |
| savings_sbd_last_interest_payment | 1970-01-01T00:00:00 |
{
"id": 1540650,
"name": "kombate",
"owner": {
"weight_threshold": 1,
"account_auths": [],
"key_auths": [
[
"STM6H78wQgGBbDwv7aQKLyDmcK6copNtsoZCQdbHikiwNGaPL5gWS",
1
]
]
},
"active": {
"weight_threshold": 1,
"account_auths": [],
"key_auths": [
[
"STM5hCvZFXCraL196BdGC9JwDLmkXcgzGoTEtwtsmVukKwUDbMQuf",
1
]
]
},
"posting": {
"weight_threshold": 1,
"account_auths": [],
"key_auths": [
[
"STM78Zn98PHEEwPVeBg3GdntcE75jEdqVb94SD52CVXLnCVi3kvEG",
1
]
]
},
"memo_key": "STM7UR7LoNL4B5qUmwgk1oQ6xHcHVaT4Q9CjUZXhmB7a9aRYnrAuz",
"json_metadata": "{}",
"posting_json_metadata": "",
"proxy": "",
"last_owner_update": "1970-01-01T00:00:00",
"last_account_update": "1970-01-01T00:00:00",
"created": "2021-06-02T09:58:57",
"mined": false,
"recovery_account": "steem",
"last_account_recovery": "1970-01-01T00:00:00",
"reset_account": "null",
"comment_count": 0,
"lifetime_vote_count": 0,
"post_count": 3,
"can_vote": true,
"voting_manabar": {
"current_mana": "5472996220",
"last_update_time": 1769177265
},
"downvote_manabar": {
"current_mana": 1368249055,
"last_update_time": 1769177265
},
"voting_power": 0,
"balance": "0.007 STEEM",
"savings_balance": "0.000 STEEM",
"sbd_balance": "0.000 SBD",
"sbd_seconds": "0",
"sbd_seconds_last_update": "1970-01-01T00:00:00",
"sbd_last_interest_payment": "1970-01-01T00:00:00",
"savings_sbd_balance": "0.000 SBD",
"savings_sbd_seconds": "0",
"savings_sbd_seconds_last_update": "1970-01-01T00:00:00",
"savings_sbd_last_interest_payment": "1970-01-01T00:00:00",
"savings_withdraw_requests": 0,
"reward_sbd_balance": "0.000 SBD",
"reward_steem_balance": "0.000 STEEM",
"reward_vesting_balance": "1.874810 VESTS",
"reward_vesting_steem": "0.001 STEEM",
"vesting_shares": "0.000000 VESTS",
"delegated_vesting_shares": "0.000000 VESTS",
"received_vesting_shares": "5472.996220 VESTS",
"vesting_withdraw_rate": "0.000000 VESTS",
"next_vesting_withdrawal": "1969-12-31T23:59:59",
"withdrawn": 0,
"to_withdraw": 0,
"withdraw_routes": 0,
"curation_rewards": 1,
"posting_rewards": 0,
"proxied_vsf_votes": [
0,
0,
0,
0
],
"witnesses_voted_for": 0,
"last_post": "2021-06-03T16:45:15",
"last_root_post": "2021-06-03T16:45:15",
"last_vote_time": "2021-06-03T16:46:51",
"post_bandwidth": 0,
"pending_claimed_accounts": 0,
"vesting_balance": "0.000 STEEM",
"reputation": 551163878,
"transfer_history": [],
"market_history": [],
"post_history": [],
"vote_history": [],
"other_history": [],
"witness_votes": [],
"tags_usage": [],
"guest_bloggers": [],
"rank": 1201100
}Withdraw Routes
| Incoming | Outgoing |
|---|---|
Empty | Empty |
{
"incoming": [],
"outgoing": []
}From Date
To Date
2026/01/23 14:07:45
2026/01/23 14:07:45
| delegator | steem |
| delegatee | kombate |
| vesting shares | 5472.996220 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #102859393/Trx b0720f31fdb46e5c08cd6493a18e2c42eadb94ae |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"trx_id": "b0720f31fdb46e5c08cd6493a18e2c42eadb94ae",
"block": 102859393,
"trx_in_block": 2,
"op_in_trx": 0,
"virtual_op": 0,
"timestamp": "2026-01-23T14:07:45",
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegator": "steem",
"delegatee": "kombate",
"vesting_shares": "5472.996220 VESTS"
}
]
}2024/12/17 09:22:33
2024/12/17 09:22:33
| delegator | steem |
| delegatee | kombate |
| vesting shares | 5637.215417 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #91305701/Trx 4fedcbb18761a709f656ce97830f2502948fabab |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"trx_id": "4fedcbb18761a709f656ce97830f2502948fabab",
"block": 91305701,
"trx_in_block": 5,
"op_in_trx": 0,
"virtual_op": 0,
"timestamp": "2024-12-17T09:22:33",
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegator": "steem",
"delegatee": "kombate",
"vesting_shares": "5637.215417 VESTS"
}
]
}2023/11/14 01:04:15
2023/11/14 01:04:15
| delegator | steem |
| delegatee | kombate |
| vesting shares | 5806.348949 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #79859878/Trx c9c1c17edbbc774a679aeb0403cb8770da23f72d |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"trx_id": "c9c1c17edbbc774a679aeb0403cb8770da23f72d",
"block": 79859878,
"trx_in_block": 7,
"op_in_trx": 0,
"virtual_op": 0,
"timestamp": "2023-11-14T01:04:15",
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegator": "steem",
"delegatee": "kombate",
"vesting_shares": "5806.348949 VESTS"
}
]
}2023/09/22 00:36:24
2023/09/22 00:36:24
| delegator | steem |
| delegatee | kombate |
| vesting shares | 8743.627735 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #78351151/Trx f941df4df4843dc9ad36099d9cee1697be0efbcc |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"trx_id": "f941df4df4843dc9ad36099d9cee1697be0efbcc",
"block": 78351151,
"trx_in_block": 4,
"op_in_trx": 0,
"virtual_op": 0,
"timestamp": "2023-09-22T00:36:24",
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegator": "steem",
"delegatee": "kombate",
"vesting_shares": "8743.627735 VESTS"
}
]
}2022/12/15 00:00:15
2022/12/15 00:00:15
| delegator | steem |
| delegatee | kombate |
| vesting shares | 8935.479164 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #70302607/Trx b306c8fe8ec15e17346053cb4a9802e9c66b6c50 |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"trx_id": "b306c8fe8ec15e17346053cb4a9802e9c66b6c50",
"block": 70302607,
"trx_in_block": 1,
"op_in_trx": 0,
"virtual_op": 0,
"timestamp": "2022-12-15T00:00:15",
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegator": "steem",
"delegatee": "kombate",
"vesting_shares": "8935.479164 VESTS"
}
]
}2022/04/18 21:34:51
2022/04/18 21:34:51
| delegator | steem |
| delegatee | kombate |
| vesting shares | 9114.257942 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #63426994/Trx a8a3421270e0e815ebff2377a886ed766fd42ff5 |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"trx_id": "a8a3421270e0e815ebff2377a886ed766fd42ff5",
"block": 63426994,
"trx_in_block": 13,
"op_in_trx": 0,
"virtual_op": 0,
"timestamp": "2022-04-18T21:34:51",
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegator": "steem",
"delegatee": "kombate",
"vesting_shares": "9114.257942 VESTS"
}
]
}2021/09/02 18:33:57
2021/09/02 18:33:57
| delegator | steem |
| delegatee | kombate |
| vesting shares | 9296.565229 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #56908985/Trx e1d5b40b4397aa8cfd2d5a60097ecc7b3764dfde |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"trx_id": "e1d5b40b4397aa8cfd2d5a60097ecc7b3764dfde",
"block": 56908985,
"trx_in_block": 1,
"op_in_trx": 0,
"virtual_op": 0,
"timestamp": "2021-09-02T18:33:57",
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegator": "steem",
"delegatee": "kombate",
"vesting_shares": "9296.565229 VESTS"
}
]
}2021/08/08 08:03:36
2021/08/08 08:03:36
| delegator | steem |
| delegatee | kombate |
| vesting shares | 27955.435222 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #56180957/Trx 08958097cad962d049e0edabf08c441768ca2f6b |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"trx_id": "08958097cad962d049e0edabf08c441768ca2f6b",
"block": 56180957,
"trx_in_block": 1,
"op_in_trx": 0,
"virtual_op": 0,
"timestamp": "2021-08-08T08:03:36",
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegator": "steem",
"delegatee": "kombate",
"vesting_shares": "27955.435222 VESTS"
}
]
}neerajkr03replied to @kombate / qw8ktp2021/07/14 13:15:27
neerajkr03replied to @kombate / qw8ktp
2021/07/14 13:15:27
| parent author | kombate |
| parent permlink | oxygen-is-rapidly-running-low-in-earth-s-lakes-here-s-why-this-means-trouble |
| author | neerajkr03 |
| permlink | qw8ktp |
| title | |
| body | </div> <div class="text-justify"> Welcome to Steem! There are many growing communities here that you may want to join, here is the [latest list](https://steemit.com/hive-133716/@randulakoralage/list-of-steemit-communities-categorized-by-their-subjects-v3) of communities prepared by randulakoralage. For general information about what is happening on Steem follow @steemitblog. <hr> Here is a post that explains everything steps by steps that will help you understand more about Steemit ecosystem, wallet security, Newcomers Achievement Program, list of tutorials, how to use tag in your post, how to claim your reward, how to exchange SBD to Steem, and many useful information. [Click here](https://steemit.com/hive-172186/@cryptokannon/notice-board-of-newcomers-community-updated-13-4-2021) to view this post. <hr> <div><p>There is a set of achievements prepared by <a href="/cryptokannon">cryptokannon</a> for new comers.</p> <ol> <li><p>First go to <a href="https://steemit.com/trending/hive-172186">New Comers Community</a></p></li> <li><p>Read <a href="https://steemit.com/hive-172186/@cryptokannon/achievement-tasks-resources-and-materials-newcomers-retention">this </a> summary about achievements.</p></li> <li><p>First achievement is a self introduction. <a href="https://steemit.com/hive-172186/@cryptokannon/achievement-1-mentor-by-cryptokannon-verification-through-introduction">THESE are the rules</a> for the post.</p></li> <li><p>Likewise, you can do all achievements. You can learn about steemit related things and get rewarded as well.</p></li> </ol> Regards, @neerajkr03 </div> |
| json metadata | {"users":["steemitblog","neerajkr03"],"links":["https://steemit.com/hive-133716/@randulakoralage/list-of-steemit-communities-categorized-by-their-subjects-v3","https://steemit.com/hive-172186/@cryptokannon/notice-board-of-newcomers-community-updated-13-4-2021","/cryptokannon","https://steemit.com/trending/hive-172186","https://steemit.com/hive-172186/@cryptokannon/achievement-tasks-resources-and-materials-newcomers-retention","https://steemit.com/hive-172186/@cryptokannon/achievement-1-mentor-by-cryptokannon-verification-through-introduction"],"app":"steemit/0.2"} |
| Transaction Info | Block #55474797/Trx 2540c8169ab9b215ea32965ce3194f0c55990a4f |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"trx_id": "2540c8169ab9b215ea32965ce3194f0c55990a4f",
"block": 55474797,
"trx_in_block": 0,
"op_in_trx": 0,
"virtual_op": 0,
"timestamp": "2021-07-14T13:15:27",
"op": [
"comment",
{
"parent_author": "kombate",
"parent_permlink": "oxygen-is-rapidly-running-low-in-earth-s-lakes-here-s-why-this-means-trouble",
"author": "neerajkr03",
"permlink": "qw8ktp",
"title": "",
"body": "</div>\n<div class=\"text-justify\">\n\nWelcome to Steem!\n\nThere are many growing communities here that you may want to join, here is the [latest list](https://steemit.com/hive-133716/@randulakoralage/list-of-steemit-communities-categorized-by-their-subjects-v3) of communities prepared by randulakoralage.\n\nFor general information about what is happening on Steem follow @steemitblog.\n<hr>\n\nHere is a post that explains everything steps by steps that will help you understand more about Steemit ecosystem, wallet security, Newcomers Achievement Program, list of tutorials, how to use tag in your post, how to claim your reward, how to exchange SBD to Steem, and many useful information. [Click here](https://steemit.com/hive-172186/@cryptokannon/notice-board-of-newcomers-community-updated-13-4-2021) to view this post.\n\n<hr>\n\n<div><p>There is a set of achievements prepared by <a href=\"/cryptokannon\">cryptokannon</a> for new comers.</p>\n<ol>\n<li><p>First go to <a href=\"https://steemit.com/trending/hive-172186\">New Comers Community</a></p></li>\n<li><p>Read <a href=\"https://steemit.com/hive-172186/@cryptokannon/achievement-tasks-resources-and-materials-newcomers-retention\">this </a> summary about achievements.</p></li>\n<li><p>First achievement is a self introduction. <a href=\"https://steemit.com/hive-172186/@cryptokannon/achievement-1-mentor-by-cryptokannon-verification-through-introduction\">THESE are the rules</a> for the post.</p></li>\n<li><p>Likewise, you can do all achievements. You can learn about steemit related things and get rewarded as well.</p></li>\n</ol>\n\nRegards,\n@neerajkr03\n</div>",
"json_metadata": "{\"users\":[\"steemitblog\",\"neerajkr03\"],\"links\":[\"https://steemit.com/hive-133716/@randulakoralage/list-of-steemit-communities-categorized-by-their-subjects-v3\",\"https://steemit.com/hive-172186/@cryptokannon/notice-board-of-newcomers-community-updated-13-4-2021\",\"/cryptokannon\",\"https://steemit.com/trending/hive-172186\",\"https://steemit.com/hive-172186/@cryptokannon/achievement-tasks-resources-and-materials-newcomers-retention\",\"https://steemit.com/hive-172186/@cryptokannon/achievement-1-mentor-by-cryptokannon-verification-through-introduction\"],\"app\":\"steemit/0.2\"}"
}
]
}crypto.piotrsent 0.003 STEEM to @kombate- "Regarding the latest information and development of Steemauto. Old SteemAuto is already being switched off. Today, I would like to introduce you to new version of SteemAuto launched by one of most rep..."2021/06/12 14:51:12
crypto.piotrsent 0.003 STEEM to @kombate- "Regarding the latest information and development of Steemauto. Old SteemAuto is already being switched off. Today, I would like to introduce you to new version of SteemAuto launched by one of most rep..."
2021/06/12 14:51:12
| from | crypto.piotr |
| to | kombate |
| amount | 0.003 STEEM |
| memo | Regarding the latest information and development of Steemauto. Old SteemAuto is already being switched off. Today, I would like to introduce you to new version of SteemAuto launched by one of most reputable witness. You can find it here: https://worldofxpilar.com/dash.php . I've helped testing it and it's WORKING GREAT so far (In case if you would have any questions, consider joining their discord channel: https://discord.com/invite/VAHHsmnNaJ ) |
| Transaction Info | Block #54567275/Trx 133ca3c36278a2a3ccc33fbee7a4bfa7e54e98a0 |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"trx_id": "133ca3c36278a2a3ccc33fbee7a4bfa7e54e98a0",
"block": 54567275,
"trx_in_block": 42,
"op_in_trx": 0,
"virtual_op": 0,
"timestamp": "2021-06-12T14:51:12",
"op": [
"transfer",
{
"from": "crypto.piotr",
"to": "kombate",
"amount": "0.003 STEEM",
"memo": "Regarding the latest information and development of Steemauto. Old SteemAuto is already being switched off. Today, I would like to introduce you to new version of SteemAuto launched by one of most reputable witness. You can find it here: https://worldofxpilar.com/dash.php . I've helped testing it and it's WORKING GREAT so far (In case if you would have any questions, consider joining their discord channel: https://discord.com/invite/VAHHsmnNaJ )"
}
]
}crypto.piotrsent 0.003 STEEM to @kombate- "Regarding the latest information and development of Steemauto. Old SteemAuto is already being switched off. Today, I would like to introduce you to new version of SteemAuto launched by one of most rep..."2021/06/12 12:32:27
crypto.piotrsent 0.003 STEEM to @kombate- "Regarding the latest information and development of Steemauto. Old SteemAuto is already being switched off. Today, I would like to introduce you to new version of SteemAuto launched by one of most rep..."
2021/06/12 12:32:27
| from | crypto.piotr |
| to | kombate |
| amount | 0.003 STEEM |
| memo | Regarding the latest information and development of Steemauto. Old SteemAuto is already being switched off. Today, I would like to introduce you to new version of SteemAuto launched by one of most reputable witness. You can find it here: https://worldofxpilar.com/dash.php . I've helped testing it and it's WORKING GREAT so far (In case if you would have any questions, consider joining their discord channel: https://discord.com/invite/VAHHsmnNaJ ) |
| Transaction Info | Block #54564514/Trx 36e8a9cd60663bdc1da329062295fc5619e38f92 |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"trx_id": "36e8a9cd60663bdc1da329062295fc5619e38f92",
"block": 54564514,
"trx_in_block": 13,
"op_in_trx": 0,
"virtual_op": 0,
"timestamp": "2021-06-12T12:32:27",
"op": [
"transfer",
{
"from": "crypto.piotr",
"to": "kombate",
"amount": "0.003 STEEM",
"memo": "Regarding the latest information and development of Steemauto. Old SteemAuto is already being switched off. Today, I would like to introduce you to new version of SteemAuto launched by one of most reputable witness. You can find it here: https://worldofxpilar.com/dash.php . I've helped testing it and it's WORKING GREAT so far (In case if you would have any questions, consider joining their discord channel: https://discord.com/invite/VAHHsmnNaJ )"
}
]
}kombatereceived 0.001 SP curation reward for @mcsamm / distribution-of-promosteem-and-steemghana-t-shirts-to-enhance-promotion-in-ghana2021/06/10 15:17:51
kombatereceived 0.001 SP curation reward for @mcsamm / distribution-of-promosteem-and-steemghana-t-shirts-to-enhance-promotion-in-ghana
2021/06/10 15:17:51
| curator | kombate |
| reward | 1.874810 VESTS |
| comment author | mcsamm |
| comment permlink | distribution-of-promosteem-and-steemghana-t-shirts-to-enhance-promotion-in-ghana |
| Transaction Info | Block #54510624/Virtual Operation #24 |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"trx_id": "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
"block": 54510624,
"trx_in_block": 4294967295,
"op_in_trx": 0,
"virtual_op": 24,
"timestamp": "2021-06-10T15:17:51",
"op": [
"curation_reward",
{
"curator": "kombate",
"reward": "1.874810 VESTS",
"comment_author": "mcsamm",
"comment_permlink": "distribution-of-promosteem-and-steemghana-t-shirts-to-enhance-promotion-in-ghana"
}
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}weibsfloatflagged (-100.00%) @kombate / we-re-going-back-to-venus-nasa-announces-two-new-missions-by-20302021/06/04 18:07:09
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2021/06/03 16:46:51
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}kombatepublished a new post: oxygen-is-rapidly-running-low-in-earth-s-lakes-here-s-why-this-means-trouble2021/06/03 16:45:15
kombatepublished a new post: oxygen-is-rapidly-running-low-in-earth-s-lakes-here-s-why-this-means-trouble
2021/06/03 16:45:15
| parent author | |
| parent permlink | science |
| author | kombate |
| permlink | oxygen-is-rapidly-running-low-in-earth-s-lakes-here-s-why-this-means-trouble |
| title | Oxygen Is Rapidly Running Low in Earth's Lakes. Here's Why This Means Trouble |
| body | DAVID NIELD 3 JUNE 2021 For most life forms on Earth, oxygen is a necessity, not an optional extra – and because of our warming planet, oxygen is quickly disappearing from our freshwater lakes, putting aquatic life and ecosystems under threat. Researchers looked at samples and measurements taken from 393 lakes in temperate areas of the globe across a period from 1941 to 2017, finding a widespread decline in dissolved oxygen in both surface and deep water habitats. That change in oxygen levels has a knock-on effect, all the way from the biogeochemistry of the water to the health of human populations who may rely on these lakes. It could also lead to increased greenhouse gas emissions from aquatic bacteria that produce methane. "All complex life depends on oxygen," says environmental biologist Kevin Rose, from the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. "It's the support system for aquatic food webs. And when you start losing oxygen, you have the potential to lose species." "Lakes are losing oxygen 2.75-9.3 times faster than the oceans, a decline that will have impacts throughout the ecosystem." Across more than 45,000 profiles of water temperatures and dissolved oxygen, the researchers found an average drop of 5.5 percent in dissolved oxygen in surface waters over the last four decades. That's down to simple physics: as the increasingly warm air heats the top layers of the lake, gases have a harder time dissolving in the warmer water. The average drop of 18.6 percent in dissolved oxygen in deep water over the same time period has a different explanation. While temperatures haven't changed here, less mixing of water layers is taking place as the surface stays warmer for longer. This stratification is happening in the oceans too. In a subset of lakes - around a quarter of the total sample - scientists found both increases in temperature and oxygen. The likely explanation is that these lakes are dominated by cyanobacteria blooms caused by nutrient rich run-off from farms and urban areas, which are producing their own oxygen. "Lakes are indicators or 'sentinels' of environmental change and potential threats to the environment because they respond to signals from the surrounding landscape and atmosphere," says aquatic ecologist Stephen Jane, from the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. "We found that these disproportionally more biodiverse systems are changing rapidly, indicating the extent to which ongoing atmospheric changes have already impacted ecosystems." Lakes account for just around 3 to 4 percent of Earth's non-glaciated surface, yet they are recognized as particularly rich ecosystems that provide habitat and vital resources for countless species (including humans). Diminishing oxygen supplies threaten not just the aquatic species within the lakes, but these biodiverse systems and their food webs as a whole. What's more, as oxygen levels drop, it allows numerous types of methane-emitting bacteria to move in – as these lakes emit more greenhouse gases, the global warming effect is perpetuated, and the cycle continues. It's an even bleaker situation than the one we're seeing happen with the planet's oceans, and the researchers think it could be just the start in terms of oxygen depletion. The only positive is that with more data and more information on the seriousness of the problem, we can take more effective measures to counter it. "Ongoing research has shown that oxygen levels are declining rapidly in the world's oceans," says Curt Breneman, dean of the School of Science at the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, who wasn't directly involved in the research. "This study now proves that the problem is even more severe in fresh waters, threatening our drinking water supplies and the delicate balance that enables complex freshwater ecosystems to thrive. |
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"title": "Oxygen Is Rapidly Running Low in Earth's Lakes. Here's Why This Means Trouble",
"body": "DAVID NIELD\n3 JUNE 2021\nFor most life forms on Earth, oxygen is a necessity, not an optional extra – and because of our warming planet, oxygen is quickly disappearing from our freshwater lakes, putting aquatic life and ecosystems under threat.\n\n\nResearchers looked at samples and measurements taken from 393 lakes in temperate areas of the globe across a period from 1941 to 2017, finding a widespread decline in dissolved oxygen in both surface and deep water habitats.\n\nThat change in oxygen levels has a knock-on effect, all the way from the biogeochemistry of the water to the health of human populations who may rely on these lakes. It could also lead to increased greenhouse gas emissions from aquatic bacteria that produce methane.\n\n\"All complex life depends on oxygen,\" says environmental biologist Kevin Rose, from the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. \"It's the support system for aquatic food webs. And when you start losing oxygen, you have the potential to lose species.\"\n\n\"Lakes are losing oxygen 2.75-9.3 times faster than the oceans, a decline that will have impacts throughout the ecosystem.\"\n\nAcross more than 45,000 profiles of water temperatures and dissolved oxygen, the researchers found an average drop of 5.5 percent in dissolved oxygen in surface waters over the last four decades. That's down to simple physics: as the increasingly warm air heats the top layers of the lake, gases have a harder time dissolving in the warmer water.\n\n\nThe average drop of 18.6 percent in dissolved oxygen in deep water over the same time period has a different explanation. While temperatures haven't changed here, less mixing of water layers is taking place as the surface stays warmer for longer. This stratification is happening in the oceans too.\n\nIn a subset of lakes - around a quarter of the total sample - scientists found both increases in temperature and oxygen. The likely explanation is that these lakes are dominated by cyanobacteria blooms caused by nutrient rich run-off from farms and urban areas, which are producing their own oxygen.\n\n\"Lakes are indicators or 'sentinels' of environmental change and potential threats to the environment because they respond to signals from the surrounding landscape and atmosphere,\" says aquatic ecologist Stephen Jane, from the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.\n\n\"We found that these disproportionally more biodiverse systems are changing rapidly, indicating the extent to which ongoing atmospheric changes have already impacted ecosystems.\"\n\nLakes account for just around 3 to 4 percent of Earth's non-glaciated surface, yet they are recognized as particularly rich ecosystems that provide habitat and vital resources for countless species (including humans). Diminishing oxygen supplies threaten not just the aquatic species within the lakes, but these biodiverse systems and their food webs as a whole.\n\n\nWhat's more, as oxygen levels drop, it allows numerous types of methane-emitting bacteria to move in – as these lakes emit more greenhouse gases, the global warming effect is perpetuated, and the cycle continues.\n\nIt's an even bleaker situation than the one we're seeing happen with the planet's oceans, and the researchers think it could be just the start in terms of oxygen depletion. The only positive is that with more data and more information on the seriousness of the problem, we can take more effective measures to counter it.\n\n\"Ongoing research has shown that oxygen levels are declining rapidly in the world's oceans,\" says Curt Breneman, dean of the School of Science at the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, who wasn't directly involved in the research.\n\n\"This study now proves that the problem is even more severe in fresh waters, threatening our drinking water supplies and the delicate balance that enables complex freshwater ecosystems to thrive.",
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2021/06/03 16:23:48
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2021/06/03 16:23:45
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2021/06/03 16:23:42
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kombatefollowed @iffatilyas
2021/06/03 16:23:39
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2021/06/03 16:23:36
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}kombatefollowed @mamamyanmar2021/06/03 16:23:33
kombatefollowed @mamamyanmar
2021/06/03 16:23:33
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}kombatefollowed @longhendra2021/06/03 16:23:27
kombatefollowed @longhendra
2021/06/03 16:23:27
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2021/06/03 16:23:24
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kombatefollowed @new-spirit
2021/06/03 16:23:18
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2021/06/03 16:23:15
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2021/06/03 16:23:06
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2021/06/03 16:23:06
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}2021/06/03 16:23:00
2021/06/03 16:23:00
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2021/06/03 16:22:57
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}kombatefollowed @arrmandoo2021/06/03 16:22:51
kombatefollowed @arrmandoo
2021/06/03 16:22:51
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2021/06/03 16:22:42
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2021/06/03 16:22:15
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}kombatepublished a new post: we-re-going-back-to-venus-nasa-announces-two-new-missions-by-20302021/06/03 16:15:18
kombatepublished a new post: we-re-going-back-to-venus-nasa-announces-two-new-missions-by-2030
2021/06/03 16:15:18
| parent author | |
| parent permlink | science |
| author | kombate |
| permlink | we-re-going-back-to-venus-nasa-announces-two-new-missions-by-2030 |
| title | We're Going Back to Venus! NASA Announces Two New Missions by 2030 |
| body | AFP 3 JUNE 2021 NASA announced two new missions to Venus on Wednesday that will launch at the end of the decade and are aimed at learning how Earth's nearest planetary neighbor became a hellscape while our own thrived. "These two sister missions both aim to understand how Venus became an inferno-like world, capable of melting lead at the surface," said Bill Nelson, the agency's newly-confirmed administrator. "They will offer the entire science community the chance to investigate a planet we haven't been to in more than 30 years." The missions have been awarded about US$500 million under NASA's Discovery Program, and each is expected to launch in the 2028-2030 timeframe. Both missions were picked from a competitive, peer-reviewed process based on their scientific value and feasibility of their plans. DAVINCI+, which stands for Deep Atmosphere Venus Investigation of Noble gases, Chemistry, and Imaging, will gather more detail on the composition of Venus' primarily carbon dioxide atmosphere, to learn how it formed and evolved. The mission also seeks to determine whether the planet once had an ocean. A descent sphere will plunge through the dense atmosphere which is laced with sulfuric acid clouds. It will precisely measure the levels of noble gases and other elements to learn what gave rise to the runaway greenhouse effect we see today. DAVINCI+ will also beam back the first high resolution images of the planet's "tesserae," geological features roughly comparable with Earth's continents whose existence suggests Venus has plate tectonics. The results could reshape scientists' understanding of terrestrial planet formation. The other mission is called VERITAS, an acronym for Venus Emissivity, Radio Science, InSAR, Topography, and Spectroscopy. This will aim to map the Venusian surface from orbit and delve into the planet's geologic history. Using a form of radar that is used to create three-dimensional constructions, it will chart surface elevations and confirm whether volcanoes and earthquakes are still happening on the planet. It will also use infrared scanning to determine rock type, which is largely unknown, and whether active volcanoes are releasing water vapor into the atmosphere. While the mission is NASA led, the German Aerospace Center will provide the infrared mapper, while the Italian Space Agency and France's Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales will contribute to the radar and other parts of the mission. "It is astounding how little we know about Venus, but the combined results of these missions will tell us about the planet from the clouds in its sky through the volcanoes on its surface all the way down to its very core," said Tom Wagner, NASA's Discovery Program scientist. "It will be as if we have rediscovered the planet." NASA's last Venus orbiter was Magellan, which arrived in 1990, but other vessels have made fly-bys since then. © Agence France-Presse |
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"title": "We're Going Back to Venus! NASA Announces Two New Missions by 2030",
"body": "AFP\n3 JUNE 2021\nNASA announced two new missions to Venus on Wednesday that will launch at the end of the decade and are aimed at learning how Earth's nearest planetary neighbor became a hellscape while our own thrived.\n\n\n\"These two sister missions both aim to understand how Venus became an inferno-like world, capable of melting lead at the surface,\" said Bill Nelson, the agency's newly-confirmed administrator.\n\n\"They will offer the entire science community the chance to investigate a planet we haven't been to in more than 30 years.\"\n\nThe missions have been awarded about US$500 million under NASA's Discovery Program, and each is expected to launch in the 2028-2030 timeframe.\n\nBoth missions were picked from a competitive, peer-reviewed process based on their scientific value and feasibility of their plans.\n\nDAVINCI+, which stands for Deep Atmosphere Venus Investigation of Noble gases, Chemistry, and Imaging, will gather more detail on the composition of Venus' primarily carbon dioxide atmosphere, to learn how it formed and evolved.\n\nThe mission also seeks to determine whether the planet once had an ocean.\n\nA descent sphere will plunge through the dense atmosphere which is laced with sulfuric acid clouds.\n\nIt will precisely measure the levels of noble gases and other elements to learn what gave rise to the runaway greenhouse effect we see today.\n\n\nDAVINCI+ will also beam back the first high resolution images of the planet's \"tesserae,\" geological features roughly comparable with Earth's continents whose existence suggests Venus has plate tectonics.\n\nThe results could reshape scientists' understanding of terrestrial planet formation.\n\n\n\nThe other mission is called VERITAS, an acronym for Venus Emissivity, Radio Science, InSAR, Topography, and Spectroscopy.\n\nThis will aim to map the Venusian surface from orbit and delve into the planet's geologic history.\n\nUsing a form of radar that is used to create three-dimensional constructions, it will chart surface elevations and confirm whether volcanoes and earthquakes are still happening on the planet.\n\nIt will also use infrared scanning to determine rock type, which is largely unknown, and whether active volcanoes are releasing water vapor into the atmosphere.\n\nWhile the mission is NASA led, the German Aerospace Center will provide the infrared mapper, while the Italian Space Agency and France's Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales will contribute to the radar and other parts of the mission.\n\n\"It is astounding how little we know about Venus, but the combined results of these missions will tell us about the planet from the clouds in its sky through the volcanoes on its surface all the way down to its very core,\" said Tom Wagner, NASA's Discovery Program scientist.\n\n\"It will be as if we have rediscovered the planet.\"\n\nNASA's last Venus orbiter was Magellan, which arrived in 1990, but other vessels have made fly-bys since then.\n\n© Agence France-Presse",
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}2021/06/03 12:25:18
2021/06/03 12:25:18
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}kombatecustom json: notify2021/06/02 18:49:30
kombatecustom json: notify
2021/06/02 18:49:30
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}2021/06/02 18:16:03
2021/06/02 18:16:03
| voter | pythontop |
| author | kombate |
| permlink | sciencealert-amazing-natural-experiment-in-this-amazonian-tribe-brains-don-t-age-like-ours |
| weight | -10000 (-100.00%) |
| Transaction Info | Block #54285483/Trx 74099338578dd89f4ebab9b7e752acaacabfda48 |
View Raw JSON Data
{
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}2021/06/02 12:16:57
2021/06/02 12:16:57
| delegator | steem |
| delegatee | kombate |
| vesting shares | 28141.889948 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #54278352/Trx b2d1c8977481b7cb33bb9048f162137ad392440b |
View Raw JSON Data
{
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}kombatefollowed @isman.putra2021/06/02 11:29:18
kombatefollowed @isman.putra
2021/06/02 11:29:18
| required auths | [] |
| required posting auths | ["kombate"] |
| id | follow |
| json | ["follow",{"follower":"kombate","following":"isman.putra","what":["blog",""]}] |
| Transaction Info | Block #54277403/Trx bddd4ed535f8dc3ec56770a51201e29f633e60f4 |
View Raw JSON Data
{
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}kombatefollowed @jessikaroll2021/06/02 11:29:15
kombatefollowed @jessikaroll
2021/06/02 11:29:15
| required auths | [] |
| required posting auths | ["kombate"] |
| id | follow |
| json | ["follow",{"follower":"kombate","following":"jessikaroll","what":["blog",""]}] |
| Transaction Info | Block #54277402/Trx 8d585574e6ad14f66b4ac62fbfab954d0a14e028 |
View Raw JSON Data
{
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}
]
}2021/06/02 11:29:09
2021/06/02 11:29:09
| required auths | [] |
| required posting auths | ["kombate"] |
| id | follow |
| json | ["follow",{"follower":"kombate","following":"zany14","what":["blog",""]}] |
| Transaction Info | Block #54277400/Trx d5bb08e8fffb789df2d649e841e0ad9846d127d6 |
View Raw JSON Data
{
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}2021/06/02 11:29:06
2021/06/02 11:29:06
| required auths | [] |
| required posting auths | ["kombate"] |
| id | follow |
| json | ["follow",{"follower":"kombate","following":"jephael","what":["blog",""]}] |
| Transaction Info | Block #54277399/Trx 4cf33ccfefaff35df8c0804050293be5be75a62a |
View Raw JSON Data
{
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}2021/06/02 11:29:03
2021/06/02 11:29:03
| required auths | [] |
| required posting auths | ["kombate"] |
| id | follow |
| json | ["follow",{"follower":"kombate","following":"reyarobo","what":["blog",""]}] |
| Transaction Info | Block #54277398/Trx 93aec7cf9ac7ebc7d87935e074e6e88e6d07a17c |
View Raw JSON Data
{
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}kombatefollowed @sromerovillalba2021/06/02 11:29:00
kombatefollowed @sromerovillalba
2021/06/02 11:29:00
| required auths | [] |
| required posting auths | ["kombate"] |
| id | follow |
| json | ["follow",{"follower":"kombate","following":"sromerovillalba","what":["blog",""]}] |
| Transaction Info | Block #54277397/Trx 33f4aaa8ecd55ff902dbf6fc26c2d88bf4480db9 |
View Raw JSON Data
{
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{
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}
]
}2021/06/02 11:28:57
2021/06/02 11:28:57
| required auths | [] |
| required posting auths | ["kombate"] |
| id | follow |
| json | ["follow",{"follower":"kombate","following":"anjuz","what":["blog",""]}] |
| Transaction Info | Block #54277396/Trx 2de45527a4f70f07cd03f8134bfce176ad3f655a |
View Raw JSON Data
{
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}
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}kombatefollowed @bellekiss-312021/06/02 11:28:42
kombatefollowed @bellekiss-31
2021/06/02 11:28:42
| required auths | [] |
| required posting auths | ["kombate"] |
| id | follow |
| json | ["follow",{"follower":"kombate","following":"bellekiss-31","what":["blog",""]}] |
| Transaction Info | Block #54277391/Trx 8af0f46c04e61d3421bc2597827972fabdf3c598 |
View Raw JSON Data
{
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{
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"json": "[\"follow\",{\"follower\":\"kombate\",\"following\":\"bellekiss-31\",\"what\":[\"blog\",\"\"]}]"
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}kombatefollowed @praveencherry2021/06/02 11:28:39
kombatefollowed @praveencherry
2021/06/02 11:28:39
| required auths | [] |
| required posting auths | ["kombate"] |
| id | follow |
| json | ["follow",{"follower":"kombate","following":"praveencherry","what":["blog",""]}] |
| Transaction Info | Block #54277390/Trx 4ac2ef70ddd0f7b1415ee017941b79bb04511ecb |
View Raw JSON Data
{
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{
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}2021/06/02 11:28:33
2021/06/02 11:28:33
| required auths | [] |
| required posting auths | ["kombate"] |
| id | follow |
| json | ["follow",{"follower":"kombate","following":"kizblizx","what":["blog",""]}] |
| Transaction Info | Block #54277388/Trx d65e90cf1a02aa08e225edd4e3b94f73667e074e |
View Raw JSON Data
{
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{
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}kombatefollowed @ananieves2021/06/02 11:28:24
kombatefollowed @ananieves
2021/06/02 11:28:24
| required auths | [] |
| required posting auths | ["kombate"] |
| id | follow |
| json | ["follow",{"follower":"kombate","following":"ananieves","what":["blog",""]}] |
| Transaction Info | Block #54277385/Trx fa964c26a42fdfefc37bfa46f17fb0b09fb5cade |
View Raw JSON Data
{
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{
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"json": "[\"follow\",{\"follower\":\"kombate\",\"following\":\"ananieves\",\"what\":[\"blog\",\"\"]}]"
}
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}kombatefollowed @websterlyn2021/06/02 11:28:21
kombatefollowed @websterlyn
2021/06/02 11:28:21
| required auths | [] |
| required posting auths | ["kombate"] |
| id | follow |
| json | ["follow",{"follower":"kombate","following":"websterlyn","what":["blog",""]}] |
| Transaction Info | Block #54277384/Trx 57e0e5aa6d914ec4d9354add0d2a9eaeea88e008 |
View Raw JSON Data
{
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{
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}2021/06/02 11:28:09
2021/06/02 11:28:09
| required auths | [] |
| required posting auths | ["kombate"] |
| id | follow |
| json | ["follow",{"follower":"kombate","following":"boblynx","what":["blog",""]}] |
| Transaction Info | Block #54277380/Trx 26c660dfb45a87c21c57b6a162203e90a2a257b5 |
View Raw JSON Data
{
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}kombatefollowed @muhanasir2021/06/02 11:28:06
kombatefollowed @muhanasir
2021/06/02 11:28:06
| required auths | [] |
| required posting auths | ["kombate"] |
| id | follow |
| json | ["follow",{"follower":"kombate","following":"muhanasir","what":["blog",""]}] |
| Transaction Info | Block #54277379/Trx e0c6ff41a40b430be2c11350fba7fdc0d6f37e63 |
View Raw JSON Data
{
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}kombatefollowed @karmadorje2021/06/02 11:28:03
kombatefollowed @karmadorje
2021/06/02 11:28:03
| required auths | [] |
| required posting auths | ["kombate"] |
| id | follow |
| json | ["follow",{"follower":"kombate","following":"karmadorje","what":["blog",""]}] |
| Transaction Info | Block #54277378/Trx 05bd986654df8be2db19faf1f8e1f40485bb24d1 |
View Raw JSON Data
{
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}2021/06/02 11:25:06
2021/06/02 11:25:06
| voter | kombate |
| author | kombate |
| permlink | sciencealert-amazing-natural-experiment-in-this-amazonian-tribe-brains-don-t-age-like-ours |
| weight | 10000 (100.00%) |
| Transaction Info | Block #54277319/Trx 5663163da8bfbec3710ebb4ed6d536100f272cfc |
View Raw JSON Data
{
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}kombatefollowed @steem.history2021/06/02 11:07:09
kombatefollowed @steem.history
2021/06/02 11:07:09
| required auths | [] |
| required posting auths | ["kombate"] |
| id | follow |
| json | ["follow",{"follower":"kombate","following":"steem.history","what":["blog",""]}] |
| Transaction Info | Block #54276964/Trx 11798ac348561d3fbfc6c10e3e6ec617720b1ac6 |
View Raw JSON Data
{
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}2021/06/02 11:00:27
2021/06/02 11:00:27
| voter | inertia |
| author | kombate |
| permlink | sciencealert-amazing-natural-experiment-in-this-amazonian-tribe-brains-don-t-age-like-ours |
| weight | 10000 (100.00%) |
| Transaction Info | Block #54276831/Trx 6c95d5cdc9d8857ba17fb569701b55221b5602c8 |
View Raw JSON Data
{
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}2021/06/02 10:52:36
2021/06/02 10:52:36
| voter | steem.history |
| author | kombate |
| permlink | sciencealert-amazing-natural-experiment-in-this-amazonian-tribe-brains-don-t-age-like-ours |
| weight | 500 (5.00%) |
| Transaction Info | Block #54276676/Trx fa1d2a634c2e7726314bbbf8dccedb098a62424d |
View Raw JSON Data
{
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}2021/06/02 10:52:33
2021/06/02 10:52:33
| parent author | kombate |
| parent permlink | sciencealert-amazing-natural-experiment-in-this-amazonian-tribe-brains-don-t-age-like-ours |
| author | steem.history |
| permlink | re-kombate-sciencealert-amazing-natural-experiment-in-this-amazonian-tribe-brains-don-t-age-like-ours-20210602t105233935z |
| title | Test |
| body | Hello welcome to Steemit world! I'm @steem.history, who is steem witness. This is a recommended post for you.[Newcomers Guide](https://steemitdev.com/guide/@steemitblog/steemit-a-guide-for-newcomers) and [The Complete Steemit Etiquette Guide (Revision 2.0)](https://steemit.com/steem/@steem.history/the-complete-steemit-etiquette-guide-revision-20-homage-1598425779) and, recommended community [Newcomers Community](https://steemit.com/trending/hive-172186) I wish you luck to your steemit activities.<center> https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmXHwdcNs5VPcBft1iSosPdHLpBNBfjuG84g3ffWhMw5JQ/image.png <sub>(The bots avatar has been created using https://robohash.org/)</sub> @steem.history ### My witness activity - [My aspiration for STEEM witness](https://steemit.com/hive-185836/@steem.history/my-aspiration-for-steem-witness-1601280729) - Provides information on Steem. [Reference](https://steemit.com/trending/hive-130095) - Supporting the Steem project. [SPUD4STEEM project](https://steemit.com/trending/spud4steem) - Supporting the community. [Newcomers Community](https://steemit.com/trending/hive-172186),[Steem Sri Lanka](https://steemit.com/trending/hive-133716) ,[WORLD OF XPILAR](https://steemit.com/trending/hive-185836) ### My featured posts - [The Complete Steemit Etiquette Guide (Revision 2.0) -Homage](https://steemit.com/steem/@steem.history/the-complete-steemit-etiquette-guide-revision-20-homage-1598425779) [](https://steemlogin.com/sign/account-witness-vote?witness=steem.history&approve=1) <sub>please click it!</sub>  <sub>(Go to https://steemit.com/~witnesses and type fbslo at the bottom of the page)</sub> </center> |
| json metadata | {"tsgs":["test"]} |
| Transaction Info | Block #54276675/Trx 4af60d2cf599ba3ba30d075d7ba1b6eda7584cb5 |
View Raw JSON Data
{
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"title": "Test",
"body": "Hello welcome to Steemit world! \n I'm @steem.history, who is steem witness. \n This is a recommended post for you.[Newcomers Guide](https://steemitdev.com/guide/@steemitblog/steemit-a-guide-for-newcomers) and [The Complete Steemit Etiquette Guide (Revision 2.0)](https://steemit.com/steem/@steem.history/the-complete-steemit-etiquette-guide-revision-20-homage-1598425779) and, recommended community [Newcomers Community](https://steemit.com/trending/hive-172186) \n I wish you luck to your steemit activities.<center> \n \n \n https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmXHwdcNs5VPcBft1iSosPdHLpBNBfjuG84g3ffWhMw5JQ/image.png \n <sub>(The bots avatar has been created using https://robohash.org/)</sub> \n @steem.history \n \n ### My witness activity \n - [My aspiration for STEEM witness](https://steemit.com/hive-185836/@steem.history/my-aspiration-for-steem-witness-1601280729) \n - Provides information on Steem. \n [Reference](https://steemit.com/trending/hive-130095) \n - Supporting the Steem project. \n [SPUD4STEEM project](https://steemit.com/trending/spud4steem) \n - Supporting the community. \n [Newcomers Community](https://steemit.com/trending/hive-172186),[Steem Sri Lanka](https://steemit.com/trending/hive-133716) ,[WORLD OF XPILAR](https://steemit.com/trending/hive-185836) \n \n ### My featured posts \n - [The Complete Steemit Etiquette Guide (Revision 2.0) -Homage](https://steemit.com/steem/@steem.history/the-complete-steemit-etiquette-guide-revision-20-homage-1598425779) \n \n [](https://steemlogin.com/sign/account-witness-vote?witness=steem.history&approve=1) \n <sub>please click it!</sub> \n \n  \n <sub>(Go to https://steemit.com/~witnesses and type fbslo at the bottom of the page)</sub> \n \n </center>",
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}2021/06/02 10:52:27
2021/06/02 10:52:27
| parent author | |
| parent permlink | science |
| author | kombate |
| permlink | sciencealert-amazing-natural-experiment-in-this-amazonian-tribe-brains-don-t-age-like-ours |
| title | ScienceAlert - 'Amazing Natural Experiment': In This Amazonian Tribe, Brains Don't Age Like Ours |
| body | Tsimane crossing the Maniqui River at sunrise. (Ben Trumble) HEALTH 'Amazing Natural Experiment': In This Amazonian Tribe, Brains Don't Age Like Ours PETER DOCKRILL 2 JUNE 2021 The Tsimane, an indigenous people who live in the Bolivian peripheries of the Amazon rainforest, lead lives that are very different to ours. They seem to be much healthier for it. This tribal and largely isolated population of forager-horticulturalists still lives today by traditional ways of farming, hunting, gathering, and fishing – continuing the practices of their ancestors, established in a time long before industrialization and urbanization transformed most of the world. For the Tsimane, the advantages are considerable. A study published in 2017 found that they effectively have the healthiest hearts in the world, with the lowest reported levels of coronary artery disease of any population ever recorded. That result was no fluke. New evidence now shows that the Tsimane also exhibit significantly less brain atrophy as they get older, showing a much slower decrease in brain volume than people in the US and Europe, and likely lowering their risk of cognitive impairment, functional decline, and dementia as a result. 010 tsimane 4 (Tsimane Health and Life History Project Team) "The Tsimane have provided us with an amazing natural experiment on the potentially detrimental effects of modern lifestyles on our health," says neuroscientist Andrei Irimia from the University of Southern California. "These findings suggest that brain atrophy may be slowed substantially by the same lifestyle factors associated with very low risk of heart disease." While it's understandable that the cardiovascular benefits enjoyed by the Tsimane would likely be tied to other health improvements, the new results are nonetheless a bit of a surprise. While we know well that the obesity common in modern, industrialized societies is linked with reductions in brain volume (also known as 'brain shrinking'), other factors can also contribute to cerebral atrophy. For instance, the Tsimane traditional lifestyle – and lack of access to modern health and medical care – exposes them to a higher burden of infectious diseases and greater levels of inflammation as a result. Given that systemic inflammation predicts greater brain atrophy, it was an open question as to whether the Tsimane might experience greater levels of brain shrinking, or alternatively have less risk of it, as suggested by their robust cardiovascular health (due to their lean diets and physically active lifestyles). 010 tsimane 4 Tsimane house and horticultural plot. (Ben Trumble) The new results answer that question, suggesting cardiovascular fitness is ultimately more important for healthy brain aging than inflammation factors tied to infectious diseases. In the study, researchers involved with the Tsimane Health and Life History Project Team enrolled 746 Tsimane adults, aged between 40 and 94, and organized for them to have CT scans to calculate their brain volume. The scans – which involved taking participants on a two-day bus trip to the nearest city with CT facilities – showed that, on average, Tsimane individuals experience slower reductions in brain volume as they get older, when compared to cohorts analyzed in previous studies, involving populations from Hamburg (Germany), St. Louis (USA), or Rotterdam (The Netherlands). "Despite its limitations, this study suggests that brain atrophy may be slowed substantially by lifestyles associated with very low cardiovascular disease risk, and that there is ample scope for interventions to improve brain health, even in the presence of chronically high systemic inflammation," the researchers explain in their paper. Ultimately, the comparison suggests industrialized lifestyles come with an approximate 70 percent increase in the rates of age-dependent brain volume reduction, although the researchers note the statistical comparisons here involve a number of limitations (including matching CT-derived data with brain volumes based on MRI). For that reason, that 70 percent figure is probably best viewed as a guide only – but it's nonetheless evidence of a substantial and striking contrast in the brain health of aging populations in the Tsimane versus their modern counterparts in other countries. 010 tsimane 4 (Tsimane Health and Life History Project Team) "Our sedentary lifestyle and diet rich in sugars and fats may be accelerating the loss of brain tissue with age and making us more vulnerable to diseases such as Alzheimer's," says senior author and anthropologist Hillard Kaplan from Chapman University, who has studied the Tsimane for nearly two decades. "The Tsimane can serve as a baseline for healthy brain aging." How to successfully realize the bold promise of these insights – weaning people in industrialized countries off diets we already know are bad, and coaxing them into physical activity – remains the million-dollar question. While we ponder it, there's a new model of good brain health to strive for, and they're living a quiet, isolated life in the Amazon. The findings are reported in The Journals of Gerontology, Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences. ➖ @sciencetoall ➖ |
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"permlink": "sciencealert-amazing-natural-experiment-in-this-amazonian-tribe-brains-don-t-age-like-ours",
"title": "ScienceAlert - 'Amazing Natural Experiment': In This Amazonian Tribe, Brains Don't Age Like Ours",
"body": "Tsimane crossing the Maniqui River at sunrise. (Ben Trumble)\nHEALTH\n'Amazing Natural Experiment': In This Amazonian Tribe, Brains Don't Age Like Ours\nPETER DOCKRILL\n2 JUNE 2021\nThe Tsimane, an indigenous people who live in the Bolivian peripheries of the Amazon rainforest, lead lives that are very different to ours. They seem to be much healthier for it.\n\n\nThis tribal and largely isolated population of forager-horticulturalists still lives today by traditional ways of farming, hunting, gathering, and fishing – continuing the practices of their ancestors, established in a time long before industrialization and urbanization transformed most of the world.\n\nFor the Tsimane, the advantages are considerable. A study published in 2017 found that they effectively have the healthiest hearts in the world, with the lowest reported levels of coronary artery disease of any population ever recorded.\n\nThat result was no fluke. New evidence now shows that the Tsimane also exhibit significantly less brain atrophy as they get older, showing a much slower decrease in brain volume than people in the US and Europe, and likely lowering their risk of cognitive impairment, functional decline, and dementia as a result.\n\n010 tsimane 4\n(Tsimane Health and Life History Project Team)\n\n\"The Tsimane have provided us with an amazing natural experiment on the potentially detrimental effects of modern lifestyles on our health,\" says neuroscientist Andrei Irimia from the University of Southern California.\n\n\"These findings suggest that brain atrophy may be slowed substantially by the same lifestyle factors associated with very low risk of heart disease.\"\n\n\nWhile it's understandable that the cardiovascular benefits enjoyed by the Tsimane would likely be tied to other health improvements, the new results are nonetheless a bit of a surprise.\n\nWhile we know well that the obesity common in modern, industrialized societies is linked with reductions in brain volume (also known as 'brain shrinking'), other factors can also contribute to cerebral atrophy.\n\nFor instance, the Tsimane traditional lifestyle – and lack of access to modern health and medical care – exposes them to a higher burden of infectious diseases and greater levels of inflammation as a result.\n\nGiven that systemic inflammation predicts greater brain atrophy, it was an open question as to whether the Tsimane might experience greater levels of brain shrinking, or alternatively have less risk of it, as suggested by their robust cardiovascular health (due to their lean diets and physically active lifestyles).\n\n010 tsimane 4\nTsimane house and horticultural plot. (Ben Trumble)\n\nThe new results answer that question, suggesting cardiovascular fitness is ultimately more important for healthy brain aging than inflammation factors tied to infectious diseases.\n\nIn the study, researchers involved with the Tsimane Health and Life History Project Team enrolled 746 Tsimane adults, aged between 40 and 94, and organized for them to have CT scans to calculate their brain volume.\n\n\nThe scans – which involved taking participants on a two-day bus trip to the nearest city with CT facilities – showed that, on average, Tsimane individuals experience slower reductions in brain volume as they get older, when compared to cohorts analyzed in previous studies, involving populations from Hamburg (Germany), St. Louis (USA), or Rotterdam (The Netherlands).\n\n\"Despite its limitations, this study suggests that brain atrophy may be slowed substantially by lifestyles associated with very low cardiovascular disease risk, and that there is ample scope for interventions to improve brain health, even in the presence of chronically high systemic inflammation,\" the researchers explain in their paper.\n\nUltimately, the comparison suggests industrialized lifestyles come with an approximate 70 percent increase in the rates of age-dependent brain volume reduction, although the researchers note the statistical comparisons here involve a number of limitations (including matching CT-derived data with brain volumes based on MRI).\n\nFor that reason, that 70 percent figure is probably best viewed as a guide only – but it's nonetheless evidence of a substantial and striking contrast in the brain health of aging populations in the Tsimane versus their modern counterparts in other countries.\n\n010 tsimane 4\n(Tsimane Health and Life History Project Team)\n\n\"Our sedentary lifestyle and diet rich in sugars and fats may be accelerating the loss of brain tissue with age and making us more vulnerable to diseases such as Alzheimer's,\" says senior author and anthropologist Hillard Kaplan from Chapman University, who has studied the Tsimane for nearly two decades.\n\n\"The Tsimane can serve as a baseline for healthy brain aging.\"\n\nHow to successfully realize the bold promise of these insights – weaning people in industrialized countries off diets we already know are bad, and coaxing them into physical activity – remains the million-dollar question.\n\nWhile we ponder it, there's a new model of good brain health to strive for, and they're living a quiet, isolated life in the Amazon.\n\nThe findings are reported in The Journals of Gerontology, Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences.\n\n ➖ @sciencetoall ➖",
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}executive-boardsent 0.001 STEEM to @kombate- "❗ Hello kombate, welcome to the STEEM ecosystem. The Executive Board is publishing insider infos at https://discord.gg/KyBbmhh on how you will be earning the most coins. It's easy, just follow the ins..."2021/06/02 10:00:12
executive-boardsent 0.001 STEEM to @kombate- "❗ Hello kombate, welcome to the STEEM ecosystem. The Executive Board is publishing insider infos at https://discord.gg/KyBbmhh on how you will be earning the most coins. It's easy, just follow the ins..."
2021/06/02 10:00:12
| from | executive-board |
| to | kombate |
| amount | 0.001 STEEM |
| memo | ❗ Hello kombate, welcome to the STEEM ecosystem. The Executive Board is publishing insider infos at https://discord.gg/KyBbmhh on how you will be earning the most coins. It's easy, just follow the instructions. THE 1000X BOOSTER KEY is already waiting for you over there too. 😉 Warm regards, The Executive Board. |
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}2021/06/02 09:58:57
2021/06/02 09:58:57
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