VOTING POWER100.00%
DOWNVOTE POWER100.00%
RESOURCE CREDITS100.00%
REPUTATION PROGRESS0.00%
Net Worth
0.036USD
STEEM
0.000STEEM
SBD
0.000SBD
Effective Power
5.007SP
├── Own SP
0.629SP
└── Incoming DelegationsDeleg
+4.378SP
Detailed Balance
| STEEM | ||
| balance | 0.000STEEM | STEEM |
| market_balance | 0.000STEEM | STEEM |
| savings_balance | 0.000STEEM | STEEM |
| reward_steem_balance | 0.000STEEM | STEEM |
| STEEM POWER | ||
| Own SP | 0.629SP | SP |
| Delegated Out | 0.000SP | SP |
| Delegation In | 4.378SP | SP |
| Effective Power | 5.007SP | SP |
| Reward SP (pending) | 0.000SP | SP |
| SBD | ||
| sbd_balance | 0.000SBD | SBD |
| sbd_conversions | 0.000SBD | SBD |
| sbd_market_balance | 0.000SBD | SBD |
| savings_sbd_balance | 0.000SBD | SBD |
| reward_sbd_balance | 0.000SBD | SBD |
{
"balance": "0.000 STEEM",
"savings_balance": "0.000 STEEM",
"reward_steem_balance": "0.000 STEEM",
"vesting_shares": "1023.064006 VESTS",
"delegated_vesting_shares": "0.000000 VESTS",
"received_vesting_shares": "7120.595800 VESTS",
"sbd_balance": "0.000 SBD",
"savings_sbd_balance": "0.000 SBD",
"reward_sbd_balance": "0.000 SBD",
"conversions": []
}Account Info
| name | danieltacherra |
| id | 701188 |
| rank | 1,455,204 |
| reputation | 15872334 |
| created | 2018-01-30T23:51:15 |
| recovery_account | steem |
| proxy | None |
| post_count | 13 |
| comment_count | 0 |
| lifetime_vote_count | 0 |
| witnesses_voted_for | 0 |
| last_post | 2018-05-19T09:59:09 |
| last_root_post | 2018-05-19T09:59:09 |
| last_vote_time | 1970-01-01T00:00:00 |
| proxied_vsf_votes | 0, 0, 0, 0 |
| can_vote | 1 |
| voting_power | 0 |
| delayed_votes | 0 |
| balance | 0.000 STEEM |
| savings_balance | 0.000 STEEM |
| sbd_balance | 0.000 SBD |
| savings_sbd_balance | 0.000 SBD |
| vesting_shares | 1023.064006 VESTS |
| delegated_vesting_shares | 0.000000 VESTS |
| received_vesting_shares | 7120.595800 VESTS |
| reward_vesting_balance | 0.000000 VESTS |
| vesting_balance | 0.000 STEEM |
| vesting_withdraw_rate | 0.000000 VESTS |
| next_vesting_withdrawal | 1969-12-31T23:59:59 |
| withdrawn | 0 |
| to_withdraw | 0 |
| withdraw_routes | 0 |
| savings_withdraw_requests | 0 |
| last_account_recovery | 1970-01-01T00:00:00 |
| reset_account | null |
| last_owner_update | 1970-01-01T00:00:00 |
| last_account_update | 2018-05-19T09:53:06 |
| mined | No |
| sbd_seconds | 0 |
| sbd_last_interest_payment | 1970-01-01T00:00:00 |
| savings_sbd_last_interest_payment | 1970-01-01T00:00:00 |
{
"active": {
"account_auths": [],
"key_auths": [
[
"STM5xzuoKTtfcZJmG7dbi3VWgnVwown12SmUXeqgUBk26tPcsqVjP",
1
]
],
"weight_threshold": 1
},
"balance": "0.000 STEEM",
"can_vote": true,
"comment_count": 0,
"created": "2018-01-30T23:51:15",
"curation_rewards": 0,
"delegated_vesting_shares": "0.000000 VESTS",
"downvote_manabar": {
"current_mana": 2035914951,
"last_update_time": 1779059526
},
"guest_bloggers": [],
"id": 701188,
"json_metadata": "{\"profile\":{\"profile_image\":\"https://steemitimages.com/DQmf2WpXpCA9GXBUKm3Haeh7bSbRNY1pfsd2TDTkHtPmxHW/1coolidge.jpg\"}}",
"last_account_recovery": "1970-01-01T00:00:00",
"last_account_update": "2018-05-19T09:53:06",
"last_owner_update": "1970-01-01T00:00:00",
"last_post": "2018-05-19T09:59:09",
"last_root_post": "2018-05-19T09:59:09",
"last_vote_time": "1970-01-01T00:00:00",
"lifetime_vote_count": 0,
"market_history": [],
"memo_key": "STM8KThCu78DuGvvZWHA5LmdG9hoAHQca6hcRXCXuzFXQwkMufjM4",
"mined": false,
"name": "danieltacherra",
"next_vesting_withdrawal": "1969-12-31T23:59:59",
"other_history": [],
"owner": {
"account_auths": [],
"key_auths": [
[
"STM73rFEjwKn5MayTmAzib3cCkT1ENQbXxD9RAnYUsNYaQzR5VsKB",
1
]
],
"weight_threshold": 1
},
"pending_claimed_accounts": 0,
"post_bandwidth": 0,
"post_count": 13,
"post_history": [],
"posting": {
"account_auths": [],
"key_auths": [
[
"STM6irg2PTKioY61gzxcNtmrYXsWM3LZiAGmwo61oHFSnsdti2wK1",
1
]
],
"weight_threshold": 1
},
"posting_json_metadata": "{\"profile\":{\"profile_image\":\"https://steemitimages.com/DQmf2WpXpCA9GXBUKm3Haeh7bSbRNY1pfsd2TDTkHtPmxHW/1coolidge.jpg\"}}",
"posting_rewards": 0,
"proxied_vsf_votes": [
0,
0,
0,
0
],
"proxy": "",
"received_vesting_shares": "7120.595800 VESTS",
"recovery_account": "steem",
"reputation": 15872334,
"reset_account": "null",
"reward_sbd_balance": "0.000 SBD",
"reward_steem_balance": "0.000 STEEM",
"reward_vesting_balance": "0.000000 VESTS",
"reward_vesting_steem": "0.000 STEEM",
"savings_balance": "0.000 STEEM",
"savings_sbd_balance": "0.000 SBD",
"savings_sbd_last_interest_payment": "1970-01-01T00:00:00",
"savings_sbd_seconds": "0",
"savings_sbd_seconds_last_update": "1970-01-01T00:00:00",
"savings_withdraw_requests": 0,
"sbd_balance": "0.000 SBD",
"sbd_last_interest_payment": "1970-01-01T00:00:00",
"sbd_seconds": "0",
"sbd_seconds_last_update": "1970-01-01T00:00:00",
"tags_usage": [],
"to_withdraw": 0,
"transfer_history": [],
"vesting_balance": "0.000 STEEM",
"vesting_shares": "1023.064006 VESTS",
"vesting_withdraw_rate": "0.000000 VESTS",
"vote_history": [],
"voting_manabar": {
"current_mana": "8143659806",
"last_update_time": 1779059526
},
"voting_power": 0,
"withdraw_routes": 0,
"withdrawn": 0,
"witness_votes": [],
"witnesses_voted_for": 0,
"rank": 1455204
}Withdraw Routes
| Incoming | Outgoing |
|---|---|
Empty | Empty |
{
"incoming": [],
"outgoing": []
}From Date
To Date
steemdelegated 4.378 SP to @danieltacherra2026/05/17 23:12:06
steemdelegated 4.378 SP to @danieltacherra
2026/05/17 23:12:06
| delegatee | danieltacherra |
| delegator | steem |
| vesting shares | 7120.595800 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #106142191/Trx 3dbef10d1a3fd9e6acbccc62019ca5e54b3b3432 |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"block": 106142191,
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegatee": "danieltacherra",
"delegator": "steem",
"vesting_shares": "7120.595800 VESTS"
}
],
"op_in_trx": 0,
"timestamp": "2026-05-17T23:12:06",
"trx_id": "3dbef10d1a3fd9e6acbccc62019ca5e54b3b3432",
"trx_in_block": 2,
"virtual_op": 0
}steemdelegated 2.711 SP to @danieltacherra2026/05/11 23:36:18
steemdelegated 2.711 SP to @danieltacherra
2026/05/11 23:36:18
| delegatee | danieltacherra |
| delegator | steem |
| vesting shares | 4408.385395 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #105970641/Trx 8beb4338b303229f2da4537da5d5d8d58af567cf |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"block": 105970641,
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegatee": "danieltacherra",
"delegator": "steem",
"vesting_shares": "4408.385395 VESTS"
}
],
"op_in_trx": 0,
"timestamp": "2026-05-11T23:36:18",
"trx_id": "8beb4338b303229f2da4537da5d5d8d58af567cf",
"trx_in_block": 0,
"virtual_op": 0
}steemdelegated 4.386 SP to @danieltacherra2026/04/25 22:34:48
steemdelegated 4.386 SP to @danieltacherra
2026/04/25 22:34:48
| delegatee | danieltacherra |
| delegator | steem |
| vesting shares | 7133.111556 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #105509876/Trx 58741a6cee914c478c5776787a140699db04553e |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"block": 105509876,
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegatee": "danieltacherra",
"delegator": "steem",
"vesting_shares": "7133.111556 VESTS"
}
],
"op_in_trx": 0,
"timestamp": "2026-04-25T22:34:48",
"trx_id": "58741a6cee914c478c5776787a140699db04553e",
"trx_in_block": 1,
"virtual_op": 0
}steemdelegated 2.736 SP to @danieltacherra2026/01/23 04:59:12
steemdelegated 2.736 SP to @danieltacherra
2026/01/23 04:59:12
| delegatee | danieltacherra |
| delegator | steem |
| vesting shares | 4449.932214 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #102848438/Trx 8f1f267bc8cd52180988d0934ad599040597d605 |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"block": 102848438,
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegatee": "danieltacherra",
"delegator": "steem",
"vesting_shares": "4449.932214 VESTS"
}
],
"op_in_trx": 0,
"timestamp": "2026-01-23T04:59:12",
"trx_id": "8f1f267bc8cd52180988d0934ad599040597d605",
"trx_in_block": 2,
"virtual_op": 0
}steemdelegated 2.837 SP to @danieltacherra2024/12/17 00:19:03
steemdelegated 2.837 SP to @danieltacherra
2024/12/17 00:19:03
| delegatee | danieltacherra |
| delegator | steem |
| vesting shares | 4614.151411 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #91294861/Trx 19086c6cee0b231b953cbe8360d40ace5586f0ac |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"block": 91294861,
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegatee": "danieltacherra",
"delegator": "steem",
"vesting_shares": "4614.151411 VESTS"
}
],
"op_in_trx": 0,
"timestamp": "2024-12-17T00:19:03",
"trx_id": "19086c6cee0b231b953cbe8360d40ace5586f0ac",
"trx_in_block": 4,
"virtual_op": 0
}steemdelegated 2.941 SP to @danieltacherra2023/11/13 16:02:51
steemdelegated 2.941 SP to @danieltacherra
2023/11/13 16:02:51
| delegatee | danieltacherra |
| delegator | steem |
| vesting shares | 4783.284943 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #79849093/Trx ea8e96f8a8518b3a6727dac79a4c6c18da581517 |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"block": 79849093,
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegatee": "danieltacherra",
"delegator": "steem",
"vesting_shares": "4783.284943 VESTS"
}
],
"op_in_trx": 0,
"timestamp": "2023-11-13T16:02:51",
"trx_id": "ea8e96f8a8518b3a6727dac79a4c6c18da581517",
"trx_in_block": 9,
"virtual_op": 0
}steemdelegated 4.747 SP to @danieltacherra2023/09/21 20:35:48
steemdelegated 4.747 SP to @danieltacherra
2023/09/21 20:35:48
| delegatee | danieltacherra |
| delegator | steem |
| vesting shares | 7720.563729 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #78346355/Trx a74ee1fcad3e5f9d747672a67ac395853b3b87ec |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"block": 78346355,
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegatee": "danieltacherra",
"delegator": "steem",
"vesting_shares": "7720.563729 VESTS"
}
],
"op_in_trx": 0,
"timestamp": "2023-09-21T20:35:48",
"trx_id": "a74ee1fcad3e5f9d747672a67ac395853b3b87ec",
"trx_in_block": 1,
"virtual_op": 0
}steemdelegated 4.883 SP to @danieltacherra2022/11/03 10:32:54
steemdelegated 4.883 SP to @danieltacherra
2022/11/03 10:32:54
| delegatee | danieltacherra |
| delegator | steem |
| vesting shares | 7942.245167 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #69111882/Trx 205aabdb5447b0779100cd3ce593148c6d188b53 |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"block": 69111882,
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegatee": "danieltacherra",
"delegator": "steem",
"vesting_shares": "7942.245167 VESTS"
}
],
"op_in_trx": 0,
"timestamp": "2022-11-03T10:32:54",
"trx_id": "205aabdb5447b0779100cd3ce593148c6d188b53",
"trx_in_block": 2,
"virtual_op": 0
}steemdelegated 5.019 SP to @danieltacherra2022/01/17 09:54:30
steemdelegated 5.019 SP to @danieltacherra
2022/01/17 09:54:30
| delegatee | danieltacherra |
| delegator | steem |
| vesting shares | 8162.778398 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #60808163/Trx b40beb1024dde46298854c7c94f39f6269b44207 |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"block": 60808163,
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegatee": "danieltacherra",
"delegator": "steem",
"vesting_shares": "8162.778398 VESTS"
}
],
"op_in_trx": 0,
"timestamp": "2022-01-17T09:54:30",
"trx_id": "b40beb1024dde46298854c7c94f39f6269b44207",
"trx_in_block": 34,
"virtual_op": 0
}steemdelegated 5.132 SP to @danieltacherra2021/06/13 23:52:09
steemdelegated 5.132 SP to @danieltacherra
2021/06/13 23:52:09
| delegatee | danieltacherra |
| delegator | steem |
| vesting shares | 8346.547056 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #54606600/Trx 1024f996efd1300f1b035352ccc2bebc5fca9c0b |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"block": 54606600,
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegatee": "danieltacherra",
"delegator": "steem",
"vesting_shares": "8346.547056 VESTS"
}
],
"op_in_trx": 0,
"timestamp": "2021-06-13T23:52:09",
"trx_id": "1024f996efd1300f1b035352ccc2bebc5fca9c0b",
"trx_in_block": 3,
"virtual_op": 0
}steemdelegated 5.247 SP to @danieltacherra2020/12/11 10:12:39
steemdelegated 5.247 SP to @danieltacherra
2020/12/11 10:12:39
| delegatee | danieltacherra |
| delegator | steem |
| vesting shares | 8533.969030 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #49354102/Trx edad6677f6f818fdbd775d7ad35d8cfa9c0a19dc |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"block": 49354102,
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegatee": "danieltacherra",
"delegator": "steem",
"vesting_shares": "8533.969030 VESTS"
}
],
"op_in_trx": 0,
"timestamp": "2020-12-11T10:12:39",
"trx_id": "edad6677f6f818fdbd775d7ad35d8cfa9c0a19dc",
"trx_in_block": 2,
"virtual_op": 0
}steemdelegated 1.176 SP to @danieltacherra2020/12/06 03:49:48
steemdelegated 1.176 SP to @danieltacherra
2020/12/06 03:49:48
| delegatee | danieltacherra |
| delegator | steem |
| vesting shares | 1912.543513 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #49205664/Trx ee30e0df8d07aa28427a74b1e99da8f17bc209a5 |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"block": 49205664,
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegatee": "danieltacherra",
"delegator": "steem",
"vesting_shares": "1912.543513 VESTS"
}
],
"op_in_trx": 0,
"timestamp": "2020-12-06T03:49:48",
"trx_id": "ee30e0df8d07aa28427a74b1e99da8f17bc209a5",
"trx_in_block": 0,
"virtual_op": 0
}steemdelegated 5.251 SP to @danieltacherra2020/12/05 11:47:00
steemdelegated 5.251 SP to @danieltacherra
2020/12/05 11:47:00
| delegatee | danieltacherra |
| delegator | steem |
| vesting shares | 8540.335669 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #49186771/Trx 40c0510fdce0b74f4b694155fcd0fa239318a286 |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"block": 49186771,
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegatee": "danieltacherra",
"delegator": "steem",
"vesting_shares": "8540.335669 VESTS"
}
],
"op_in_trx": 0,
"timestamp": "2020-12-05T11:47:00",
"trx_id": "40c0510fdce0b74f4b694155fcd0fa239318a286",
"trx_in_block": 5,
"virtual_op": 0
}steemdelegated 1.181 SP to @danieltacherra2020/11/02 13:41:45
steemdelegated 1.181 SP to @danieltacherra
2020/11/02 13:41:45
| delegatee | danieltacherra |
| delegator | steem |
| vesting shares | 1920.017158 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #48255515/Trx 46d7ce1a9d6738a0aa53cc87aeeaa827694028a1 |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"block": 48255515,
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegatee": "danieltacherra",
"delegator": "steem",
"vesting_shares": "1920.017158 VESTS"
}
],
"op_in_trx": 0,
"timestamp": "2020-11-02T13:41:45",
"trx_id": "46d7ce1a9d6738a0aa53cc87aeeaa827694028a1",
"trx_in_block": 0,
"virtual_op": 0
}steemdelegated 5.376 SP to @danieltacherra2020/05/09 04:46:12
steemdelegated 5.376 SP to @danieltacherra
2020/05/09 04:46:12
| delegatee | danieltacherra |
| delegator | steem |
| vesting shares | 8742.982243 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #43215903/Trx f2228e3232c763e7ae9eee4c8aa751d262babb21 |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"block": 43215903,
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegatee": "danieltacherra",
"delegator": "steem",
"vesting_shares": "8742.982243 VESTS"
}
],
"op_in_trx": 0,
"timestamp": "2020-05-09T04:46:12",
"trx_id": "f2228e3232c763e7ae9eee4c8aa751d262babb21",
"trx_in_block": 1,
"virtual_op": 0
}steemdelegated 1.201 SP to @danieltacherra2020/05/08 08:13:42
steemdelegated 1.201 SP to @danieltacherra
2020/05/08 08:13:42
| delegatee | danieltacherra |
| delegator | steem |
| vesting shares | 1953.311140 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #43191828/Trx a54e63d570d3269f9d6bd261a22a74385c2747c2 |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"block": 43191828,
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegatee": "danieltacherra",
"delegator": "steem",
"vesting_shares": "1953.311140 VESTS"
}
],
"op_in_trx": 0,
"timestamp": "2020-05-08T08:13:42",
"trx_id": "a54e63d570d3269f9d6bd261a22a74385c2747c2",
"trx_in_block": 6,
"virtual_op": 0
}2020/01/31 01:17:00
2020/01/31 01:17:00
| author | steemitboard |
| body | Congratulations @danieltacherra! You received a personal award! <table><tr><td>https://steemitimages.com/70x70/http://steemitboard.com/@danieltacherra/birthday2.png</td><td>Happy Birthday! - You are on the Steem blockchain for 2 years!</td></tr></table> <sub>_You can view [your badges on your Steem Board](https://steemitboard.com/@danieltacherra) and compare to others on the [Steem Ranking](https://steemitboard.com/ranking/index.php?name=danieltacherra)_</sub> ###### [Vote for @Steemitboard as a witness](https://v2.steemconnect.com/sign/account-witness-vote?witness=steemitboard&approve=1) to get one more award and increased upvotes! |
| json metadata | {"image":["https://steemitboard.com/img/notify.png"]} |
| parent author | danieltacherra |
| parent permlink | remember-postmodernism-is-a-cancer-on-our-college-campuses |
| permlink | steemitboard-notify-danieltacherra-20200131t011659000z |
| title | |
| Transaction Info | Block #40396179/Trx dbc388ebc712135953e2fb11845f448eb190ca99 |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"block": 40396179,
"op": [
"comment",
{
"author": "steemitboard",
"body": "Congratulations @danieltacherra! You received a personal award!\n\n<table><tr><td>https://steemitimages.com/70x70/http://steemitboard.com/@danieltacherra/birthday2.png</td><td>Happy Birthday! - You are on the Steem blockchain for 2 years!</td></tr></table>\n\n<sub>_You can view [your badges on your Steem Board](https://steemitboard.com/@danieltacherra) and compare to others on the [Steem Ranking](https://steemitboard.com/ranking/index.php?name=danieltacherra)_</sub>\n\n\n###### [Vote for @Steemitboard as a witness](https://v2.steemconnect.com/sign/account-witness-vote?witness=steemitboard&approve=1) to get one more award and increased upvotes!",
"json_metadata": "{\"image\":[\"https://steemitboard.com/img/notify.png\"]}",
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}steemdelegated 5.473 SP to @danieltacherra2019/08/05 15:37:48
steemdelegated 5.473 SP to @danieltacherra
2019/08/05 15:37:48
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2019/01/31 01:07:30
| author | steemitboard |
| body | Congratulations @danieltacherra! You received a personal award! <table><tr><td>https://steemitimages.com/70x70/http://steemitboard.com/@danieltacherra/birthday1.png</td><td>Happy Birthday! - You are on the Steem blockchain for 1 year!</td></tr></table> <sub>_[Click here to view your Board](https://steemitboard.com/@danieltacherra)_</sub> > Support [SteemitBoard's project](https://steemit.com/@steemitboard)! **[Vote for its witness](https://v2.steemconnect.com/sign/account-witness-vote?witness=steemitboard&approve=1)** and **get one more award**! |
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}steemdelegated 5.595 SP to @danieltacherra2018/08/20 09:56:27
steemdelegated 5.595 SP to @danieltacherra
2018/08/20 09:56:27
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}danieltacherrapublished a new post: specialization-and-grwoth-in-the-services-industry2018/05/21 08:09:42
danieltacherrapublished a new post: specialization-and-grwoth-in-the-services-industry
2018/05/21 08:09:42
| author | danieltacherra |
| body | Specialization and Growth in the Services Industry Since the Industrial Revolution, the American economy has relied upon its manufacturing industry to breathe life into its economy. The early beginnings started with Andrew Carnegie who had a great impact on the manufacturing of steel, providing required materials to satisfy the building of the railroads. John D. Rockefeller had monopolized the oil industry and Henry Ford had perfected the art of mass production consumption by taking advantage of mass consumption. All of these fields are considered manufacturing operations, and through specialization (the method of producing or pursuing a specific final product by mastering the chain of production; or simply having a natural advantage in resources) had been largely successful. These were years before there were other any legislated antitrust laws to prevent these giant manufacturers from colluding and monopolizing the markets through vertical and horizontal integration. Years and years later, as the country pulled itself out of the financial meltdown of the Great Depression -with the help of the new federal institutions such as the FDIC, and the Works Progress Administration brought about by Franklin Roosevelt-, World War Two had helped pull the United States onto its feet. This war had kicked the economy in the rear and provided such employment as to surpass the full employment level. The unemployment rate dropped from nearly 10% in 1941, to over half at 4.7% in 1942, and down to just 2% the subsequent year (Slavin). The reason for this was the demand for war supplies in Western Europe and the Pacific. Americans went to work all across the country in factories that had been repurposed to provide essential machinery and equipment for not only American soldiers, but for our allies as well. Government defense spending reached an all-time high, and net exports (the balance between imports and exports) sky-rocketed due to the high demand for war supplies in Great Britain, France, Russia and other allied nations. Millions of men, women and ethnic minorities found themselves a part of the workforce. Between 1939 and 1944, national output of goods and services nearly doubled, while defense spending rose by over 400% (Slavin). The government was forced into rationing food and necessities for Americans, and also instituting price and wage controls to fight possible inflation. At this point during the Second World War the country earned the title of the “Arsenal of Democracy”, turning out roughly 300,000 planes, 100,000 tanks, and 88,000 war ships. During this time America greatly benefited from the mass production techniques outlined by Ford and GM. By specializing in specific production, taking advantage of what is called “economies of scale”. The possibility of mass consumption allows for mass production, adding into the equation a source of efficient capital and resources; which are the underlying factors of economies of scale. America was rich with resources and led the world in capital (plant and equipment, basically factories and required materials). With the gradual occurrence of suburbanization, federally subsidized interstates, local highways and roads, the manufacturing industry was steady and strong. American auto manufacturers returned to producing cars for the growing class of American suburbanites, as well as becoming the world’s leading auto exporter. When you compare today’s current import/export sector and that of forty years ago, you will find that as a proportion of our entire GDP it has risen dramatically from ten percent to one-quarter (Slavin). Concern about our rising imports stems from our lack of exports, which has been caused by a flood of cheap goods from countries such as China, offshored manufacturing in China which has diminished our output, and demand for necessities such as oil exported by OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries). Our balance of trade suffers a deficit of nearly $700 Billion each year; it has been steadily rising since it turned negative in the late 1970s. We have become a nation of consumers and this trend has been also growing due to the increasing prevalent service industry. “The big change in our economy since World War II has been in the service sector, which now produces over half of what consumers buy. Medicare, education, legal and financial services, and entertainment are some of the fields that have grown rapidly in the last five decades.” (Slavin). There are those who say that America is unable to recover, a great example would be in the 2016 elections, as outlined in Hunt’s article “United States Decline is Campaign Hype, Not Reality”. Making America great again has nothing to do with discrimination and deportation of a potentially vital workforce, as Trump advocates, nor does his military defense card that pulls at the heart strings of die-hard Republicans. The services sector is going to play a major role and is going to be what sustains American jobs for the foreseeable future. America ranks number two worldwide, in terms of exports (World Atlas). Even as our nation pulls away from its manufacturing sector, with a net loss of nearly 5 million manufacturing jobs over a ten year span from 2000 – 2014 (Scott). Studies by the CES (Current Employment Statistics) program of the BLS (Bureau of Labor Statistics) have shown a drastic decline in manufacturing jobs since 2000 (Scott). America isn’t where it wants to be, but sure is better off than much of the rest of the world is. America continues to transition further into a service based economy; nearly 80% of all jobs are in the services sector (Department for Professional Employers). The scare of offshored jobs may prove to be a part of this trend, as the next generations of American youth take advantage of higher skilled jobs through an abundance of education opportunities; now being offered to those in lower income families as well. As our mobile app market expands so does the need for the devices in which they are used, and vice versa. Ever since the introduction of marketable applications, having been brought to consumers at the touch of a “button” (touch screen), there has been huge growth in software and electronic devices. This proves how the information services sector is actually creating a demand for electronic devices, not to mention the varieties of technological capabilities being integrated all over as businesses push for higher productivity and to keep up with advanced procedures. Tablets are the next best thing and smart phones have replaced cell phones which used to be a luxury item twenty years ago. Although most of these electronic devices have been manufactured offshore, American companies still make huge profits and their investors and stockholders in America do as well. Even Steve Jobs and President Obama had mentioned that manufacturing jobs wouldn’t be coming back, they are low skilled cheap labor jobs. We all enjoy a high standard of living because businesses find ways to cut and reduce costs. Apple products, for example, are highly sought after and affordable as well because of lowered input costs. Everybody enjoys the convenience of Face timing with somebody or using Google Maps for directions. The top five growing industries of 2008-2018 have been in the management, scientific, and technical consulting services; computer systems designs and related services; general local government educational services; nursing and residential care facilities; and finally, in employment services (Department for Professional Employers). According to the DPE, “The 10 occupations with the largest projected growth between 2008 and 2018 are in the service sector. In fact, twenty-nine of the top 30 occupations with the largest growth are in the service sector. The top 30 occupations with the fastest projected growth are in the service sector”. Some may argue that it is too hard for our country to compete against other countries of which minimum wage requirements are much lower than ours. This is true when it comes to cheap goods, however, our country may specialize in what it excels in, which has been moving towards specialized services. The most competitive industries are in the services sector. America is currently the number one exporter of services, doubling that of the United Kingdom which comes in second. Information technologies will be integrated further into nearly every possible facet. Examples include the medical field, in which new technologies are being applied to change the landscape of life saving methods used in nearly every medical facility; media and software is constantly evolving thanks to our ever growing computer engineering sector; even the automotive industry. Tesla and Google cars are pushing the boundaries through innovation thanks to American ingenuity. All of these fields require maintenance and future progression through the growing of new skilled jobs, which in effect is helping push American occupations away from the manufacturing sector. The business cycle, which is made up of recessions, recovery, and expansions has a much greater impact on manufacturing; on the other hand, services are much less sensitive. The Bureau of Labor Statistics has provided very insightful information regarding the manufacturing losses during the first decade of the 21st century. There had been a steady manufacturing workforce of around 16-18 million from 1970 until 2000. From 2000 – 2010 there was a major downturn as China became the world’s largest exporter, gas prices were on the rise, and the Great Recession in which the housing market collapsed causing a huge loss in demand for construction based supplies. By 2014, the manufacturing workforce was at a despicable 12.3 million (Scott). America needs to find a different angle to spur economic stability, and is doing so. We are on the transition to a generation of specialized jobs as demands increase in the fields mentioned above. The health information technology field is going to be in huge demand for workers because of the aging baby boomer generation and is directly related to the healthcare industry which is among the largest expected for growth. An approximate 78 million elders in need of healthcare in terms of nursing, as well as the technical jobs that will be in demand to maintain evolving medical equipment. According the the BSA (also known as the Software Alliance), during 2007, the software and related services had an annual growth of around 14%, compared to the average 2% in all other U.S. industries. America will only rise back to its potential through the further growth of skilled services, low skilled manufacturing has found its place overseas. Instead of politicizing what America is lacking, those who care to take pose a stance regarding its economic place in the world need to see the golden opportunities that are taking place and how we can manipulate as well as direct our focus towards growth in the fields we are obviously specializing in. Since few countries will ever be self-sufficient, there needs to be further realization that foreign trade is vital for our economy and that we have our own high paying, and high skilled fields to specialize. Works Cited Bank of Dallas, Federal Reserve. “Opportunity Knocks: Selling Our Services to the World”. 2007 Annual Report. "Software Industry Facts and Figures." BSA.org. The Software Alliance, n.d. Web. Duhigg, Charles, and Keith Bradsher. "How the U.S. Lost Out on IPhone Work." The New York Times. The New York Times, 21 Jan. 2012. Web. 02 May 2016. "Exports By Country - 20 Largest Exporting Countries." WorldAtlas. N.p., 27 Oct. 2015. Web. 01 May 2016. Hunt, Albert R. "U.S. Decline Is Campaign Hype, Not Reality." Bloomberg View. BloombergView, 1 May 2016. Web. 01 May 2016. Scott, Robert E. "Manufacturing Job Loss: Trade, Not Productivity, Is the Culprit." Economic Policy Institute. Economic Policy Institute, 11 Aug. 2015. Web. 27 Apr. 2016. "The Service Sector: Projections and Current Stats." Http://dpeaflcio.org/. Department for Professional Employers, 2011. Web. SHALE GAS AND AMERICAN MANUFACTURING: JOBS, GROWTH AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT. Vital Speeches Of The Day [serial online]. June 2013;79(6):187-190. Available from: Academic Search Premier, Ipswich, MA. Accessed April 27, 2016. Wadhwa, Vivek. "The Future of America's Manufacturing Sector."Washington Post. The Washington Post, 6 Mar. 2012. Web. 28 Apr. 2016. |
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"body": "Specialization and Growth in the Services Industry\n\nSince the Industrial Revolution, the American economy has relied upon its manufacturing industry to breathe life into its economy. The early beginnings started with Andrew Carnegie who had a great impact on the manufacturing of steel, providing required materials to satisfy the building of the railroads. John D. Rockefeller had monopolized the oil industry and Henry Ford had perfected the art of mass production consumption by taking advantage of mass consumption. All of these fields are considered manufacturing operations, and through specialization (the method of producing or pursuing a specific final product by mastering the chain of production; or simply having a natural advantage in resources) had been largely successful. These were years before there were other any legislated antitrust laws to prevent these giant manufacturers from colluding and monopolizing the markets through vertical and horizontal integration. \nYears and years later, as the country pulled itself out of the financial meltdown of the Great Depression -with the help of the new federal institutions such as the FDIC, and the Works Progress Administration brought about by Franklin Roosevelt-, World War Two had helped pull the United States onto its feet. This war had kicked the economy in the rear and provided such employment as to surpass the full employment level. The unemployment rate dropped from nearly 10% in 1941, to over half at 4.7% in 1942, and down to just 2% the subsequent year (Slavin). The reason for this was the demand for war supplies in Western Europe and the Pacific. Americans went to work all across the country in factories that had been repurposed to provide essential machinery and equipment for not only American soldiers, but for our allies as well. Government defense spending reached an all-time high, and net exports (the balance between imports and exports) sky-rocketed due to the high demand for war supplies in Great Britain, France, Russia and other allied nations. Millions of men, women and ethnic minorities found themselves a part of the workforce. Between 1939 and 1944, national output of goods and services nearly doubled, while defense spending rose by over 400% (Slavin). The government was forced into rationing food and necessities for Americans, and also instituting price and wage controls to fight possible inflation. At this point during the Second World War the country earned the title of the “Arsenal of Democracy”, turning out roughly 300,000 planes, 100,000 tanks, and 88,000 war ships. During this time America greatly benefited from the mass production techniques outlined by Ford and GM. By specializing in specific production, taking advantage of what is called “economies of scale”.\nThe possibility of mass consumption allows for mass production, adding into the equation a source of efficient capital and resources; which are the underlying factors of economies of scale. America was rich with resources and led the world in capital (plant and equipment, basically factories and required materials). With the gradual occurrence of suburbanization, federally subsidized interstates, local highways and roads, the manufacturing industry was steady and strong. American auto manufacturers returned to producing cars for the growing class of American suburbanites, as well as becoming the world’s leading auto exporter. \nWhen you compare today’s current import/export sector and that of forty years ago, you will find that as a proportion of our entire GDP it has risen dramatically from ten percent to one-quarter (Slavin). Concern about our rising imports stems from our lack of exports, which has been caused by a flood of cheap goods from countries such as China, offshored manufacturing in China which has diminished our output, and demand for necessities such as oil exported by OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries). Our balance of trade suffers a deficit of nearly $700 Billion each year; it has been steadily rising since it turned negative in the late 1970s. We have become a nation of consumers and this trend has been also growing due to the increasing prevalent service industry. “The big change in our economy since World War II has been in the service sector, which now produces over half of what consumers buy. Medicare, education, legal and financial services, and entertainment are some of the fields that have grown rapidly in the last five decades.” (Slavin). \nThere are those who say that America is unable to recover, a great example would be in the 2016 elections, as outlined in Hunt’s article “United States Decline is Campaign Hype, Not Reality”. Making America great again has nothing to do with discrimination and deportation of a potentially vital workforce, as Trump advocates, nor does his military defense card that pulls at the heart strings of die-hard Republicans. The services sector is going to play a major role and is going to be what sustains American jobs for the foreseeable future.\n America ranks number two worldwide, in terms of exports (World Atlas). Even as our nation pulls away from its manufacturing sector, with a net loss of nearly 5 million manufacturing jobs over a ten year span from 2000 – 2014 (Scott). Studies by the CES (Current Employment Statistics) program of the BLS (Bureau of Labor Statistics) have shown a drastic decline in manufacturing jobs since 2000 (Scott). America isn’t where it wants to be, but sure is better off than much of the rest of the world is. America continues to transition further into a service based economy; nearly 80% of all jobs are in the services sector (Department for Professional Employers). The scare of offshored jobs may prove to be a part of this trend, as the next generations of American youth take advantage of higher skilled jobs through an abundance of education opportunities; now being offered to those in lower income families as well. \nAs our mobile app market expands so does the need for the devices in which they are used, and vice versa. Ever since the introduction of marketable applications, having been brought to consumers at the touch of a “button” (touch screen), there has been huge growth in software and electronic devices. This proves how the information services sector is actually creating a demand for electronic devices, not to mention the varieties of technological capabilities being integrated all over as businesses push for higher productivity and to keep up with advanced procedures. Tablets are the next best thing and smart phones have replaced cell phones which used to be a luxury item twenty years ago. Although most of these electronic devices have been manufactured offshore, American companies still make huge profits and their investors and stockholders in America do as well. \nEven Steve Jobs and President Obama had mentioned that manufacturing jobs wouldn’t be coming back, they are low skilled cheap labor jobs. We all enjoy a high standard of living because businesses find ways to cut and reduce costs. Apple products, for example, are highly sought after and affordable as well because of lowered input costs. Everybody enjoys the convenience of Face timing with somebody or using Google Maps for directions.\n The top five growing industries of 2008-2018 have been in the management, scientific, and technical consulting services; computer systems designs and related services; general local government educational services; nursing and residential care facilities; and finally, in employment services (Department for Professional Employers). According to the DPE, “The 10 occupations with the largest projected growth between 2008 and 2018 are in the service sector. In fact, twenty-nine of the top 30 occupations with the largest growth are in the service sector. The top 30 occupations with the fastest projected growth are in the service sector”.\nSome may argue that it is too hard for our country to compete against other countries of which minimum wage requirements are much lower than ours. This is true when it comes to cheap goods, however, our country may specialize in what it excels in, which has been moving towards specialized services. The most competitive industries are in the services sector. America is currently the number one exporter of services, doubling that of the United Kingdom which comes in second. \nInformation technologies will be integrated further into nearly every possible facet. Examples include the medical field, in which new technologies are being applied to change the landscape of life saving methods used in nearly every medical facility; media and software is constantly evolving thanks to our ever growing computer engineering sector; even the automotive industry. Tesla and Google cars are pushing the boundaries through innovation thanks to American ingenuity. All of these fields require maintenance and future progression through the growing of new skilled jobs, which in effect is helping push American occupations away from the manufacturing sector. \nThe business cycle, which is made up of recessions, recovery, and expansions has a much greater impact on manufacturing; on the other hand, services are much less sensitive. The Bureau of Labor Statistics has provided very insightful information regarding the manufacturing losses during the first decade of the 21st century. There had been a steady manufacturing workforce of around 16-18 million from 1970 until 2000. From 2000 – 2010 there was a major downturn as China became the world’s largest exporter, gas prices were on the rise, and the Great Recession in which the housing market collapsed causing a huge loss in demand for construction based supplies. By 2014, the manufacturing workforce was at a despicable 12.3 million (Scott). \n America needs to find a different angle to spur economic stability, and is doing so. We are on the transition to a generation of specialized jobs as demands increase in the fields mentioned above. The health information technology field is going to be in huge demand for workers because of the aging baby boomer generation and is directly related to the healthcare industry which is among the largest expected for growth. An approximate 78 million elders in need of healthcare in terms of nursing, as well as the technical jobs that will be in demand to maintain evolving medical equipment. According the the BSA (also known as the Software Alliance), during 2007, the software and related services had an annual growth of around 14%, compared to the average 2% in all other U.S. industries. \nAmerica will only rise back to its potential through the further growth of skilled services, low skilled manufacturing has found its place overseas. Instead of politicizing what America is lacking, those who care to take pose a stance regarding its economic place in the world need to see the golden opportunities that are taking place and how we can manipulate as well as direct our focus towards growth in the fields we are obviously specializing in. Since few countries will ever be self-sufficient, there needs to be further realization that foreign trade is vital for our economy and that we have our own high paying, and high skilled fields to specialize.\n\n\t\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nWorks Cited\n\n\nBank of Dallas, Federal Reserve. “Opportunity Knocks: Selling Our Services to the World”. 2007 Annual Report.\n\"Software Industry Facts and Figures.\" BSA.org. The Software Alliance, n.d. Web.\n\nDuhigg, Charles, and Keith Bradsher. \"How the U.S. Lost Out on IPhone Work.\" The New York Times. The New York Times, 21 Jan. 2012. Web. 02 May 2016.\n\n\"Exports By Country - 20 Largest Exporting Countries.\" WorldAtlas. N.p., 27 Oct. 2015. Web. 01 May 2016.\n\nHunt, Albert R. \"U.S. Decline Is Campaign Hype, Not Reality.\" Bloomberg View. BloombergView, 1 May 2016. Web. 01 May 2016.\n\nScott, Robert E. \"Manufacturing Job Loss: Trade, Not Productivity, Is the Culprit.\" Economic Policy Institute. Economic Policy Institute, 11 Aug. 2015. Web. 27 Apr. 2016.\n\n\"The Service Sector: Projections and Current Stats.\" Http://dpeaflcio.org/. Department for Professional Employers, 2011. Web.\n\nSHALE GAS AND AMERICAN MANUFACTURING: JOBS, GROWTH AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT. Vital Speeches Of The Day [serial online]. June 2013;79(6):187-190. Available from: Academic Search Premier, Ipswich, MA. Accessed April 27, 2016.\n\nWadhwa, Vivek. \"The Future of America's Manufacturing Sector.\"Washington Post. The Washington Post, 6 Mar. 2012. Web. 28 Apr. 2016.",
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}sensationupvoted (100.00%) @danieltacherra / specialization-and-grwoth-in-the-services-industry2018/05/19 10:53:15
sensationupvoted (100.00%) @danieltacherra / specialization-and-grwoth-in-the-services-industry
2018/05/19 10:53:15
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}moby-dickupvoted (100.00%) @danieltacherra / specialization-and-grwoth-in-the-services-industry2018/05/19 10:43:30
moby-dickupvoted (100.00%) @danieltacherra / specialization-and-grwoth-in-the-services-industry
2018/05/19 10:43:30
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}danieltacherrapublished a new post: remember-postmodernism-is-a-cancer-on-our-college-campuses2018/05/19 10:00:09
danieltacherrapublished a new post: remember-postmodernism-is-a-cancer-on-our-college-campuses
2018/05/19 10:00:09
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}danieltacherrapublished a new post: remember-postmodernism-is-a-cancer-on-our-college-campuses2018/05/19 09:59:09
danieltacherrapublished a new post: remember-postmodernism-is-a-cancer-on-our-college-campuses
2018/05/19 09:59:09
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| body | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postmodernism |
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}danieltacherrapublished a new post: the-food-and-drug-administration-fda-an-essay-on-unresolved-issues2018/05/19 09:46:21
danieltacherrapublished a new post: the-food-and-drug-administration-fda-an-essay-on-unresolved-issues
2018/05/19 09:46:21
| author | danieltacherra |
| body | An Unresolved Issue in the Drug Industry The purpose of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is to regulate the quality and safety of our foods and drugs. The FDA forces regulation on product quality, tests new products determining whether or not that product meets FDA standards, and dedicates itself to research and development in the medical treatment field. As the remaining authority for the drug market, this administration has been the driving force of many significant changes since its founding in 1906. Thanks to the introduction of this branch in government, the American standard regarding quality in our country’s food and drug manufacturing industries has been properly adjusted throughout the years. Although the FDA has been a wonderful contributor to the American society, there is an unresolved issue between itself, congress, and the pharmaceutical industry. This administration is still working on its focus of consumer safety during drug review processes (without compromising approval deadlines), as well as initiating motions through congress that are pro-consumer. The FDA has been increasingly successful in this over the past two decades yet there remains a contradiction. Due to the relationship the FDA has within the context of congress and the pharmaceutical industry, the American consumer market (as well as international consumer markets) have been negatively affected. This administration is strongly focused on paid research and development contracts, but neglects to configure a sensible relationship within the American consumer market. When the health of Americans rests in the hands of greedy monopolistic entities such as the drug manufacturing giants, there will be a less than justified end result. Economically speaking, any monopoly is going to be less efficient than the competitive monopoly. The Drug Price Competition Act and The Patent Term Restoration Act (also known as Waxman-Hatch Act of 1984), allowed generic drug manufacturers to bypass FDA research for approval due to the bioequivalence of these drugs; meaning that it was finally acknowledged through congress that a drug of the same chemical compound would not need to go through rigorous testing to prove its efficacy and use. The problem with this is that there still remains a patent life for pioneer drugs, forcing consumers to endure extremely over-priced drugs for years and years until patent life expires. The Prescription Drug User Fee Act (PDUFA), passed in 1992, initiated funding of the FDA directly by drug companies. Of course there was good reason for this bill; PDUFA requires the rich drug manufacturing companies to pay fees that subsidize FDA programs. This increased funding by a large margin to support a substantial collective of scientific studies. By financially supporting a growing workforce, this significant bill allowed for quicker review deadlines regarding life threating diseases. Review deadlines have been reduced by nearly threefold, from an average review length of two to three years, to under a year. The negative consequences on the other hand, need to be analyzed. Firms that require their products tested and reviewed -for approval to permit marketing- have become sponsors for the drug administration. This (like a multitude of FDA approvals) has had adverse effects; the FDA’s plight between choosing a safe, thorough approval process, approving drugs as soon as possible for the millions of those with rare diseases (eagerly and desperately waiting for the proper drug treatment), and the much needed funding that comes once the approval phase and marketing phase are underway. Sidney Wolfe, director of Public Citizen’s Health Research Group (since its founding in 1971), states that there is an unhealthy relationship between the FDA and the pharmaceutical industry. Wolfe conveys that the FDA tries to avoid conflict, and attempts to please the industry. The industry firms are viewed more as clients than as companies that require regulation (PBS). The pharmaceutical industry lobbies for fast review, it does not lobby for safety, this in itself should tell you something. Actions speak louder than words. The actions are intended for financial purposes, mutually shared interests among the corporate drug world and the Food and Drug Administration. The fearful issue here is that by lobbying to congress, drug manufacturing giants have been successful in using their financial power to bend the rules. Without a profit motive, there is little incentive for manufacturers to pursue the marketing of potential lifesaving drugs. The reality is that people don’t get saved for free, and that a lot of research can go into finding treatments. Drug companies don’t find their place by treating a rare disease, which offers a small consumer market, they go for larger markets. Although, the enactment of The Orphan Act in 1983, finally brought some justice to those with rare diseases (including the AIDS outbreak and the introduction of AZT), giving tax breaks, subsidies, and special exclusivity privileges to “orphan sponsors”. In the summer of this year, CEO Martin Shkreli of Turing Pharmaceuticals fully endorsed his decision to raise the price of Daraprim by over 5,000 percent. The cost for one Daraprim tablet sky-rocketed from $13.50 to $750.00. Mr. Shkreli says he would raise the price even higher, and that due to a capitalistic market he feels he’s in every right (Miller). To ignore the history of FDA interactions would be making a mistake. Not only has the FDA been responsible for dangerous drugs to enter the market, it has also proven to stand-by while further harm is dealt. In the past 10 years there have been 31 incidents where the anti-trust clause The False Claims Act was violated. To no surprise it was the drug manufacturers at fault for illegally attempting to commercially promote uses without FDA approval. There is irony here, for example, FDA restriction on off-label use has always been of a hindrance to the treatment of those with rare diseases. The history of off-label drug use has proved effective; one of the ways that rare ailments may be treated (among those who are in desperate need, consenting under the guidance of their trusted physician), is for a patient to use a drug for a purpose that has yet to be proven effective. Not only are patients forced to cope with less alternatives, stringent regulation on off-label use has been stifling potential trial situations. The industry hand on FDA interactions has proved anti-consumer. FDA staff has already attested to the pressure forced upon them to meet approval deadlines (on non-life saving drugs which is of a higher opportunity cost to market pre-maturely) for funding purposes as well as in acquiescence to the wishes of pharmaceutical corporations; these orders deriving from higher ranking officials. Unfortunately, congressional influences are primarily pro-industry as opposed to pro-consumer, and while the FDA operates under the influence of congressional implementation, this creates the gateway for a problem. PDUFA V was passed in 2015, extending this piece of legislation into late 2017. There is hope for further success in health and safety of drugs; however, the access that patients have to these drugs may be irrelevant as long as these corporate patents exist. The drug application process and its success in reaching much quicker deadlines is only one half of the solution, the affordability of these lifesaving drugs is just as important. Word Count: 1,179 Works Cited "Significant Dates in U.S. Food and Drug Law History." FDA.gov. N.p., 19 Dec. 2014. Web. Kronquist, Amanda Rae. "The Prescription Drug User Fee Act: History and Reauthorization Issues for 2012." The Heritage Foundation. N.p., 21 Dec. 2011. Web. 09 Dec. 2015. Miller, Michael E. "‘Pharma Bro’ Martin Shkreli and the Very American Debate over Maximizing Profit." Washington Post. The Washington Post, 23 Sept. 2015. Web. 09 Dec. 2015. Klein, Daniel B., and Alexander Tabarrok. "FDAReview.org, a Project of The Independent Institute." FDAReview.org, a Project of The Independent Institute. Independent Institute, n.d. Web. 09 Dec. 2015. |
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"body": "An Unresolved Issue in the Drug Industry\n\nThe purpose of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is to regulate the quality and safety of our foods and drugs. The FDA forces regulation on product quality, tests new products determining whether or not that product meets FDA standards, and dedicates itself to research and development in the medical treatment field. As the remaining authority for the drug market, this administration has been the driving force of many significant changes since its founding in 1906. Thanks to the introduction of this branch in government, the American standard regarding quality in our country’s food and drug manufacturing industries has been properly adjusted throughout the years. Although the FDA has been a wonderful contributor to the American society, there is an unresolved issue between itself, congress, and the pharmaceutical industry. This administration is still working on its focus of consumer safety during drug review processes (without compromising approval deadlines), as well as initiating motions through congress that are pro-consumer. The FDA has been increasingly successful in this over the past two decades yet there remains a contradiction. Due to the relationship the FDA has within the context of congress and the pharmaceutical industry, the American consumer market (as well as international consumer markets) have been negatively affected.\n This administration is strongly focused on paid research and development contracts, but neglects to configure a sensible relationship within the American consumer market. When the health of Americans rests in the hands of greedy monopolistic entities such as the drug manufacturing giants, there will be a less than justified end result. Economically speaking, any monopoly is going to be less efficient than the competitive monopoly. The Drug Price Competition Act and The Patent Term Restoration Act (also known as Waxman-Hatch Act of 1984), allowed generic drug manufacturers to bypass FDA research for approval due to the bioequivalence of these drugs; meaning that it was finally acknowledged through congress that a drug of the same chemical compound would not need to go through rigorous testing to prove its efficacy and use. The problem with this is that there still remains a patent life for pioneer drugs, forcing consumers to endure extremely over-priced drugs for years and years until patent life expires. \nThe Prescription Drug User Fee Act (PDUFA), passed in 1992, initiated funding of the FDA directly by drug companies. Of course there was good reason for this bill; PDUFA requires the rich drug manufacturing companies to pay fees that subsidize FDA programs. This increased funding by a large margin to support a substantial collective of scientific studies. By financially supporting a growing workforce, this significant bill allowed for quicker review deadlines regarding life threating diseases. Review deadlines have been reduced by nearly threefold, from an average review length of two to three years, to under a year. The negative consequences on the other hand, need to be analyzed. Firms that require their products tested and reviewed -for approval to permit marketing- have become sponsors for the drug administration. This (like a multitude of FDA approvals) has had adverse effects; the FDA’s plight between choosing a safe, thorough approval process, approving drugs as soon as possible for the millions of those with rare diseases (eagerly and desperately waiting for the proper drug treatment), and the much needed funding that comes once the approval phase and marketing phase are underway. Sidney Wolfe, director of Public Citizen’s Health Research Group (since its founding in 1971), states that there is an unhealthy relationship between the FDA and the pharmaceutical industry. Wolfe conveys that the FDA tries to avoid conflict, and attempts to please the industry. The industry firms are viewed more as clients than as companies that require regulation (PBS). The pharmaceutical industry lobbies for fast review, it does not lobby for safety, this in itself should tell you something. Actions speak louder than words. The actions are intended for financial purposes, mutually shared interests among the corporate drug world and the Food and Drug Administration. The fearful issue here is that by lobbying to congress, drug manufacturing giants have been successful in using their financial power to bend the rules.\n\n \n\n\nWithout a profit motive, there is little incentive for manufacturers to pursue the marketing of potential lifesaving drugs. The reality is that people don’t get saved for free, and that a lot of research can go into finding treatments. Drug companies don’t find their place by treating a rare disease, which offers a small consumer market, they go for larger markets. Although, the enactment of The Orphan Act in 1983, finally brought some justice to those with rare diseases (including the AIDS outbreak and the introduction of AZT), giving tax breaks, subsidies, and special exclusivity privileges to “orphan sponsors”. In the summer of this year, CEO Martin Shkreli of Turing Pharmaceuticals fully endorsed his decision to raise the price of Daraprim by over 5,000 percent. The cost for one Daraprim tablet sky-rocketed from $13.50 to $750.00. Mr. Shkreli says he would raise the price even higher, and that due to a capitalistic market he feels he’s in every right (Miller).\n\tTo ignore the history of FDA interactions would be making a mistake. Not only has the FDA been responsible for dangerous drugs to enter the market, it has also proven to stand-by while further harm is dealt. In the past 10 years there have been 31 incidents where the anti-trust clause The False Claims Act was violated. To no surprise it was the drug manufacturers at fault for illegally attempting to commercially promote uses without FDA approval. There is irony here, for example, FDA restriction on off-label use has always been of a hindrance to the treatment of those with rare diseases. The history of off-label drug use has proved effective; one of the ways that rare ailments may be treated (among those who are in desperate need, consenting under the guidance of their trusted physician), is for a patient to use a drug for a purpose that has yet to be proven effective. Not only are patients forced to cope with less alternatives, stringent regulation on off-label use has been stifling potential trial situations. The industry hand on FDA interactions has proved anti-consumer. FDA staff has already attested to the pressure forced upon them to meet approval deadlines (on non-life saving drugs which is of a higher opportunity cost to market pre-maturely) for funding purposes as well as in acquiescence to the wishes of pharmaceutical corporations; these orders deriving from higher ranking officials. Unfortunately, congressional influences are primarily pro-industry as opposed to pro-consumer, and while the FDA operates under the influence of congressional implementation, this creates the gateway for a problem. PDUFA V was passed in 2015, extending this piece of legislation into late 2017. There is hope for further success in health and safety of drugs; however, the access that patients have to these drugs may be irrelevant as long as these corporate patents exist. The drug application process and its success in reaching much quicker deadlines is only one half of the solution, the affordability of these lifesaving drugs is just as important.\n\n\nWord Count: 1,179\nWorks Cited\n\n\"Significant Dates in U.S. Food and Drug Law History.\" FDA.gov. N.p., 19 Dec. 2014. Web.\n\nKronquist, Amanda Rae. \"The Prescription Drug User Fee Act: History and Reauthorization Issues for 2012.\" The Heritage Foundation. N.p., 21 Dec. 2011. Web. 09 Dec. 2015.\n\nMiller, Michael E. \"‘Pharma Bro’ Martin Shkreli and the Very American Debate over Maximizing Profit.\" Washington Post. The Washington Post, 23 Sept. 2015. Web. 09 Dec. 2015.\n\nKlein, Daniel B., and Alexander Tabarrok. \"FDAReview.org, a Project of The Independent Institute.\" FDAReview.org, a Project of The Independent Institute. Independent Institute, n.d. Web. 09 Dec. 2015.",
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}danieltacherrapublished a new post: specialization-and-grwoth-in-the-services-industry2018/05/19 09:40:51
danieltacherrapublished a new post: specialization-and-grwoth-in-the-services-industry
2018/05/19 09:40:51
| author | danieltacherra |
| body | Specialization and Growth in the Services Industry Since the Industrial Revolution, the American economy has relied upon its manufacturing industry to breathe life into its economy. The early beginnings started with Andrew Carnegie who had a great impact on the manufacturing of steel, providing required materials to satisfy the building of the railroads. John D. Rockefeller had monopolized the oil industry and Henry Ford had perfected the art of mass production consumption by taking advantage of mass consumption. All of these fields are considered manufacturing operations, and through specialization (the method of producing or pursuing a specific final product by mastering the chain of production; or simply having a natural advantage in resources) had been largely successful. These were years before there were other any legislated antitrust laws to prevent these giant manufacturers from colluding and monopolizing the markets through vertical and horizontal integration. Years and years later, as the country pulled itself out of the financial meltdown of the Great Depression -with the help of the new federal institutions such as the FDIC, and the Works Progress Administration brought about by Franklin Roosevelt-, World War Two had helped pull the United States onto its feet. This war had kicked the economy in the rear and provided such employment as to surpass the full employment level. The unemployment rate dropped from nearly 10% in 1941, to over half at 4.7% in 1942, and down to just 2% the subsequent year (Slavin). The reason for this was the demand for war supplies in Western Europe and the Pacific. Americans went to work all across the country in factories that had been repurposed to provide essential machinery and equipment for not only American soldiers, but for our allies as well. Government defense spending reached an all-time high, and net exports (the balance between imports and exports) sky-rocketed due to the high demand for war supplies in Great Britain, France, Russia and other allied nations. Millions of men, women and ethnic minorities found themselves a part of the workforce. Between 1939 and 1944, national output of goods and services nearly doubled, while defense spending rose by over 400% (Slavin). The government was forced into rationing food and necessities for Americans, and also instituting price and wage controls to fight possible inflation. At this point during the Second World War the country earned the title of the “Arsenal of Democracy”, turning out roughly 300,000 planes, 100,000 tanks, and 88,000 war ships. During this time America greatly benefited from the mass production techniques outlined by Ford and GM. By specializing in specific production, taking advantage of what is called “economies of scale”. The possibility of mass consumption allows for mass production, adding into the equation a source of efficient capital and resources; which are the underlying factors of economies of scale. America was rich with resources and led the world in capital (plant and equipment, basically factories and required materials). With the gradual occurrence of suburbanization, federally subsidized interstates, local highways and roads, the manufacturing industry was steady and strong. American auto manufacturers returned to producing cars for the growing class of American suburbanites, as well as becoming the world’s leading auto exporter. When you compare today’s current import/export sector and that of forty years ago, you will find that as a proportion of our entire GDP it has risen dramatically from ten percent to one-quarter (Slavin). Concern about our rising imports stems from our lack of exports, which has been caused by a flood of cheap goods from countries such as China, offshored manufacturing in China which has diminished our output, and demand for necessities such as oil exported by OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries). Our balance of trade suffers a deficit of nearly $700 Billion each year; it has been steadily rising since it turned negative in the late 1970s. We have become a nation of consumers and this trend has been also growing due to the increasing prevalent service industry. “The big change in our economy since World War II has been in the service sector, which now produces over half of what consumers buy. Medicare, education, legal and financial services, and entertainment are some of the fields that have grown rapidly in the last five decades.” (Slavin). There are those who say that America is unable to recover, a great example would be in the 2016 elections, as outlined in Hunt’s article “United States Decline is Campaign Hype, Not Reality”. Making America great again has nothing to do with discrimination and deportation of a potentially vital workforce, as Trump advocates, nor does his military defense card that pulls at the heart strings of die-hard Republicans. The services sector is going to play a major role and is going to be what sustains American jobs for the foreseeable future. America ranks number two worldwide, in terms of exports (World Atlas). Even as our nation pulls away from its manufacturing sector, with a net loss of nearly 5 million manufacturing jobs over a ten year span from 2000 – 2014 (Scott). Studies by the CES (Current Employment Statistics) program of the BLS (Bureau of Labor Statistics) have shown a drastic decline in manufacturing jobs since 2000 (Scott). America isn’t where it wants to be, but sure is better off than much of the rest of the world is. America continues to transition further into a service based economy; nearly 80% of all jobs are in the services sector (Department for Professional Employers). The scare of offshored jobs may prove to be a part of this trend, as the next generations of American youth take advantage of higher skilled jobs through an abundance of education opportunities; now being offered to those in lower income families as well. As our mobile app market expands so does the need for the devices in which they are used, and vice versa. Ever since the introduction of marketable applications, having been brought to consumers at the touch of a “button” (touch screen), there has been huge growth in software and electronic devices. This proves how the information services sector is actually creating a demand for electronic devices, not to mention the varieties of technological capabilities being integrated all over as businesses push for higher productivity and to keep up with advanced procedures. Tablets are the next best thing and smart phones have replaced cell phones which used to be a luxury item twenty years ago. Although most of these electronic devices have been manufactured offshore, American companies still make huge profits and their investors and stockholders in America do as well. Even Steve Jobs and President Obama had mentioned that manufacturing jobs wouldn’t be coming back, they are low skilled cheap labor jobs. We all enjoy a high standard of living because businesses find ways to cut and reduce costs. Apple products, for example, are highly sought after and affordable as well because of lowered input costs. Everybody enjoys the convenience of Face timing with somebody or using Google Maps for directions. The top five growing industries of 2008-2018 have been in the management, scientific, and technical consulting services; computer systems designs and related services; general local government educational services; nursing and residential care facilities; and finally, in employment services (Department for Professional Employers). According to the DPE, “The 10 occupations with the largest projected growth between 2008 and 2018 are in the service sector. In fact, twenty-nine of the top 30 occupations with the largest growth are in the service sector. The top 30 occupations with the fastest projected growth are in the service sector”. Some may argue that it is too hard for our country to compete against other countries of which minimum wage requirements are much lower than ours. This is true when it comes to cheap goods, however, our country may specialize in what it excels in, which has been moving towards specialized services. The most competitive industries are in the services sector. America is currently the number one exporter of services, doubling that of the United Kingdom which comes in second. Information technologies will be integrated further into nearly every possible facet. Examples include the medical field, in which new technologies are being applied to change the landscape of life saving methods used in nearly every medical facility; media and software is constantly evolving thanks to our ever growing computer engineering sector; even the automotive industry. Tesla and Google cars are pushing the boundaries through innovation thanks to American ingenuity. All of these fields require maintenance and future progression through the growing of new skilled jobs, which in effect is helping push American occupations away from the manufacturing sector. The business cycle, which is made up of recessions, recovery, and expansions has a much greater impact on manufacturing; on the other hand, services are much less sensitive. The Bureau of Labor Statistics has provided very insightful information regarding the manufacturing losses during the first decade of the 21st century. There had been a steady manufacturing workforce of around 16-18 million from 1970 until 2000. From 2000 – 2010 there was a major downturn as China became the world’s largest exporter, gas prices were on the rise, and the Great Recession in which the housing market collapsed causing a huge loss in demand for construction based supplies. By 2014, the manufacturing workforce was at a despicable 12.3 million (Scott). America needs to find a different angle to spur economic stability, and is doing so. We are on the transition to a generation of specialized jobs as demands increase in the fields mentioned above. The health information technology field is going to be in huge demand for workers because of the aging baby boomer generation and is directly related to the healthcare industry which is among the largest expected for growth. An approximate 78 million elders in need of healthcare in terms of nursing, as well as the technical jobs that will be in demand to maintain evolving medical equipment. According the the BSA (also known as the Software Alliance), during 2007, the software and related services had an annual growth of around 14%, compared to the average 2% in all other U.S. industries. America will only rise back to its potential through the further growth of skilled services, low skilled manufacturing has found its place overseas. Instead of politicizing what America is lacking, those who care to take pose a stance regarding its economic place in the world need to see the golden opportunities that are taking place and how we can manipulate as well as direct our focus towards growth in the fields we are obviously specializing in. Since few countries will ever be self-sufficient, there needs to be further realization that foreign trade is vital for our economy and that we have our own high paying, and high skilled fields to specialize. Works Cited Bank of Dallas, Federal Reserve. “Opportunity Knocks: Selling Our Services to the World”. 2007 Annual Report. "Software Industry Facts and Figures." BSA.org. The Software Alliance, n.d. Web. Duhigg, Charles, and Keith Bradsher. "How the U.S. Lost Out on IPhone Work." The New York Times. The New York Times, 21 Jan. 2012. Web. 02 May 2016. "Exports By Country - 20 Largest Exporting Countries." WorldAtlas. N.p., 27 Oct. 2015. Web. 01 May 2016. Hunt, Albert R. "U.S. Decline Is Campaign Hype, Not Reality." Bloomberg View. BloombergView, 1 May 2016. Web. 01 May 2016. Scott, Robert E. "Manufacturing Job Loss: Trade, Not Productivity, Is the Culprit." Economic Policy Institute. Economic Policy Institute, 11 Aug. 2015. Web. 27 Apr. 2016. "The Service Sector: Projections and Current Stats." Http://dpeaflcio.org/. Department for Professional Employers, 2011. Web. SHALE GAS AND AMERICAN MANUFACTURING: JOBS, GROWTH AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT. Vital Speeches Of The Day [serial online]. June 2013;79(6):187-190. Available from: Academic Search Premier, Ipswich, MA. Accessed April 27, 2016. Wadhwa, Vivek. "The Future of America's Manufacturing Sector."Washington Post. The Washington Post, 6 Mar. 2012. Web. 28 Apr. 2016. |
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"body": "Specialization and Growth in the Services Industry\n\nSince the Industrial Revolution, the American economy has relied upon its manufacturing industry to breathe life into its economy. The early beginnings started with Andrew Carnegie who had a great impact on the manufacturing of steel, providing required materials to satisfy the building of the railroads. John D. Rockefeller had monopolized the oil industry and Henry Ford had perfected the art of mass production consumption by taking advantage of mass consumption. All of these fields are considered manufacturing operations, and through specialization (the method of producing or pursuing a specific final product by mastering the chain of production; or simply having a natural advantage in resources) had been largely successful. These were years before there were other any legislated antitrust laws to prevent these giant manufacturers from colluding and monopolizing the markets through vertical and horizontal integration. \nYears and years later, as the country pulled itself out of the financial meltdown of the Great Depression -with the help of the new federal institutions such as the FDIC, and the Works Progress Administration brought about by Franklin Roosevelt-, World War Two had helped pull the United States onto its feet. This war had kicked the economy in the rear and provided such employment as to surpass the full employment level. The unemployment rate dropped from nearly 10% in 1941, to over half at 4.7% in 1942, and down to just 2% the subsequent year (Slavin). The reason for this was the demand for war supplies in Western Europe and the Pacific. Americans went to work all across the country in factories that had been repurposed to provide essential machinery and equipment for not only American soldiers, but for our allies as well. Government defense spending reached an all-time high, and net exports (the balance between imports and exports) sky-rocketed due to the high demand for war supplies in Great Britain, France, Russia and other allied nations. Millions of men, women and ethnic minorities found themselves a part of the workforce. Between 1939 and 1944, national output of goods and services nearly doubled, while defense spending rose by over 400% (Slavin). The government was forced into rationing food and necessities for Americans, and also instituting price and wage controls to fight possible inflation. At this point during the Second World War the country earned the title of the “Arsenal of Democracy”, turning out roughly 300,000 planes, 100,000 tanks, and 88,000 war ships. During this time America greatly benefited from the mass production techniques outlined by Ford and GM. By specializing in specific production, taking advantage of what is called “economies of scale”.\nThe possibility of mass consumption allows for mass production, adding into the equation a source of efficient capital and resources; which are the underlying factors of economies of scale. America was rich with resources and led the world in capital (plant and equipment, basically factories and required materials). With the gradual occurrence of suburbanization, federally subsidized interstates, local highways and roads, the manufacturing industry was steady and strong. American auto manufacturers returned to producing cars for the growing class of American suburbanites, as well as becoming the world’s leading auto exporter. \nWhen you compare today’s current import/export sector and that of forty years ago, you will find that as a proportion of our entire GDP it has risen dramatically from ten percent to one-quarter (Slavin). Concern about our rising imports stems from our lack of exports, which has been caused by a flood of cheap goods from countries such as China, offshored manufacturing in China which has diminished our output, and demand for necessities such as oil exported by OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries). Our balance of trade suffers a deficit of nearly $700 Billion each year; it has been steadily rising since it turned negative in the late 1970s. We have become a nation of consumers and this trend has been also growing due to the increasing prevalent service industry. “The big change in our economy since World War II has been in the service sector, which now produces over half of what consumers buy. Medicare, education, legal and financial services, and entertainment are some of the fields that have grown rapidly in the last five decades.” (Slavin). \nThere are those who say that America is unable to recover, a great example would be in the 2016 elections, as outlined in Hunt’s article “United States Decline is Campaign Hype, Not Reality”. Making America great again has nothing to do with discrimination and deportation of a potentially vital workforce, as Trump advocates, nor does his military defense card that pulls at the heart strings of die-hard Republicans. The services sector is going to play a major role and is going to be what sustains American jobs for the foreseeable future.\n America ranks number two worldwide, in terms of exports (World Atlas). Even as our nation pulls away from its manufacturing sector, with a net loss of nearly 5 million manufacturing jobs over a ten year span from 2000 – 2014 (Scott). Studies by the CES (Current Employment Statistics) program of the BLS (Bureau of Labor Statistics) have shown a drastic decline in manufacturing jobs since 2000 (Scott). America isn’t where it wants to be, but sure is better off than much of the rest of the world is. America continues to transition further into a service based economy; nearly 80% of all jobs are in the services sector (Department for Professional Employers). The scare of offshored jobs may prove to be a part of this trend, as the next generations of American youth take advantage of higher skilled jobs through an abundance of education opportunities; now being offered to those in lower income families as well. \nAs our mobile app market expands so does the need for the devices in which they are used, and vice versa. Ever since the introduction of marketable applications, having been brought to consumers at the touch of a “button” (touch screen), there has been huge growth in software and electronic devices. This proves how the information services sector is actually creating a demand for electronic devices, not to mention the varieties of technological capabilities being integrated all over as businesses push for higher productivity and to keep up with advanced procedures. Tablets are the next best thing and smart phones have replaced cell phones which used to be a luxury item twenty years ago. Although most of these electronic devices have been manufactured offshore, American companies still make huge profits and their investors and stockholders in America do as well. \nEven Steve Jobs and President Obama had mentioned that manufacturing jobs wouldn’t be coming back, they are low skilled cheap labor jobs. We all enjoy a high standard of living because businesses find ways to cut and reduce costs. Apple products, for example, are highly sought after and affordable as well because of lowered input costs. Everybody enjoys the convenience of Face timing with somebody or using Google Maps for directions.\n The top five growing industries of 2008-2018 have been in the management, scientific, and technical consulting services; computer systems designs and related services; general local government educational services; nursing and residential care facilities; and finally, in employment services (Department for Professional Employers). According to the DPE, “The 10 occupations with the largest projected growth between 2008 and 2018 are in the service sector. In fact, twenty-nine of the top 30 occupations with the largest growth are in the service sector. The top 30 occupations with the fastest projected growth are in the service sector”.\nSome may argue that it is too hard for our country to compete against other countries of which minimum wage requirements are much lower than ours. This is true when it comes to cheap goods, however, our country may specialize in what it excels in, which has been moving towards specialized services. The most competitive industries are in the services sector. America is currently the number one exporter of services, doubling that of the United Kingdom which comes in second. \nInformation technologies will be integrated further into nearly every possible facet. Examples include the medical field, in which new technologies are being applied to change the landscape of life saving methods used in nearly every medical facility; media and software is constantly evolving thanks to our ever growing computer engineering sector; even the automotive industry. Tesla and Google cars are pushing the boundaries through innovation thanks to American ingenuity. All of these fields require maintenance and future progression through the growing of new skilled jobs, which in effect is helping push American occupations away from the manufacturing sector. \nThe business cycle, which is made up of recessions, recovery, and expansions has a much greater impact on manufacturing; on the other hand, services are much less sensitive. The Bureau of Labor Statistics has provided very insightful information regarding the manufacturing losses during the first decade of the 21st century. There had been a steady manufacturing workforce of around 16-18 million from 1970 until 2000. From 2000 – 2010 there was a major downturn as China became the world’s largest exporter, gas prices were on the rise, and the Great Recession in which the housing market collapsed causing a huge loss in demand for construction based supplies. By 2014, the manufacturing workforce was at a despicable 12.3 million (Scott). \n America needs to find a different angle to spur economic stability, and is doing so. We are on the transition to a generation of specialized jobs as demands increase in the fields mentioned above. The health information technology field is going to be in huge demand for workers because of the aging baby boomer generation and is directly related to the healthcare industry which is among the largest expected for growth. An approximate 78 million elders in need of healthcare in terms of nursing, as well as the technical jobs that will be in demand to maintain evolving medical equipment. According the the BSA (also known as the Software Alliance), during 2007, the software and related services had an annual growth of around 14%, compared to the average 2% in all other U.S. industries. \nAmerica will only rise back to its potential through the further growth of skilled services, low skilled manufacturing has found its place overseas. Instead of politicizing what America is lacking, those who care to take pose a stance regarding its economic place in the world need to see the golden opportunities that are taking place and how we can manipulate as well as direct our focus towards growth in the fields we are obviously specializing in. Since few countries will ever be self-sufficient, there needs to be further realization that foreign trade is vital for our economy and that we have our own high paying, and high skilled fields to specialize.\n\n\t\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nWorks Cited\n\n\nBank of Dallas, Federal Reserve. “Opportunity Knocks: Selling Our Services to the World”. 2007 Annual Report.\n\"Software Industry Facts and Figures.\" BSA.org. The Software Alliance, n.d. Web.\n\nDuhigg, Charles, and Keith Bradsher. \"How the U.S. Lost Out on IPhone Work.\" The New York Times. The New York Times, 21 Jan. 2012. Web. 02 May 2016.\n\n\"Exports By Country - 20 Largest Exporting Countries.\" WorldAtlas. N.p., 27 Oct. 2015. Web. 01 May 2016.\n\nHunt, Albert R. \"U.S. Decline Is Campaign Hype, Not Reality.\" Bloomberg View. BloombergView, 1 May 2016. Web. 01 May 2016.\n\nScott, Robert E. \"Manufacturing Job Loss: Trade, Not Productivity, Is the Culprit.\" Economic Policy Institute. Economic Policy Institute, 11 Aug. 2015. Web. 27 Apr. 2016.\n\n\"The Service Sector: Projections and Current Stats.\" Http://dpeaflcio.org/. Department for Professional Employers, 2011. Web.\n\nSHALE GAS AND AMERICAN MANUFACTURING: JOBS, GROWTH AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT. Vital Speeches Of The Day [serial online]. June 2013;79(6):187-190. Available from: Academic Search Premier, Ipswich, MA. Accessed April 27, 2016.\n\nWadhwa, Vivek. \"The Future of America's Manufacturing Sector.\"Washington Post. The Washington Post, 6 Mar. 2012. Web. 28 Apr. 2016.",
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}danieltacherrapublished a new post: irwin-schiff-explains-how-taxes-have-crippled-our-economy-u-s-a-over-time2018/05/19 09:35:15
danieltacherrapublished a new post: irwin-schiff-explains-how-taxes-have-crippled-our-economy-u-s-a-over-time
2018/05/19 09:35:15
| author | danieltacherra |
| body | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PldyfV8QBcA |
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}steemdelegated 18.136 SP to @danieltacherra2018/05/18 19:07:33
steemdelegated 18.136 SP to @danieltacherra
2018/05/18 19:07:33
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2018/05/18 09:13:54
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2018/05/18 09:13:45
| author | danieltacherra |
| body | https://freedom-school.com/money/how-an-economy-grows.pdf |
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}vashukovupvoted (100.00%) @danieltacherra / usdbnb-breakout2018/04/14 07:38:03
vashukovupvoted (100.00%) @danieltacherra / usdbnb-breakout
2018/04/14 07:38:03
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}danieltacherrapublished a new post: usdbnb-breakout2018/04/13 23:15:03
danieltacherrapublished a new post: usdbnb-breakout
2018/04/13 23:15:03
| author | danieltacherra |
| body | I know that it could already be priced in, but the coin burn could have a nice effect on price right? If we break this barrier the chart looks like we have a nice punch upwards out of the $13.7 area..png) |
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| title | $BNB breakout? |
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}2018/02/13 17:10:30
2018/02/13 17:10:30
| author | hanniepscott |
| body | Such a good idea! We love to go to a place in our town called Qdoba and get basically this same thing but with steak. Its so good, but this is much cheaper! |
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}2018/02/12 20:36:03
2018/02/12 20:36:03
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}tunachumupvoted (100.00%) @danieltacherra / update-the-bulls-came-in-we-pushed-up-into-usd8800s2018/02/12 20:35:42
tunachumupvoted (100.00%) @danieltacherra / update-the-bulls-came-in-we-pushed-up-into-usd8800s
2018/02/12 20:35:42
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danieltacherrapublished a new post: update-the-bulls-came-in-we-pushed-up-into-usd8800s
2018/02/12 20:15:15
| author | danieltacherra |
| body | We remain in the current channel check out the previous posts I made about the two possible targets I had. |
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| parent author | |
| parent permlink | bitcoin |
| permlink | update-the-bulls-came-in-we-pushed-up-into-usd8800s |
| title | UPDATE, the BULLS came in we pushed up into $8800s |
| Transaction Info | Block #19814103/Trx 2cf5173655cfd167495258a85d8ef32ffa176de8 |
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}danieltacherrapublished a new post: bitcoin-channels-using-pitchfork-update-two-potential-targets-short-term2018/02/12 19:13:24
danieltacherrapublished a new post: bitcoin-channels-using-pitchfork-update-two-potential-targets-short-term
2018/02/12 19:13:24
| author | danieltacherra |
| body | Looks like we are either going to find a higher high around 8800s or we will consolidate and find a new higher low, until then it wont be possible to predict the next channel..png) |
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| parent author | |
| parent permlink | bitcoin |
| permlink | bitcoin-channels-using-pitchfork-update-two-potential-targets-short-term |
| title | Bitcoin channels using Pitchfork update (Two potential targets short term) |
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2018/02/12 15:57:30
| author | curlycue |
| body | Grown by seed no they wouldn't surive the winter here |
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| permlink | re-danieltacherra-re-curlycue-grow-them-big-20180212t120907562z |
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2018/02/12 15:45:24
| author | danieltacherra |
| body | this is BTC/USD |
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| permlink | re-danieltacherra-re-itsyeboy-snt-charts-targets-and-upcoming-news-events-to-look-out-for-20180212t154519618z |
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2018/02/12 15:44:42
| author | danieltacherra |
| body | .png) |
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2018/02/12 12:09:15
| author | curlycue |
| body | This was taken in early fall .. And no they wouldn't survive the winters here.. These were just a tiny branch in spring.. We take clippings from our mother plants to make more plants.. |
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2018/02/12 12:06:45
| author | danieltacherra |
| body | do they live through the winter and then bloom year after year? if so how old are they i think thats a cool way to do it. |
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2018/02/12 12:04:57
| author | danieltacherra |
| body | hey i did this when i worked at Dennys, its really good way to avoid the carbs if you use ground beef, cheese, guacamole! LOTS OF FAT |
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}mikhaylaupvoted (100.00%) @danieltacherra / bitcoin-channels-using-pitchfork2018/02/12 11:54:03
mikhaylaupvoted (100.00%) @danieltacherra / bitcoin-channels-using-pitchfork
2018/02/12 11:54:03
| author | danieltacherra |
| permlink | bitcoin-channels-using-pitchfork |
| voter | mikhayla |
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danieltacherrapublished a new post: bitcoin-channels-using-pitchfork
2018/02/12 11:52:24
| author | danieltacherra |
| body | Bitcoin reached my target i had set on the lower resistance line of the bottom channel that its been following since we popped out of 6k..png) |
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| parent author | |
| parent permlink | bitcoin |
| permlink | bitcoin-channels-using-pitchfork |
| title | Bitcoin channels using Pitchfork |
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}steemcreated a new account: @danieltacherra2018/01/30 23:51:15
steemcreated a new account: @danieltacherra
2018/01/30 23:51:15
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