Ecoer Logo

@davesworld

33

Working hard to make a difference with the help of others

steemit.com/@davesworld
VOTING POWER100.00%
DOWNVOTE POWER100.00%
RESOURCE CREDITS100.00%
REPUTATION PROGRESS32.17%
Net Worth
0.604USD
STEEM
0.000STEEM
SBD
1.129SBD
Effective Power
5.007SP
├── Own SP
1.066SP
└── Incoming Deleg
+3.942SP

Detailed Balance

STEEM
balance
0.000STEEM
market_balance
0.000STEEM
savings_balance
0.000STEEM
reward_steem_balance
0.000STEEM
STEEM POWER
Own SP
1.066SP
Delegated Out
0.000SP
Delegation In
3.942SP
Effective Power
5.007SP
Reward SP (pending)
0.000SP
SBD
sbd_balance
1.129SBD
sbd_conversions
0.000SBD
sbd_market_balance
0.000SBD
savings_sbd_balance
0.000SBD
reward_sbd_balance
0.000SBD
{
  "balance": "0.000 STEEM",
  "savings_balance": "0.000 STEEM",
  "reward_steem_balance": "0.000 STEEM",
  "vesting_shares": "1733.304469 VESTS",
  "delegated_vesting_shares": "0.000000 VESTS",
  "received_vesting_shares": "6410.355337 VESTS",
  "sbd_balance": "1.129 SBD",
  "savings_sbd_balance": "0.000 SBD",
  "reward_sbd_balance": "0.000 SBD",
  "conversions": []
}

Account Info

namedavesworld
id743967
rank1,424,559
reputation8406792402
created2018-02-10T17:44:21
recovery_accountsteem
proxyNone
post_count21
comment_count0
lifetime_vote_count0
witnesses_voted_for0
last_post2018-03-03T12:21:42
last_root_post2018-02-27T16:41:21
last_vote_time2018-03-03T12:16:39
proxied_vsf_votes0, 0, 0, 0
can_vote1
voting_power0
delayed_votes0
balance0.000 STEEM
savings_balance0.000 STEEM
sbd_balance1.129 SBD
savings_sbd_balance0.000 SBD
vesting_shares1733.304469 VESTS
delegated_vesting_shares0.000000 VESTS
received_vesting_shares6410.355337 VESTS
reward_vesting_balance0.000000 VESTS
vesting_balance0.000 STEEM
vesting_withdraw_rate0.000000 VESTS
next_vesting_withdrawal1969-12-31T23:59:59
withdrawn0
to_withdraw0
withdraw_routes0
savings_withdraw_requests0
last_account_recovery1970-01-01T00:00:00
reset_accountnull
last_owner_update1970-01-01T00:00:00
last_account_update2018-02-11T21:47:21
minedNo
sbd_seconds0
sbd_last_interest_payment2018-12-10T23:54:21
savings_sbd_last_interest_payment1970-01-01T00:00:00
{
  "active": {
    "account_auths": [],
    "key_auths": [
      [
        "STM66YQjeyaQAzz5UpeVGhgpWWSuWLE5BgBkJ8WoveExkGnQFomMf",
        1
      ]
    ],
    "weight_threshold": 1
  },
  "balance": "0.000 STEEM",
  "can_vote": true,
  "comment_count": 0,
  "created": "2018-02-10T17:44:21",
  "curation_rewards": 2,
  "delegated_vesting_shares": "0.000000 VESTS",
  "downvote_manabar": {
    "current_mana": 2035914951,
    "last_update_time": 1779059799
  },
  "guest_bloggers": [],
  "id": 743967,
  "json_metadata": "{\"profile\":{\"cover_image\":\"https://imgur.com/cczz9W6.jpg\",\"profile_image\":\"https://imgur.com/hfXiOyu.jpg\",\"name\":\"Dave's World\",\"about\":\"Working hard to make a difference with the help of others\",\"location\":\"Scotland UK\",\"website\":\"https://www.David-Ewen.com\"}}",
  "last_account_recovery": "1970-01-01T00:00:00",
  "last_account_update": "2018-02-11T21:47:21",
  "last_owner_update": "1970-01-01T00:00:00",
  "last_post": "2018-03-03T12:21:42",
  "last_root_post": "2018-02-27T16:41:21",
  "last_vote_time": "2018-03-03T12:16:39",
  "lifetime_vote_count": 0,
  "market_history": [],
  "memo_key": "STM7JDA8Zfhtrea4U4f2j6usBR2XUq6XtHaqT6hJpdFVaiKVqd8MD",
  "mined": false,
  "name": "davesworld",
  "next_vesting_withdrawal": "1969-12-31T23:59:59",
  "other_history": [],
  "owner": {
    "account_auths": [],
    "key_auths": [
      [
        "STM7ZdgiJPeG8FEL4SfH4GEMZJgSyfmAbz9o1L1AmgC73kPMYwbTz",
        1
      ]
    ],
    "weight_threshold": 1
  },
  "pending_claimed_accounts": 0,
  "post_bandwidth": 0,
  "post_count": 21,
  "post_history": [],
  "posting": {
    "account_auths": [],
    "key_auths": [
      [
        "STM8SfmZEWZeUYDG2qoM3ggRfB39jygPR2FonYDqFtpSP1NPq9wxz",
        1
      ]
    ],
    "weight_threshold": 1
  },
  "posting_json_metadata": "{\"profile\":{\"cover_image\":\"https://imgur.com/cczz9W6.jpg\",\"profile_image\":\"https://imgur.com/hfXiOyu.jpg\",\"name\":\"Dave's World\",\"about\":\"Working hard to make a difference with the help of others\",\"location\":\"Scotland UK\",\"website\":\"https://www.David-Ewen.com\"}}",
  "posting_rewards": 690,
  "proxied_vsf_votes": [
    0,
    0,
    0,
    0
  ],
  "proxy": "",
  "received_vesting_shares": "6410.355337 VESTS",
  "recovery_account": "steem",
  "reputation": "8406792402",
  "reset_account": "null",
  "reward_sbd_balance": "0.000 SBD",
  "reward_steem_balance": "0.000 STEEM",
  "reward_vesting_balance": "0.000000 VESTS",
  "reward_vesting_steem": "0.000 STEEM",
  "savings_balance": "0.000 STEEM",
  "savings_sbd_balance": "0.000 SBD",
  "savings_sbd_last_interest_payment": "1970-01-01T00:00:00",
  "savings_sbd_seconds": "0",
  "savings_sbd_seconds_last_update": "1970-01-01T00:00:00",
  "savings_withdraw_requests": 0,
  "sbd_balance": "1.129 SBD",
  "sbd_last_interest_payment": "2018-12-10T23:54:21",
  "sbd_seconds": "0",
  "sbd_seconds_last_update": "2018-12-10T23:54:21",
  "tags_usage": [],
  "to_withdraw": 0,
  "transfer_history": [],
  "vesting_balance": "0.000 STEEM",
  "vesting_shares": "1733.304469 VESTS",
  "vesting_withdraw_rate": "0.000000 VESTS",
  "vote_history": [],
  "voting_manabar": {
    "current_mana": "8143659806",
    "last_update_time": 1779059799
  },
  "voting_power": 0,
  "withdraw_routes": 0,
  "withdrawn": 0,
  "witness_votes": [],
  "witnesses_voted_for": 0,
  "rank": 1424559
}

Withdraw Routes

IncomingOutgoing
Empty
Empty
{
  "incoming": [],
  "outgoing": []
}
From Date
To Date
steemdelegated 3.942 SP to @davesworld
2026/05/17 23:16:39
delegateedavesworld
delegatorsteem
vesting shares6410.355337 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #106142282/Trx 578c7544022d8e13c15e9d127cda0e12fb6ef36a
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "block": 106142282,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "davesworld",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "6410.355337 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2026-05-17T23:16:39",
  "trx_id": "578c7544022d8e13c15e9d127cda0e12fb6ef36a",
  "trx_in_block": 0,
  "virtual_op": 0
}
steemdelegated 2.274 SP to @davesworld
2026/05/11 23:54:48
delegateedavesworld
delegatorsteem
vesting shares3698.144932 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #105971010/Trx 8c9e272e5a995b0c4ce00fd2acb5899b96d813ab
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "block": 105971010,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "davesworld",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "3698.144932 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2026-05-11T23:54:48",
  "trx_id": "8c9e272e5a995b0c4ce00fd2acb5899b96d813ab",
  "trx_in_block": 0,
  "virtual_op": 0
}
steemdelegated 3.949 SP to @davesworld
2026/04/25 22:39:12
delegateedavesworld
delegatorsteem
vesting shares6422.871093 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #105509964/Trx e9d4ace2a7e2c33374b2fd7978b70857d5a6450c
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "block": 105509964,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "davesworld",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "6422.871093 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2026-04-25T22:39:12",
  "trx_id": "e9d4ace2a7e2c33374b2fd7978b70857d5a6450c",
  "trx_in_block": 2,
  "virtual_op": 0
}
steemdelegated 2.299 SP to @davesworld
2026/01/23 05:11:03
delegateedavesworld
delegatorsteem
vesting shares3739.691751 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #102848674/Trx a5430e8ccba0255466486c69e5aabb5e8e843486
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "block": 102848674,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "davesworld",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "3739.691751 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2026-01-23T05:11:03",
  "trx_id": "a5430e8ccba0255466486c69e5aabb5e8e843486",
  "trx_in_block": 1,
  "virtual_op": 0
}
steemdelegated 2.400 SP to @davesworld
2024/12/17 00:30:51
delegateedavesworld
delegatorsteem
vesting shares3903.910948 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #91295096/Trx 7750357567cfb2a70980f9d1c2638dcb1c1413a2
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "block": 91295096,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "davesworld",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "3903.910948 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2024-12-17T00:30:51",
  "trx_id": "7750357567cfb2a70980f9d1c2638dcb1c1413a2",
  "trx_in_block": 2,
  "virtual_op": 0
}
steemdelegated 2.504 SP to @davesworld
2023/11/13 16:14:33
delegateedavesworld
delegatorsteem
vesting shares4073.044480 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #79849327/Trx c823c8c72be0b7d9bd56c41430f2d8af7555d9a2
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "block": 79849327,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "davesworld",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "4073.044480 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2023-11-13T16:14:33",
  "trx_id": "c823c8c72be0b7d9bd56c41430f2d8af7555d9a2",
  "trx_in_block": 2,
  "virtual_op": 0
}
steemdelegated 4.310 SP to @davesworld
2023/09/21 20:41:00
delegateedavesworld
delegatorsteem
vesting shares7010.323266 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #78346458/Trx 737d9e13c2583e8f0419c72a4a335a42e1772b3b
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "block": 78346458,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "davesworld",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "7010.323266 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2023-09-21T20:41:00",
  "trx_id": "737d9e13c2583e8f0419c72a4a335a42e1772b3b",
  "trx_in_block": 3,
  "virtual_op": 0
}
steemdelegated 4.447 SP to @davesworld
2022/11/03 10:37:33
delegateedavesworld
delegatorsteem
vesting shares7232.004704 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #69111975/Trx cab57817f338429248e63b1749964be62b4d24b9
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "block": 69111975,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "davesworld",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "7232.004704 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2022-11-03T10:37:33",
  "trx_id": "cab57817f338429248e63b1749964be62b4d24b9",
  "trx_in_block": 0,
  "virtual_op": 0
}
steemdelegated 4.582 SP to @davesworld
2022/01/17 09:58:48
delegateedavesworld
delegatorsteem
vesting shares7452.537935 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #60808248/Trx 4febfba2d8d8181f14abd511250556f3155be56a
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "block": 60808248,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "davesworld",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "7452.537935 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2022-01-17T09:58:48",
  "trx_id": "4febfba2d8d8181f14abd511250556f3155be56a",
  "trx_in_block": 18,
  "virtual_op": 0
}
steemdelegated 4.695 SP to @davesworld
2021/06/13 23:56:18
delegateedavesworld
delegatorsteem
vesting shares7636.306593 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #54606683/Trx d56f07e775d2b07c902d3e1f324424eaaf3fc66b
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "block": 54606683,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "davesworld",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "7636.306593 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2021-06-13T23:56:18",
  "trx_id": "d56f07e775d2b07c902d3e1f324424eaaf3fc66b",
  "trx_in_block": 5,
  "virtual_op": 0
}
steemdelegated 4.811 SP to @davesworld
2020/12/11 10:16:39
delegateedavesworld
delegatorsteem
vesting shares7823.728567 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #49354179/Trx 71b18be3c055f1f1199f7bcad0356d8f3b9ac96e
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "block": 49354179,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "davesworld",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "7823.728567 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2020-12-11T10:16:39",
  "trx_id": "71b18be3c055f1f1199f7bcad0356d8f3b9ac96e",
  "trx_in_block": 5,
  "virtual_op": 0
}
steemdelegated 1.176 SP to @davesworld
2020/12/06 03:53:48
delegateedavesworld
delegatorsteem
vesting shares1912.543513 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #49205744/Trx 749eb266a27942a4bf1ac858525558f32c0c3b42
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "block": 49205744,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "davesworld",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "1912.543513 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2020-12-06T03:53:48",
  "trx_id": "749eb266a27942a4bf1ac858525558f32c0c3b42",
  "trx_in_block": 1,
  "virtual_op": 0
}
steemdelegated 4.814 SP to @davesworld
2020/12/05 11:51:06
delegateedavesworld
delegatorsteem
vesting shares7830.095206 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #49186853/Trx e8160485db3fe93104355ef86a0c50977dbdc65c
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "block": 49186853,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "davesworld",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "7830.095206 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2020-12-05T11:51:06",
  "trx_id": "e8160485db3fe93104355ef86a0c50977dbdc65c",
  "trx_in_block": 7,
  "virtual_op": 0
}
steemdelegated 1.181 SP to @davesworld
2020/11/02 13:49:39
delegateedavesworld
delegatorsteem
vesting shares1920.017158 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #48255672/Trx a844778209ee6896fdc3da562b35987792a27afd
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "block": 48255672,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "davesworld",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "1920.017158 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2020-11-02T13:49:39",
  "trx_id": "a844778209ee6896fdc3da562b35987792a27afd",
  "trx_in_block": 1,
  "virtual_op": 0
}
steemdelegated 4.939 SP to @davesworld
2020/05/09 04:50:18
delegateedavesworld
delegatorsteem
vesting shares8032.741780 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #43215982/Trx f4c9710d51b5f8ed57fd8332f0f1838ab086e48a
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "block": 43215982,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "davesworld",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "8032.741780 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2020-05-09T04:50:18",
  "trx_id": "f4c9710d51b5f8ed57fd8332f0f1838ab086e48a",
  "trx_in_block": 8,
  "virtual_op": 0
}
steemdelegated 1.201 SP to @davesworld
2020/05/08 08:18:24
delegateedavesworld
delegatorsteem
vesting shares1953.311140 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #43191920/Trx 7da7a26d9fec864c3152d4481cb76c3006168db1
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "block": 43191920,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "davesworld",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "1953.311140 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2020-05-08T08:18:24",
  "trx_id": "7da7a26d9fec864c3152d4481cb76c3006168db1",
  "trx_in_block": 17,
  "virtual_op": 0
}
2020/02/10 18:42:39
authorsteemitboard
bodyCongratulations @davesworld! You received a personal award! <table><tr><td>https://steemitimages.com/70x70/http://steemitboard.com/@davesworld/birthday2.png</td><td>Happy Birthday! - You are on the Steem blockchain for 2 years!</td></tr></table> <sub>_You can view [your badges on your Steem Board](https://steemitboard.com/@davesworld) and compare to others on the [Steem Ranking](https://steemitboard.com/ranking/index.php?name=davesworld)_</sub> ###### [Vote for @Steemitboard as a witness](https://v2.steemconnect.com/sign/account-witness-vote?witness=steemitboard&approve=1) to get one more award and increased upvotes!
json metadata{"image":["https://steemitboard.com/img/notify.png"]}
parent authordavesworld
parent permlinkmurder-for-profit-in-the-name-of-medial-science-the-story-of-edinburgh-s-infamous-body-snatchers-burke-and-hare
permlinksteemitboard-notify-davesworld-20200210t184238000z
title
Transaction InfoBlock #40704433/Trx 3e2057c0b940824cf923bac7510ddfec6589c24a
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "block": 40704433,
  "op": [
    "comment",
    {
      "author": "steemitboard",
      "body": "Congratulations @davesworld! You received a personal award!\n\n<table><tr><td>https://steemitimages.com/70x70/http://steemitboard.com/@davesworld/birthday2.png</td><td>Happy Birthday! - You are on the Steem blockchain for 2 years!</td></tr></table>\n\n<sub>_You can view [your badges on your Steem Board](https://steemitboard.com/@davesworld) and compare to others on the [Steem Ranking](https://steemitboard.com/ranking/index.php?name=davesworld)_</sub>\n\n\n###### [Vote for @Steemitboard as a witness](https://v2.steemconnect.com/sign/account-witness-vote?witness=steemitboard&approve=1) to get one more award and increased upvotes!",
      "json_metadata": "{\"image\":[\"https://steemitboard.com/img/notify.png\"]}",
      "parent_author": "davesworld",
      "parent_permlink": "murder-for-profit-in-the-name-of-medial-science-the-story-of-edinburgh-s-infamous-body-snatchers-burke-and-hare",
      "permlink": "steemitboard-notify-davesworld-20200210t184238000z",
      "title": ""
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2020-02-10T18:42:39",
  "trx_id": "3e2057c0b940824cf923bac7510ddfec6589c24a",
  "trx_in_block": 6,
  "virtual_op": 0
}
steemdelegated 5.000 SP to @davesworld
2019/11/14 17:04:00
delegateedavesworld
delegatorsteem
vesting shares8131.216124 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #38172912/Trx ed67678504fed437283a618b090df1fa89f22f05
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "block": 38172912,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "davesworld",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "8131.216124 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2019-11-14T17:04:00",
  "trx_id": "ed67678504fed437283a618b090df1fa89f22f05",
  "trx_in_block": 4,
  "virtual_op": 0
}
2019/02/10 18:59:39
authorsteemitboard
bodyCongratulations @davesworld! You received a personal award! <table><tr><td>https://steemitimages.com/70x70/http://steemitboard.com/@davesworld/birthday1.png</td><td>Happy Birthday! - You are on the Steem blockchain for 1 year!</td></tr></table> <sub>_[Click here to view your Board](https://steemitboard.com/@davesworld)_</sub> > Support [SteemitBoard's project](https://steemit.com/@steemitboard)! **[Vote for its witness](https://v2.steemconnect.com/sign/account-witness-vote?witness=steemitboard&approve=1)** and **get one more award**!
json metadata{"image":["https://steemitboard.com/img/notify.png"]}
parent authordavesworld
parent permlinkmurder-for-profit-in-the-name-of-medial-science-the-story-of-edinburgh-s-infamous-body-snatchers-burke-and-hare
permlinksteemitboard-notify-davesworld-20190210t185939000z
title
Transaction InfoBlock #30232845/Trx 96fd7962fed37ee4edd330317bb2790191a6e6a0
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "block": 30232845,
  "op": [
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    {
      "author": "steemitboard",
      "body": "Congratulations @davesworld! You received a personal award!\n\n<table><tr><td>https://steemitimages.com/70x70/http://steemitboard.com/@davesworld/birthday1.png</td><td>Happy Birthday! - You are on the Steem blockchain for 1 year!</td></tr></table>\n\n<sub>_[Click here to view your Board](https://steemitboard.com/@davesworld)_</sub>\n\n\n> Support [SteemitBoard's project](https://steemit.com/@steemitboard)! **[Vote for its witness](https://v2.steemconnect.com/sign/account-witness-vote?witness=steemitboard&approve=1)** and **get one more award**!",
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      "permlink": "steemitboard-notify-davesworld-20190210t185939000z",
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steemdelegated 5.121 SP to @davesworld
2018/12/11 01:56:27
delegateedavesworld
delegatorsteem
vesting shares8328.529714 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #28457083/Trx de7494cbf69ddeefac700d746cc032b0ae5372d8
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "block": 28457083,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
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      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "8328.529714 VESTS"
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  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2018-12-11T01:56:27",
  "trx_id": "de7494cbf69ddeefac700d746cc032b0ae5372d8",
  "trx_in_block": 11,
  "virtual_op": 0
}
davesworldclaimed reward balance: 1.127 SBD, 0.437 SP
2018/12/10 23:54:21
accountdavesworld
reward sbd1.127 SBD
reward steem0.000 STEEM
reward vests710.800635 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #28454643/Trx 56ebeb908295b431434f916ef409d942b6de96ef
View Raw JSON Data
{
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  "op": [
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      "reward_sbd": "1.127 SBD",
      "reward_steem": "0.000 STEEM",
      "reward_vests": "710.800635 VESTS"
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  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2018-12-10T23:54:21",
  "trx_id": "56ebeb908295b431434f916ef409d942b6de96ef",
  "trx_in_block": 32,
  "virtual_op": 0
}
steemdelegated 5.621 SP to @davesworld
2018/06/03 18:50:51
delegateedavesworld
delegatorsteem
vesting shares9142.190471 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #23006036/Trx 89158292d7c8d0e7276b21653cd70461fde70a53
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "block": 23006036,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
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      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "9142.190471 VESTS"
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  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2018-06-03T18:50:51",
  "trx_id": "89158292d7c8d0e7276b21653cd70461fde70a53",
  "trx_in_block": 27,
  "virtual_op": 0
}
steemdelegated 18.136 SP to @davesworld
2018/05/19 16:44:06
delegateedavesworld
delegatorsteem
vesting shares29495.549899 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #22571967/Trx e125a57fe6edbf517bd963d15b0be146e7944a21
View Raw JSON Data
{
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  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
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  "trx_id": "e125a57fe6edbf517bd963d15b0be146e7944a21",
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alesno1sent 0.001 SBD to @davesworld- "LIMITED OFFER! Send 1 SBD or STEEM to @steempromos with post URL in Memo and get 4 SBD upvote on your post. Pre-service-launch PROMOTION is valid till 1st april only, hurry up!"
2018/03/23 04:42:42
amount0.001 SBD
fromalesno1
memoLIMITED OFFER! Send 1 SBD or STEEM to @steempromos with post URL in Memo and get 4 SBD upvote on your post. Pre-service-launch PROMOTION is valid till 1st april only, hurry up!
todavesworld
Transaction InfoBlock #20916934/Trx be30c0724b9ad798811732d173c4c9367f83cb77
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "block": 20916934,
  "op": [
    "transfer",
    {
      "amount": "0.001 SBD",
      "from": "alesno1",
      "memo": "LIMITED OFFER! Send 1 SBD or STEEM to @steempromos with post URL in Memo and get 4 SBD upvote on your post.  Pre-service-launch PROMOTION is valid till 1st april only, hurry up!",
      "to": "davesworld"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2018-03-23T04:42:42",
  "trx_id": "be30c0724b9ad798811732d173c4c9367f83cb77",
  "trx_in_block": 70,
  "virtual_op": 0
}
alesno1sent 0.001 SBD to @davesworld- "LIMITED OFFER! Send 1 SBD or STEEM to @steempromos with post URL in Memo and get 4 SBD upvote on your post. Pre-service-launch PROMOTION is valid till 1st april only so hurry up!"
2018/03/18 06:55:48
amount0.001 SBD
fromalesno1
memoLIMITED OFFER! Send 1 SBD or STEEM to @steempromos with post URL in Memo and get 4 SBD upvote on your post. Pre-service-launch PROMOTION is valid till 1st april only so hurry up!
todavesworld
Transaction InfoBlock #20776406/Trx aa831c817391ebce97b649376df6d287e6361571
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "block": 20776406,
  "op": [
    "transfer",
    {
      "amount": "0.001 SBD",
      "from": "alesno1",
      "memo": "LIMITED OFFER! Send 1 SBD or STEEM to @steempromos with post URL in Memo and get 4 SBD upvote on your post.  Pre-service-launch PROMOTION is valid till 1st april only so hurry up!",
      "to": "davesworld"
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  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2018-03-18T06:55:48",
  "trx_id": "aa831c817391ebce97b649376df6d287e6361571",
  "trx_in_block": 21,
  "virtual_op": 0
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2018/03/10 12:21:42
authordavesworld
permlinkre-hopehuggs-mission-fab-forging-the-path-to-success-and-personal-riches-20180303t122131587z
sbd payout0.106 SBD
steem payout0.000 STEEM
vesting payout83.723208 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #20552783/Virtual Operation #3
View Raw JSON Data
{
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  "op": [
    "author_reward",
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      "author": "davesworld",
      "permlink": "re-hopehuggs-mission-fab-forging-the-path-to-success-and-personal-riches-20180303t122131587z",
      "sbd_payout": "0.106 SBD",
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  "op_in_trx": 0,
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}
2018/03/07 11:25:21
comment authorwarjar
comment permlinkre-davesworld-hello-steemians-20180228t112522276z
curatordavesworld
reward4.084711 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #20465385/Virtual Operation #15
View Raw JSON Data
{
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  "op": [
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2018/03/06 21:37:39
authordavesworld
permlinkre-thefreshfive-the-fresh-five-for-feb-27th-new-steemians-you-should-get-to-know-20180227t213732116z
sbd payout0.047 SBD
steem payout0.000 STEEM
vesting payout30.636262 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #20448893/Virtual Operation #3
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "block": 20448893,
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      "sbd_payout": "0.047 SBD",
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2018/03/06 21:31:54
authordavesworld
permlinkre-hopehuggs-my-steem-super-stars-interview-with-sircork-part-2-20180227t213149250z
sbd payout0.112 SBD
steem payout0.000 STEEM
vesting payout67.399791 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #20448779/Virtual Operation #8
View Raw JSON Data
{
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  "op": [
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2018/03/04 22:33:36
authordavesworld
permlinkre-hopehuggs-20180225t213454727z-boosteredit-20180225t223331043z
sbd payout0.178 SBD
steem payout0.000 STEEM
vesting payout108.259286 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #20392448/Virtual Operation #132
View Raw JSON Data
{
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davesworldreceived 0.684 SBD, 0.256 SP author reward for @davesworld / hello-steemians
2018/03/04 21:11:09
authordavesworld
permlinkhello-steemians
sbd payout0.684 SBD
steem payout0.000 STEEM
vesting payout416.697377 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #20390799/Virtual Operation #41
View Raw JSON Data
{
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}
2018/03/04 11:46:00
authorhopehuggs
bodyI wasn't thinking of shopify ones this month, as have a plan in mind, but it is certainly something I will experiment with in the future.
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parent permlinkre-hopehuggs-mission-fab-forging-the-path-to-success-and-personal-riches-20180303t122131587z
permlinkre-davesworld-re-hopehuggs-mission-fab-forging-the-path-to-success-and-personal-riches-20180304t114600282z
title
Transaction InfoBlock #20379500/Trx 236f001370abc1cd6cce9d955b2768a238208b6c
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2018/03/04 11:43:57
authordavesworld
permlinkre-hopehuggs-mission-fab-forging-the-path-to-success-and-personal-riches-20180303t122131587z
voterhopehuggs
weight1300 (13.00%)
Transaction InfoBlock #20379459/Trx b72541aff1a5350f2a601adc4eac347bef7f89e0
View Raw JSON Data
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2018/03/04 07:37:57
authorhopehuggs
bodyThere are lots of ways to get to the steem dream, that is for sure.
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parent authordavesworld
parent permlinkre-hopehuggs-my-steem-super-stars-interview-with-sircork-part-2-20180227t213149250z
permlinkre-davesworld-re-hopehuggs-my-steem-super-stars-interview-with-sircork-part-2-20180304t073756349z
title
Transaction InfoBlock #20374540/Trx a4d2d9222817650625c6e0453750c849cd0dd367
View Raw JSON Data
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2018/03/04 07:37:33
authordavesworld
permlinkre-hopehuggs-my-steem-super-stars-interview-with-sircork-part-2-20180227t213149250z
voterhopehuggs
weight1000 (10.00%)
Transaction InfoBlock #20374532/Trx 3bd200d7a2b241519a62c4f85489505e5604658e
View Raw JSON Data
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2018/03/03 12:21:42
authordavesworld
bodyAnother good read @hopehuggs. If you are looking at diversifying income streams by flipping, may I suggest building and flipping Shopify sites? They are really hot at the moment and are easy to build and flip. Nice butterfly seperator by the way. Cheers! Dave
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parent permlinkmission-fab-forging-the-path-to-success-and-personal-riches
permlinkre-hopehuggs-mission-fab-forging-the-path-to-success-and-personal-riches-20180303t122131587z
title
Transaction InfoBlock #20351420/Trx 27a345d4479b37012c060b72ec3b57eef2a5e9f9
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      "body": "Another good read @hopehuggs. If you are looking at diversifying income streams by flipping, may I suggest building and flipping Shopify sites? They are really hot at the moment and are easy to build and flip.\nNice butterfly seperator by the way.\nCheers!\nDave",
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2018/03/03 12:16:39
authorhopehuggs
permlinkmission-fab-forging-the-path-to-success-and-personal-riches
voterdavesworld
weight10000 (100.00%)
Transaction InfoBlock #20351319/Trx 1d594893a1ed02b9491c71eb8715fce9bf9aadc9
View Raw JSON Data
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2018/03/03 12:13:39
authorjordan1219444
permlinkbe-careful-good-kama-has-a-phising-link-and-is-scamming-people-stealing-the-sbd-and-selling-it-1-day-old
voterdavesworld
weight10000 (100.00%)
Transaction InfoBlock #20351259/Trx 49571006380f04fbe1c7ec618e55adaedcd1bdf0
View Raw JSON Data
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2018/03/01 13:33:39
authorwarjar
permlinkre-davesworld-hello-steemians-20180228t112522276z
voterdavesworld
weight10000 (100.00%)
Transaction InfoBlock #20295288/Trx 720c32ed554c04ee4ff8c29cd54a397eb734902d
View Raw JSON Data
{
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2018/03/01 13:33:24
authordavesworld
bodyThanks @warjar. Glad to be here. Cheers! Dave
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      "body": "Thanks @warjar. Glad to be here.\nCheers!\nDave",
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2018/02/28 11:25:21
authorwarjar
bodyWelcome to Steemit!
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2018/02/28 11:25:09
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2018/02/28 01:26:39
authorthefreshfive
bodyThanks Dave! You're the best! I'm so glad we're helping a little bit!
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2018/02/28 01:25:39
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2018/02/28 00:52:15
authoraussieninja
bodyNew Steemian Dave! A pleasure to have you here! I'm increasing fitness levels and trying to increase mobility, flexibility and strength in certain movements. It's all designed to tackle obstacle courses at a fairly high level... so I need to be able to hold up my own weight for fairly long periods of time. Here is a link to the latest comp I did, it's a pretty good example of what I'm training for: https://steemit.com/unaa/@aussieninja/aixwui06 I might have been overtraining just now because I basically had the last 2 weeks off as I was on holidays, so I'm trying to get back into the groove. Thanks for your comment, I really appreciate it!
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2018/02/27 23:07:24
authordavesworld
bodyAww! Man. I was just getting into that and it ended. All it needed was the Eastenders drum beat (it's a UK thing). I feel cheated. But never mind! I followed you, so I can catch the next instalment. Cheers! Dave
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2018/02/27 23:04:54
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2018/02/27 23:04:42
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2018/02/27 22:53:24
authordavesworld
bodyInteresting. Are you increasing fitness levels in general, losing weight or gaining muscle mass? Interested to know as I have been into bodybuilding (natural) for over 30 yrs. Could you possibly be overtraining just now? Cheers! Dave
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2018/02/27 22:44:39
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2018/02/27 22:35:09
authordavesworld
body@@ -823,17 +823,16 @@ allure -%0A for thos
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2018/02/27 22:33:45
authordavesworld
body![Random1.png](https://steemitimages.com/DQmRytXXVcwUv3Xbnp4JAXWNRRDGZXThhfNrRfiqVNFHdMd/Random1.png) <br> <center> **There are many things to see and do in Scotland's capital city of Edinburgh**. </center> Tourists come from all over the world to see the famous Castle, visit the Museum and Art Gallery, the Royal Yacht Britannia, the statue of Greyfriars Bobby or the Scottish Parliament to name just a few of the city's many attracations. <br> <center> **However, Edinburgh has a dark and often ghoulish side to its past and many are attracted to that.**</center> There is the spectacularly spooky 'Mary King's Close' and haunted *Underground Vaults beneath Blair Street*, plus many other spine-tingling places of interest... **...but the story of Burke and Hare**, Edinburgh’s most infamous residents, also has an allure for those wanting to explore the gory topic of *body snatching or grave robbing*. <center>![Hare_and_Burke_drawing.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmNUcSmpVFxGM3v5yjuuPbAcqWceFex22UDbkCfaXpevyi/Hare_and_Burke_drawing.jpg)<br>Hare (left) and Burke (right)<br> Image public domain</center> *William Burke* and *William Hare* were Irish men who came to Scotland to work on the construction of the Union Canal. Burke had abandoned his wife and two children in Northern Ireland and moved in with a woman he had met in Edinburgh called *Helen McDougal*. Although they both came from Ireland, it is thought that neither Burke nor Hare had met each other before. Hare lived in the same street as Burke and Helen. He had moved in with a widow called *Maggie Laird* and together they ran a boarding house. In 1823, Parliament passed an act called the *Judgement of Death Act*. This saw the number of crimes that were punishable by death reduced dramatically. This was good news for those accused of crimes but it was bad news for the medidissecthools. You see, in those days, medical and anatomical schools were only legally allowed to dissect the bodies of those who had been condemned to death, this led to an extreme shortage of dead bodies available to disect for medical students. This led to the medical schools offering financial compensation for those able to get them fresh bodies and encouraged the more unscrupulous individuals who soon found a way around this shortage of bodies, leading to a wave of grave-robbing by those known as *resurrectionists*. Sadly, the instances of grave-robbing became so commonplace that relatives often had to resort to watching over the recently dug graves of their dearly departed. This led to watch towers being built in cemeteries across the country. <center>![353px-Graveyard_watchtower,_New_Calton_Burying_Ground,_Edinburgh.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmPhBQLuSiZSxoCe3oGzrxYNcdoaHB2DBJZjuPnmqZutNk/353px-Graveyard_watchtower%2C_New_Calton_Burying_Ground%2C_Edinburgh.jpg)<br> *A watchtower in Calton Graveyard in Edinburgh*<br>[Image courtesy of Kim Traynor Wikimedia](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Graveyard_watchtower,_New_Calton_Burying_Ground,_Edinburgh.jpg)</center> The ‘fresher’ the body, the more money the medical schools would pay for it. Therefore, it didn’t take long before the act of grave-robbing graduated to 'anatomy murder' – murder committed with the sole intention of providing the remains for medical research in exchange for financial reward. **This enterprise soon attracted the attention of Burke and Hare**. The pair’s first foray into the world of medical science happened in December 1827 when one of the tenants at Hare’s boarding house, an elderly man by the name of *Old Donald*, died of natural causes. The old man still owed some £4 in rent, so to cover this outstanding debt, the pair weighed his coffin down with wood before the funeral and took his body to the medical school at Edinburgh University. There they were sent to a Professor called *Robert Knox* who was an prominant anatomy lecturer. Knox paid the duo seven pounds and ten shillings for old Donald’s body. They had just made a clear and relatively easy profit. Spurred on by just how easy they had made this money, the pair struck again in early *1828* when another tenant of Hare's boarding house - a man called *Joseph* - became ill. However, this time they were too impatient to wait and see if Joseph would actually die from his afflictions. Perhaps he would recover. They didn't want to take that chance. Burke and Hare took it upon themselves to 'help' him to the afterlife. After plying Joseph with whisky, they suffocated him by covering his mouth and nose while they forcibly restrained him. This was to become their preferred method of murder as it left the body unmarked and undamaged for the medical students who would later dissect the cadavers. **In the aftermath of their killing spree, this practice become known as ‘Burking’**. With no more ill tenants, the pair decided to start luring their new victims to the lodging house. They were preying on Edinburgh’s poorest communities and seeking out those who were less likely to be missed or recognised. In total Burke and Hare are said to have murdered at least 16 people for between seven to ten pounds a body. However, the final tally is very likely to be a much higher. A local prostitute called *Janet Brown*, was lucky to escape with her life when she and her friend, *Mary Patterson*, were invited to stay at Burke's lodgings. Having excused herself earlier in the evening, Janet returned to find her friend missing. Hare told her that Mary and Burke had gone out for a walk. Janet waited for her friend to return but eventually decided to leave. It was a lucky escape because her friend Mary was lying dead in the next room being prepared to be taken to Knox at the medical school. It is very likely that she herself was to be the next victim. Encouraged by their success, Burke and Hare soon became too greedy and confident. No one in their sights was safe. An elderly grandmother was killed with an overdose of painkillers and Hare murdered her blind young grandson by breaking the boy’s back across his knee. Even a relative of Burke's mistress Helen McDougal - a woman called *Ann McDougal*, was murdered in cold blood. However, with their greed came carelessness. It all began to unravel when some of Prof Knox’s medical students were said to have recognised Mary Patterson and two other prostitutes murdered by Burke and Hare - a woman by the name of *Elizabeth Halden* and her daughter had made the mistake of calling at Hare's lodging house to enquire about her missing mother. **Daft Jamie** The gossip was further fueled when Burke and Hare brought in the body of a young handicapped man by the name of *James Wilson*. James was in his early 20's and was well known in the city as ‘Daft Jamie’. James was a street entertainer and was well know in the Surgeons Square are of the City where he would walk around in all weather barefoot and bareheaded. This, and his often erratic behaviour, probably led to the nickname of 'Daft Jamie'. Jamie was a well-known and popular character in the area. He never begged and his mother and sister did their best to care for him despite of his habit of roaming the streets. It was Jamie's presence within the community that made him a very poor choice of victim for Burke and Hare. It was said that Hare's 'wife', Margaret, "who had none of Burke's practical sense of a successful murder plan," selected Jamie as he was wandering in the Grassmarket are of the city one cold and wet October day looking for his mother. His peculiar way of walking and his shoeless feet made him stand out as a potential victim. However, when Burke and Hare had tried to 'Burke' James by plying him with whisky, James (who was tea-total) struggled firecely and so had to be killed violently by the pair. However, when Burke and Hare arrived at the medical school with the body, one of Professor Knox's colleagues, a *Doctor William Ferguson*, thought he recognized the corpse of the popular young man. Jamie's disappearance had been noticed in the community almost immediately. People had reported seeing his shirt and waistcoat on strangers and they feared the worse. Despite the growing concern, Prof Knox insisted that his newly acquired cadaver was not the body of James Wilson, but he quickly removed the head and deformed foot during the dissection of the body. **Murderous Deeds Eventually Discovered** Soon afterwards, Burke and Hare had an argument. Burke suspected that Hare and Margaret were doing deals with Prof Knox behind his back. Because of this, Burke and Helen began to take in their own lodgers. On Halloween night, 1828 Burke and Hare’s last victim, *Marjory Docherty*, was invited to stay with Burke and Helen. Burke had lied to her, telling her that she was a distant relation of his mother. Burke’s other lodgers - a couple called *James and Ann Gray* - were invited to stay the night at Hare’s boarding house that evening so that the planned murder could take place. On their return to Burke’s lodgings the following day, the Gray’s were told that Marjory had been asked to leave because she had become flirtatious with Burke. The Gray's then became suspicious when they were not allowed to enter the spare room where they had left their belongings. When they were finally left alone, they discovered Marjory’s dead body hidden under the bed. The couple challenged Helen over their discovery and she offered them a bribe of £10 a week if they would keep the discovery to themselves. The Gray’s refused and reported the murder to the Police. Word reached Burke and Hare before the Police arrived at the boarding house though, and Marjory’s body had been removed and taken to Knox. Burke and Helen, and later Hare and Margaret, were all arrested and gave conflicting accounts of what had taken place, with Burke and Hare each blaming the other. **Turning on each other** The Police investigation soon led them to Knox. James Gray identified the body found in his lecture hall as being Marjory. The murder was the lead story in the local newspaper and soon after reading about it, Janet Brown contacted the Police and identified other clothes found at Hare’s lodging house as belonging to her missing friend Mary Patterson. However, the Police had little hard evidence to prove the crimes had been committed and eventually the Lord Advocate, offered Hare immunity from prosecution if he testified against Burke and Helen, which he readily agreed to do! **Trial and prosecution of William Burke** The trial began on Christmas Eve in 1828. On Christmas Day, William Burke and Helen McDougal were charged with the murder of Marjory Docherty. Burke was also charged with the murder of Mary Patterson and James Wilson. However, the verdict against Helen McDougal's part in the murder of Marjory was returned as ‘not proven’ under Scottish Law and she was set free. Burke, however, was sentenced to death by hanging. <center>![Burke_and_McDougall_at_the_bar.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmWg7AAkHGWQokBkURdHkLjdQTFDkzJVL3kHepnywem7Vy/Burke_and_McDougall_at_the_bar.jpg)<br>Artist drawing of Burke and McDougal on trial<br> Public domain image</center> *On the 28th of January 1829*, William Burke was hanged at Lawnmarket in Edinburgh in front of "a boisterous, cheering crowd" of over 25,000 people. His body was then put on public display, and then, in perfect irony, his body was donated to medical science. It is said that a number of anatomy students took ghoulish souvenirs of his skin, some using it to bind or cover books. Burke’s skeleton is still on display at Surgeon’s Hall in Edinburgh next to his death mask and the life mask of Hare’s face. Despite clearly being involved in the murders, Hare was released in February 1829 and went to live across the border in England. No one knows for sure what became of Hare, but it has been rumoured that he was thrown into a lime quarry by an angry mob and lived out his days as a blind beggar on the streets of London. <center>![Execution_of_William_Burke_Public_Domain.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmVcbGrakyKab78uVHymVTACicWESMgBzBcwstFDEBjAdc/Execution_of_William_Burke_Public_Domain.jpg) Public doman image</center> Both Helen and Margaret also fled Edinburgh, with Helen said to have emigrated to Australia and Margaret to Ireland. Despite huge public outrage, Knox was also cleared of his involvement in the murders as Burke claimed he had no idea where the bodies had come from. However, with his reputation ruined, Knox moved to London to try to continue his career in medicine. During my research for this article on Burke and Hare, I discovered that there were similar murders committed in the Bethnal Green area of London two years later in 1831, and that those were referred to as the *'London Burkers'*, so the infamy of Burke and Hare had travelled far and wide even back then. The Burke and Hare murders and the subsequent London Burkers murders led to the *Anatomy Act 1832* which allowed doctors, anatomy lecturers, and medical students greater access to bodies for medical research purposes and also allowed for the legal donation of bodies to medical science. This ended the illegal body-snatching trade. When I was in Edinburgh last year, I happened across a graveyard that was apparently one of the areas that Burke and Hare carried out their ghoulish trade. I understand that there are guided, walking tours which take groups around the old town areas where Burke and Hare lived and carried out the murders. I think I will have a look at that sometime soon. I also understand that **Burke's skeleton is still on display at the University Medical School** although I'm not sure if the public can still go in and view it though. The public were allowed in one day per month but recently the Medical School placed all its artifacts online and they can be viewed using an interactive app. You can find more details of it here on the Edinburgh University website. https://www.ed.ac.uk/medicine-vet-medicine/about/history/burke-and-hare **The walking tours of Edinburgh also take in *Mary Kings Close* and the infamous story of *Deacon Brodie*.** Brodie is thought to have been the true life inspiration for *Robert Louis Stevenson's* classic novel, *'Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde'.* Mary King's Close is situated under the Royal Mile and well worth a visit. It is renowned for its history of the dreaded medieval plague and the "many spirits who are said to be trapped for eternity" in the undergound streets and alleyways, directly below the streets we walk on today. If you are ever in Edinburgh I would highly recommend you have a look. If people have found this story interesting, I will write the story of Deacon Brodie and also more about *Mary Kings Close* and the haunted *Underground Vaults* in the future. Cheers! Dave ![DWglobeSep.png](https://steemitimages.com/DQmWzhXsfA5xr4wRe98s75Bfvq3txSzxwuCYSDDC7KQ8ya1/DWglobeSep.png)
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titleMurder for Profit in the name of Medical Science. The story of Edinburgh's infamous Body Snatchers Burke and Hare
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      "body": "![Random1.png](https://steemitimages.com/DQmRytXXVcwUv3Xbnp4JAXWNRRDGZXThhfNrRfiqVNFHdMd/Random1.png)\n<br>\n<center> **There are many things to see and do in Scotland's capital city of Edinburgh**. </center> \nTourists come from all over the world to see the famous Castle, visit the Museum and Art Gallery, the Royal Yacht Britannia, the statue of Greyfriars Bobby or the Scottish Parliament to name just a few of the city's many attracations.\n<br>\n\n<center> **However, Edinburgh has a dark and often ghoulish side to its past \nand many are attracted to that.**</center>\n\nThere is the spectacularly spooky 'Mary King's Close' and haunted *Underground Vaults beneath Blair Street*, plus many other spine-tingling places of interest...\n\n**...but the story of Burke and Hare**, Edinburgh’s most infamous residents, also has an allure \nfor those wanting to explore the gory topic of *body snatching or grave robbing*.\n\n<center>![Hare_and_Burke_drawing.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmNUcSmpVFxGM3v5yjuuPbAcqWceFex22UDbkCfaXpevyi/Hare_and_Burke_drawing.jpg)<br>Hare (left) and Burke (right)<br> Image public domain</center>\n\n*William Burke* and *William Hare* were Irish men who came to Scotland to work on the construction of the Union Canal. Burke had abandoned his wife and two children in Northern Ireland and moved in with a woman he had met in Edinburgh called *Helen McDougal*. \n\nAlthough they both came from Ireland, it is thought that neither Burke nor Hare had met each other before. Hare lived in the same street as Burke and Helen. He had moved in with a widow called *Maggie Laird* and together they ran a boarding house.\n\nIn 1823, Parliament passed an act called the *Judgement of Death Act*. This saw the number of crimes that were punishable by death reduced dramatically. This was good news for those accused of crimes but it was bad news for the medidissecthools.\n\nYou see, in those days, medical and anatomical schools were only legally allowed to dissect the bodies of those who had been condemned to death, this led to an extreme shortage of dead bodies available to disect for medical students.\nThis led to the medical schools offering financial compensation for those able to get them fresh bodies and encouraged the more unscrupulous individuals who soon found a way around this shortage of bodies, leading to a wave of grave-robbing by those known as *resurrectionists*.\n\nSadly, the instances of grave-robbing became so commonplace that relatives often had to resort to watching over the recently dug graves of their dearly departed. This led to watch towers being built in cemeteries across the country. \n\n<center>![353px-Graveyard_watchtower,_New_Calton_Burying_Ground,_Edinburgh.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmPhBQLuSiZSxoCe3oGzrxYNcdoaHB2DBJZjuPnmqZutNk/353px-Graveyard_watchtower%2C_New_Calton_Burying_Ground%2C_Edinburgh.jpg)<br>\n*A watchtower in Calton Graveyard in Edinburgh*<br>[Image courtesy of Kim Traynor Wikimedia](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Graveyard_watchtower,_New_Calton_Burying_Ground,_Edinburgh.jpg)</center>\n\nThe ‘fresher’ the body, the more money the medical schools would pay for it. Therefore, it didn’t take long before the act of grave-robbing graduated to 'anatomy murder' – murder committed with the sole intention of providing the remains for medical research in exchange for financial reward. \n\n**This enterprise soon attracted the attention of Burke and Hare**. \n\nThe pair’s first foray into the world of medical science happened in December 1827 when one of the tenants at Hare’s boarding house, an elderly man by the name of *Old Donald*, died of natural causes. The old man still owed some £4 in rent, so to cover this outstanding debt, the pair weighed his coffin down with wood before the funeral and took his body to the medical school at Edinburgh University. \n\nThere they were sent to a Professor called *Robert Knox* who was an prominant anatomy lecturer. Knox paid the duo seven pounds and ten shillings for old Donald’s body. They had just made a clear and relatively easy profit.\n\nSpurred on by just how easy they had made this money, the pair struck again in early *1828* when another tenant of Hare's boarding house - a man called *Joseph* - became ill. \nHowever, this time they were too impatient to wait and see if Joseph would actually die from his afflictions. Perhaps he would recover. \n\nThey didn't want to take that chance. Burke and Hare took it upon themselves to 'help' him to the afterlife. After plying Joseph with whisky, they suffocated him by covering his mouth and nose while they forcibly restrained him. This was to become their preferred method of murder as it left the body unmarked and undamaged for the medical students who would later dissect the cadavers. \n\n**In the aftermath of their killing spree, this practice become known as ‘Burking’**.\n\nWith no more ill tenants, the pair decided to start luring their new victims to the lodging house. They were preying on Edinburgh’s poorest communities and seeking out those who were less likely to be missed or recognised. \nIn total Burke and Hare are said to have murdered at least 16 people for between seven to ten pounds a body. However, the final tally is very likely to be a much higher.\n\nA local prostitute called *Janet Brown*, was lucky to escape with her life when she and her friend, *Mary Patterson*, were invited to stay at Burke's lodgings. Having excused herself earlier in the evening, Janet returned to find her friend missing. Hare told her that Mary and Burke had gone out for a walk. Janet waited for her friend to return but eventually decided to leave. \n\nIt was a lucky escape because her friend Mary was lying dead in the next room being prepared to be taken to Knox at the medical school. It is very likely that she herself was to be the next victim.\n\nEncouraged by their success, Burke and Hare soon became too greedy and confident. No one in their sights was safe. \nAn elderly grandmother was killed with an overdose of painkillers and Hare murdered her blind young grandson by breaking the boy’s back across his knee. Even a relative of Burke's mistress Helen McDougal - a woman called *Ann McDougal*, was murdered in cold blood. However, with their greed came carelessness.\n\nIt all began to unravel when some of Prof Knox’s medical students were said to have recognised Mary Patterson and two other prostitutes murdered by Burke and Hare - a woman by the name of *Elizabeth Halden* and her daughter had made the mistake of calling at Hare's lodging house to enquire about her missing mother. \n\n**Daft Jamie**\n\nThe gossip was further fueled when Burke and Hare brought in the body of a young handicapped man by the name of *James Wilson*. James was in his early 20's and was well known in the city as ‘Daft Jamie’.\n\nJames was a street entertainer and was well know in the Surgeons Square are of the City where he would walk around in all weather barefoot and bareheaded. This, and his often erratic behaviour, probably led to the nickname of 'Daft Jamie'. \n\nJamie was a well-known and popular character in the area. He never begged and his mother and sister did their best to care for him despite of his habit of roaming the streets. It was Jamie's presence within the community that made him a very poor choice of victim for Burke and Hare. \n\nIt was said that Hare's 'wife', Margaret, \"who had none of Burke's practical sense of a successful murder plan,\" selected Jamie as he was wandering in the Grassmarket are of the city one cold and wet October day looking for his mother. His peculiar way of walking and his shoeless feet made him stand out as a potential victim.\n\nHowever, when Burke and Hare had tried to 'Burke' James by plying him with whisky, James (who was tea-total) struggled firecely and so had to be killed violently by the pair. However, when Burke and Hare arrived at the medical school with the body, one of Professor Knox's colleagues, a *Doctor William Ferguson*, thought he recognized the corpse of the popular young man. \n\nJamie's disappearance had been noticed in the community almost immediately. People had reported seeing his shirt and waistcoat on strangers and they feared the worse. \nDespite the growing concern, Prof Knox insisted that his newly acquired cadaver was not the body of James Wilson, but he quickly removed the head and deformed foot during the dissection of the body.\n\n**Murderous Deeds Eventually Discovered**\n\nSoon afterwards, Burke and Hare had an argument. Burke suspected that Hare and Margaret were doing deals with Prof Knox behind his back. Because of this, Burke and Helen began to take in their own lodgers.\n\nOn Halloween night, 1828 Burke and Hare’s last victim, *Marjory Docherty*, was invited to stay with Burke and Helen. Burke had lied to her, telling her that she was a distant relation of his mother. Burke’s other lodgers - a couple called *James and Ann Gray* - were invited to stay the night at Hare’s boarding house that evening so that the planned murder could take place.\n\nOn their return to Burke’s lodgings the following day, the Gray’s were told that Marjory had been asked to leave because she had become flirtatious with Burke. The Gray's then became suspicious when they were not allowed to enter the spare room where they had left their belongings. \n\nWhen they were finally left alone, they discovered Marjory’s dead body hidden under the bed. The couple challenged Helen over their discovery and she offered them a bribe of £10 a week if they would keep the discovery to themselves. The Gray’s refused and reported the murder to the Police. \n\nWord reached Burke and Hare before the Police arrived at the boarding house though, and Marjory’s body had been removed and taken to Knox. Burke and Helen, and later Hare and Margaret, were all arrested and gave conflicting accounts of what had taken place, with Burke and Hare each blaming the other.\n\n**Turning on each other**\n\nThe Police investigation soon led them to Knox. James Gray identified the body found in his lecture hall as being Marjory. The murder was the lead story in the local newspaper and soon after reading about it, Janet Brown contacted the Police and identified other clothes found at Hare’s lodging house as belonging to her missing friend Mary Patterson. \n\nHowever, the Police had little hard evidence to prove the crimes had been committed and eventually the Lord Advocate, offered Hare immunity from prosecution if he testified against Burke and Helen, which he readily agreed to do!\n\n**Trial and prosecution of William Burke**\n\nThe trial began on Christmas Eve in 1828. On Christmas Day, William Burke and Helen McDougal were charged with the murder of Marjory Docherty. Burke was also charged with the murder of Mary Patterson and James Wilson. However, the verdict against Helen McDougal's part in the murder of Marjory was returned as ‘not proven’ under Scottish Law and she was set free. Burke, however, was sentenced to death by hanging.\n\n<center>![Burke_and_McDougall_at_the_bar.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmWg7AAkHGWQokBkURdHkLjdQTFDkzJVL3kHepnywem7Vy/Burke_and_McDougall_at_the_bar.jpg)<br>Artist drawing of Burke and McDougal on trial<br> Public domain image</center>\n\n*On the 28th of January 1829*, William Burke was hanged at Lawnmarket in Edinburgh in front of \"a boisterous, cheering crowd\" of over 25,000 people. His body was then put on public display, and then, in perfect irony, his body was donated to medical science.\n\nIt is said that a number of anatomy students took ghoulish souvenirs of his skin, some using it to bind or cover books. \n\nBurke’s skeleton is still on display at Surgeon’s Hall in Edinburgh next to his death mask and the life mask of Hare’s face.\nDespite clearly being involved in the murders, Hare was released in February 1829 and went to live across the border in England. No one knows for sure what became of Hare, but it has been rumoured that he was thrown into a lime quarry by an angry mob and lived out his days as a blind beggar on the streets of London.\n\n<center>![Execution_of_William_Burke_Public_Domain.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmVcbGrakyKab78uVHymVTACicWESMgBzBcwstFDEBjAdc/Execution_of_William_Burke_Public_Domain.jpg)\nPublic doman image</center> \n\nBoth Helen and Margaret also fled Edinburgh, with Helen said to have emigrated to Australia and Margaret to Ireland.\nDespite huge public outrage, Knox was also cleared of his involvement in the murders as Burke claimed he had no idea where the bodies had come from. However, with his reputation ruined, Knox moved to London to try to continue his career in medicine.\n\nDuring my research for this article on Burke and Hare, I discovered that there were similar murders committed in the Bethnal Green area of London two years later in 1831, and that those were referred to as the *'London Burkers'*, so the infamy of Burke and Hare had travelled far and wide even back then.\n\nThe Burke and Hare murders and the subsequent London Burkers murders led to the *Anatomy Act 1832* which allowed doctors, anatomy lecturers, and medical students greater access to bodies for medical research purposes and also allowed for the legal donation of bodies to medical science. This ended the illegal body-snatching trade.\n\nWhen I was in Edinburgh last year, I happened across a graveyard that was apparently one of the areas that Burke and Hare carried out their ghoulish trade. I understand that there are guided, walking tours which take groups around the old town areas where Burke and Hare lived and carried out the murders. I think I will have a look at that sometime soon. \n\nI also understand that **Burke's skeleton is still on display at the University Medical School** although I'm not sure if the public can still go in and view it though. The public were allowed in one day per month but recently the Medical School placed all its artifacts online and they can be viewed using an interactive app.\n\nYou can find more details of it here on the Edinburgh University website.   \n\n https://www.ed.ac.uk/medicine-vet-medicine/about/history/burke-and-hare\n\n**The walking tours of Edinburgh also take in *Mary Kings Close* and the infamous story of *Deacon Brodie*.** \n\nBrodie is thought to have been the true life inspiration for *Robert Louis Stevenson's* classic novel, *'Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde'.*\n\nMary King's Close is situated under the Royal Mile and well worth a visit. It is renowned for its history of the dreaded medieval plague and the \"many spirits who are said to be trapped for eternity\" in the undergound streets and alleyways, directly below the streets we walk on today. If you are ever in Edinburgh I would highly recommend you have a look.\n\nIf people have found this story interesting, I will write the story of Deacon Brodie and also more about *Mary Kings Close* and the haunted *Underground Vaults* in the future.\n\nCheers!\nDave\n\n\n![DWglobeSep.png](https://steemitimages.com/DQmWzhXsfA5xr4wRe98s75Bfvq3txSzxwuCYSDDC7KQ8ya1/DWglobeSep.png)",
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2018/02/27 22:25:09
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bodyThis post has a lot going for it. Humour, sarcasm and dry wit. I like those attributes a lot. It seems to have been worth your while too. Nice one. Cheers! Dave
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2018/02/27 22:21:06
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2018/02/27 21:51:42
authordavesworld
bodyHi there. Great offer. Thanks Dave https://steemit.com/story/@davesworld/murder-for-profit-in-the-name-of-medial-science-the-story-of-edinburgh-s-infamous-body-snatchers-burke-and-hare
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2018/02/27 21:49:54
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2018/02/27 21:37:39
authordavesworld
bodyThis is great for new members like myself. It really helps to make you feel wanted and part of it all. Great work @thefreshfive. Cheers! Dave
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2018/02/27 21:32:54
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2018/02/27 21:31:54
authordavesworld
bodyHi @hopehuggs. Another useful insight into how to approach Steemit as a newbie, seen from the perspective of a senior member. Very interesting. Thanks Dave
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      "body": "Hi @hopehuggs. Another useful insight into how to approach Steemit as a newbie, seen from the perspective of a senior member. Very interesting.\nThanks\nDave",
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2018/02/27 21:28:27
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2018/02/27 16:41:51
authorcheetah
bodyHi! I am a robot. I just upvoted you! I found similar content that readers might be interested in: http://www.historic-uk.com/HistoryUK/HistoryofScotland/Burke-Hare-infamous-murderers-graverobbers/
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2018/02/27 16:41:48
authordavesworld
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2018/02/27 16:41:39
authordavesworld
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2018/02/27 16:41:21
authordavesworld
body![Random1.png](https://steemitimages.com/DQmRytXXVcwUv3Xbnp4JAXWNRRDGZXThhfNrRfiqVNFHdMd/Random1.png) <br> <center> **There are many things to see and do in Scotland's capital city of Edinburgh**. </center> Tourists come from all over the world to see the famous Castle, visit the Museum and Art Gallery, the Royal Yacht Britannia, the statue of Greyfriars Bobby or the Scottish Parliament to name just a few of the city's many attracations. <br> <center> **However, Edinburgh has a dark and often ghoulish side to its past and many are attracted to that.**</center> There is the spectacularly spooky 'Mary King's Close' and haunted *Underground Vaults beneath Blair Street*, plus many other spine-tingling places of interest... **...but the story of Burke and Hare**, Edinburgh’s most infamous residents, also has an allure for those wanting to explore the gory topic of *body snatching or grave robbing*. <center>![Hare_and_Burke_drawing.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmNUcSmpVFxGM3v5yjuuPbAcqWceFex22UDbkCfaXpevyi/Hare_and_Burke_drawing.jpg)<br>Hare (left) and Burke (right)<br> Image public domain</center> *William Burke* and *William Hare* were Irish men who came to Scotland to work on the construction of the Union Canal. Burke had abandoned his wife and two children in Northern Ireland and moved in with a woman he had met in Edinburgh called *Helen McDougal*. Although they both came from Ireland, it is thought that neither Burke nor Hare had met each other before. Hare lived in the same street as Burke and Helen. He had moved in with a widow called *Maggie Laird* and together they ran a boarding house. In 1823, Parliament passed an act called the *Judgement of Death Act*. This saw the number of crimes that were punishable by death reduced dramatically. This was good news for those accused of crimes but it was bad news for the medidissecthools. You see, in those days, medical and anatomical schools were only legally allowed to dissect the bodies of those who had been condemned to death, this led to an extreme shortage of dead bodies available to disect for medical students. This led to the medical schools offering financial compensation for those able to get them fresh bodies and encouraged the more unscrupulous individuals who soon found a way around this shortage of bodies, leading to a wave of grave-robbing by those known as *resurrectionists*. Sadly, the instances of grave-robbing became so commonplace that relatives often had to resort to watching over the recently dug graves of their dearly departed. This led to watch towers being built in cemeteries across the country. <center>![353px-Graveyard_watchtower,_New_Calton_Burying_Ground,_Edinburgh.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmPhBQLuSiZSxoCe3oGzrxYNcdoaHB2DBJZjuPnmqZutNk/353px-Graveyard_watchtower%2C_New_Calton_Burying_Ground%2C_Edinburgh.jpg)<br> *A watchtower in Calton Graveyard in Edinburgh*<br>[Image courtesy of Kim Traynor Wikimedia](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Graveyard_watchtower,_New_Calton_Burying_Ground,_Edinburgh.jpg)</center> The ‘fresher’ the body, the more money the medical schools would pay for it. Therefore, it didn’t take long before the act of grave-robbing graduated to 'anatomy murder' – murder committed with the sole intention of providing the remains for medical research in exchange for financial reward. **This enterprise soon attracted the attention of Burke and Hare**. The pair’s first foray into the world of medical science happened in December 1827 when one of the tenants at Hare’s boarding house, an elderly man by the name of *Old Donald*, died of natural causes. The old man still owed some £4 in rent, so to cover this outstanding debt, the pair weighed his coffin down with wood before the funeral and took his body to the medical school at Edinburgh University. There they were sent to a Professor called *Robert Knox* who was an prominant anatomy lecturer. Knox paid the duo seven pounds and ten shillings for old Donald’s body. They had just made a clear and relatively easy profit. Spurred on by just how easy they had made this money, the pair struck again in early *1828* when another tenant of Hare's boarding house - a man called *Joseph* - became ill. However, this time they were too impatient to wait and see if Joseph would actually die from his afflictions. Perhaps he would recover. They didn't want to take that chance. Burke and Hare took it upon themselves to 'help' him to the afterlife. After plying Joseph with whisky, they suffocated him by covering his mouth and nose while they forcibly restrained him. This was to become their preferred method of murder as it left the body unmarked and undamaged for the medical students who would later dissect the cadavers. **In the aftermath of their killing spree, this practice become known as ‘Burking’**. With no more ill tenants, the pair decided to start luring their new victims to the lodging house. They were preying on Edinburgh’s poorest communities and seeking out those who were less likely to be missed or recognised. In total Burke and Hare are said to have murdered at least 16 people for between seven to ten pounds a body. However, the final tally is very likely to be a much higher. A local prostitute called *Janet Brown*, was lucky to escape with her life when she and her friend, *Mary Patterson*, were invited to stay at Burke's lodgings. Having excused herself earlier in the evening, Janet returned to find her friend missing. Hare told her that Mary and Burke had gone out for a walk. Janet waited for her friend to return but eventually decided to leave. It was a lucky escape because her friend Mary was lying dead in the next room being prepared to be taken to Knox at the medical school. It is very likely that she herself was to be the next victim. Encouraged by their success, Burke and Hare soon became too greedy and confident. No one in their sights was safe. An elderly grandmother was killed with an overdose of painkillers and Hare murdered her blind young grandson by breaking the boy’s back across his knee. Even a relative of Burke's mistress Helen McDougal - a woman called *Ann McDougal*, was murdered in cold blood. However, with their greed came carelessness. It all began to unravel when some of Prof Knox’s medical students were said to have recognised Mary Patterson and two other prostitutes murdered by Burke and Hare - a woman by the name of *Elizabeth Halden* and her daughter had made the mistake of calling at Hare's lodging house to enquire about her missing mother. **Daft Jamie** The gossip was further fueled when Burke and Hare brought in the body of a young handicapped man by the name of *James Wilson*. James was in his early 20's and was well known in the city as ‘Daft Jamie’. James was a street entertainer and was well know in the Surgeons Square are of the City where he would walk around in all weather barefoot and bareheaded. This, and his often erratic behaviour, probably led to the nickname of 'Daft Jamie'. Jamie was a well-known and popular character in the area. He never begged and his mother and sister did their best to care for him despite of his habit of roaming the streets. It was Jamie's presence within the community that made him a very poor choice of victim for Burke and Hare. It was said that Hare's 'wife', Margaret, "who had none of Burke's practical sense of a successful murder plan," selected Jamie as he was wandering in the Grassmarket are of the city one cold and wet October day looking for his mother. His peculiar way of walking and his shoeless feet made him stand out as a potential victim. However, when Burke and Hare had tried to 'Burke' James by plying him with whisky, James (who was tea-total) struggled firecely and so had to be killed violently by the pair. However, when Burke and Hare arrived at the medical school with the body, one of Professor Knox's colleagues, a *Doctor William Ferguson*, thought he recognized the corpse of the popular young man. Jamie's disappearance had been noticed in the community almost immediately. People had reported seeing his shirt and waistcoat on strangers and they feared the worse. Despite the growing concern, Prof Knox insisted that his newly acquired cadaver was not the body of James Wilson, but he quickly removed the head and deformed foot during the dissection of the body. **Murderous Deeds Eventually Discovered** Soon afterwards, Burke and Hare had an argument. Burke suspected that Hare and Margaret were doing deals with Prof Knox behind his back. Because of this, Burke and Helen began to take in their own lodgers. On Halloween night, 1828 Burke and Hare’s last victim, *Marjory Docherty*, was invited to stay with Burke and Helen. Burke had lied to her, telling her that she was a distant relation of his mother. Burke’s other lodgers - a couple called *James and Ann Gray* - were invited to stay the night at Hare’s boarding house that evening so that the planned murder could take place. On their return to Burke’s lodgings the following day, the Gray’s were told that Marjory had been asked to leave because she had become flirtatious with Burke. The Gray's then became suspicious when they were not allowed to enter the spare room where they had left their belongings. When they were finally left alone, they discovered Marjory’s dead body hidden under the bed. The couple challenged Helen over their discovery and she offered them a bribe of £10 a week if they would keep the discovery to themselves. The Gray’s refused and reported the murder to the Police. Word reached Burke and Hare before the Police arrived at the boarding house though, and Marjory’s body had been removed and taken to Knox. Burke and Helen, and later Hare and Margaret, were all arrested and gave conflicting accounts of what had taken place, with Burke and Hare each blaming the other. **Turning on each other** The Police investigation soon led them to Knox. James Gray identified the body found in his lecture hall as being Marjory. The murder was the lead story in the local newspaper and soon after reading about it, Janet Brown contacted the Police and identified other clothes found at Hare’s lodging house as belonging to her missing friend Mary Patterson. However, the Police had little hard evidence to prove the crimes had been committed and eventually the Lord Advocate, offered Hare immunity from prosecution if he testified against Burke and Helen, which he readily agreed to do! **Trial and prosecution of William Burke** The trial began on Christmas Eve in 1828. On Christmas Day, William Burke and Helen McDougal were charged with the murder of Marjory Docherty. Burke was also charged with the murder of Mary Patterson and James Wilson. However, the verdict against Helen McDougal's part in the murder of Marjory was returned as ‘not proven’ under Scottish Law and she was set free. Burke, however, was sentenced to death by hanging. <center>![Burke_and_McDougall_at_the_bar.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmWg7AAkHGWQokBkURdHkLjdQTFDkzJVL3kHepnywem7Vy/Burke_and_McDougall_at_the_bar.jpg)<br>Artist drawing of Burke and McDougal on trial<br> Public domain image</center> *On the 28th of January 1829*, William Burke was hanged at Lawnmarket in Edinburgh in front of "a boisterous, cheering crowd" of over 25,000 people. His body was then put on public display, and then, in perfect irony, his body was donated to medical science. It is said that a number of anatomy students took ghoulish souvenirs of his skin, some using it to bind or cover books. Burke’s skeleton is still on display at Surgeon’s Hall in Edinburgh next to his death mask and the life mask of Hare’s face. Despite clearly being involved in the murders, Hare was released in February 1829 and went to live across the border in England. No one knows for sure what became of Hare, but it has been rumoured that he was thrown into a lime quarry by an angry mob and lived out his days as a blind beggar on the streets of London. <center>![Execution_of_William_Burke_Public_Domain.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmVcbGrakyKab78uVHymVTACicWESMgBzBcwstFDEBjAdc/Execution_of_William_Burke_Public_Domain.jpg) Public doman image</center> Both Helen and Margaret also fled Edinburgh, with Helen said to have emigrated to Australia and Margaret to Ireland. Despite huge public outrage, Knox was also cleared of his involvement in the murders as Burke claimed he had no idea where the bodies had come from. However, with his reputation ruined, Knox moved to London to try to continue his career in medicine. During my research for this article on Burke and Hare, I discovered that there were similar murders committed in the Bethnal Green area of London two years later in 1831, and that those were referred to as the *'London Burkers'*, so the infamy of Burke and Hare had travelled far and wide even back then. The Burke and Hare murders and the subsequent London Burkers murders led to the *Anatomy Act 1832* which allowed doctors, anatomy lecturers, and medical students greater access to bodies for medical research purposes and also allowed for the legal donation of bodies to medical science. This ended the illegal body-snatching trade. When I was in Edinburgh last year, I happened across a graveyard that was apparently one of the areas that Burke and Hare carried out their ghoulish trade. I understand that there are guided, walking tours which take groups around the old town areas where Burke and Hare lived and carried out the murders. I think I will have a look at that sometime soon. I also understand that **Burke's skeleton is still on display at the University Medical School** although I'm not sure if the public can still go in and view it though. The public were allowed in one day per month but recently the Medical School placed all its artifacts online and they can be viewed using an interactive app. You can find more details of it here on the Edinburgh University website. https://www.ed.ac.uk/medicine-vet-medicine/about/history/burke-and-hare **The walking tours of Edinburgh also take in *Mary Kings Close* and the infamous story of *Deacon Brodie*.** Brodie is thought to have been the true life inspiration for *Robert Louis Stevenson's* classic novel, *'Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde'.* Mary King's Close is situated under the Royal Mile and well worth a visit. It is renowned for its history of the dreaded medieval plague and the "many spirits who are said to be trapped for eternity" in the undergound streets and alleyways, directly below the streets we walk on today. If you are ever in Edinburgh I would highly recommend you have a look. If people have found this story interesting, I will write the story of Deacon Brodie and also more about *Mary Kings Close* and the haunted *Underground Vaults* in the future. Cheers! Dave ![DWglobeSep.png](https://steemitimages.com/DQmWzhXsfA5xr4wRe98s75Bfvq3txSzxwuCYSDDC7KQ8ya1/DWglobeSep.png)
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titleMurder for profit in the name of Medial Science. The story of Edinburgh's infamous Body Snatchers Burke and Hare
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      "body": "![Random1.png](https://steemitimages.com/DQmRytXXVcwUv3Xbnp4JAXWNRRDGZXThhfNrRfiqVNFHdMd/Random1.png)\n<br>\n<center> **There are many things to see and do in Scotland's capital city of Edinburgh**. </center> \nTourists come from all over the world to see the famous Castle, visit the Museum and Art Gallery, the Royal Yacht Britannia, the statue of Greyfriars Bobby or the Scottish Parliament to name just a few of the city's many attracations.\n<br>\n\n<center> **However, Edinburgh has a dark and often ghoulish side to its past \nand many are attracted to that.**</center>\n\nThere is the spectacularly spooky 'Mary King's Close' and haunted *Underground Vaults beneath Blair Street*, plus many other spine-tingling places of interest...\n\n**...but the story of Burke and Hare**, Edinburgh’s most infamous residents, also has an allure \nfor those wanting to explore the gory topic of *body snatching or grave robbing*.\n\n<center>![Hare_and_Burke_drawing.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmNUcSmpVFxGM3v5yjuuPbAcqWceFex22UDbkCfaXpevyi/Hare_and_Burke_drawing.jpg)<br>Hare (left) and Burke (right)<br> Image public domain</center>\n\n*William Burke* and *William Hare* were Irish men who came to Scotland to work on the construction of the Union Canal. Burke had abandoned his wife and two children in Northern Ireland and moved in with a woman he had met in Edinburgh called *Helen McDougal*. \n\nAlthough they both came from Ireland, it is thought that neither Burke nor Hare had met each other before. Hare lived in the same street as Burke and Helen. He had moved in with a widow called *Maggie Laird* and together they ran a boarding house.\n\nIn 1823, Parliament passed an act called the *Judgement of Death Act*. This saw the number of crimes that were punishable by death reduced dramatically. This was good news for those accused of crimes but it was bad news for the medidissecthools.\n\nYou see, in those days, medical and anatomical schools were only legally allowed to dissect the bodies of those who had been condemned to death, this led to an extreme shortage of dead bodies available to disect for medical students.\nThis led to the medical schools offering financial compensation for those able to get them fresh bodies and encouraged the more unscrupulous individuals who soon found a way around this shortage of bodies, leading to a wave of grave-robbing by those known as *resurrectionists*.\n\nSadly, the instances of grave-robbing became so commonplace that relatives often had to resort to watching over the recently dug graves of their dearly departed. This led to watch towers being built in cemeteries across the country. \n\n<center>![353px-Graveyard_watchtower,_New_Calton_Burying_Ground,_Edinburgh.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmPhBQLuSiZSxoCe3oGzrxYNcdoaHB2DBJZjuPnmqZutNk/353px-Graveyard_watchtower%2C_New_Calton_Burying_Ground%2C_Edinburgh.jpg)<br>\n*A watchtower in Calton Graveyard in Edinburgh*<br>[Image courtesy of Kim Traynor Wikimedia](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Graveyard_watchtower,_New_Calton_Burying_Ground,_Edinburgh.jpg)</center>\n\nThe ‘fresher’ the body, the more money the medical schools would pay for it. Therefore, it didn’t take long before the act of grave-robbing graduated to 'anatomy murder' – murder committed with the sole intention of providing the remains for medical research in exchange for financial reward. \n\n**This enterprise soon attracted the attention of Burke and Hare**. \n\nThe pair’s first foray into the world of medical science happened in December 1827 when one of the tenants at Hare’s boarding house, an elderly man by the name of *Old Donald*, died of natural causes. The old man still owed some £4 in rent, so to cover this outstanding debt, the pair weighed his coffin down with wood before the funeral and took his body to the medical school at Edinburgh University. \n\nThere they were sent to a Professor called *Robert Knox* who was an prominant anatomy lecturer. Knox paid the duo seven pounds and ten shillings for old Donald’s body. They had just made a clear and relatively easy profit.\n\nSpurred on by just how easy they had made this money, the pair struck again in early *1828* when another tenant of Hare's boarding house - a man called *Joseph* - became ill. \nHowever, this time they were too impatient to wait and see if Joseph would actually die from his afflictions. Perhaps he would recover. \n\nThey didn't want to take that chance. Burke and Hare took it upon themselves to 'help' him to the afterlife. After plying Joseph with whisky, they suffocated him by covering his mouth and nose while they forcibly restrained him. This was to become their preferred method of murder as it left the body unmarked and undamaged for the medical students who would later dissect the cadavers. \n\n**In the aftermath of their killing spree, this practice become known as ‘Burking’**.\n\nWith no more ill tenants, the pair decided to start luring their new victims to the lodging house. They were preying on Edinburgh’s poorest communities and seeking out those who were less likely to be missed or recognised. \nIn total Burke and Hare are said to have murdered at least 16 people for between seven to ten pounds a body. However, the final tally is very likely to be a much higher.\n\nA local prostitute called *Janet Brown*, was lucky to escape with her life when she and her friend, *Mary Patterson*, were invited to stay at Burke's lodgings. Having excused herself earlier in the evening, Janet returned to find her friend missing. Hare told her that Mary and Burke had gone out for a walk. Janet waited for her friend to return but eventually decided to leave. \n\nIt was a lucky escape because her friend Mary was lying dead in the next room being prepared to be taken to Knox at the medical school. It is very likely that she herself was to be the next victim.\n\nEncouraged by their success, Burke and Hare soon became too greedy and confident. No one in their sights was safe. \nAn elderly grandmother was killed with an overdose of painkillers and Hare murdered her blind young grandson by breaking the boy’s back across his knee. Even a relative of Burke's mistress Helen McDougal - a woman called *Ann McDougal*, was murdered in cold blood. However, with their greed came carelessness.\n\nIt all began to unravel when some of Prof Knox’s medical students were said to have recognised Mary Patterson and two other prostitutes murdered by Burke and Hare - a woman by the name of *Elizabeth Halden* and her daughter had made the mistake of calling at Hare's lodging house to enquire about her missing mother. \n\n**Daft Jamie**\n\nThe gossip was further fueled when Burke and Hare brought in the body of a young handicapped man by the name of *James Wilson*. James was in his early 20's and was well known in the city as ‘Daft Jamie’.\n\nJames was a street entertainer and was well know in the Surgeons Square are of the City where he would walk around in all weather barefoot and bareheaded. This, and his often erratic behaviour, probably led to the nickname of 'Daft Jamie'. \n\nJamie was a well-known and popular character in the area. He never begged and his mother and sister did their best to care for him despite of his habit of roaming the streets. It was Jamie's presence within the community that made him a very poor choice of victim for Burke and Hare. \n\nIt was said that Hare's 'wife', Margaret, \"who had none of Burke's practical sense of a successful murder plan,\" selected Jamie as he was wandering in the Grassmarket are of the city one cold and wet October day looking for his mother. His peculiar way of walking and his shoeless feet made him stand out as a potential victim.\n\nHowever, when Burke and Hare had tried to 'Burke' James by plying him with whisky, James (who was tea-total) struggled firecely and so had to be killed violently by the pair. However, when Burke and Hare arrived at the medical school with the body, one of Professor Knox's colleagues, a *Doctor William Ferguson*, thought he recognized the corpse of the popular young man. \n\nJamie's disappearance had been noticed in the community almost immediately. People had reported seeing his shirt and waistcoat on strangers and they feared the worse. \nDespite the growing concern, Prof Knox insisted that his newly acquired cadaver was not the body of James Wilson, but he quickly removed the head and deformed foot during the dissection of the body.\n\n**Murderous Deeds Eventually Discovered**\n\nSoon afterwards, Burke and Hare had an argument. Burke suspected that Hare and Margaret were doing deals with Prof Knox behind his back. Because of this, Burke and Helen began to take in their own lodgers.\n\nOn Halloween night, 1828 Burke and Hare’s last victim, *Marjory Docherty*, was invited to stay with Burke and Helen. Burke had lied to her, telling her that she was a distant relation of his mother. Burke’s other lodgers - a couple called *James and Ann Gray* - were invited to stay the night at Hare’s boarding house that evening so that the planned murder could take place.\n\nOn their return to Burke’s lodgings the following day, the Gray’s were told that Marjory had been asked to leave because she had become flirtatious with Burke. The Gray's then became suspicious when they were not allowed to enter the spare room where they had left their belongings. \n\nWhen they were finally left alone, they discovered Marjory’s dead body hidden under the bed. The couple challenged Helen over their discovery and she offered them a bribe of £10 a week if they would keep the discovery to themselves. The Gray’s refused and reported the murder to the Police. \n\nWord reached Burke and Hare before the Police arrived at the boarding house though, and Marjory’s body had been removed and taken to Knox. Burke and Helen, and later Hare and Margaret, were all arrested and gave conflicting accounts of what had taken place, with Burke and Hare each blaming the other.\n\n**Turning on each other**\n\nThe Police investigation soon led them to Knox. James Gray identified the body found in his lecture hall as being Marjory. The murder was the lead story in the local newspaper and soon after reading about it, Janet Brown contacted the Police and identified other clothes found at Hare’s lodging house as belonging to her missing friend Mary Patterson. \n\nHowever, the Police had little hard evidence to prove the crimes had been committed and eventually the Lord Advocate, offered Hare immunity from prosecution if he testified against Burke and Helen, which he readily agreed to do!\n\n**Trial and prosecution of William Burke**\n\nThe trial began on Christmas Eve in 1828. On Christmas Day, William Burke and Helen McDougal were charged with the murder of Marjory Docherty. Burke was also charged with the murder of Mary Patterson and James Wilson. However, the verdict against Helen McDougal's part in the murder of Marjory was returned as ‘not proven’ under Scottish Law and she was set free. Burke, however, was sentenced to death by hanging.\n\n<center>![Burke_and_McDougall_at_the_bar.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmWg7AAkHGWQokBkURdHkLjdQTFDkzJVL3kHepnywem7Vy/Burke_and_McDougall_at_the_bar.jpg)<br>Artist drawing of Burke and McDougal on trial<br> Public domain image</center>\n\n*On the 28th of January 1829*, William Burke was hanged at Lawnmarket in Edinburgh in front of \"a boisterous, cheering crowd\" of over 25,000 people. His body was then put on public display, and then, in perfect irony, his body was donated to medical science.\n\nIt is said that a number of anatomy students took ghoulish souvenirs of his skin, some using it to bind or cover books. \n\nBurke’s skeleton is still on display at Surgeon’s Hall in Edinburgh next to his death mask and the life mask of Hare’s face.\nDespite clearly being involved in the murders, Hare was released in February 1829 and went to live across the border in England. No one knows for sure what became of Hare, but it has been rumoured that he was thrown into a lime quarry by an angry mob and lived out his days as a blind beggar on the streets of London.\n\n<center>![Execution_of_William_Burke_Public_Domain.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmVcbGrakyKab78uVHymVTACicWESMgBzBcwstFDEBjAdc/Execution_of_William_Burke_Public_Domain.jpg)\nPublic doman image</center> \n\nBoth Helen and Margaret also fled Edinburgh, with Helen said to have emigrated to Australia and Margaret to Ireland.\nDespite huge public outrage, Knox was also cleared of his involvement in the murders as Burke claimed he had no idea where the bodies had come from. However, with his reputation ruined, Knox moved to London to try to continue his career in medicine.\n\nDuring my research for this article on Burke and Hare, I discovered that there were similar murders committed in the Bethnal Green area of London two years later in 1831, and that those were referred to as the *'London Burkers'*, so the infamy of Burke and Hare had travelled far and wide even back then.\n\nThe Burke and Hare murders and the subsequent London Burkers murders led to the *Anatomy Act 1832* which allowed doctors, anatomy lecturers, and medical students greater access to bodies for medical research purposes and also allowed for the legal donation of bodies to medical science. This ended the illegal body-snatching trade.\n\nWhen I was in Edinburgh last year, I happened across a graveyard that was apparently one of the areas that Burke and Hare carried out their ghoulish trade. I understand that there are guided, walking tours which take groups around the old town areas where Burke and Hare lived and carried out the murders. I think I will have a look at that sometime soon. \n\nI also understand that **Burke's skeleton is still on display at the University Medical School** although I'm not sure if the public can still go in and view it though. The public were allowed in one day per month but recently the Medical School placed all its artifacts online and they can be viewed using an interactive app.\n\nYou can find more details of it here on the Edinburgh University website.   \n\n https://www.ed.ac.uk/medicine-vet-medicine/about/history/burke-and-hare\n\n**The walking tours of Edinburgh also take in *Mary Kings Close* and the infamous story of *Deacon Brodie*.** \n\nBrodie is thought to have been the true life inspiration for *Robert Louis Stevenson's* classic novel, *'Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde'.*\n\nMary King's Close is situated under the Royal Mile and well worth a visit. It is renowned for its history of the dreaded medieval plague and the \"many spirits who are said to be trapped for eternity\" in the undergound streets and alleyways, directly below the streets we walk on today. If you are ever in Edinburgh I would highly recommend you have a look.\n\nIf people have found this story interesting, I will write the story of Deacon Brodie and also more about *Mary Kings Close* and the haunted *Underground Vaults* in the future.\n\nCheers!\nDave\n\n\n![DWglobeSep.png](https://steemitimages.com/DQmWzhXsfA5xr4wRe98s75Bfvq3txSzxwuCYSDDC7KQ8ya1/DWglobeSep.png)",
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2018/02/27 10:29:00
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bodyI m loving all the nuggets too, there is gold in these steemian's words.
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2018/02/26 23:55:51
authordavesworld
bodyHi @newsteemians. Thanks for the tips. I will be sure to do that. I will also be checking out your link for advice on max exposure too. Thanks again Dave
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2018/02/26 23:52:15
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2018/02/26 21:09:12
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2018/02/26 21:09:09
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bodyWelcome to Steem Community @davesworld! As a gentle reminder, please keep your master password safe. The best practise is to use your private posting key to login to Steemit when posting; and the private active key for wallet related transactions. In the New Steemians project, we help new members of steem by education and resteeeming their articles. Get your articles resteemed too for maximum exposure. You can learn more about it here: https://steemit.com/introduceyourself/@gaman/new-steemians-project-launch
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2018/02/26 11:41:42
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2018/02/26 11:37:15
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2018/02/26 11:34:00
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bodyWhat a great place to enjoy a cup of coffee. I love the stuff and drink far too much in a day, but just instant. I'm afraid. I didn't realise just how much of a coffee philistine I was until I went into a Costa coffee shop a couple of years back and had not a clue what I was being offered. There were so many choices, combinations and names that I was lost. Some looked more like desert/ice cream than what I would recognise as coffee. I just wanted a white coffee. I think the staff thought I was a bit of a caveman. Maybe they were right. :-/
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2018/02/26 11:26:33
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2018/02/26 11:23:15
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Witness Votes

0 / 30
No active witness votes.
[]