@crystalarts
25Strategic and Project Risk Manager of the year, with 17 years experience across Middle East, Asia and Europe including Iraq and a keen interest in Crypto/AI
steemit.com/@crystalartsVOTING POWER100.00%
DOWNVOTE POWER100.00%
RESOURCE CREDITS100.00%
REPUTATION PROGRESS0.00%
Net Worth
0.007USD
STEEM
0.000STEEM
SBD
0.000SBD
Effective Power
5.001SP
├── Own SP
0.125SP
└── Incoming DelegationsDeleg
+4.876SP
Detailed Balance
| STEEM | ||
| balance | 0.000STEEM | STEEM |
| market_balance | 0.000STEEM | STEEM |
| savings_balance | 0.000STEEM | STEEM |
| reward_steem_balance | 0.000STEEM | STEEM |
| STEEM POWER | ||
| Own SP | 0.125SP | SP |
| Delegated Out | 0.000SP | SP |
| Delegation In | 4.876SP | SP |
| Effective Power | 5.001SP | SP |
| Reward SP (pending) | 0.000SP | SP |
| SBD | ||
| sbd_balance | 0.000SBD | SBD |
| sbd_conversions | 0.000SBD | SBD |
| sbd_market_balance | 0.000SBD | SBD |
| savings_sbd_balance | 0.000SBD | SBD |
| reward_sbd_balance | 0.000SBD | SBD |
{
"balance": "0.000 STEEM",
"savings_balance": "0.000 STEEM",
"reward_steem_balance": "0.000 STEEM",
"vesting_shares": "204.287571 VESTS",
"delegated_vesting_shares": "0.000000 VESTS",
"received_vesting_shares": "7939.372235 VESTS",
"sbd_balance": "0.000 SBD",
"savings_sbd_balance": "0.000 SBD",
"reward_sbd_balance": "0.000 SBD",
"conversions": []
}Account Info
| name | crystalarts |
| id | 784151 |
| rank | 537,964 |
| reputation | 37751249 |
| created | 2018-03-02T12:55:33 |
| recovery_account | steem |
| proxy | None |
| post_count | 7 |
| comment_count | 0 |
| lifetime_vote_count | 0 |
| witnesses_voted_for | 0 |
| last_post | 2018-08-26T22:19:15 |
| last_root_post | 2018-08-26T22:19:15 |
| last_vote_time | 2018-04-22T14:16:51 |
| proxied_vsf_votes | 0, 0, 0, 0 |
| can_vote | 1 |
| voting_power | 0 |
| delayed_votes | 0 |
| balance | 0.000 STEEM |
| savings_balance | 0.000 STEEM |
| sbd_balance | 0.000 SBD |
| savings_sbd_balance | 0.000 SBD |
| vesting_shares | 204.287571 VESTS |
| delegated_vesting_shares | 0.000000 VESTS |
| received_vesting_shares | 7939.372235 VESTS |
| reward_vesting_balance | 0.000000 VESTS |
| vesting_balance | 0.000 STEEM |
| vesting_withdraw_rate | 0.000000 VESTS |
| next_vesting_withdrawal | 1969-12-31T23:59:59 |
| withdrawn | 0 |
| to_withdraw | 0 |
| withdraw_routes | 0 |
| savings_withdraw_requests | 0 |
| last_account_recovery | 1970-01-01T00:00:00 |
| reset_account | null |
| last_owner_update | 1970-01-01T00:00:00 |
| last_account_update | 2018-04-23T07:39:57 |
| mined | No |
| sbd_seconds | 0 |
| sbd_last_interest_payment | 1970-01-01T00:00:00 |
| savings_sbd_last_interest_payment | 1970-01-01T00:00:00 |
{
"id": 784151,
"name": "crystalarts",
"owner": {
"weight_threshold": 1,
"account_auths": [],
"key_auths": [
[
"STM5R9DmGLS9gDQq4h4tfAhjiJncU8LqHuuSriN8CbHjTaJPNFxz1",
1
]
]
},
"active": {
"weight_threshold": 1,
"account_auths": [],
"key_auths": [
[
"STM8HeTQPGDrGZTLkYSqTArv3146MaffoT15Crg2dW84F3BSJh36f",
1
]
]
},
"posting": {
"weight_threshold": 1,
"account_auths": [],
"key_auths": [
[
"STM7US8uGfq3X6RQGH6FphZuDkeCovCZJEYiiwiEAvGYaFUf1LbqE",
1
]
]
},
"memo_key": "STM86mKcUiJSDvCuVSKS2uZZvTE15ztYonEppNzU8rKMnv5TUuh4S",
"json_metadata": "{\"profile\":{\"profile_image\":\"https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQ7NuwUcDoj6jvCfYNo-0OSot0CtX9RNePRdHOPHKKo9aUFTC3I\",\"cover_image\":\"https://www.openaccessgovernment.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/dreamstime_xxl_41287506_plus-coins-1-696x464.jpg\",\"name\":\"AlexLarsen_Risk\",\"website\":\"http://www.baldwinglobal.com\",\"about\":\"Strategic and Project Risk Manager of the year, with 17 years experience across Middle East, Asia and Europe including Iraq and a keen interest in Crypto/AI\",\"location\":\"United Kingdom\"}}",
"posting_json_metadata": "{\"profile\":{\"profile_image\":\"https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQ7NuwUcDoj6jvCfYNo-0OSot0CtX9RNePRdHOPHKKo9aUFTC3I\",\"cover_image\":\"https://www.openaccessgovernment.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/dreamstime_xxl_41287506_plus-coins-1-696x464.jpg\",\"name\":\"AlexLarsen_Risk\",\"website\":\"http://www.baldwinglobal.com\",\"about\":\"Strategic and Project Risk Manager of the year, with 17 years experience across Middle East, Asia and Europe including Iraq and a keen interest in Crypto/AI\",\"location\":\"United Kingdom\"}}",
"proxy": "",
"last_owner_update": "1970-01-01T00:00:00",
"last_account_update": "2018-04-23T07:39:57",
"created": "2018-03-02T12:55:33",
"mined": false,
"recovery_account": "steem",
"last_account_recovery": "1970-01-01T00:00:00",
"reset_account": "null",
"comment_count": 0,
"lifetime_vote_count": 0,
"post_count": 7,
"can_vote": true,
"voting_manabar": {
"current_mana": "8143659806",
"last_update_time": 1779059031
},
"downvote_manabar": {
"current_mana": 2035914951,
"last_update_time": 1779059031
},
"voting_power": 0,
"balance": "0.000 STEEM",
"savings_balance": "0.000 STEEM",
"sbd_balance": "0.000 SBD",
"sbd_seconds": "0",
"sbd_seconds_last_update": "1970-01-01T00:00:00",
"sbd_last_interest_payment": "1970-01-01T00:00:00",
"savings_sbd_balance": "0.000 SBD",
"savings_sbd_seconds": "0",
"savings_sbd_seconds_last_update": "1970-01-01T00:00:00",
"savings_sbd_last_interest_payment": "1970-01-01T00:00:00",
"savings_withdraw_requests": 0,
"reward_sbd_balance": "0.000 SBD",
"reward_steem_balance": "0.000 STEEM",
"reward_vesting_balance": "0.000000 VESTS",
"reward_vesting_steem": "0.000 STEEM",
"vesting_shares": "204.287571 VESTS",
"delegated_vesting_shares": "0.000000 VESTS",
"received_vesting_shares": "7939.372235 VESTS",
"vesting_withdraw_rate": "0.000000 VESTS",
"next_vesting_withdrawal": "1969-12-31T23:59:59",
"withdrawn": 0,
"to_withdraw": 0,
"withdraw_routes": 0,
"curation_rewards": 0,
"posting_rewards": 0,
"proxied_vsf_votes": [
0,
0,
0,
0
],
"witnesses_voted_for": 0,
"last_post": "2018-08-26T22:19:15",
"last_root_post": "2018-08-26T22:19:15",
"last_vote_time": "2018-04-22T14:16:51",
"post_bandwidth": 0,
"pending_claimed_accounts": 0,
"vesting_balance": "0.000 STEEM",
"reputation": 37751249,
"transfer_history": [],
"market_history": [],
"post_history": [],
"vote_history": [],
"other_history": [],
"witness_votes": [],
"tags_usage": [],
"guest_bloggers": [],
"rank": 537964
}Withdraw Routes
| Incoming | Outgoing |
|---|---|
Empty | Empty |
{
"incoming": [],
"outgoing": []
}From Date
To Date
steemdelegated 4.876 SP to @crystalarts2026/05/17 23:03:51
steemdelegated 4.876 SP to @crystalarts
2026/05/17 23:03:51
| delegator | steem |
| delegatee | crystalarts |
| vesting shares | 7939.372235 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #106142028/Trx fa7dd1c9cba034718499f6a3e79810ff0fd22b8a |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"trx_id": "fa7dd1c9cba034718499f6a3e79810ff0fd22b8a",
"block": 106142028,
"trx_in_block": 0,
"op_in_trx": 0,
"virtual_op": 0,
"timestamp": "2026-05-17T23:03:51",
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegator": "steem",
"delegatee": "crystalarts",
"vesting_shares": "7939.372235 VESTS"
}
]
}steemdelegated 3.210 SP to @crystalarts2026/05/11 23:04:15
steemdelegated 3.210 SP to @crystalarts
2026/05/11 23:04:15
| delegator | steem |
| delegatee | crystalarts |
| vesting shares | 5227.161830 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #105970000/Trx 5fc39252693405bbfeb1847c21cd78866475d8da |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"trx_id": "5fc39252693405bbfeb1847c21cd78866475d8da",
"block": 105970000,
"trx_in_block": 0,
"op_in_trx": 0,
"virtual_op": 0,
"timestamp": "2026-05-11T23:04:15",
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegator": "steem",
"delegatee": "crystalarts",
"vesting_shares": "5227.161830 VESTS"
}
]
}steemdelegated 4.883 SP to @crystalarts2026/04/25 22:26:42
steemdelegated 4.883 SP to @crystalarts
2026/04/25 22:26:42
| delegator | steem |
| delegatee | crystalarts |
| vesting shares | 7951.887991 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #105509714/Trx f89e6597363107749412beb884756f9634e953ef |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"trx_id": "f89e6597363107749412beb884756f9634e953ef",
"block": 105509714,
"trx_in_block": 0,
"op_in_trx": 0,
"virtual_op": 0,
"timestamp": "2026-04-25T22:26:42",
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegator": "steem",
"delegatee": "crystalarts",
"vesting_shares": "7951.887991 VESTS"
}
]
}steemdelegated 3.236 SP to @crystalarts2026/01/23 04:37:54
steemdelegated 3.236 SP to @crystalarts
2026/01/23 04:37:54
| delegator | steem |
| delegatee | crystalarts |
| vesting shares | 5268.708649 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #102848014/Trx a1f03ec06578d31fb3aa09f8b6282943f0faa3db |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"trx_id": "a1f03ec06578d31fb3aa09f8b6282943f0faa3db",
"block": 102848014,
"trx_in_block": 1,
"op_in_trx": 0,
"virtual_op": 0,
"timestamp": "2026-01-23T04:37:54",
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegator": "steem",
"delegatee": "crystalarts",
"vesting_shares": "5268.708649 VESTS"
}
]
}steemdelegated 3.336 SP to @crystalarts2024/12/16 23:57:12
steemdelegated 3.336 SP to @crystalarts
2024/12/16 23:57:12
| delegator | steem |
| delegatee | crystalarts |
| vesting shares | 5432.927846 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #91294424/Trx 92102d48ac66c97b5c01c9b8091698aa4fb755e5 |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"trx_id": "92102d48ac66c97b5c01c9b8091698aa4fb755e5",
"block": 91294424,
"trx_in_block": 1,
"op_in_trx": 0,
"virtual_op": 0,
"timestamp": "2024-12-16T23:57:12",
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegator": "steem",
"delegatee": "crystalarts",
"vesting_shares": "5432.927846 VESTS"
}
]
}steemdelegated 3.440 SP to @crystalarts2023/11/13 15:41:27
steemdelegated 3.440 SP to @crystalarts
2023/11/13 15:41:27
| delegator | steem |
| delegatee | crystalarts |
| vesting shares | 5602.061378 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #79848665/Trx 758764576b4c9effc31fe920ff89dc030ba1d6d6 |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"trx_id": "758764576b4c9effc31fe920ff89dc030ba1d6d6",
"block": 79848665,
"trx_in_block": 2,
"op_in_trx": 0,
"virtual_op": 0,
"timestamp": "2023-11-13T15:41:27",
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegator": "steem",
"delegatee": "crystalarts",
"vesting_shares": "5602.061378 VESTS"
}
]
}steemdelegated 5.244 SP to @crystalarts2023/09/21 20:26:21
steemdelegated 5.244 SP to @crystalarts
2023/09/21 20:26:21
| delegator | steem |
| delegatee | crystalarts |
| vesting shares | 8539.340164 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #78346166/Trx d3a7f3ad8269f6edcf9e39405cb908ed178de277 |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"trx_id": "d3a7f3ad8269f6edcf9e39405cb908ed178de277",
"block": 78346166,
"trx_in_block": 0,
"op_in_trx": 0,
"virtual_op": 0,
"timestamp": "2023-09-21T20:26:21",
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegator": "steem",
"delegatee": "crystalarts",
"vesting_shares": "8539.340164 VESTS"
}
]
}steemdelegated 5.380 SP to @crystalarts2022/11/03 10:24:18
steemdelegated 5.380 SP to @crystalarts
2022/11/03 10:24:18
| delegator | steem |
| delegatee | crystalarts |
| vesting shares | 8761.021602 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #69111711/Trx 694793b4d1839cae5cefe6041e46574cbdbdd8dd |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"trx_id": "694793b4d1839cae5cefe6041e46574cbdbdd8dd",
"block": 69111711,
"trx_in_block": 6,
"op_in_trx": 0,
"virtual_op": 0,
"timestamp": "2022-11-03T10:24:18",
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegator": "steem",
"delegatee": "crystalarts",
"vesting_shares": "8761.021602 VESTS"
}
]
}steemdelegated 5.516 SP to @crystalarts2022/01/17 09:46:42
steemdelegated 5.516 SP to @crystalarts
2022/01/17 09:46:42
| delegator | steem |
| delegatee | crystalarts |
| vesting shares | 8981.554833 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #60808008/Trx a92ca7ccb909d017f11d015b394fbe5ec94bce9a |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"trx_id": "a92ca7ccb909d017f11d015b394fbe5ec94bce9a",
"block": 60808008,
"trx_in_block": 22,
"op_in_trx": 0,
"virtual_op": 0,
"timestamp": "2022-01-17T09:46:42",
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegator": "steem",
"delegatee": "crystalarts",
"vesting_shares": "8981.554833 VESTS"
}
]
}steemdelegated 5.628 SP to @crystalarts2021/06/13 23:44:39
steemdelegated 5.628 SP to @crystalarts
2021/06/13 23:44:39
| delegator | steem |
| delegatee | crystalarts |
| vesting shares | 9165.323491 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #54606454/Trx 5fd00da18c10bfdc1e753c8aafb9a5fd07a4357d |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"trx_id": "5fd00da18c10bfdc1e753c8aafb9a5fd07a4357d",
"block": 54606454,
"trx_in_block": 11,
"op_in_trx": 0,
"virtual_op": 0,
"timestamp": "2021-06-13T23:44:39",
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegator": "steem",
"delegatee": "crystalarts",
"vesting_shares": "9165.323491 VESTS"
}
]
}steemdelegated 5.744 SP to @crystalarts2020/12/11 10:05:18
steemdelegated 5.744 SP to @crystalarts
2020/12/11 10:05:18
| delegator | steem |
| delegatee | crystalarts |
| vesting shares | 9352.745465 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #49353958/Trx 05e977dad873e49791c1aee1e3d0662d9557054d |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"trx_id": "05e977dad873e49791c1aee1e3d0662d9557054d",
"block": 49353958,
"trx_in_block": 7,
"op_in_trx": 0,
"virtual_op": 0,
"timestamp": "2020-12-11T10:05:18",
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegator": "steem",
"delegatee": "crystalarts",
"vesting_shares": "9352.745465 VESTS"
}
]
}steemdelegated 1.175 SP to @crystalarts2020/12/06 03:42:27
steemdelegated 1.175 SP to @crystalarts
2020/12/06 03:42:27
| delegator | steem |
| delegatee | crystalarts |
| vesting shares | 1912.543513 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #49205522/Trx b02b0d3b6859e27f9c0621492c92c8bf8134ebea |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"trx_id": "b02b0d3b6859e27f9c0621492c92c8bf8134ebea",
"block": 49205522,
"trx_in_block": 4,
"op_in_trx": 0,
"virtual_op": 0,
"timestamp": "2020-12-06T03:42:27",
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegator": "steem",
"delegatee": "crystalarts",
"vesting_shares": "1912.543513 VESTS"
}
]
}steemdelegated 5.747 SP to @crystalarts2020/12/05 11:39:39
steemdelegated 5.747 SP to @crystalarts
2020/12/05 11:39:39
| delegator | steem |
| delegatee | crystalarts |
| vesting shares | 9359.112104 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #49186628/Trx 7d8f94bfa460923f10d6478ed0fa57c84984e8b4 |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"trx_id": "7d8f94bfa460923f10d6478ed0fa57c84984e8b4",
"block": 49186628,
"trx_in_block": 4,
"op_in_trx": 0,
"virtual_op": 0,
"timestamp": "2020-12-05T11:39:39",
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegator": "steem",
"delegatee": "crystalarts",
"vesting_shares": "9359.112104 VESTS"
}
]
}steemdelegated 1.179 SP to @crystalarts2020/11/02 13:19:21
steemdelegated 1.179 SP to @crystalarts
2020/11/02 13:19:21
| delegator | steem |
| delegatee | crystalarts |
| vesting shares | 1920.017158 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #48255078/Trx abc5fc44353326171130c510f98932203814e1dd |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"trx_id": "abc5fc44353326171130c510f98932203814e1dd",
"block": 48255078,
"trx_in_block": 6,
"op_in_trx": 0,
"virtual_op": 0,
"timestamp": "2020-11-02T13:19:21",
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegator": "steem",
"delegatee": "crystalarts",
"vesting_shares": "1920.017158 VESTS"
}
]
}steemdelegated 5.872 SP to @crystalarts2020/05/09 04:38:45
steemdelegated 5.872 SP to @crystalarts
2020/05/09 04:38:45
| delegator | steem |
| delegatee | crystalarts |
| vesting shares | 9561.758678 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #43215756/Trx 3ed7099897954b1364044f5b4295400a72276d9f |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"trx_id": "3ed7099897954b1364044f5b4295400a72276d9f",
"block": 43215756,
"trx_in_block": 5,
"op_in_trx": 0,
"virtual_op": 0,
"timestamp": "2020-05-09T04:38:45",
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegator": "steem",
"delegatee": "crystalarts",
"vesting_shares": "9561.758678 VESTS"
}
]
}steemdelegated 1.200 SP to @crystalarts2020/05/08 08:05:09
steemdelegated 1.200 SP to @crystalarts
2020/05/08 08:05:09
| delegator | steem |
| delegatee | crystalarts |
| vesting shares | 1953.311140 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #43191660/Trx 5442c763efec6d6f7e109e544cd953b391502172 |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"trx_id": "5442c763efec6d6f7e109e544cd953b391502172",
"block": 43191660,
"trx_in_block": 27,
"op_in_trx": 0,
"virtual_op": 0,
"timestamp": "2020-05-08T08:05:09",
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegator": "steem",
"delegatee": "crystalarts",
"vesting_shares": "1953.311140 VESTS"
}
]
}2020/03/05 04:17:54
2020/03/05 04:17:54
| parent author | crystalarts |
| parent permlink | risk-culture-conversations-episode-1-taking-risk |
| author | steemitboard |
| permlink | steemitboard-notify-crystalarts-20200305t041754000z |
| title | |
| body | Congratulations @crystalarts! You received a personal award! <table><tr><td>https://steemitimages.com/70x70/http://steemitboard.com/@crystalarts/birthday2.png</td><td>Happy Birthday! - You are on the Steem blockchain for 2 years!</td></tr></table> <sub>_You can view [your badges on your Steem Board](https://steemitboard.com/@crystalarts) and compare to others on the [Steem Ranking](https://steemitboard.com/ranking/index.php?name=crystalarts)_</sub> **Do not miss the last post from @steemitboard:** <table><tr><td><a href="https://steemit.com/steemitboard/@steemitboard/use-your-witness-votes-and-get-the-community-badge"><img src="https://steemitimages.com/64x128/https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmTugCUsoXX762vg1CuHRrpnPbfnjPogp8iCGv7F2kSVuj/image.png"></a></td><td><a href="https://steemit.com/steemitboard/@steemitboard/use-your-witness-votes-and-get-the-community-badge">Use your witness votes and get the Community Badge</a></td></tr></table> ###### [Vote for @Steemitboard as a witness](https://v2.steemconnect.com/sign/account-witness-vote?witness=steemitboard&approve=1) to get one more award and increased upvotes! |
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}steemdelegated 5.937 SP to @crystalarts2019/11/01 07:16:30
steemdelegated 5.937 SP to @crystalarts
2019/11/01 07:16:30
| delegator | steem |
| delegatee | crystalarts |
| vesting shares | 9668.157761 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #37787513/Trx c233e047c193080c830b29afdfbf70dc009cedfe |
View Raw JSON Data
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}2019/03/02 14:32:09
2019/03/02 14:32:09
| parent author | crystalarts |
| parent permlink | risk-culture-conversations-episode-1-taking-risk |
| author | steemitboard |
| permlink | steemitboard-notify-crystalarts-20190302t143209000z |
| title | |
| body | Congratulations @crystalarts! You received a personal award! <table><tr><td>https://steemitimages.com/70x70/http://steemitboard.com/@crystalarts/birthday1.png</td><td>Happy Birthday! - You are on the Steem blockchain for 1 year!</td></tr></table> <sub>_[Click here to view your Board](https://steemitboard.com/@crystalarts)_</sub> **Do not miss the last post from @steemitboard:** <table><tr><td><a href="https://steemit.com/carnival/@steemitboard/carnival-2019"><img src="https://steemitimages.com/64x128/http://i.cubeupload.com/rltzHT.png"></a></td><td><a href="https://steemit.com/carnival/@steemitboard/carnival-2019">Carnival Challenge - Collect badge and win 5 STEEM</a></td></tr></table> ###### [Vote for @Steemitboard as a witness](https://v2.steemconnect.com/sign/account-witness-vote?witness=steemitboard&approve=1) and get one more award and increased upvotes! |
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}steemdelegated 6.059 SP to @crystalarts2018/11/26 17:07:18
steemdelegated 6.059 SP to @crystalarts
2018/11/26 17:07:18
| delegator | steem |
| delegatee | crystalarts |
| vesting shares | 9865.633138 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #28043487/Trx 251852beac0f72d4c0f8c9f6aa30947861cf0f7c |
View Raw JSON Data
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}steemdelegated 18.518 SP to @crystalarts2018/08/27 02:15:24
steemdelegated 18.518 SP to @crystalarts
2018/08/27 02:15:24
| delegator | steem |
| delegatee | crystalarts |
| vesting shares | 30154.224229 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #25422281/Trx 9f3fecbb535a5d185aa1cb80e7642b062f956b9f |
View Raw JSON Data
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}orl4ndoupvoted (50.00%) @crystalarts / risk-culture-conversations-episode-1-taking-risk2018/08/26 22:39:15
orl4ndoupvoted (50.00%) @crystalarts / risk-culture-conversations-episode-1-taking-risk
2018/08/26 22:39:15
| voter | orl4ndo |
| author | crystalarts |
| permlink | risk-culture-conversations-episode-1-taking-risk |
| weight | 5000 (50.00%) |
| Transaction Info | Block #25417959/Trx 273bbaf56c46a09d17c71b946598d907b0c60d53 |
View Raw JSON Data
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}crystalartspublished a new post: risk-culture-conversations-episode-1-taking-risk2018/08/26 22:21:06
crystalartspublished a new post: risk-culture-conversations-episode-1-taking-risk
2018/08/26 22:21:06
| parent author | |
| parent permlink | risk |
| author | crystalarts |
| permlink | risk-culture-conversations-episode-1-taking-risk |
| title | Risk Culture Conversations - Episode 1 - Taking Risk |
| body | I recently met up with Vibeke Myras of KontraPro Risk Management to have an exchange of ideas and discussion about Risk Culture. We ended up filming it and enjoying the conversation so much that we decided to share it as a 7 part mini series. This is part 1 of the miniseries - Taking Risks.... It covers aspects such as why Risk is a good thing, where companies tend to go wrong with regards to risk, the importance of understanding organisational risks and a risk appetite and how risk management can ensure success. [youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ilhSx9vs33A&w=560&h=315] |
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}crystalartspublished a new post: risk-culture-conversations-episode-1-taking-risk2018/08/26 22:19:15
crystalartspublished a new post: risk-culture-conversations-episode-1-taking-risk
2018/08/26 22:19:15
| parent author | |
| parent permlink | risk |
| author | crystalarts |
| permlink | risk-culture-conversations-episode-1-taking-risk |
| title | Risk Culture Conversations - Episode 1 - Taking Risk |
| body | I recently met up with Vibeke Myras of KontraPro Risk Management to have an exchange of ideas and discussion about Risk Culture. We ended up filming it and enjoying the conversation so much that we decided to share it as a 7 part mini series. This is part 1 of the miniseries - Taking Risks.... It covers aspects such as why Risk is a good thing, where companies tend to go wrong with regards to risk, the importance of understanding organisational risks and a risk appetite and how risk management can ensure success. [youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ilhSx9vs33A&w=560&h=315] |
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}steemdelegated 6.101 SP to @crystalarts2018/07/23 09:30:36
steemdelegated 6.101 SP to @crystalarts
2018/07/23 09:30:36
| delegator | steem |
| delegatee | crystalarts |
| vesting shares | 9934.017165 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #24423860/Trx 22384d02634d5a3482aadaaab2dae76bf6899632 |
View Raw JSON Data
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}steemdelegated 18.568 SP to @crystalarts2018/07/07 18:49:51
steemdelegated 18.568 SP to @crystalarts
2018/07/07 18:49:51
| delegator | steem |
| delegatee | crystalarts |
| vesting shares | 30235.790425 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #23974491/Trx 478d2ca31edcbfa381c7fbcd6f07b06b5ba5f6ba |
View Raw JSON Data
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}crystalartsupdated their account properties2018/04/23 07:39:57
crystalartsupdated their account properties
2018/04/23 07:39:57
| account | crystalarts |
| memo key | STM86mKcUiJSDvCuVSKS2uZZvTE15ztYonEppNzU8rKMnv5TUuh4S |
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| Transaction Info | Block #21813081/Trx 567e6a678ad7f0ff536b0f715141cb2d2e5e283b |
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{
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}2018/04/22 22:46:33
2018/04/22 22:46:33
| voter | kostikus |
| author | crystalarts |
| permlink | small-countries-compete-for-crypto-as-major-regulators-mull-crackdown |
| weight | 10000 (100.00%) |
| Transaction Info | Block #21802414/Trx 4239f57b4ab9712f382a785cfeae726c5f4c02c4 |
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}2018/04/22 17:06:36
2018/04/22 17:06:36
| parent author | crystalarts |
| parent permlink | small-countries-compete-for-crypto-as-major-regulators-mull-crackdown |
| author | steemitboard |
| permlink | steemitboard-notify-crystalarts-20180422t170638000z |
| title | |
| body | Congratulations @crystalarts! You have completed some achievement on Steemit and have been rewarded with new badge(s) : [](http://steemitboard.com/@crystalarts) You published your First Post [](http://steemitboard.com/@crystalarts) You made your First Vote [](http://steemitboard.com/@crystalarts) You made your First Comment [](http://steemitboard.com/@crystalarts) You got a First Vote Click on any badge to view your own Board of Honor on SteemitBoard. For more information about SteemitBoard, click [here](https://steemit.com/@steemitboard) If you no longer want to receive notifications, reply to this comment with the word `STOP` > Upvote this notification to help all Steemit users. Learn why [here](https://steemit.com/steemitboard/@steemitboard/http-i-cubeupload-com-7ciqeo-png)! |
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| Transaction Info | Block #21795615/Trx a5700ef3327be9f20e1c406d4cfbe4f74da09ff8 |
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}crystalartsupvoted (100.00%) @brunnernathan / cloud-mining-what-are-the-risks-and-how-to-minimize-them2018/04/22 14:29:09
crystalartsupvoted (100.00%) @brunnernathan / cloud-mining-what-are-the-risks-and-how-to-minimize-them
2018/04/22 14:29:09
| voter | crystalarts |
| author | brunnernathan |
| permlink | cloud-mining-what-are-the-risks-and-how-to-minimize-them |
| weight | 10000 (100.00%) |
| Transaction Info | Block #21792467/Trx d2f4f1e86934fae8d761da56db7cd75e7fdb31cf |
View Raw JSON Data
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}crystalartsupvoted (100.00%) @raja-faizan / software-risk-management2018/04/22 14:28:48
crystalartsupvoted (100.00%) @raja-faizan / software-risk-management
2018/04/22 14:28:48
| voter | crystalarts |
| author | raja-faizan |
| permlink | software-risk-management |
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2018/04/22 14:26:00
| parent author | profitgenerator |
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| author | crystalarts |
| permlink | re-profitgenerator-full-risk-analysis-of-bitcoin-20180422t142559732z |
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| body | Great to see more people talking about Risk (and not necessarily in a negative light) |
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}crystalartspublished a new post: small-countries-compete-for-crypto-as-major-regulators-mull-crackdown2018/04/22 14:23:45
crystalartspublished a new post: small-countries-compete-for-crypto-as-major-regulators-mull-crackdown
2018/04/22 14:23:45
| parent author | |
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| permlink | small-countries-compete-for-crypto-as-major-regulators-mull-crackdown |
| title | Small Countries Compete for Crypto as Major Regulators Mull Crackdown |
| body |  I recently contributed to an interesting article in Crypto News about how small countries are enticing ICO's and Blockchain companies.... https://cryptonews.com/exclusives/small-countries-compete-for-crypto-as-major-regulators-mull-1532.htm |
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2018/04/22 14:17:15
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| permlink | re-techtribe-sec-cracks-down-on-crypto-exchanges-20180422t141715056z |
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| body | My article on regulation within crypto and ICOS -https://steemit.com/crypto/@crystalarts/regulation-of-cryptocurrencies |
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}crystalartsupvoted (100.00%) @techtribe / sec-cracks-down-on-crypto-exchanges2018/04/22 14:16:51
crystalartsupvoted (100.00%) @techtribe / sec-cracks-down-on-crypto-exchanges
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2018/04/22 14:16:24
| parent author | zatrhas |
| parent permlink | newslink-china-s-position-on-crypto-likely-to-harden-under-new-pboc-governor |
| author | crystalarts |
| permlink | re-zatrhas-newslink-china-s-position-on-crypto-likely-to-harden-under-new-pboc-governor-20180422t141624652z |
| title | |
| body | my article on Regulation within ICOs and crypto -https://steemit.com/crypto/@crystalarts/regulation-of-cryptocurrencies |
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2018/04/22 14:15:42
| parent author | zatrhas |
| parent permlink | newslink-bermuda-reveals-draft-crypto-regulations-plans-to-embrace-icos |
| author | crystalarts |
| permlink | re-zatrhas-newslink-bermuda-reveals-draft-crypto-regulations-plans-to-embrace-icos-20180422t141543954z |
| title | |
| body | My article on regulation within crypto currencies and ICOS - https://steemit.com/crypto/@crystalarts/regulation-of-cryptocurrencies |
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}crystalartspublished a new post: regulation-of-cryptocurrencies2018/04/22 14:10:33
crystalartspublished a new post: regulation-of-cryptocurrencies
2018/04/22 14:10:33
| parent author | |
| parent permlink | crypto |
| author | crystalarts |
| permlink | regulation-of-cryptocurrencies |
| title | REGULATION OF CRYPTOCURRENCIES |
| body |  According to Reuters: “Japan’s financial regulator said on Friday it had ordered all cyrptocurrency exchanges to submit a report on their system risk management, following the hacking of over half a billion dollars of digital money from Coincheck.” Whilst the whole premise of blockchain technology and crypto currencies revolves around it being essentially unhackable, the exchanges that trade these currencies are vulnerable. The introduction of system risk management (which we assume to be risk management of the software/operating systems and servers) checks is a step forward for the cryptocurrency space although it only covers one area of exposure linked to the cryptocurrency market. History of incidents Crypto currency has been a booming market with increases in some major coins in the high 1000’s of percent over the last year. This rise, coupled with a lack of regulation, has seen the crypto currency world being hit with a number of negative incidents from Ponzi schemes to fraud, scams and hacking incidents. Bitconnect, which as of writing of this article, is trading at roughly $8.60, a huge fall from its height of over $300 a month ago, is an example of a potential major Ponzi scheme which has lost $2.4 billion worth of value over 10 days. The subpoena by US regulators of crypto exchange Bitfinex and its relationship with Tether is another concern to the crypto currency market with many claiming Tether to be a scam. Tethers are tokens backed by US dollar deposits, with each tether always worth one dollar. These tokens should be backed by dollars but thus far the company has yet to provide evidence of its holdings to the public and has not had any successful audits as of yet. There have also been a large number of Initial Coin Offerings (ICO’s), used to raise money for startups by issuing tokens/coins, which have raised vast sums of money only for the owners to disappear with all the money, whilst others have been less deliberate but have been just as devastating to investors. A cryptocurrency called Tezos, raised $232 million last year, but suffered internal power struggles which has left the project in disarray. This brings us to the current concern in Japan of cyber attacks of exchange platforms. Cyber attacks and hacking attempts of exchanges have been frequent with Bitfinex, coinbase and kraken amongst others having been closed down for days at a time during 2017 due to a number of hacking attempts. It is the successful hacking incidents which are the most worrying however, with successful hacks such as MT Gox, which cost almost 350 million and two attacks on Youbit which led to it’s bankruptcy. The most recent coincheck hacking was worth 500 million, a record, and it is this which has caused Japan to act. Regulation  BTCC-Founder-Bobby-Lee-Says-Cryptocurrencies-Need-RegulationLast year, China took a definitive stand on regulation on crypto currencies which sent shockwaves through the market. Some feel it was perhaps heavy handed with ICO’s being banned, bank accounts being frozen, bitcoin miners being kicked out and nationwide banning on the internet of cryptocurrency trading related sites. Others however believe that it has been a positive step, and has encouraged other governments to take regulation seriously and hopefully take a more balanced approach. It certainly isn’t in the interest of governments to stop ICO’s, which provide many positives including innovation, but they should certainly regulate them from a consumer protection, taxation and organised crime standpoint. Implementing regulation also removes uncertainty for investors as well as the companies who are involved in ICO’s. Uncertainty is the source of many risks and often a negative certainty is better than uncertainty as it allows a focus within set parameters. It’s important to remember that too little regulation doesn’t offer protection and too much stifles innovation. How to regulate There are a number of ways to regulate cryptocurrencies and the following are just some examples: 1) Framework for ICOs New ICO’s are currently not subject to much in terms of regulation globally. One of the problems is determining how they should be treated with some being considered securities. As a fund raising vehicle, there could certainly be a framework that lays out key requirements of an ICO such as a company needing to be registered in order to issue a token, transparency in terms of individual members of the registered company as well as perhaps introducing a few requirements that regular IPO’s require such as implementing risk management. Currently in USA, ICOs are expected to adhere to Anti Money Laundering (AML)/Know Your Customer (KYC) practices. 2) Regulate exchanges Exchanges, which is where much of the transactions take place in terms of trading coins, is a logical area of focus when it comes to regulations South Korea’s financial services commission for example, has stated that trading of cryptocurrencies can only occur from real-name bank accounts. This ensures KYC and AML compliance. According to the FSC, the measures outlined were intended to “reduce room for cryptocurrency transactions to be exploited for illegal activities, such as crimes, money laundering and tax evasion,” Regulators should focus on regulation that encourages transparency and minimises anonymity. 3) Tax Laws Clarity needs to be brought into the tax laws in terms of when investors should pay capital gains. The USA has been quite quick to ensure that crypto-to-crypto transactions are now taxable and not just crypto to Fiat currency transactions. This is not the case in the UK however, where things are less clear and will become even more so, once crypto currencies start to introduce dividend like behaviour. 4) Reserve requirements of exchanges Most banks and stock exchanges are required to hold a certain amount in reserves in order to survive any major downturn or crash. This should most certainly be the case for crypto currency exchanges too especially considering the volatility which sees crashes of 60% several times a year with some crypto currencies falling 90% before recovering. This is also known in part as systemic risk which could be what the Japanese financial regulator defines as system risk. 5) System risk management As we have seen from this Japan story, one way of ensuring more protection and reliability is by ensuring there is regulation around system risk management on exchanges. There should be minimum requirements protecting against hacking, phishing and other cyber related attacks. The requirements could be scaled against value of the exchange, number of users or number of daily transactions. It’s important to note that much is being done to reduce the risks of hacking incidents such as the concept of a decentralised exchange. This would essentially be a crypto currency exchange on the blockchain, much like the crypto currencies themselves. This would reduce hacking significantly and whilst it is not currently practical, it could be the standard of the future. Self-Regulation  The Crypto Currency market gets a lot of negative publicity and much of this could be rectified if there was more self-regulation. It would also reduce volatility within the market and bring about positive change. This refers to both exchanges and ICO’s alike. The Japan Blockchain Association (JBA) for example has established self-regulation standards which includes the use of cold wallets amongst its 15 crypto exchange members (of which Coincheck was one of them) and are now looking to strengthen the standards further following this recent incident. I will cover more on this in a separate article. Risk Management in the Crypto Currency Space Risk Management, as with all organisation’s, plays a vital role in meeting and exceeding objectives whilst providing resilience and stakeholder confidence. Exchanges and companies that are raising/have raised ICO’s should ensure that Risk Management is part of their business. Identifying risks and opportunities, assessing them and implementing response plans should be standard. Cyber risks, reputational risks, operational risks, system risks and strategic risks should all be considered and prepared for, which would minimise market disruption and reduce the likelihood of financial ruin. At the very least they owe it to the investors who have funded them. For investors, with volatility so high, the rewards are great but so are the risks. Investors should ensure that they only invest what they can afford to lose, do their due diligence on their investments which includes understanding the technology, the team and look for a prototype rather than a wild concept. Additionally, investors should always be on the lookout for phishing scams and suspicious emails. Finally, even the most optimistic investor should at least consider that cryptocurrencies are a speculative bubble that could burst. Find out more about IRM’s Strategic Insights into Cyber Risk Course and many more here. |
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"body": "\n\nAccording to Reuters: “Japan’s financial regulator said on Friday it had ordered all cyrptocurrency exchanges to submit a report on their system risk management, following the hacking of over half a billion dollars of digital money from Coincheck.”\n\nWhilst the whole premise of blockchain technology and crypto currencies revolves around it being essentially unhackable, the exchanges that trade these currencies are vulnerable. The introduction of system risk management (which we assume to be risk management of the software/operating systems and servers) checks is a step forward for the cryptocurrency space although it only covers one area of exposure linked to the cryptocurrency market.\n\nHistory of incidents\n\nCrypto currency has been a booming market with increases in some major coins in the high 1000’s of percent over the last year. This rise, coupled with a lack of regulation, has seen the crypto currency world being hit with a number of negative incidents from Ponzi schemes to fraud, scams and hacking incidents.\n\nBitconnect, which as of writing of this article, is trading at roughly $8.60, a huge fall from its height of over $300 a month ago, is an example of a potential major Ponzi scheme which has lost $2.4 billion worth of value over 10 days.\n\nThe subpoena by US regulators of crypto exchange Bitfinex and its relationship with Tether is another concern to the crypto currency market with many claiming Tether to be a scam. Tethers are tokens backed by US dollar deposits, with each tether always worth one dollar. These tokens should be backed by dollars but thus far the company has yet to provide evidence of its holdings to the public and has not had any successful audits as of yet.\n\nThere have also been a large number of Initial Coin Offerings (ICO’s), used to raise money for startups by issuing tokens/coins, which have raised vast sums of money only for the owners to disappear with all the money, whilst others have been less deliberate but have been just as devastating to investors. A cryptocurrency called Tezos, raised $232 million last year, but suffered internal power struggles which has left the project in disarray.\n\nThis brings us to the current concern in Japan of cyber attacks of exchange platforms. Cyber attacks and hacking attempts of exchanges have been frequent with Bitfinex, coinbase and kraken amongst others having been closed down for days at a time during 2017 due to a number of hacking attempts. It is the successful hacking incidents which are the most worrying however, with successful hacks such as MT Gox, which cost almost 350 million and two attacks on Youbit which led to it’s bankruptcy. The most recent coincheck hacking was worth 500 million, a record, and it is this which has caused Japan to act.\n\nRegulation\n\n\n\n\n\nBTCC-Founder-Bobby-Lee-Says-Cryptocurrencies-Need-RegulationLast year, China took a definitive stand on regulation on crypto currencies which sent shockwaves through the market. Some feel it was perhaps heavy handed with ICO’s being banned, bank accounts being frozen, bitcoin miners being kicked out and nationwide banning on the internet of cryptocurrency trading related sites. Others however believe that it has been a positive step, and has encouraged other governments to take regulation seriously and hopefully take a more balanced approach. It certainly isn’t in the interest of governments to stop ICO’s, which provide many positives including innovation, but they should certainly regulate them from a consumer protection, taxation and organised crime standpoint.\n\nImplementing regulation also removes uncertainty for investors as well as the companies who are involved in ICO’s. Uncertainty is the source of many risks and often a negative certainty is better than uncertainty as it allows a focus within set parameters.\n\nIt’s important to remember that too little regulation doesn’t offer protection and too much stifles innovation.\n\nHow to regulate\n\nThere are a number of ways to regulate cryptocurrencies and the following are just some examples:\n\n1) Framework for ICOs\n\nNew ICO’s are currently not subject to much in terms of regulation globally. One of the problems is determining how they should be treated with some being considered securities. As a fund raising vehicle, there could certainly be a framework that lays out key requirements of an ICO such as a company needing to be registered in order to issue a token, transparency in terms of individual members of the registered company as well as perhaps introducing a few requirements that regular IPO’s require such as implementing risk management. Currently in USA, ICOs are expected to adhere to Anti Money Laundering (AML)/Know Your Customer (KYC) practices.\n\n2) Regulate exchanges\n\nExchanges, which is where much of the transactions take place in terms of trading coins, is a logical area of focus when it comes to regulations\n\nSouth Korea’s financial services commission for example, has stated that trading of cryptocurrencies can only occur from real-name bank accounts. This ensures KYC and AML compliance. According to the FSC, the measures outlined were intended to “reduce room for cryptocurrency transactions to be exploited for illegal activities, such as crimes, money laundering and tax evasion,”\n\nRegulators should focus on regulation that encourages transparency and minimises anonymity.\n\n3) Tax Laws\n\nClarity needs to be brought into the tax laws in terms of when investors should pay capital gains. The USA has been quite quick to ensure that crypto-to-crypto transactions are now taxable and not just crypto to Fiat currency transactions. This is not the case in the UK however, where things are less clear and will become even more so, once crypto currencies start to introduce dividend like behaviour.\n\n4) Reserve requirements of exchanges\n\nMost banks and stock exchanges are required to hold a certain amount in reserves in order to survive any major downturn or crash. This should most certainly be the case for crypto currency exchanges too especially considering the volatility which sees crashes of 60% several times a year with some crypto currencies falling 90% before recovering. This is also known in part as systemic risk which could be what the Japanese financial regulator defines as system risk.\n\n5) System risk management\n\nAs we have seen from this Japan story, one way of ensuring more protection and reliability is by ensuring there is regulation around system risk management on exchanges. There should be minimum requirements protecting against hacking, phishing and other cyber related attacks. The requirements could be scaled against value of the exchange, number of users or number of daily transactions.\n\nIt’s important to note that much is being done to reduce the risks of hacking incidents such as the concept of a decentralised exchange. This would essentially be a crypto currency exchange on the blockchain, much like the crypto currencies themselves. This would reduce hacking significantly and whilst it is not currently practical, it could be the standard of the future.\n\nSelf-Regulation\n\n\n\nThe Crypto Currency market gets a lot of negative publicity and much of this could be rectified if there was more self-regulation. It would also reduce volatility within the market and bring about positive change. This refers to both exchanges and ICO’s alike.\n\nThe Japan Blockchain Association (JBA) for example has established self-regulation standards which includes the use of cold wallets amongst its 15 crypto exchange members (of which Coincheck was one of them) and are now looking to strengthen the standards further following this recent incident.\n\nI will cover more on this in a separate article.\n\n\nRisk Management in the Crypto Currency Space\n\nRisk Management, as with all organisation’s, plays a vital role in meeting and exceeding objectives whilst providing resilience and stakeholder confidence. Exchanges and companies that are raising/have raised ICO’s should ensure that Risk Management is part of their business. Identifying risks and opportunities, assessing them and implementing response plans should be standard. Cyber risks, reputational risks, operational risks, system risks and strategic risks should all be considered and prepared for, which would minimise market disruption and reduce the likelihood of financial ruin. At the very least they owe it to the investors who have funded them.\n\nFor investors, with volatility so high, the rewards are great but so are the risks. Investors should ensure that they only invest what they can afford to lose, do their due diligence on their investments which includes understanding the technology, the team and look for a prototype rather than a wild concept. Additionally, investors should always be on the lookout for phishing scams and suspicious emails.\n\nFinally, even the most optimistic investor should at least consider that cryptocurrencies are a speculative bubble that could burst.\n\nFind out more about IRM’s Strategic Insights into Cyber Risk Course and many more here.",
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}ax3upvoted (1.00%) @crystalarts / regulation-of-cryptocurrencies2018/04/22 14:10:18
ax3upvoted (1.00%) @crystalarts / regulation-of-cryptocurrencies
2018/04/22 14:10:18
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}crystalartspublished a new post: regulation-of-cryptocurrencies2018/04/22 14:10:06
crystalartspublished a new post: regulation-of-cryptocurrencies
2018/04/22 14:10:06
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| permlink | regulation-of-cryptocurrencies |
| title | REGULATION OF CRYPTOCURRENCIES |
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}2018/04/22 14:03:30
2018/04/22 14:03:30
| parent author | crystalarts |
| parent permlink | regulation-of-cryptocurrencies |
| author | cheetah |
| permlink | cheetah-re-crystalartsregulation-of-cryptocurrencies |
| title | |
| body | Hi! I am a robot. I just upvoted you! I found similar content that readers might be interested in: https://seekingalpha.com/article/4146315-regulation-within-crypto-currency-markets |
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}cheetahupvoted (0.08%) @crystalarts / regulation-of-cryptocurrencies2018/04/22 14:03:27
cheetahupvoted (0.08%) @crystalarts / regulation-of-cryptocurrencies
2018/04/22 14:03:27
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}crystalartspublished a new post: regulation-of-cryptocurrencies2018/04/22 14:03:15
crystalartspublished a new post: regulation-of-cryptocurrencies
2018/04/22 14:03:15
| parent author | |
| parent permlink | crypto |
| author | crystalarts |
| permlink | regulation-of-cryptocurrencies |
| title | REGULATION OF CRYPTOCURRENCIES |
| body | According to Reuters: “Japan’s financial regulator said on Friday it had ordered all cyrptocurrency exchanges to submit a report on their system risk management, following the hacking of over half a billion dollars of digital money from Coincheck.” Whilst the whole premise of blockchain technology and crypto currencies revolves around it being essentially unhackable, the exchanges that trade these currencies are vulnerable. The introduction of system risk management (which we assume to be risk management of the software/operating systems and servers) checks is a step forward for the cryptocurrency space although it only covers one area of exposure linked to the cryptocurrency market. History of incidents Crypto currency has been a booming market with increases in some major coins in the high 1000’s of percent over the last year. This rise, coupled with a lack of regulation, has seen the crypto currency world being hit with a number of negative incidents from Ponzi schemes to fraud, scams and hacking incidents. Bitconnect, which as of writing of this article, is trading at roughly $8.60, a huge fall from its height of over $300 a month ago, is an example of a potential major Ponzi scheme which has lost $2.4 billion worth of value over 10 days. The subpoena by US regulators of crypto exchange Bitfinex and its relationship with Tether is another concern to the crypto currency market with many claiming Tether to be a scam. Tethers are tokens backed by US dollar deposits, with each tether always worth one dollar. These tokens should be backed by dollars but thus far the company has yet to provide evidence of its holdings to the public and has not had any successful audits as of yet. There have also been a large number of Initial Coin Offerings (ICO’s), used to raise money for startups by issuing tokens/coins, which have raised vast sums of money only for the owners to disappear with all the money, whilst others have been less deliberate but have been just as devastating to investors. A cryptocurrency called Tezos, raised $232 million last year, but suffered internal power struggles which has left the project in disarray. This brings us to the current concern in Japan of cyber attacks of exchange platforms. Cyber attacks and hacking attempts of exchanges have been frequent with Bitfinex, coinbase and kraken amongst others having been closed down for days at a time during 2017 due to a number of hacking attempts. It is the successful hacking incidents which are the most worrying however, with successful hacks such as MT Gox, which cost almost 350 million and two attacks on Youbit which led to it’s bankruptcy. The most recent coincheck hacking was worth 500 million, a record, and it is this which has caused Japan to act. Regulation BTCC-Founder-Bobby-Lee-Says-Cryptocurrencies-Need-RegulationLast year, China took a definitive stand on regulation on crypto currencies which sent shockwaves through the market. Some feel it was perhaps heavy handed with ICO’s being banned, bank accounts being frozen, bitcoin miners being kicked out and nationwide banning on the internet of cryptocurrency trading related sites. Others however believe that it has been a positive step, and has encouraged other governments to take regulation seriously and hopefully take a more balanced approach. It certainly isn’t in the interest of governments to stop ICO’s, which provide many positives including innovation, but they should certainly regulate them from a consumer protection, taxation and organised crime standpoint. Implementing regulation also removes uncertainty for investors as well as the companies who are involved in ICO’s. Uncertainty is the source of many risks and often a negative certainty is better than uncertainty as it allows a focus within set parameters. It’s important to remember that too little regulation doesn’t offer protection and too much stifles innovation. How to regulate There are a number of ways to regulate cryptocurrencies and the following are just some examples: 1) Framework for ICOs New ICO’s are currently not subject to much in terms of regulation globally. One of the problems is determining how they should be treated with some being considered securities. As a fund raising vehicle, there could certainly be a framework that lays out key requirements of an ICO such as a company needing to be registered in order to issue a token, transparency in terms of individual members of the registered company as well as perhaps introducing a few requirements that regular IPO’s require such as implementing risk management. Currently in USA, ICOs are expected to adhere to Anti Money Laundering (AML)/Know Your Customer (KYC) practices. 2) Regulate exchanges Exchanges, which is where much of the transactions take place in terms of trading coins, is a logical area of focus when it comes to regulations South Korea’s financial services commission for example, has stated that trading of cryptocurrencies can only occur from real-name bank accounts. This ensures KYC and AML compliance. According to the FSC, the measures outlined were intended to “reduce room for cryptocurrency transactions to be exploited for illegal activities, such as crimes, money laundering and tax evasion,” Regulators should focus on regulation that encourages transparency and minimises anonymity. 3) Tax Laws Clarity needs to be brought into the tax laws in terms of when investors should pay capital gains. The USA has been quite quick to ensure that crypto-to-crypto transactions are now taxable and not just crypto to Fiat currency transactions. This is not the case in the UK however, where things are less clear and will become even more so, once crypto currencies start to introduce dividend like behaviour. 4) Reserve requirements of exchanges Most banks and stock exchanges are required to hold a certain amount in reserves in order to survive any major downturn or crash. This should most certainly be the case for crypto currency exchanges too especially considering the volatility which sees crashes of 60% several times a year with some crypto currencies falling 90% before recovering. This is also known in part as systemic risk which could be what the Japanese financial regulator defines as system risk. 5) System risk management As we have seen from this Japan story, one way of ensuring more protection and reliability is by ensuring there is regulation around system risk management on exchanges. There should be minimum requirements protecting against hacking, phishing and other cyber related attacks. The requirements could be scaled against value of the exchange, number of users or number of daily transactions. It’s important to note that much is being done to reduce the risks of hacking incidents such as the concept of a decentralised exchange. This would essentially be a crypto currency exchange on the blockchain, much like the crypto currencies themselves. This would reduce hacking significantly and whilst it is not currently practical, it could be the standard of the future. Self-Regulation government-regulation The Crypto Currency market gets a lot of negative publicity and much of this could be rectified if there was more self-regulation. It would also reduce volatility within the market and bring about positive change. This refers to both exchanges and ICO’s alike. The Japan Blockchain Association (JBA) for example has established self-regulation standards which includes the use of cold wallets amongst its 15 crypto exchange members (of which Coincheck was one of them) and are now looking to strengthen the standards further following this recent incident. I will cover more on this in a separate article. Risk Management in the Crypto Currency Space Risk Management, as with all organisation’s, plays a vital role in meeting and exceeding objectives whilst providing resilience and stakeholder confidence. Exchanges and companies that are raising/have raised ICO’s should ensure that Risk Management is part of their business. Identifying risks and opportunities, assessing them and implementing response plans should be standard. Cyber risks, reputational risks, operational risks, system risks and strategic risks should all be considered and prepared for, which would minimise market disruption and reduce the likelihood of financial ruin. At the very least they owe it to the investors who have funded them. For investors, with volatility so high, the rewards are great but so are the risks. Investors should ensure that they only invest what they can afford to lose, do their due diligence on their investments which includes understanding the technology, the team and look for a prototype rather than a wild concept. Additionally, investors should always be on the lookout for phishing scams and suspicious emails. Finally, even the most optimistic investor should at least consider that cryptocurrencies are a speculative bubble that could burst. Find out more about IRM’s Strategic Insights into Cyber Risk Course and many more here. |
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"body": "According to Reuters: “Japan’s financial regulator said on Friday it had ordered all cyrptocurrency exchanges to submit a report on their system risk management, following the hacking of over half a billion dollars of digital money from Coincheck.”\n\nWhilst the whole premise of blockchain technology and crypto currencies revolves around it being essentially unhackable, the exchanges that trade these currencies are vulnerable. The introduction of system risk management (which we assume to be risk management of the software/operating systems and servers) checks is a step forward for the cryptocurrency space although it only covers one area of exposure linked to the cryptocurrency market.\n\nHistory of incidents\n\nCrypto currency has been a booming market with increases in some major coins in the high 1000’s of percent over the last year. This rise, coupled with a lack of regulation, has seen the crypto currency world being hit with a number of negative incidents from Ponzi schemes to fraud, scams and hacking incidents.\n\nBitconnect, which as of writing of this article, is trading at roughly $8.60, a huge fall from its height of over $300 a month ago, is an example of a potential major Ponzi scheme which has lost $2.4 billion worth of value over 10 days.\n\nThe subpoena by US regulators of crypto exchange Bitfinex and its relationship with Tether is another concern to the crypto currency market with many claiming Tether to be a scam. Tethers are tokens backed by US dollar deposits, with each tether always worth one dollar. These tokens should be backed by dollars but thus far the company has yet to provide evidence of its holdings to the public and has not had any successful audits as of yet.\n\nThere have also been a large number of Initial Coin Offerings (ICO’s), used to raise money for startups by issuing tokens/coins, which have raised vast sums of money only for the owners to disappear with all the money, whilst others have been less deliberate but have been just as devastating to investors. A cryptocurrency called Tezos, raised $232 million last year, but suffered internal power struggles which has left the project in disarray.\n\nThis brings us to the current concern in Japan of cyber attacks of exchange platforms. Cyber attacks and hacking attempts of exchanges have been frequent with Bitfinex, coinbase and kraken amongst others having been closed down for days at a time during 2017 due to a number of hacking attempts. It is the successful hacking incidents which are the most worrying however, with successful hacks such as MT Gox, which cost almost 350 million and two attacks on Youbit which led to it’s bankruptcy. The most recent coincheck hacking was worth 500 million, a record, and it is this which has caused Japan to act.\n\nRegulation\n\nBTCC-Founder-Bobby-Lee-Says-Cryptocurrencies-Need-RegulationLast year, China took a definitive stand on regulation on crypto currencies which sent shockwaves through the market. Some feel it was perhaps heavy handed with ICO’s being banned, bank accounts being frozen, bitcoin miners being kicked out and nationwide banning on the internet of cryptocurrency trading related sites. Others however believe that it has been a positive step, and has encouraged other governments to take regulation seriously and hopefully take a more balanced approach. It certainly isn’t in the interest of governments to stop ICO’s, which provide many positives including innovation, but they should certainly regulate them from a consumer protection, taxation and organised crime standpoint.\n\nImplementing regulation also removes uncertainty for investors as well as the companies who are involved in ICO’s. Uncertainty is the source of many risks and often a negative certainty is better than uncertainty as it allows a focus within set parameters.\n\nIt’s important to remember that too little regulation doesn’t offer protection and too much stifles innovation.\n\nHow to regulate\n\nThere are a number of ways to regulate cryptocurrencies and the following are just some examples:\n\n1) Framework for ICOs\n\nNew ICO’s are currently not subject to much in terms of regulation globally. One of the problems is determining how they should be treated with some being considered securities. As a fund raising vehicle, there could certainly be a framework that lays out key requirements of an ICO such as a company needing to be registered in order to issue a token, transparency in terms of individual members of the registered company as well as perhaps introducing a few requirements that regular IPO’s require such as implementing risk management. Currently in USA, ICOs are expected to adhere to Anti Money Laundering (AML)/Know Your Customer (KYC) practices.\n\n2) Regulate exchanges\n\nExchanges, which is where much of the transactions take place in terms of trading coins, is a logical area of focus when it comes to regulations\n\nSouth Korea’s financial services commission for example, has stated that trading of cryptocurrencies can only occur from real-name bank accounts. This ensures KYC and AML compliance. According to the FSC, the measures outlined were intended to “reduce room for cryptocurrency transactions to be exploited for illegal activities, such as crimes, money laundering and tax evasion,”\n\nRegulators should focus on regulation that encourages transparency and minimises anonymity.\n\n3) Tax Laws\n\nClarity needs to be brought into the tax laws in terms of when investors should pay capital gains. The USA has been quite quick to ensure that crypto-to-crypto transactions are now taxable and not just crypto to Fiat currency transactions. This is not the case in the UK however, where things are less clear and will become even more so, once crypto currencies start to introduce dividend like behaviour.\n\n4) Reserve requirements of exchanges\n\nMost banks and stock exchanges are required to hold a certain amount in reserves in order to survive any major downturn or crash. This should most certainly be the case for crypto currency exchanges too especially considering the volatility which sees crashes of 60% several times a year with some crypto currencies falling 90% before recovering. This is also known in part as systemic risk which could be what the Japanese financial regulator defines as system risk.\n\n5) System risk management\n\nAs we have seen from this Japan story, one way of ensuring more protection and reliability is by ensuring there is regulation around system risk management on exchanges. There should be minimum requirements protecting against hacking, phishing and other cyber related attacks. The requirements could be scaled against value of the exchange, number of users or number of daily transactions.\n\nIt’s important to note that much is being done to reduce the risks of hacking incidents such as the concept of a decentralised exchange. This would essentially be a crypto currency exchange on the blockchain, much like the crypto currencies themselves. This would reduce hacking significantly and whilst it is not currently practical, it could be the standard of the future.\n\nSelf-Regulation\n\ngovernment-regulation\n\nThe Crypto Currency market gets a lot of negative publicity and much of this could be rectified if there was more self-regulation. It would also reduce volatility within the market and bring about positive change. This refers to both exchanges and ICO’s alike.\n\nThe Japan Blockchain Association (JBA) for example has established self-regulation standards which includes the use of cold wallets amongst its 15 crypto exchange members (of which Coincheck was one of them) and are now looking to strengthen the standards further following this recent incident.\n\nI will cover more on this in a separate article.\n\nRisk Management in the Crypto Currency Space\n\nRisk Management, as with all organisation’s, plays a vital role in meeting and exceeding objectives whilst providing resilience and stakeholder confidence. Exchanges and companies that are raising/have raised ICO’s should ensure that Risk Management is part of their business. Identifying risks and opportunities, assessing them and implementing response plans should be standard. Cyber risks, reputational risks, operational risks, system risks and strategic risks should all be considered and prepared for, which would minimise market disruption and reduce the likelihood of financial ruin. At the very least they owe it to the investors who have funded them.\n\nFor investors, with volatility so high, the rewards are great but so are the risks. Investors should ensure that they only invest what they can afford to lose, do their due diligence on their investments which includes understanding the technology, the team and look for a prototype rather than a wild concept. Additionally, investors should always be on the lookout for phishing scams and suspicious emails.\n\nFinally, even the most optimistic investor should at least consider that cryptocurrencies are a speculative bubble that could burst.\n\nFind out more about IRM’s Strategic Insights into Cyber Risk Course and many more here.",
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}crystalartsupdated their account properties2018/04/22 14:01:51
crystalartsupdated their account properties
2018/04/22 14:01:51
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]
}steemdelegated 18.693 SP to @crystalarts2018/03/02 13:53:03
steemdelegated 18.693 SP to @crystalarts
2018/03/02 13:53:03
| delegator | steem |
| delegatee | crystalarts |
| vesting shares | 30438.787903 VESTS |
| Transaction Info | Block #20324455/Trx 3ec00745464dc2c4af37e087f2dde8f364fccd29 |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"trx_id": "3ec00745464dc2c4af37e087f2dde8f364fccd29",
"block": 20324455,
"trx_in_block": 9,
"op_in_trx": 0,
"virtual_op": 0,
"timestamp": "2018-03-02T13:53:03",
"op": [
"delegate_vesting_shares",
{
"delegator": "steem",
"delegatee": "crystalarts",
"vesting_shares": "30438.787903 VESTS"
}
]
}steemcreated a new account: @crystalarts2018/03/02 12:55:33
steemcreated a new account: @crystalarts
2018/03/02 12:55:33
| fee | 0.100 STEEM |
| delegation | 30690.000000 VESTS |
| creator | steem |
| new account name | crystalarts |
| owner | {"weight_threshold":1,"account_auths":[],"key_auths":[["STM5R9DmGLS9gDQq4h4tfAhjiJncU8LqHuuSriN8CbHjTaJPNFxz1",1]]} |
| active | {"weight_threshold":1,"account_auths":[],"key_auths":[["STM8HeTQPGDrGZTLkYSqTArv3146MaffoT15Crg2dW84F3BSJh36f",1]]} |
| posting | {"weight_threshold":1,"account_auths":[],"key_auths":[["STM7US8uGfq3X6RQGH6FphZuDkeCovCZJEYiiwiEAvGYaFUf1LbqE",1]]} |
| memo key | STM86mKcUiJSDvCuVSKS2uZZvTE15ztYonEppNzU8rKMnv5TUuh4S |
| json metadata | {} |
| extensions | [] |
| Transaction Info | Block #20323305/Trx eecff73b034ff6f747fd1c4b84408c6a34aab826 |
View Raw JSON Data
{
"trx_id": "eecff73b034ff6f747fd1c4b84408c6a34aab826",
"block": 20323305,
"trx_in_block": 68,
"op_in_trx": 0,
"virtual_op": 0,
"timestamp": "2018-03-02T12:55:33",
"op": [
"account_create_with_delegation",
{
"fee": "0.100 STEEM",
"delegation": "30690.000000 VESTS",
"creator": "steem",
"new_account_name": "crystalarts",
"owner": {
"weight_threshold": 1,
"account_auths": [],
"key_auths": [
[
"STM5R9DmGLS9gDQq4h4tfAhjiJncU8LqHuuSriN8CbHjTaJPNFxz1",
1
]
]
},
"active": {
"weight_threshold": 1,
"account_auths": [],
"key_auths": [
[
"STM8HeTQPGDrGZTLkYSqTArv3146MaffoT15Crg2dW84F3BSJh36f",
1
]
]
},
"posting": {
"weight_threshold": 1,
"account_auths": [],
"key_auths": [
[
"STM7US8uGfq3X6RQGH6FphZuDkeCovCZJEYiiwiEAvGYaFUf1LbqE",
1
]
]
},
"memo_key": "STM86mKcUiJSDvCuVSKS2uZZvTE15ztYonEppNzU8rKMnv5TUuh4S",
"json_metadata": "{}",
"extensions": []
}
]
}Manabar
Voting Power100.00%
Downvote Power100.00%
Resource Credits100.00%
Reputation Progress0.00%
{
"voting_manabar": {
"current_mana": "8143659806",
"last_update_time": 1779059031
},
"downvote_manabar": {
"current_mana": 2035914951,
"last_update_time": 1779059031
},
"rc_account": {
"account": "crystalarts",
"rc_manabar": {
"current_mana": "10164408779",
"last_update_time": 1779059031
},
"max_rc_creation_adjustment": {
"amount": "2020748973",
"precision": 6,
"nai": "@@000000037"
},
"max_rc": "10164408779"
}
}Account Metadata
| POSTING JSON METADATA | |
| profile | {"profile_image":"https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQ7NuwUcDoj6jvCfYNo-0OSot0CtX9RNePRdHOPHKKo9aUFTC3I","cover_image":"https://www.openaccessgovernment.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/dreamstime_xxl_41287506_plus-coins-1-696x464.jpg","name":"AlexLarsen_Risk","website":"http://www.baldwinglobal.com","about":"Strategic and Project Risk Manager of the year, with 17 years experience across Middle East, Asia and Europe including Iraq and a keen interest in Crypto/AI","location":"United Kingdom"} |
| JSON METADATA | |
| profile | {"profile_image":"https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQ7NuwUcDoj6jvCfYNo-0OSot0CtX9RNePRdHOPHKKo9aUFTC3I","cover_image":"https://www.openaccessgovernment.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/dreamstime_xxl_41287506_plus-coins-1-696x464.jpg","name":"AlexLarsen_Risk","website":"http://www.baldwinglobal.com","about":"Strategic and Project Risk Manager of the year, with 17 years experience across Middle East, Asia and Europe including Iraq and a keen interest in Crypto/AI","location":"United Kingdom"} |
{
"posting_json_metadata": {
"profile": {
"profile_image": "https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQ7NuwUcDoj6jvCfYNo-0OSot0CtX9RNePRdHOPHKKo9aUFTC3I",
"cover_image": "https://www.openaccessgovernment.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/dreamstime_xxl_41287506_plus-coins-1-696x464.jpg",
"name": "AlexLarsen_Risk",
"website": "http://www.baldwinglobal.com",
"about": "Strategic and Project Risk Manager of the year, with 17 years experience across Middle East, Asia and Europe including Iraq and a keen interest in Crypto/AI",
"location": "United Kingdom"
}
},
"json_metadata": {
"profile": {
"profile_image": "https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQ7NuwUcDoj6jvCfYNo-0OSot0CtX9RNePRdHOPHKKo9aUFTC3I",
"cover_image": "https://www.openaccessgovernment.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/dreamstime_xxl_41287506_plus-coins-1-696x464.jpg",
"name": "AlexLarsen_Risk",
"website": "http://www.baldwinglobal.com",
"about": "Strategic and Project Risk Manager of the year, with 17 years experience across Middle East, Asia and Europe including Iraq and a keen interest in Crypto/AI",
"location": "United Kingdom"
}
}
}Auth Keys
Owner
Single Signature
Public Keys
STM5R9DmGLS9gDQq4h4tfAhjiJncU8LqHuuSriN8CbHjTaJPNFxz11/1
Active
Single Signature
Public Keys
STM8HeTQPGDrGZTLkYSqTArv3146MaffoT15Crg2dW84F3BSJh36f1/1
Posting
Single Signature
Public Keys
STM7US8uGfq3X6RQGH6FphZuDkeCovCZJEYiiwiEAvGYaFUf1LbqE1/1
Memo
STM86mKcUiJSDvCuVSKS2uZZvTE15ztYonEppNzU8rKMnv5TUuh4S
{
"owner": {
"weight_threshold": 1,
"account_auths": [],
"key_auths": [
[
"STM5R9DmGLS9gDQq4h4tfAhjiJncU8LqHuuSriN8CbHjTaJPNFxz1",
1
]
]
},
"active": {
"weight_threshold": 1,
"account_auths": [],
"key_auths": [
[
"STM8HeTQPGDrGZTLkYSqTArv3146MaffoT15Crg2dW84F3BSJh36f",
1
]
]
},
"posting": {
"weight_threshold": 1,
"account_auths": [],
"key_auths": [
[
"STM7US8uGfq3X6RQGH6FphZuDkeCovCZJEYiiwiEAvGYaFUf1LbqE",
1
]
]
},
"memo": "STM86mKcUiJSDvCuVSKS2uZZvTE15ztYonEppNzU8rKMnv5TUuh4S"
}Witness Votes
0 / 30
No active witness votes.
[]