Ecoer Logo
VOTING POWER100.00%
DOWNVOTE POWER100.00%
RESOURCE CREDITS100.00%
REPUTATION PROGRESS0.00%
Net Worth
0.034USD
STEEM
0.000STEEM
SBD
0.000SBD
Effective Power
5.001SP
├── Own SP
0.631SP
└── Incoming Deleg
+4.369SP

Detailed Balance

STEEM
balance
0.000STEEM
market_balance
0.000STEEM
savings_balance
0.000STEEM
reward_steem_balance
0.000STEEM
STEEM POWER
Own SP
0.631SP
Delegated Out
0.000SP
Delegation In
4.369SP
Effective Power
5.001SP
Reward SP (pending)
0.000SP
SBD
sbd_balance
0.000SBD
sbd_conversions
0.000SBD
sbd_market_balance
0.000SBD
savings_sbd_balance
0.000SBD
reward_sbd_balance
0.000SBD
{
  "balance": "0.000 STEEM",
  "savings_balance": "0.000 STEEM",
  "reward_steem_balance": "0.000 STEEM",
  "vesting_shares": "1028.329995 VESTS",
  "delegated_vesting_shares": "0.000000 VESTS",
  "received_vesting_shares": "7115.329811 VESTS",
  "sbd_balance": "0.000 SBD",
  "savings_sbd_balance": "0.000 SBD",
  "reward_sbd_balance": "0.000 SBD",
  "conversions": []
}

Account Info

namebenmarvel
id417242
rank1,420,852
reputation57668498
created2017-10-21T05:32:36
recovery_accountsteem
proxyNone
post_count2
comment_count0
lifetime_vote_count0
witnesses_voted_for30
last_post2017-11-09T08:56:27
last_root_post2017-11-09T08:56:27
last_vote_time1970-01-01T00:00:00
proxied_vsf_votes0, 0, 0, 0
can_vote1
voting_power0
delayed_votes0
balance0.000 STEEM
savings_balance0.000 STEEM
sbd_balance0.000 SBD
savings_sbd_balance0.000 SBD
vesting_shares1028.329995 VESTS
delegated_vesting_shares0.000000 VESTS
received_vesting_shares7115.329811 VESTS
reward_vesting_balance0.000000 VESTS
vesting_balance0.000 STEEM
vesting_withdraw_rate0.000000 VESTS
next_vesting_withdrawal1969-12-31T23:59:59
withdrawn0
to_withdraw0
withdraw_routes0
savings_withdraw_requests0
last_account_recovery1970-01-01T00:00:00
reset_accountnull
last_owner_update1970-01-01T00:00:00
last_account_update2017-11-06T04:47:15
minedNo
sbd_seconds0
sbd_last_interest_payment1970-01-01T00:00:00
savings_sbd_last_interest_payment1970-01-01T00:00:00
{
  "id": 417242,
  "name": "benmarvel",
  "owner": {
    "weight_threshold": 1,
    "account_auths": [],
    "key_auths": [
      [
        "STM6Lz8jBKdMKHkLp72SV7h2tRpt9kPZnrGps6R6mmvZQXjXtP7KS",
        1
      ]
    ]
  },
  "active": {
    "weight_threshold": 1,
    "account_auths": [],
    "key_auths": [
      [
        "STM7P5Qna7aTBvUEzFoDwRBNxcY71gNJYtjhUzKhTGgcLcE1Roefk",
        1
      ]
    ]
  },
  "posting": {
    "weight_threshold": 1,
    "account_auths": [],
    "key_auths": [
      [
        "STM7XkbHDVNyvtHRL99CXiBR8rndoXMX95w1q4rshdMvBYxwjDyLJ",
        1
      ]
    ]
  },
  "memo_key": "STM7L71SSzKkvdZ2Zg3qRrXnARuxAZ839ZQM6mPYqJ1SbLy7NR4t3",
  "json_metadata": "{\"profile\":{\"name\":\"Benmarvel\",\"location\":\"Biafra\",\"website\":\"https://primpost.com.ng\"}}",
  "posting_json_metadata": "{\"profile\":{\"name\":\"Benmarvel\",\"location\":\"Biafra\",\"website\":\"https://primpost.com.ng\"}}",
  "proxy": "",
  "last_owner_update": "1970-01-01T00:00:00",
  "last_account_update": "2017-11-06T04:47:15",
  "created": "2017-10-21T05:32:36",
  "mined": false,
  "recovery_account": "steem",
  "last_account_recovery": "1970-01-01T00:00:00",
  "reset_account": "null",
  "comment_count": 0,
  "lifetime_vote_count": 0,
  "post_count": 2,
  "can_vote": true,
  "voting_manabar": {
    "current_mana": "8143659806",
    "last_update_time": 1779055173
  },
  "downvote_manabar": {
    "current_mana": 2035914951,
    "last_update_time": 1779055173
  },
  "voting_power": 0,
  "balance": "0.000 STEEM",
  "savings_balance": "0.000 STEEM",
  "sbd_balance": "0.000 SBD",
  "sbd_seconds": "0",
  "sbd_seconds_last_update": "1970-01-01T00:00:00",
  "sbd_last_interest_payment": "1970-01-01T00:00:00",
  "savings_sbd_balance": "0.000 SBD",
  "savings_sbd_seconds": "0",
  "savings_sbd_seconds_last_update": "1970-01-01T00:00:00",
  "savings_sbd_last_interest_payment": "1970-01-01T00:00:00",
  "savings_withdraw_requests": 0,
  "reward_sbd_balance": "0.000 SBD",
  "reward_steem_balance": "0.000 STEEM",
  "reward_vesting_balance": "0.000000 VESTS",
  "reward_vesting_steem": "0.000 STEEM",
  "vesting_shares": "1028.329995 VESTS",
  "delegated_vesting_shares": "0.000000 VESTS",
  "received_vesting_shares": "7115.329811 VESTS",
  "vesting_withdraw_rate": "0.000000 VESTS",
  "next_vesting_withdrawal": "1969-12-31T23:59:59",
  "withdrawn": 0,
  "to_withdraw": 0,
  "withdraw_routes": 0,
  "curation_rewards": 0,
  "posting_rewards": 0,
  "proxied_vsf_votes": [
    0,
    0,
    0,
    0
  ],
  "witnesses_voted_for": 30,
  "last_post": "2017-11-09T08:56:27",
  "last_root_post": "2017-11-09T08:56:27",
  "last_vote_time": "1970-01-01T00:00:00",
  "post_bandwidth": 0,
  "pending_claimed_accounts": 0,
  "vesting_balance": "0.000 STEEM",
  "reputation": 57668498,
  "transfer_history": [],
  "market_history": [],
  "post_history": [],
  "vote_history": [],
  "other_history": [],
  "witness_votes": [
    "abit",
    "aggroed",
    "anyx",
    "ausbitbank",
    "bhuz",
    "blocktrades",
    "busy.witness",
    "cervantes",
    "clayop",
    "drakos",
    "followbtcnews",
    "furion",
    "good-karma",
    "gtg",
    "ihashfury",
    "jerrybanfield",
    "jesta",
    "klye",
    "liondani",
    "lukestokes.mhth",
    "pfunk",
    "pharesim",
    "riverhead",
    "roelandp",
    "smooth.witness",
    "someguy123",
    "thecryptodrive",
    "timcliff",
    "wackou",
    "xeldal"
  ],
  "tags_usage": [],
  "guest_bloggers": [],
  "rank": 1420852
}

Withdraw Routes

IncomingOutgoing
Empty
Empty
{
  "incoming": [],
  "outgoing": []
}
From Date
To Date
steemdelegated 4.369 SP to @benmarvel
2026/05/17 21:59:33
delegatorsteem
delegateebenmarvel
vesting shares7115.329811 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #106140746/Trx 1d0df8d3de21c594654185385d04efc47c8a7330
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "trx_id": "1d0df8d3de21c594654185385d04efc47c8a7330",
  "block": 106140746,
  "trx_in_block": 0,
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "virtual_op": 0,
  "timestamp": "2026-05-17T21:59:33",
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegator": "steem",
      "delegatee": "benmarvel",
      "vesting_shares": "7115.329811 VESTS"
    }
  ]
}
steemdelegated 2.704 SP to @benmarvel
2026/05/11 19:16:48
delegatorsteem
delegateebenmarvel
vesting shares4403.119406 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #105965468/Trx 7ea59e1cb6a14f58769584abce2c5d4a27e0c7ae
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "trx_id": "7ea59e1cb6a14f58769584abce2c5d4a27e0c7ae",
  "block": 105965468,
  "trx_in_block": 2,
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "virtual_op": 0,
  "timestamp": "2026-05-11T19:16:48",
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegator": "steem",
      "delegatee": "benmarvel",
      "vesting_shares": "4403.119406 VESTS"
    }
  ]
}
steemdelegated 4.377 SP to @benmarvel
2026/04/25 21:24:00
delegatorsteem
delegateebenmarvel
vesting shares7127.845567 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #105508464/Trx c036b3e29fb0965609407cbabc8a6f5bde3aa7a5
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "trx_id": "c036b3e29fb0965609407cbabc8a6f5bde3aa7a5",
  "block": 105508464,
  "trx_in_block": 0,
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "virtual_op": 0,
  "timestamp": "2026-04-25T21:24:00",
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegator": "steem",
      "delegatee": "benmarvel",
      "vesting_shares": "7127.845567 VESTS"
    }
  ]
}
steemdelegated 2.729 SP to @benmarvel
2026/01/23 01:51:09
delegatorsteem
delegateebenmarvel
vesting shares4444.666225 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #102844691/Trx c9c0fbacbbb117aa8eb6c6d54dcdaa76d7bcd227
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "trx_id": "c9c0fbacbbb117aa8eb6c6d54dcdaa76d7bcd227",
  "block": 102844691,
  "trx_in_block": 0,
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "virtual_op": 0,
  "timestamp": "2026-01-23T01:51:09",
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegator": "steem",
      "delegatee": "benmarvel",
      "vesting_shares": "4444.666225 VESTS"
    }
  ]
}
steemdelegated 2.830 SP to @benmarvel
2024/12/16 21:10:54
delegatorsteem
delegateebenmarvel
vesting shares4608.885422 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #91291106/Trx eb665abaf83667c1c2b5e2892bb82ca811e9f0a3
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "trx_id": "eb665abaf83667c1c2b5e2892bb82ca811e9f0a3",
  "block": 91291106,
  "trx_in_block": 2,
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "virtual_op": 0,
  "timestamp": "2024-12-16T21:10:54",
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegator": "steem",
      "delegatee": "benmarvel",
      "vesting_shares": "4608.885422 VESTS"
    }
  ]
}
steemdelegated 2.934 SP to @benmarvel
2023/11/13 12:56:21
delegatorsteem
delegateebenmarvel
vesting shares4778.018954 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #79845375/Trx 7eaa96a22ae89b03fa93e59ebeccf3f0d20c69ca
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "trx_id": "7eaa96a22ae89b03fa93e59ebeccf3f0d20c69ca",
  "block": 79845375,
  "trx_in_block": 1,
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "virtual_op": 0,
  "timestamp": "2023-11-13T12:56:21",
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegator": "steem",
      "delegatee": "benmarvel",
      "vesting_shares": "4778.018954 VESTS"
    }
  ]
}
steemdelegated 4.738 SP to @benmarvel
2023/09/21 19:12:30
delegatorsteem
delegateebenmarvel
vesting shares7715.297740 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #78344697/Trx 487a0cdafe497716b947f5b0d97d60b84ce05a90
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "trx_id": "487a0cdafe497716b947f5b0d97d60b84ce05a90",
  "block": 78344697,
  "trx_in_block": 8,
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "virtual_op": 0,
  "timestamp": "2023-09-21T19:12:30",
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegator": "steem",
      "delegatee": "benmarvel",
      "vesting_shares": "7715.297740 VESTS"
    }
  ]
}
steemdelegated 4.874 SP to @benmarvel
2022/11/03 09:17:39
delegatorsteem
delegateebenmarvel
vesting shares7936.979178 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #69110382/Trx 70678b2294f4e12a6febd73bbbb934b2ec883fd1
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "trx_id": "70678b2294f4e12a6febd73bbbb934b2ec883fd1",
  "block": 69110382,
  "trx_in_block": 2,
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "virtual_op": 0,
  "timestamp": "2022-11-03T09:17:39",
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegator": "steem",
      "delegatee": "benmarvel",
      "vesting_shares": "7936.979178 VESTS"
    }
  ]
}
steemdelegated 5.009 SP to @benmarvel
2022/01/17 08:45:21
delegatorsteem
delegateebenmarvel
vesting shares8157.512409 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #60806792/Trx 942fa4e54919d6fcb87834411b85fb011e7236be
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "trx_id": "942fa4e54919d6fcb87834411b85fb011e7236be",
  "block": 60806792,
  "trx_in_block": 55,
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "virtual_op": 0,
  "timestamp": "2022-01-17T08:45:21",
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegator": "steem",
      "delegatee": "benmarvel",
      "vesting_shares": "8157.512409 VESTS"
    }
  ]
}
steemdelegated 5.122 SP to @benmarvel
2021/06/13 22:46:00
delegatorsteem
delegateebenmarvel
vesting shares8341.281067 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #54605286/Trx 600590d71a2f4114a790b0343c0bcc8404add9e0
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "trx_id": "600590d71a2f4114a790b0343c0bcc8404add9e0",
  "block": 54605286,
  "trx_in_block": 0,
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "virtual_op": 0,
  "timestamp": "2021-06-13T22:46:00",
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegator": "steem",
      "delegatee": "benmarvel",
      "vesting_shares": "8341.281067 VESTS"
    }
  ]
}
steemdelegated 5.237 SP to @benmarvel
2020/12/11 09:07:42
delegatorsteem
delegateebenmarvel
vesting shares8528.703041 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #49352828/Trx 9d22c40cdba5df2143ee33e90a142dada3bc20e8
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "trx_id": "9d22c40cdba5df2143ee33e90a142dada3bc20e8",
  "block": 49352828,
  "trx_in_block": 1,
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "virtual_op": 0,
  "timestamp": "2020-12-11T09:07:42",
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegator": "steem",
      "delegatee": "benmarvel",
      "vesting_shares": "8528.703041 VESTS"
    }
  ]
}
steemdelegated 1.174 SP to @benmarvel
2020/12/06 02:45:12
delegatorsteem
delegateebenmarvel
vesting shares1912.543513 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #49204396/Trx 39f16efab952436a76cae1b49375515ad5b61248
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "trx_id": "39f16efab952436a76cae1b49375515ad5b61248",
  "block": 49204396,
  "trx_in_block": 2,
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "virtual_op": 0,
  "timestamp": "2020-12-06T02:45:12",
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegator": "steem",
      "delegatee": "benmarvel",
      "vesting_shares": "1912.543513 VESTS"
    }
  ]
}
steemdelegated 5.241 SP to @benmarvel
2020/12/05 10:42:09
delegatorsteem
delegateebenmarvel
vesting shares8535.069680 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #49185503/Trx e21d07b444caae164259ec7e3899dbb10d421740
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "trx_id": "e21d07b444caae164259ec7e3899dbb10d421740",
  "block": 49185503,
  "trx_in_block": 11,
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "virtual_op": 0,
  "timestamp": "2020-12-05T10:42:09",
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegator": "steem",
      "delegatee": "benmarvel",
      "vesting_shares": "8535.069680 VESTS"
    }
  ]
}
steemdelegated 1.179 SP to @benmarvel
2020/11/02 11:15:33
delegatorsteem
delegateebenmarvel
vesting shares1920.017158 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #48252647/Trx 6cc24c866e830cf03e4ad15bfeb0b64490934443
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "trx_id": "6cc24c866e830cf03e4ad15bfeb0b64490934443",
  "block": 48252647,
  "trx_in_block": 0,
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "virtual_op": 0,
  "timestamp": "2020-11-02T11:15:33",
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegator": "steem",
      "delegatee": "benmarvel",
      "vesting_shares": "1920.017158 VESTS"
    }
  ]
}
steemdelegated 5.366 SP to @benmarvel
2020/05/09 03:40:15
delegatorsteem
delegateebenmarvel
vesting shares8737.716254 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #43214611/Trx 467fa5fd23564d7780a0d7c4ac64e1f8d979e3fb
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "trx_id": "467fa5fd23564d7780a0d7c4ac64e1f8d979e3fb",
  "block": 43214611,
  "trx_in_block": 1,
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "virtual_op": 0,
  "timestamp": "2020-05-09T03:40:15",
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegator": "steem",
      "delegatee": "benmarvel",
      "vesting_shares": "8737.716254 VESTS"
    }
  ]
}
steemdelegated 1.199 SP to @benmarvel
2020/05/08 06:58:03
delegatorsteem
delegateebenmarvel
vesting shares1953.311140 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #43190350/Trx a53fe6181446b3e8f0c0f2f6cc0be8234c310d6b
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "trx_id": "a53fe6181446b3e8f0c0f2f6cc0be8234c310d6b",
  "block": 43190350,
  "trx_in_block": 2,
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "virtual_op": 0,
  "timestamp": "2020-05-08T06:58:03",
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegator": "steem",
      "delegatee": "benmarvel",
      "vesting_shares": "1953.311140 VESTS"
    }
  ]
}
steemdelegated 5.374 SP to @benmarvel
2020/04/15 20:18:03
delegatorsteem
delegateebenmarvel
vesting shares8750.693673 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #42561032/Trx 1e69b26f4e6c2d6c4e6db971b1f70b0a59c96739
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "trx_id": "1e69b26f4e6c2d6c4e6db971b1f70b0a59c96739",
  "block": 42561032,
  "trx_in_block": 32,
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "virtual_op": 0,
  "timestamp": "2020-04-15T20:18:03",
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegator": "steem",
      "delegatee": "benmarvel",
      "vesting_shares": "8750.693673 VESTS"
    }
  ]
}
2020/03/05 19:38:39
parent authorbenmarvel
parent permlinkipob-biafra-restoration-united-nations-backings-respect-undrips
authorsteemitboard
permlinksteemitboard-notify-benmarvel-20200305t193839000z
title
bodyCongratulations @benmarvel! You received a personal award! <table><tr><td>https://steemitimages.com/70x70/http://steemitboard.com/@benmarvel/community.png</td><td>Thank you for the witness votes you made to support your Steem community and for keeping the Steem blockchain decentralized</td></tr></table> <sub>_You can view [your badges on your Steem Board](https://steemitboard.com/@benmarvel) and compare to others on the [Steem Ranking](https://steemitboard.com/ranking/index.php?name=benmarvel)_</sub> **Do not miss the last post from @steemitboard:** <table><tr><td><a href="https://steemit.com/steemitboard/@steemitboard/use-your-witness-votes-and-get-the-community-badge"><img src="https://steemitimages.com/64x128/https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmTugCUsoXX762vg1CuHRrpnPbfnjPogp8iCGv7F2kSVuj/image.png"></a></td><td><a href="https://steemit.com/steemitboard/@steemitboard/use-your-witness-votes-and-get-the-community-badge">Use your witness votes and get the Community Badge</a></td></tr></table> ###### [Vote for @Steemitboard as a witness](https://v2.steemconnect.com/sign/account-witness-vote?witness=steemitboard&approve=1) to get one more award and increased upvotes!
json metadata{"image":["https://steemitboard.com/img/notify.png"]}
Transaction InfoBlock #41394347/Trx 57719569ff49e2dd3a13996738dee6110fd4f1df
View Raw JSON Data
{
  "trx_id": "57719569ff49e2dd3a13996738dee6110fd4f1df",
  "block": 41394347,
  "trx_in_block": 4,
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "virtual_op": 0,
  "timestamp": "2020-03-05T19:38:39",
  "op": [
    "comment",
    {
      "parent_author": "benmarvel",
      "parent_permlink": "ipob-biafra-restoration-united-nations-backings-respect-undrips",
      "author": "steemitboard",
      "permlink": "steemitboard-notify-benmarvel-20200305t193839000z",
      "title": "",
      "body": "Congratulations @benmarvel! You received a personal award!\n\n<table><tr><td>https://steemitimages.com/70x70/http://steemitboard.com/@benmarvel/community.png</td><td>Thank you for the witness votes you made to support your Steem community and for keeping the Steem blockchain decentralized</td></tr></table>\n\n<sub>_You can view [your badges on your Steem Board](https://steemitboard.com/@benmarvel) and compare to others on the [Steem Ranking](https://steemitboard.com/ranking/index.php?name=benmarvel)_</sub>\n\n\n**Do not miss the last post from @steemitboard:**\n<table><tr><td><a href=\"https://steemit.com/steemitboard/@steemitboard/use-your-witness-votes-and-get-the-community-badge\"><img src=\"https://steemitimages.com/64x128/https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmTugCUsoXX762vg1CuHRrpnPbfnjPogp8iCGv7F2kSVuj/image.png\"></a></td><td><a href=\"https://steemit.com/steemitboard/@steemitboard/use-your-witness-votes-and-get-the-community-badge\">Use your witness votes and get the Community Badge</a></td></tr></table>\n\n###### [Vote for @Steemitboard as a witness](https://v2.steemconnect.com/sign/account-witness-vote?witness=steemitboard&approve=1) to get one more award and increased upvotes!",
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2019/10/21 07:18:39
parent authorbenmarvel
parent permlinkipob-biafra-restoration-united-nations-backings-respect-undrips
authorsteemitboard
permlinksteemitboard-notify-benmarvel-20191021t071838000z
title
bodyCongratulations @benmarvel! You received a personal award! <table><tr><td>https://steemitimages.com/70x70/http://steemitboard.com/@benmarvel/birthday2.png</td><td>Happy Birthday! - You are on the Steem blockchain for 2 years!</td></tr></table> <sub>_You can view [your badges on your Steem Board](https://steemitboard.com/@benmarvel) and compare to others on the [Steem Ranking](https://steemitboard.com/ranking/index.php?name=benmarvel)_</sub> **Do not miss the last post from @steemitboard:** <table><tr><td><a href="https://steemit.com/steemfest/@steemitboard/steemfest-commemorative-badge-refactored"><img src="https://steemitimages.com/64x128/https://files.steempeak.com/file/steempeak/arcange/YqQV5Tbj-image.png"></a></td><td><a href="https://steemit.com/steemfest/@steemitboard/steemfest-commemorative-badge-refactored">SteemFest⁴ commemorative badge refactored</a></td></tr></table> ###### [Vote for @Steemitboard as a witness](https://v2.steemconnect.com/sign/account-witness-vote?witness=steemitboard&approve=1) to get one more award and increased upvotes!
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Transaction InfoBlock #37471377/Trx d76472fd8bd877fed241c85e0b7fcf7683d94caa
View Raw JSON Data
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      "title": "",
      "body": "Congratulations @benmarvel! You received a personal award!\n\n<table><tr><td>https://steemitimages.com/70x70/http://steemitboard.com/@benmarvel/birthday2.png</td><td>Happy Birthday! - You are on the Steem blockchain for 2 years!</td></tr></table>\n\n<sub>_You can view [your badges on your Steem Board](https://steemitboard.com/@benmarvel) and compare to others on the [Steem Ranking](https://steemitboard.com/ranking/index.php?name=benmarvel)_</sub>\n\n\n**Do not miss the last post from @steemitboard:**\n<table><tr><td><a href=\"https://steemit.com/steemfest/@steemitboard/steemfest-commemorative-badge-refactored\"><img src=\"https://steemitimages.com/64x128/https://files.steempeak.com/file/steempeak/arcange/YqQV5Tbj-image.png\"></a></td><td><a href=\"https://steemit.com/steemfest/@steemitboard/steemfest-commemorative-badge-refactored\">SteemFest⁴  commemorative badge refactored</a></td></tr></table>\n\n###### [Vote for @Steemitboard as a witness](https://v2.steemconnect.com/sign/account-witness-vote?witness=steemitboard&approve=1) to get one more award and increased upvotes!",
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steemdelegated 5.494 SP to @benmarvel
2019/05/12 13:32:45
delegatorsteem
delegateebenmarvel
vesting shares8946.316478 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #32843858/Trx 10134396639713b92664d95d8e6a082977ca066e
View Raw JSON Data
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2018/10/21 13:51:48
parent authorbenmarvel
parent permlinkipob-biafra-restoration-united-nations-backings-respect-undrips
authorsteemitboard
permlinksteemitboard-notify-benmarvel-20181021t135149000z
title
bodyCongratulations @benmarvel! You have received a personal award! [![](https://steemitimages.com/70x70/http://steemitboard.com/@benmarvel/birthday1.png)](http://steemitboard.com/@benmarvel) 1 Year on Steemit <sub>_Click on the badge to view your Board of Honor._</sub> **Do not miss the last post from @steemitboard:** <table><tr><td><a href="https://steemit.com/steemitboard/@steemitboard/steemitboard-ranking-update-resteem-and-resteemed-added"><img src="https://steemitimages.com/64x128/https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmfRVpHQhLDhnjDtqck8GPv9NPvNKPfMsDaAFDE1D9Er2Z/header_ranking.png"></a></td><td><a href="https://steemit.com/steemitboard/@steemitboard/steemitboard-ranking-update-resteem-and-resteemed-added">SteemitBoard Ranking update - Resteem and Resteemed added</a></td></tr></table> > Support [SteemitBoard's project](https://steemit.com/@steemitboard)! **[Vote for its witness](https://v2.steemconnect.com/sign/account-witness-vote?witness=steemitboard&approve=1)** and **get one more award**!
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Transaction InfoBlock #27003492/Trx 5c16719cd33876133923a580841a22956d618f8d
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      "title": "",
      "body": "Congratulations @benmarvel! You have received a personal award!\n\n[![](https://steemitimages.com/70x70/http://steemitboard.com/@benmarvel/birthday1.png)](http://steemitboard.com/@benmarvel)  1 Year on Steemit\n<sub>_Click on the badge to view your Board of Honor._</sub>\n\n\n**Do not miss the last post from @steemitboard:**\n<table><tr><td><a href=\"https://steemit.com/steemitboard/@steemitboard/steemitboard-ranking-update-resteem-and-resteemed-added\"><img src=\"https://steemitimages.com/64x128/https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmfRVpHQhLDhnjDtqck8GPv9NPvNKPfMsDaAFDE1D9Er2Z/header_ranking.png\"></a></td><td><a href=\"https://steemit.com/steemitboard/@steemitboard/steemitboard-ranking-update-resteem-and-resteemed-added\">SteemitBoard Ranking update - Resteem and Resteemed added</a></td></tr></table>\n\n> Support [SteemitBoard's project](https://steemit.com/@steemitboard)! **[Vote for its witness](https://v2.steemconnect.com/sign/account-witness-vote?witness=steemitboard&approve=1)** and **get one more award**!",
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smitopblockchain operation: transfer from savings
2018/08/02 21:36:33
fromsmitop
request id14787
tobenmarvel
amount0.001 SBD
memoHi, you're voting for the witness @wackou. That witness is inactive now, meaning they stopped producing blocks. You should stop voting for them, at https://steemit.com/~witnesses, or by pressing 'Vote for witnesses' in the Steemit sidebar (top right corner). I'm a bot.
Transaction InfoBlock #24725772/Trx 03d5c81f6d889bce38cc6523c710d2a026adda73
View Raw JSON Data
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      "memo": "Hi, you're voting for the witness @wackou. That witness is inactive now, meaning they stopped producing blocks. You should stop voting for them, at https://steemit.com/~witnesses, or by pressing 'Vote for witnesses' in the Steemit sidebar (top right corner). I'm a bot."
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smitopblockchain operation: transfer from savings
2018/08/02 21:36:33
fromsmitop
request id14757
tobenmarvel
amount0.001 SBD
memoHi, you're voting for the witness @wackou. That witness is inactive now, meaning they stopped producing blocks. You should stop voting for them, at https://steemit.com/~witnesses, or by pressing 'Vote for witnesses' in the Steemit sidebar (top right corner). I'm a bot.
Transaction InfoBlock #24725772/Trx 03d5c81f6d889bce38cc6523c710d2a026adda73
View Raw JSON Data
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smitopblockchain operation: transfer from savings
2018/08/02 21:36:33
fromsmitop
request id14756
tobenmarvel
amount0.001 SBD
memoHi, you're voting for the witness @jerrybanfield. That witness is inactive now, meaning they stopped producing blocks. You should stop voting for them, at https://steemit.com/~witnesses, or by pressing 'Vote for witnesses' in the Steemit sidebar (top right corner). I'm a bot.
Transaction InfoBlock #24725772/Trx 03d5c81f6d889bce38cc6523c710d2a026adda73
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steemdelegated 5.616 SP to @benmarvel
2018/05/16 20:08:00
delegatorsteem
delegateebenmarvel
vesting shares9145.868913 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #22489661/Trx ad6e6f1018c5f124642b6dd3b0fb7cf12631e87d
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steemdelegated 18.136 SP to @benmarvel
2018/04/21 20:39:15
delegatorsteem
delegateebenmarvel
vesting shares29533.837953 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #21771073/Trx 26934b47d058ff463668194e451671b58a7f4247
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}
steemdelegated 18.261 SP to @benmarvel
2017/12/12 22:23:27
delegatorsteem
delegateebenmarvel
vesting shares29737.670005 VESTS
Transaction InfoBlock #18032652/Trx 9f76d0c3e624f23297ddb9ae6e7ae98c916ed011
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2017/11/09 11:42:51
voteremashowa
authorbenmarvel
permlinkipob-biafra-restoration-united-nations-backings-respect-undrips
weight10000 (100.00%)
Transaction InfoBlock #17069839/Trx 15159171722c7837f968e07eba5ba6b883bf37c6
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2017/11/09 11:42:48
votermajorrovale
authorbenmarvel
permlinkipob-biafra-restoration-united-nations-backings-respect-undrips
weight10000 (100.00%)
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2017/11/09 11:42:48
voterninashoppil
authorbenmarvel
permlinkipob-biafra-restoration-united-nations-backings-respect-undrips
weight10000 (100.00%)
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2017/11/09 11:42:45
votershelop
authorbenmarvel
permlinkipob-biafra-restoration-united-nations-backings-respect-undrips
weight10000 (100.00%)
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2017/11/09 11:42:45
voterantonturov
authorbenmarvel
permlinkipob-biafra-restoration-united-nations-backings-respect-undrips
weight10000 (100.00%)
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2017/11/09 11:42:45
voterjbya
authorbenmarvel
permlinkipob-biafra-restoration-united-nations-backings-respect-undrips
weight10000 (100.00%)
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2017/11/09 11:42:42
voterevgenikjpetro
authorbenmarvel
permlinkipob-biafra-restoration-united-nations-backings-respect-undrips
weight10000 (100.00%)
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2017/11/09 09:07:57
parent author
parent permlinkuncategorized
authorbenmarvel
permlinkipob-biafra-restoration-united-nations-backings-respect-undrips
titleIPOB: Biafra restoration has the United Nations Backings in respect to UNDRIPS
bodyThe agitation for the restoration of the sovereign and independent state of Biafra has been proven not being a mere agitation but an outstanding one which are following the international standard for self-determination to pursuit their quest for the total restoration of Biafra as sovereign state that will be able to detect the own future and that of their unborn generations come. The indigenous people of Biafra under the leadership of Mazi Nnamdi kanu has been proven right by the United nation’s declaration of the right of the indigenous people, this United Nation’s charter entails that “ Reaffirming that indigenous peoples, in the exercise of their rights, should be free from discrimination of any kind, Concerned that indigenous peoples have suffered from historic injus- tices as a result of, inter alia, their colonization and dispossession of their lands, territories and resources, thus preventing them from exercising, in particular, their right to development in accordance with their own needs and interests,” HERE IS THE ARTICLES AS IT PARTAKES TO THE RIGHTS OF THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLES ALL OVER THE WORLD [UNDRIPS] Concerned that indigenous peoples have suffered from historic injus- tices as a result of, inter alia, their colonization and dispossession of their lands, territories and resources, thus preventing them from exercising, in particular, their right to development in accordance with their own needs and interests, Recognizing the urgent need to respect and promote the inherent rights of indigenous peoples which derive from their political, eco- nomic and social structures and from their cultures, spiritual tradi- tions, histories and philosophies, especially their rights to their lands, territories and resources, Recognizing also the urgent need to respect and promote the rights of indigenous peoples affirmed in treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements with States, Welcoming the fact that indigenous peoples are organizing them- selves for political, economic, social and cultural enhancement and in order to bring to an end all forms of discrimination and oppres- sion wherever they occur, Convinced that control by indigenous peoples over developments affecting them and their lands, territories and resources will enable them to maintain and strengthen their institutions, cultures and tra- ditions, and to promote their development in accordance with their aspirations and needs, Recognizing that respect for indigenous knowledge, cultures and traditional practices contributes to sustainable and equitable devel- opment and proper management of the environment, Emphasizing the contribution of the demilitarization of the lands and territories of indigenous peoples to peace, economic and social progress and development, understanding and friendly relations among nations and peoples of the world, Recognizing in particular the right of indigenous families and com- munities to retain shared responsibility for the upbringing, training, education and well-being of their children, consistent with the rights of the child, Considering that the rights affirmed in treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements between States and indigenous peoples are, in some situations, matters of international concern, interest, responsibility and character, Considering also that treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements, and the relationship they represent, are the basis for a strengthened partnership between indigenous peoples and States, Acknowledging that the Charter of the United Nations, the Interna- tional Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights2 and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 2 as well as the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action, 3 affirm the funda- mental importance of the right to self-determination of all peoples, by virtue of which they freely determine their political status and freely pursue their economic, social and cultural development, Bearing in mind that nothing in this Declaration may be used to deny any peoples their right to self-determination, exercised in con- formity with international law, Convinced that the recognition of the rights of indigenous peoples in this Declaration will enhance harmonious and cooperative rela- tions between the State and indigenous peoples, based on principles of justice, democracy, respect for human rights, non-discrimination and good faith, Encouraging States to comply with and effectively implement all their obligations as they apply to indigenous peoples under inter- national instruments, in particular those related to human rights, in consultation and cooperation with the peoples concerned, Emphasizing that the United Nations has an important and continu- ing role to play in promoting and protecting the rights of indig- enous peoples, Believing that this Declaration is a further important step forward for the recognition, promotion and protection of the rights and freedoms of indigenous peoples and in the development of relevant activities of the United Nations system in this field, Recognizing and reaffirming that indigenous individuals are enti- tled without discrimination to all human rights recognized in inter- national law, and that indigenous peoples possess collective rights which are indispensable for their existence, well-being and integral development as peoples, Recognizing that the situation of indigenous peoples varies from region to region and from country to country and that the signifi- cance of national and regional particularities and various historical and cultural backgrounds should be taken into consideration, Solemnly proclaims the following United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples as a standard of achievement to be pursued in a spirit of partnership and mutual respect: Article 1 Indigenous peoples have the right to the full enjoyment, as a collec- tive or as individuals, of all human rights and fundamental freedoms as recognized in the Charter of the United Nations, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights4 and international human rights law. Article 2 Indigenous peoples and individuals are free and equal to all other peoples and individuals and have the right to be free from any kind of discrimination, in the exercise of their rights, in particular that based on their indigenous origin or identity. Article 3 Indigenous peoples have the right to self-determination. By virtue of that right they freely determine their political status and freely pursue their economic, social and cultural development. Article 4 Indigenous peoples, in exercising their right to self-determination, have the right to autonomy or self-government in matters relating to their internal and local affairs, as well as ways and means for financ- ing their autonomous functions. Article 5 Indigenous peoples have the right to maintain and strengthen their distinct political, legal, economic, social and cultural institutions, while retaining their right to participate fully, if they so choose, in the political, economic, social and cultural life of the State. Article 6 Every indigenous individual has the right to a nationality. Article 7 1. Indigenous individuals have the rights to life, physical and men- tal integrity, liberty and security of person. 2. Indigenous peoples have the collective right to live in freedom, peace and security as distinct peoples and shall not be subjected to any act of genocide or any other act of violence, including forcibly removing children of the group to another group. Article 8 1. Indigenous peoples and individuals have the right not to be subjected to forced assimilation or destruction of their culture. 2. States shall provide effective mechanisms for prevention of, and redress for: (a) Any action which has the aim or effect of depriving them of their integrity as distinct peoples, or of their cultural values or ethnic identities; (b) Any action which has the aim or effect of dispossessing them of their lands, territories or resources; (c) Any form of forced population transfer which has the aim or effect of violating or undermining any of their rights; (d) Any form of forced assimilation or integration; (e) Any form of propaganda designed to promote or incite racial or ethnic discrimination directed against them. Article 9 Indigenous peoples and individuals have the right to belong to an indigenous community or nation, in accordance with the traditions and customs of the community or nation concerned. No discrimina- tion of any kind may arise from the exercise of such a right. Article 10 Indigenous peoples shall not be forcibly removed from their lands or territories. No relocation shall take place without the free, prior and informed consent of the indigenous peoples concerned and after agreement on just and fair compensation and, where possible, with the option of return. Article 11 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to practise and revitalize their cultural traditions and customs. This includes the right to maintain, protect and develop the past, present and future manifestations of their cultures, such as archaeological and historical sites, artefacts, designs, ceremonies, technologies and visual and performing arts and literature. 2. States shall provide redress through effective mechanisms, which may include restitution, developed in conjunction with indigenous peoples, with respect to their cultural, intellectual, religious and spir- itual property taken without their free, prior and informed consent or in violation of their laws, traditions and customs. Article 12 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to manifest, practise, develop and teach their spiritual and religious traditions, customs and cer- emonies; the right to maintain, protect, and have access in privacy to their religious and cultural sites; the right to the use and control of their ceremonial objects; and the right to the repatriation of their human remains. 2. States shall seek to enable the access and/or repatriation of cer- emonial objects and human remains in their possession through fair, transparent and effective mechanisms developed in conjunction with indigenous peoples concerned. Article 13 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to revitalize, use, develop and transmit to future generations their histories, languages, oral tradi- tions, philosophies, writing systems and literatures, and to designate and retain their own names for communities, places and persons. 2. States shall take effective measures to ensure that this right is protected and also to ensure that indigenous peoples can understand and be understood in political, legal and administrative proceedings, where necessary through the provision of interpretation or by other appropriate means. Article 14 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to establish and control their educational systems and institutions providing education in their own languages, in a manner appropriate to their cultural methods of teaching and learning. 2. Indigenous individuals, particularly children, have the right to all levels and forms of education of the State without discrimina- tion. 3. States shall, in conjunction with indigenous peoples, take effect-tive measures, in order for indigenous individuals, particularly chil-dren, including those living outside their communities, to have access, when possible, to an education in their own culture and pro- vided in their own language. Article 15 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to the dignity and diversity of their cultures, traditions, histories and aspirations which shall be appropriately reflected in education and public information. 2. States shall take effective measures, in consultation and coopera- tion with the indigenous peoples concerned, to combat prejudice and eliminate discrimination and to promote tolerance, understand- ing and good relations among indigenous peoples and all other seg- ments of society. Article 16 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to establish their own media in their own languages and to have access to all forms of non-indigenous media without discrimination. 2. States shall take effective measures to ensure that State-owned media duly reflect indigenous cultural diversity. States, without prejudice to ensuring full freedom of expression, should encour- age privately owned media to adequately reflect indigenous cultural diversity. Article 17 1. Indigenous individuals and peoples have the right to enjoy fully all rights established under applicable international and domestic labour law. 2. States shall in consultation and cooperation with indigenous peoples take specific measures to protect indigenous children from economic exploitation and from performing any work that is likely to be hazardous or to interfere with the child’s education, or to be harmful to the child’s health or physical, mental, spiritual, moral or social development, taking into account their special vulnerability and the importance of education for their empowerment. 3. Indigenous individuals have the right not to be subjected to any discriminatory conditions of labour and, inter alia, employment or salary. Article 18 Indigenous peoples have the right to participate in decision-making in matters which would affect their rights, through representatives chosen by themselves in accordance with their own procedures, as well as to maintain and develop their own indigenous decision- making institutions. Article 19 States shall consult and cooperate in good faith with the indigenous peoples concerned through their own representative institutions in order to obtain their free, prior and informed consent before adopt- ing and implementing legislative or administrative measures that may affect them. Article 20 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to maintain and develop their political, economic and social systems or institutions, to be secure in the enjoyment of their own means of subsistence and develop- ment, and to engage freely in all their traditional and other eco- nomic activities. 2. Indigenous peoples deprived of their means of subsistence and development are entitled to just and fair redress Article 21 1. Indigenous peoples have the right, without discrimination, to the improvement of their economic and social conditions, including, inter alia, in the areas of education, employment, vocational training and retraining, housing, sanitation, health and social security. 2. States shall take effective measures and, where appropriate, spe- cial measures to ensure continuing improvement of their economic and social conditions. Particular attention shall be paid to the rights and special needs of indigenous elders, women, youth, children and persons with disabilities. Article 22 1. Particular attention shall be paid to the rights and special needs of indigenous elders, women, youth, children and persons with dis- abilities in the implementation of this Declaration. 2. States shall take measures, in conjunction with indigenous peoples, to ensure that indigenous women and children enjoy the full protection and guarantees against all forms of violence and discrimination. Article 23 Indigenous peoples have the right to determine and develop pri- orities and strategies for exercising their right to development. In particular, indigenous peoples have the right to be actively involved in developing and determining health, housing and other economic and social programmes affecting them and, as far as possible, to administer such programmes through their own institutions. Article 24 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to their traditional medicines and to maintain their health practices, including the conservation of their vital medicinal plants, animals and minerals. Indigenous indi- viduals also have the right to access, without any discrimination, to all social and health services. 2. Indigenous individuals have an equal right to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health. States shall take the necessary steps with a view to achieving progressively the full realization of this right. Article 25 Indigenous peoples have the right to maintain and strengthen their distinctive spiritual relationship with their traditionally owned or otherwise occupied and used lands, territories, waters and coastal seas and other resources and to uphold their responsibilities to future generations in this regard. Article 26 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to the lands, territories and resources which they have traditionally owned, occupied or other- wise used or acquired. 2. Indigenous peoples have the right to own, use, develop and control the lands, territories and resources that they possess by rea- son of traditional ownership or other traditional occupation or use, as well as those which they have otherwise acquired. 3. States shall give legal recognition and protection to these lands, territories and resources. Such recognition shall be conducted with due respect to the customs, traditions and land tenure systems of the indigenous peoples concerned. Article 27 States shall establish and implement, in conjunction with indige- nous peoples concerned, a fair, independent, impartial, open and transparent process, giving due recognition to indigenous peoples’ laws, traditions, customs and land tenure systems, to recognize and adjudicate the rights of indigenous peoples pertaining to their lands, territories and resources, including those which were traditionally owned or otherwise occupied or used. Indigenous peoples shall have the right to participate in this process. Article 28 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to redress, by means that can include restitution or, when this is not possible, just, fair and equita- ble compensation, for the lands, territories and resources which they have traditionally owned or otherwise occupied or used, and which have been confiscated, taken, occupied, used or damaged without their free, prior and informed consent. 2. Unless otherwise freely agreed upon by the peoples concerned, compensation shall take the form of lands, territories and resources equal in quality, size and legal status or of monetary compensation or other appropriate redress. Article 29 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to the conservation and pro- tection of the environment and the productive capacity of their lands or territories and resources. States shall establish and implement assistance programmes for indigenous peoples for such conservation and protection, without discrimination. 2. States shall take effective measures to ensure that no storage or disposal of hazardous materials shall take place in the lands or ter- ritories of indigenous peoples without their free, prior and informed consent. 3. States shall also take effective measures to ensure, as needed, that programmes for monitoring, maintaining and restoring the health of indigenous peoples, as developed and implemented by the peoples affected by such materials, are duly implemented. Article 30 1. Military activities shall not take place in the lands or territories of indigenous peoples, unless justified by a relevant public interest or otherwise freely agreed with or requested by the indigenous peoples concerned. 2. States shall undertake effective consultations with the indig- enous peoples concerned, through appropriate procedures and in particular through their representative institutions, prior to using their lands or territories for military activities. Article 31 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to maintain, control, protect and develop their cultural heritage, traditional knowledge and tra- ditional cultural expressions, as well as the manifestations of their sciences, technologies and cultures, including human and genetic resources, seeds, medicines, knowledge of the properties of fauna and flora, oral traditions, literatures, designs, sports and traditional games and visual and performing arts. They also have the right to maintain, control, protect and develop their intellectual property over such cultural heritage, traditional knowledge, and traditional cultural expressions. 2. In conjunction with indigenous peoples, States shall take effec- tive measures to recognize and protect the exercise of these rights. Article 32 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to determine and develop priorities and strategies for the development or use of their lands or territories and other resources. 2. States shall consult and cooperate in good faith with the indig- enous peoples concerned through their own representative institu- tions in order to obtain their free and informed consent prior to the approval of any project affecting their lands or territories and other resources, particularly in connection with the development, utiliza- tion or exploitation of mineral, water or other resources. 3. States shall provide effective mechanisms for just and fair redress for any such activities, and appropriate measures shall be taken to mitigate adverse environmental, economic, social, cultural or spiri- tual impact. Article 33 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to determine their own iden- tity or membership in accordance with their customs and traditions. This does not impair the right of indigenous individuals to obtain citizenship of the States in which they live. 2. Indigenous peoples have the right to determine the structures and to select the membership of their institutions in accordance with their own procedures. Article 34 Indigenous peoples have the right to promote, develop and main- tain their institutional structures and their distinctive customs, spiri- tuality, traditions, procedures, practices and, in the cases where they exist, juridical systems or customs, in accordance with international human rights standards. Article 35 Indigenous peoples have the right to determine the responsibilities of individuals to their communities. Article 36 1. Indigenous peoples, in particular those divided by international borders, have the right to maintain and develop contacts, relations and cooperation, including activities for spiritual, cultural, political, economic and social purposes, with their own members as well as other peoples across borders. 2. States, in consultation and cooperation with indigenous peo- ples, shall take effective measures to facilitate the exercise and ensure the implementation of this right. Article 37 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to the recognition, observ- ance and enforcement of treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements concluded with States or their successors and to have States honour and respect such treaties, agreements and other con- structive arrangements. 2. Nothing in this Declaration may be interpreted as diminishing or eliminating the rights of indigenous peoples contained in treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements. Article 38 States, in consultation and cooperation with indigenous peoples, shall take the appropriate measures, including legislative measures, to achieve the ends of this Declaration. Article 39 Indigenous peoples have the right to have access to financial and technical assistance from States and through international coopera- tion, for the enjoyment of the rights contained in this Declaration. Article 40 Indigenous peoples have the right to access to and prompt decision through just and fair procedures for the resolution of conflicts and disputes with States or other parties, as well as to effective remedies for all infringements of their individual and collective rights. Such a decision shall give due consideration to the customs, traditions, rules and legal systems of the indigenous peoples concerned and international human rights. Article 41 The organs and specialized agencies of the United Nations system and other intergovernmental organizations shall contribute to the full realization of the provisions of this Declaration through the mobiliza- tion, inter alia, of financial cooperation and technical assistance. Ways and means of ensuring participation of indigenous peoples on issues affecting them shall be established. Article 42 The United Nations, its bodies, including the Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues, and specialized agencies, including at the coun- try level, and States shall promote respect for and full application of the provisions of this Declaration and follow up the effectiveness of this Declaration. Article 43 The rights recognized herein constitute the minimum standards for the survival, dignity and well-being of the indigenous peoples of the world. Article 44 All the rights and freedoms recognized herein are equally guaran- teed to male and female indigenous individuals. Article 45 Nothing in this Declaration may be construed as diminishing or extinguishing the rights indigenous peoples have now or may acquire in the future. Article 46 1. Nothing in this Declaration may be interpreted as implying for any State, people, group or person any right to engage in any activity or to perform any act contrary to the Charter of the United Nations or construed as authorizing or encouraging any action which would dismember or impair, totally or in part, the territorial integrity or political unity of sovereign and independent States. 2. In the exercise of the rights enunciated in the present Dec- laration, human rights and fundamental freedoms of all shall be respected. The exercise of the rights set forth in this Declaration shall be subject only to such limitations as are determined by law and in accordance with international human rights obligations. Any such limitations shall be non-discriminatory and strictly necessary solely for the purpose of securing due recognition and respect for the rights and freedoms of others and for meeting the just and most compelling requirements of a democratic society. 3. The provisions set forth in this Declaration shall be interpreted in accordance with the principles of justice, democracy, respect for human rights, equality, non-discrimination, good governance and good faith. These United Nations articles on united Nations Declaration on the rights of the indigenous people which Nigeria is a signatory to has proven beyond every reasonable doubt that the Indigenous people of Biafra has every international rights and backing to continue in their pursuit for the Restoration of their sovereign state Biafra
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Transaction InfoBlock #17066747/Trx 905ba89b6c9200141d27a3304746be564c4e6d93
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  "trx_id": "905ba89b6c9200141d27a3304746be564c4e6d93",
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  "timestamp": "2017-11-09T09:07:57",
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    "comment",
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      "parent_permlink": "uncategorized",
      "author": "benmarvel",
      "permlink": "ipob-biafra-restoration-united-nations-backings-respect-undrips",
      "title": "IPOB: Biafra restoration has the United Nations Backings in respect to UNDRIPS",
      "body": "The agitation for the restoration of the sovereign and independent state of Biafra has been proven not being a mere agitation but an outstanding one which are following the international standard for self-determination to pursuit their quest for the total restoration of Biafra as sovereign state that will be able to detect the own future and that of their unborn generations come.\r\nThe indigenous people of Biafra under the leadership of Mazi Nnamdi kanu has been proven right by the United nation’s declaration of the right of the indigenous people, this United Nation’s charter entails that “\r\nReaffirming that indigenous peoples, in the exercise of their rights, should be free from discrimination of any kind,\r\n\r\nConcerned that indigenous peoples have suffered from historic injus- tices as a result of, inter alia, their colonization and dispossession of their lands, territories and resources, thus preventing them from exercising, in particular, their right to development in accordance with their own needs and interests,”\r\nHERE IS THE ARTICLES AS IT PARTAKES TO THE RIGHTS OF THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLES ALL OVER THE WORLD [UNDRIPS]\r\nConcerned that indigenous peoples have suffered from historic injus- tices as a result of, inter alia, their colonization and dispossession of their lands, territories and resources, thus preventing them from exercising, in particular, their right to development in accordance with their own needs and interests, Recognizing the urgent need to respect and promote the inherent rights of indigenous peoples which derive from their political, eco- nomic and social structures and from their cultures, spiritual tradi- tions, histories and philosophies, especially their rights to their lands, territories and resources, Recognizing also the urgent need to respect and promote the rights of indigenous peoples affirmed in treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements with States, Welcoming the fact that indigenous peoples are organizing them- selves for political, economic, social and cultural enhancement and in order to bring to an end all forms of discrimination and oppres- sion wherever they occur, Convinced that control by indigenous peoples over developments affecting them and their lands, territories and resources will enable them to maintain and strengthen their institutions, cultures and tra- ditions, and to promote their development in accordance with their aspirations and needs, Recognizing that respect for indigenous knowledge, cultures and traditional practices contributes to sustainable and equitable devel- opment and proper management of the environment, Emphasizing the contribution of the demilitarization of the lands and territories of indigenous peoples to peace, economic and social\r\n\r\nprogress and development, understanding and friendly relations among nations and peoples of the world, Recognizing in particular the right of indigenous families and com- munities to retain shared responsibility for the upbringing, training, education and well-being of their children, consistent with the rights of the child, Considering that the rights affirmed in treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements between States and indigenous peoples are, in some situations, matters of international concern, interest, responsibility and character, Considering also that treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements, and the relationship they represent, are the basis for a strengthened partnership between indigenous peoples and States, Acknowledging that the Charter of the United Nations, the Interna- tional Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights2 and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights,\r\n2 as well as the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action,\r\n3 affirm the funda- mental importance of the right to self-determination of all peoples, by virtue of which they freely determine their political status and freely pursue their economic, social and cultural development, Bearing in mind that nothing in this Declaration may be used to deny any peoples their right to self-determination, exercised in con- formity with international law, Convinced that the recognition of the rights of indigenous peoples in this Declaration will enhance harmonious and cooperative rela- tions between the State and indigenous peoples, based on principles of justice, democracy, respect for human rights, non-discrimination and good faith, Encouraging States to comply with and effectively implement all their obligations as they apply to indigenous peoples under inter- national instruments, in particular those related to human rights, in consultation and cooperation with the peoples concerned, Emphasizing that the United Nations has an important and continu- ing role to play in promoting and protecting the rights of indig- enous peoples,\r\n\r\nBelieving that this Declaration is a further important step forward for the recognition, promotion and protection of the rights and freedoms of indigenous peoples and in the development of relevant activities of the United Nations system in this field, Recognizing and reaffirming that indigenous individuals are enti- tled without discrimination to all human rights recognized in inter- national law, and that indigenous peoples possess collective rights which are indispensable for their existence, well-being and integral development as peoples, Recognizing that the situation of indigenous peoples varies from region to region and from country to country and that the signifi- cance of national and regional particularities and various historical and cultural backgrounds should be taken into consideration, Solemnly proclaims the following United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples as a standard of achievement to be pursued in a spirit of partnership and mutual respect:\r\nArticle 1\r\nIndigenous peoples have the right to the full enjoyment, as a collec- tive or as individuals, of all human rights and fundamental freedoms as recognized in the Charter of the United Nations, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights4 and international human rights law.\r\nArticle 2\r\nIndigenous peoples and individuals are free and equal to all other peoples and individuals and have the right to be free from any kind of discrimination, in the exercise of their rights, in particular that based on their indigenous origin or identity.\r\nArticle 3\r\nIndigenous peoples have the right to self-determination. By virtue of that right they freely determine their political status and freely pursue their economic, social and cultural development.\r\nArticle 4\r\nIndigenous peoples, in exercising their right to self-determination, have the right to autonomy or self-government in matters relating to their internal and local affairs, as well as ways and means for financ- ing their autonomous functions.\r\n\r\nArticle 5\r\nIndigenous peoples have the right to maintain and strengthen their distinct political, legal, economic, social and cultural institutions, while retaining their right to participate fully, if they so choose, in the political, economic, social and cultural life of the State.\r\nArticle 6\r\nEvery indigenous individual has the right to a nationality.\r\nArticle 7\r\n1. Indigenous individuals have the rights to life, physical and men- tal integrity, liberty and security of person.\r\n2. Indigenous peoples have the collective right to live in freedom, peace and security as distinct peoples and shall not be subjected to any act of genocide or any other act of violence, including forcibly removing children of the group to another group.\r\nArticle 8\r\n1. Indigenous peoples and individuals have the right not to be subjected to forced assimilation or destruction of their culture.\r\n2. States shall provide effective mechanisms for prevention of, and redress for:\r\n(a) Any action which has the aim or effect of depriving them of their integrity as distinct peoples, or of their cultural values or ethnic identities;\r\n(b) Any action which has the aim or effect of dispossessing them of their lands, territories or resources; (c) Any form of forced population transfer which has the aim or effect of violating or undermining any of their rights; (d) Any form of forced assimilation or integration; (e) Any form of propaganda designed to promote or incite racial or ethnic discrimination directed against them.\r\nArticle 9\r\nIndigenous peoples and individuals have the right to belong to an indigenous community or nation, in accordance with the traditions and customs of the community or nation concerned. No discrimina- tion of any kind may arise from the exercise of such a right.\r\n\r\nArticle 10\r\nIndigenous peoples shall not be forcibly removed from their lands or territories. No relocation shall take place without the free, prior and informed consent of the indigenous peoples concerned and after agreement on just and fair compensation and, where possible, with the option of return.\r\nArticle 11\r\n1. Indigenous peoples have the right to practise and revitalize their cultural traditions and customs. This includes the right to maintain, protect and develop the past, present and future manifestations of their cultures, such as archaeological and historical sites, artefacts, designs, ceremonies, technologies and visual and performing arts and literature.\r\n2. States shall provide redress through effective mechanisms, which may include restitution, developed in conjunction with indigenous peoples, with respect to their cultural, intellectual, religious and spir- itual property taken without their free, prior and informed consent or in violation of their laws, traditions and customs.\r\nArticle 12\r\n1. Indigenous peoples have the right to manifest, practise, develop and teach their spiritual and religious traditions, customs and cer- emonies; the right to maintain, protect, and have access in privacy to their religious and cultural sites; the right to the use and control of their ceremonial objects; and the right to the repatriation of their human remains.\r\n2. States shall seek to enable the access and/or repatriation of cer- emonial objects and human remains in their possession through fair, transparent and effective mechanisms developed in conjunction with indigenous peoples concerned.\r\n\r\nArticle 13\r\n1. Indigenous peoples have the right to revitalize, use, develop and transmit to future generations their histories, languages, oral tradi- tions, philosophies, writing systems and literatures, and to designate and retain their own names for communities, places and persons.\r\n2. States shall take effective measures to ensure that this right is protected and also to ensure that indigenous peoples can understand and be understood in political, legal and administrative proceedings, where necessary through the provision of interpretation or by other appropriate means.\r\nArticle 14\r\n1. Indigenous peoples have the right to establish and control their educational systems and institutions providing education in their own languages, in a manner appropriate to their cultural methods of teaching and learning.\r\n2. Indigenous individuals, particularly children, have the right to all levels and forms of education of the State without discrimina- tion.\r\n3. States shall, in conjunction with indigenous peoples, take effect-tive measures, in order for indigenous individuals, particularly chil-dren, including those living outside their communities, to have access, when possible, to an education in their own culture and pro- vided in their own language.\r\nArticle 15\r\n1. Indigenous peoples have the right to the dignity and diversity of their cultures, traditions, histories and aspirations which shall be appropriately reflected in education and public information.\r\n2. States shall take effective measures, in consultation and coopera- tion with the indigenous peoples concerned, to combat prejudice and eliminate discrimination and to promote tolerance, understand- ing and good relations among indigenous peoples and all other seg- ments of society.\r\nArticle 16\r\n1. Indigenous peoples have the right to establish their own media in their own languages and to have access to all forms of non-indigenous media without discrimination.\r\n\r\n2. States shall take effective measures to ensure that State-owned media duly reflect indigenous cultural diversity. States, without prejudice to ensuring full freedom of expression, should encour- age privately owned media to adequately reflect indigenous cultural diversity.\r\nArticle 17\r\n1. Indigenous individuals and peoples have the right to enjoy fully all rights established under applicable international and domestic labour law.\r\n2. States shall in consultation and cooperation with indigenous peoples take specific measures to protect indigenous children from economic exploitation and from performing any work that is likely to be hazardous or to interfere with the child’s education, or to be harmful to the child’s health or physical, mental, spiritual, moral or social development, taking into account their special vulnerability and the importance of education for their empowerment.\r\n3. Indigenous individuals have the right not to be subjected to any discriminatory conditions of labour and, inter alia, employment or salary.\r\nArticle 18\r\nIndigenous peoples have the right to participate in decision-making in matters which would affect their rights, through representatives chosen by themselves in accordance with their own procedures, as well as to maintain and develop their own indigenous decision- making institutions.\r\nArticle 19\r\nStates shall consult and cooperate in good faith with the indigenous peoples concerned through their own representative institutions in order to obtain their free, prior and informed consent before adopt- ing and implementing legislative or administrative measures that may affect them.\r\nArticle 20\r\n1. Indigenous peoples have the right to maintain and develop their political, economic and social systems or institutions, to be secure in the enjoyment of their own means of subsistence and develop- ment, and to engage freely in all their traditional and other eco- nomic activities.\r\n\r\n2. Indigenous peoples deprived of their means of subsistence and development are entitled to just and fair redress\r\n\r\nArticle 21\r\n1. Indigenous peoples have the right, without discrimination, to the improvement of their economic and social conditions, including, inter alia, in the areas of education, employment, vocational training and retraining, housing, sanitation, health and social security.\r\n2. States shall take effective measures and, where appropriate, spe- cial measures to ensure continuing improvement of their economic and social conditions. Particular attention shall be paid to the rights and special needs of indigenous elders, women, youth, children and persons with disabilities.\r\nArticle 22\r\n1. Particular attention shall be paid to the rights and special needs of indigenous elders, women, youth, children and persons with dis- abilities in the implementation of this Declaration.\r\n2. States shall take measures, in conjunction with indigenous peoples, to ensure that indigenous women and children enjoy the full protection and guarantees against all forms of violence and discrimination.\r\nArticle 23\r\nIndigenous peoples have the right to determine and develop pri- orities and strategies for exercising their right to development. In particular, indigenous peoples have the right to be actively involved in developing and determining health, housing and other economic and social programmes affecting them and, as far as possible, to administer such programmes through their own institutions.\r\nArticle 24\r\n1. Indigenous peoples have the right to their traditional medicines and to maintain their health practices, including the conservation of their vital medicinal plants, animals and minerals. Indigenous indi- viduals also have the right to access, without any discrimination, to all social and health services.\r\n2. Indigenous individuals have an equal right to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health. States shall take the necessary steps with a view to achieving progressively the full realization of this right.\r\nArticle 25\r\nIndigenous peoples have the right to maintain and strengthen their distinctive spiritual relationship with their traditionally owned or otherwise occupied and used lands, territories, waters and coastal seas and other resources and to uphold their responsibilities to future generations in this regard.\r\nArticle 26\r\n1. Indigenous peoples have the right to the lands, territories and resources which they have traditionally owned, occupied or other- wise used or acquired.\r\n2. Indigenous peoples have the right to own, use, develop and control the lands, territories and resources that they possess by rea- son of traditional ownership or other traditional occupation or use, as well as those which they have otherwise acquired.\r\n3. States shall give legal recognition and protection to these lands, territories and resources. Such recognition shall be conducted with due respect to the customs, traditions and land tenure systems of the indigenous peoples concerned.\r\nArticle 27\r\nStates shall establish and implement, in conjunction with indige- nous peoples concerned, a fair, independent, impartial, open and transparent process, giving due recognition to indigenous peoples’ laws, traditions, customs and land tenure systems, to recognize and adjudicate the rights of indigenous peoples pertaining to their lands, territories and resources, including those which were traditionally owned or otherwise occupied or used. Indigenous peoples shall have the right to participate in this process.\r\nArticle 28\r\n1. Indigenous peoples have the right to redress, by means that can include restitution or, when this is not possible, just, fair and equita- ble compensation, for the lands, territories and resources which they have traditionally owned or otherwise occupied or used, and which have been confiscated, taken, occupied, used or damaged without their free, prior and informed consent.\r\n2. Unless otherwise freely agreed upon by the peoples concerned, compensation shall take the form of lands, territories and resources\r\nequal in quality, size and legal status or of monetary compensation or other appropriate redress.\r\nArticle 29\r\n1. Indigenous peoples have the right to the conservation and pro- tection of the environment and the productive capacity of their lands or territories and resources. States shall establish and implement assistance programmes for indigenous peoples for such conservation and protection, without discrimination.\r\n2. States shall take effective measures to ensure that no storage or disposal of hazardous materials shall take place in the lands or ter- ritories of indigenous peoples without their free, prior and informed consent.\r\n3. States shall also take effective measures to ensure, as needed, that programmes for monitoring, maintaining and restoring the health of indigenous peoples, as developed and implemented by the peoples affected by such materials, are duly implemented.\r\n\r\nArticle 30\r\n1. Military activities shall not take place in the lands or territories of indigenous peoples, unless justified by a relevant public interest or otherwise freely agreed with or requested by the indigenous peoples concerned. 2. States shall undertake effective consultations with the indig- enous peoples concerned, through appropriate procedures and in particular through their representative institutions, prior to using their lands or territories for military activities.\r\nArticle 31\r\n1. Indigenous peoples have the right to maintain, control, protect and develop their cultural heritage, traditional knowledge and tra- ditional cultural expressions, as well as the manifestations of their sciences, technologies and cultures, including human and genetic resources, seeds, medicines, knowledge of the properties of fauna and flora, oral traditions, literatures, designs, sports and traditional games and visual and performing arts. They also have the right to maintain, control, protect and develop their intellectual property over such cultural heritage, traditional knowledge, and traditional cultural expressions.\r\n\r\n2. In conjunction with indigenous peoples, States shall take effec- tive measures to recognize and protect the exercise of these rights.\r\nArticle 32\r\n1. Indigenous peoples have the right to determine and develop priorities and strategies for the development or use of their lands or territories and other resources.\r\n2. States shall consult and cooperate in good faith with the indig- enous peoples concerned through their own representative institu- tions in order to obtain their free and informed consent prior to the approval of any project affecting their lands or territories and other resources, particularly in connection with the development, utiliza- tion or exploitation of mineral, water or other resources. 3. States shall provide effective mechanisms for just and fair redress for any such activities, and appropriate measures shall be taken to mitigate adverse environmental, economic, social, cultural or spiri- tual impact.\r\nArticle 33\r\n1. Indigenous peoples have the right to determine their own iden- tity or membership in accordance with their customs and traditions. This does not impair the right of indigenous individuals to obtain citizenship of the States in which they live. 2. Indigenous peoples have the right to determine the structures and to select the membership of their institutions in accordance with their own procedures.\r\nArticle 34\r\nIndigenous peoples have the right to promote, develop and main- tain their institutional structures and their distinctive customs, spiri- tuality, traditions, procedures, practices and, in the cases where they exist, juridical systems or customs, in accordance with international human rights standards.\r\nArticle 35\r\nIndigenous peoples have the right to determine the responsibilities of individuals to their communities.\r\n\r\nArticle 36\r\n1. Indigenous peoples, in particular those divided by international borders, have the right to maintain and develop contacts, relations and cooperation, including activities for spiritual, cultural, political, economic and social purposes, with their own members as well as other peoples across borders.\r\n2. States, in consultation and cooperation with indigenous peo- ples, shall take effective measures to facilitate the exercise and ensure the implementation of this right.\r\nArticle 37\r\n1. Indigenous peoples have the right to the recognition, observ- ance and enforcement of treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements concluded with States or their successors and to have States honour and respect such treaties, agreements and other con- structive arrangements.\r\n2. Nothing in this Declaration may be interpreted as diminishing or eliminating the rights of indigenous peoples contained in treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements.\r\nArticle 38\r\nStates, in consultation and cooperation with indigenous peoples, shall take the appropriate measures, including legislative measures, to achieve the ends of this Declaration.\r\nArticle 39\r\nIndigenous peoples have the right to have access to financial and technical assistance from States and through international coopera- tion, for the enjoyment of the rights contained in this Declaration.\r\nArticle 40\r\nIndigenous peoples have the right to access to and prompt decision through just and fair procedures for the resolution of conflicts and disputes with States or other parties, as well as to effective remedies for all infringements of their individual and collective rights. Such a decision shall give due consideration to the customs, traditions, rules and legal systems of the indigenous peoples concerned and international human rights.\r\n\r\nArticle 41\r\nThe organs and specialized agencies of the United Nations system and other intergovernmental organizations shall contribute to the full realization of the provisions of this Declaration through the mobiliza- tion, inter alia, of financial cooperation and technical assistance. Ways and means of ensuring participation of indigenous peoples on issues affecting them shall be established.\r\nArticle 42\r\nThe United Nations, its bodies, including the Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues, and specialized agencies, including at the coun- try level, and States shall promote respect for and full application of the provisions of this Declaration and follow up the effectiveness of this Declaration.\r\nArticle 43\r\nThe rights recognized herein constitute the minimum standards for the survival, dignity and well-being of the indigenous peoples of the world.\r\nArticle 44\r\nAll the rights and freedoms recognized herein are equally guaran- teed to male and female indigenous individuals.\r\nArticle 45\r\nNothing in this Declaration may be construed as diminishing or extinguishing the rights indigenous peoples have now or may acquire in the future.\r\nArticle 46\r\n1. Nothing in this Declaration may be interpreted as implying for any State, people, group or person any right to engage in any activity or to perform any act contrary to the Charter of the United Nations or construed as authorizing or encouraging any action which would dismember or impair, totally or in part, the territorial integrity or political unity of sovereign and independent States.\r\n2. In the exercise of the rights enunciated in the present Dec- laration, human rights and fundamental freedoms of all shall be respected. The exercise of the rights set forth in this Declaration shall be subject only to such limitations as are determined by law and in accordance with international human rights obligations. Any such limitations shall be non-discriminatory and strictly necessary solely for the purpose of securing due recognition and respect for the rights and freedoms of others and for meeting the just and most compelling requirements of a democratic society. 3. The provisions set forth in this Declaration shall be interpreted in accordance with the principles of justice, democracy, respect for human rights, equality, non-discrimination, good governance and good faith.\r\nThese United Nations articles on united Nations Declaration on the rights of the indigenous people which Nigeria is a signatory to has proven beyond every reasonable doubt that the Indigenous people of Biafra has every international rights and backing to continue in their pursuit for the Restoration of their sovereign state Biafra",
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2017/11/09 09:02:57
parent author
parent permlinkuncategorized
authorbenmarvel
permlinkipob-biafra-restoration-united-nations-backings-respect-undrips
titleIPOB: Biafra restoration has the United Nations Backings in respect to UNDRIPS
bodyThe agitation for the restoration of the sovereign and independent state of Biafra has been proven not being a mere agitation but an outstanding one which are following the international standard for self-determination to pursuit their quest for the total restoration of Biafra as sovereign state that will be able to detect the own future and that of their unborn generations come. The indigenous people of Biafra under the leadership of Mazi Nnamdi kanu has been proven right by the United nation’s declaration of the right of the indigenous people, this United Nation’s charter entails that “ Reaffirming that indigenous peoples, in the exercise of their rights, should be free from discrimination of any kind, Concerned that indigenous peoples have suffered from historic injus- tices as a result of, inter alia, their colonization and dispossession of their lands, territories and resources, thus preventing them from exercising, in particular, their right to development in accordance with their own needs and interests,” HERE IS THE ARTICLES AS IT PARTAKES TO THE RIGHTS OF THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLES ALL OVER THE WORLD [UNDRIPS] Concerned that indigenous peoples have suffered from historic injus- tices as a result of, inter alia, their colonization and dispossession of their lands, territories and resources, thus preventing them from exercising, in particular, their right to development in accordance with their own needs and interests, Recognizing the urgent need to respect and promote the inherent rights of indigenous peoples which derive from their political, eco- nomic and social structures and from their cultures, spiritual tradi- tions, histories and philosophies, especially their rights to their lands, territories and resources, Recognizing also the urgent need to respect and promote the rights of indigenous peoples affirmed in treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements with States, Welcoming the fact that indigenous peoples are organizing them- selves for political, economic, social and cultural enhancement and in order to bring to an end all forms of discrimination and oppres- sion wherever they occur, Convinced that control by indigenous peoples over developments affecting them and their lands, territories and resources will enable them to maintain and strengthen their institutions, cultures and tra- ditions, and to promote their development in accordance with their aspirations and needs, Recognizing that respect for indigenous knowledge, cultures and traditional practices contributes to sustainable and equitable devel- opment and proper management of the environment, Emphasizing the contribution of the demilitarization of the lands and territories of indigenous peoples to peace, economic and social progress and development, understanding and friendly relations among nations and peoples of the world, Recognizing in particular the right of indigenous families and com- munities to retain shared responsibility for the upbringing, training, education and well-being of their children, consistent with the rights of the child, Considering that the rights affirmed in treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements between States and indigenous peoples are, in some situations, matters of international concern, interest, responsibility and character, Considering also that treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements, and the relationship they represent, are the basis for a strengthened partnership between indigenous peoples and States, Acknowledging that the Charter of the United Nations, the Interna- tional Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights2 and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 2 as well as the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action, 3 affirm the funda- mental importance of the right to self-determination of all peoples, by virtue of which they freely determine their political status and freely pursue their economic, social and cultural development, Bearing in mind that nothing in this Declaration may be used to deny any peoples their right to self-determination, exercised in con- formity with international law, Convinced that the recognition of the rights of indigenous peoples in this Declaration will enhance harmonious and cooperative rela- tions between the State and indigenous peoples, based on principles of justice, democracy, respect for human rights, non-discrimination and good faith, Encouraging States to comply with and effectively implement all their obligations as they apply to indigenous peoples under inter- national instruments, in particular those related to human rights, in consultation and cooperation with the peoples concerned, Emphasizing that the United Nations has an important and continu- ing role to play in promoting and protecting the rights of indig- enous peoples, Believing that this Declaration is a further important step forward for the recognition, promotion and protection of the rights and freedoms of indigenous peoples and in the development of relevant activities of the United Nations system in this field, Recognizing and reaffirming that indigenous individuals are enti- tled without discrimination to all human rights recognized in inter- national law, and that indigenous peoples possess collective rights which are indispensable for their existence, well-being and integral development as peoples, Recognizing that the situation of indigenous peoples varies from region to region and from country to country and that the signifi- cance of national and regional particularities and various historical and cultural backgrounds should be taken into consideration, Solemnly proclaims the following United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples as a standard of achievement to be pursued in a spirit of partnership and mutual respect: Article 1 Indigenous peoples have the right to the full enjoyment, as a collec- tive or as individuals, of all human rights and fundamental freedoms as recognized in the Charter of the United Nations, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights4 and international human rights law. Article 2 Indigenous peoples and individuals are free and equal to all other peoples and individuals and have the right to be free from any kind of discrimination, in the exercise of their rights, in particular that based on their indigenous origin or identity. Article 3 Indigenous peoples have the right to self-determination. By virtue of that right they freely determine their political status and freely pursue their economic, social and cultural development. Article 4 Indigenous peoples, in exercising their right to self-determination, have the right to autonomy or self-government in matters relating to their internal and local affairs, as well as ways and means for financ- ing their autonomous functions. Article 5 Indigenous peoples have the right to maintain and strengthen their distinct political, legal, economic, social and cultural institutions, while retaining their right to participate fully, if they so choose, in the political, economic, social and cultural life of the State. Article 6 Every indigenous individual has the right to a nationality. Article 7 1. Indigenous individuals have the rights to life, physical and men- tal integrity, liberty and security of person. 2. Indigenous peoples have the collective right to live in freedom, peace and security as distinct peoples and shall not be subjected to any act of genocide or any other act of violence, including forcibly removing children of the group to another group. Article 8 1. Indigenous peoples and individuals have the right not to be subjected to forced assimilation or destruction of their culture. 2. States shall provide effective mechanisms for prevention of, and redress for: (a) Any action which has the aim or effect of depriving them of their integrity as distinct peoples, or of their cultural values or ethnic identities; (b) Any action which has the aim or effect of dispossessing them of their lands, territories or resources; (c) Any form of forced population transfer which has the aim or effect of violating or undermining any of their rights; (d) Any form of forced assimilation or integration; (e) Any form of propaganda designed to promote or incite racial or ethnic discrimination directed against them. Article 9 Indigenous peoples and individuals have the right to belong to an indigenous community or nation, in accordance with the traditions and customs of the community or nation concerned. No discrimina- tion of any kind may arise from the exercise of such a right. Article 10 Indigenous peoples shall not be forcibly removed from their lands or territories. No relocation shall take place without the free, prior and informed consent of the indigenous peoples concerned and after agreement on just and fair compensation and, where possible, with the option of return. Article 11 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to practise and revitalize their cultural traditions and customs. This includes the right to maintain, protect and develop the past, present and future manifestations of their cultures, such as archaeological and historical sites, artefacts, designs, ceremonies, technologies and visual and performing arts and literature. 2. States shall provide redress through effective mechanisms, which may include restitution, developed in conjunction with indigenous peoples, with respect to their cultural, intellectual, religious and spir- itual property taken without their free, prior and informed consent or in violation of their laws, traditions and customs. Article 12 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to manifest, practise, develop and teach their spiritual and religious traditions, customs and cer- emonies; the right to maintain, protect, and have access in privacy to their religious and cultural sites; the right to the use and control of their ceremonial objects; and the right to the repatriation of their human remains. 2. States shall seek to enable the access and/or repatriation of cer- emonial objects and human remains in their possession through fair, transparent and effective mechanisms developed in conjunction with indigenous peoples concerned. Article 13 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to revitalize, use, develop and transmit to future generations their histories, languages, oral tradi- tions, philosophies, writing systems and literatures, and to designate and retain their own names for communities, places and persons. 2. States shall take effective measures to ensure that this right is protected and also to ensure that indigenous peoples can understand and be understood in political, legal and administrative proceedings, where necessary through the provision of interpretation or by other appropriate means. Article 14 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to establish and control their educational systems and institutions providing education in their own languages, in a manner appropriate to their cultural methods of teaching and learning. 2. Indigenous individuals, particularly children, have the right to all levels and forms of education of the State without discrimina- tion. 3. States shall, in conjunction with indigenous peoples, take effect-tive measures, in order for indigenous individuals, particularly chil-dren, including those living outside their communities, to have access, when possible, to an education in their own culture and pro- vided in their own language. Article 15 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to the dignity and diversity of their cultures, traditions, histories and aspirations which shall be appropriately reflected in education and public information. 2. States shall take effective measures, in consultation and coopera- tion with the indigenous peoples concerned, to combat prejudice and eliminate discrimination and to promote tolerance, understand- ing and good relations among indigenous peoples and all other seg- ments of society. Article 16 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to establish their own media in their own languages and to have access to all forms of non-indigenous media without discrimination. 2. States shall take effective measures to ensure that State-owned media duly reflect indigenous cultural diversity. States, without prejudice to ensuring full freedom of expression, should encour- age privately owned media to adequately reflect indigenous cultural diversity. Article 17 1. Indigenous individuals and peoples have the right to enjoy fully all rights established under applicable international and domestic labour law. 2. States shall in consultation and cooperation with indigenous peoples take specific measures to protect indigenous children from economic exploitation and from performing any work that is likely to be hazardous or to interfere with the child’s education, or to be harmful to the child’s health or physical, mental, spiritual, moral or social development, taking into account their special vulnerability and the importance of education for their empowerment. 3. Indigenous individuals have the right not to be subjected to any discriminatory conditions of labour and, inter alia, employment or salary. Article 18 Indigenous peoples have the right to participate in decision-making in matters which would affect their rights, through representatives chosen by themselves in accordance with their own procedures, as well as to maintain and develop their own indigenous decision- making institutions. Article 19 States shall consult and cooperate in good faith with the indigenous peoples concerned through their own representative institutions in order to obtain their free, prior and informed consent before adopt- ing and implementing legislative or administrative measures that may affect them. Article 20 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to maintain and develop their political, economic and social systems or institutions, to be secure in the enjoyment of their own means of subsistence and develop- ment, and to engage freely in all their traditional and other eco- nomic activities. 2. Indigenous peoples deprived of their means of subsistence and development are entitled to just and fair redress Article 21 1. Indigenous peoples have the right, without discrimination, to the improvement of their economic and social conditions, including, inter alia, in the areas of education, employment, vocational training and retraining, housing, sanitation, health and social security. 2. States shall take effective measures and, where appropriate, spe- cial measures to ensure continuing improvement of their economic and social conditions. Particular attention shall be paid to the rights and special needs of indigenous elders, women, youth, children and persons with disabilities. Article 22 1. Particular attention shall be paid to the rights and special needs of indigenous elders, women, youth, children and persons with dis- abilities in the implementation of this Declaration. 2. States shall take measures, in conjunction with indigenous peoples, to ensure that indigenous women and children enjoy the full protection and guarantees against all forms of violence and discrimination. Article 23 Indigenous peoples have the right to determine and develop pri- orities and strategies for exercising their right to development. In particular, indigenous peoples have the right to be actively involved in developing and determining health, housing and other economic and social programmes affecting them and, as far as possible, to administer such programmes through their own institutions. Article 24 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to their traditional medicines and to maintain their health practices, including the conservation of their vital medicinal plants, animals and minerals. Indigenous indi- viduals also have the right to access, without any discrimination, to all social and health services. 2. Indigenous individuals have an equal right to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health. States shall take the necessary steps with a view to achieving progressively the full realization of this right. Article 25 Indigenous peoples have the right to maintain and strengthen their distinctive spiritual relationship with their traditionally owned or otherwise occupied and used lands, territories, waters and coastal seas and other resources and to uphold their responsibilities to future generations in this regard. Article 26 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to the lands, territories and resources which they have traditionally owned, occupied or other- wise used or acquired. 2. Indigenous peoples have the right to own, use, develop and control the lands, territories and resources that they possess by rea- son of traditional ownership or other traditional occupation or use, as well as those which they have otherwise acquired. 3. States shall give legal recognition and protection to these lands, territories and resources. Such recognition shall be conducted with due respect to the customs, traditions and land tenure systems of the indigenous peoples concerned. Article 27 States shall establish and implement, in conjunction with indige- nous peoples concerned, a fair, independent, impartial, open and transparent process, giving due recognition to indigenous peoples’ laws, traditions, customs and land tenure systems, to recognize and adjudicate the rights of indigenous peoples pertaining to their lands, territories and resources, including those which were traditionally owned or otherwise occupied or used. Indigenous peoples shall have the right to participate in this process. Article 28 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to redress, by means that can include restitution or, when this is not possible, just, fair and equita- ble compensation, for the lands, territories and resources which they have traditionally owned or otherwise occupied or used, and which have been confiscated, taken, occupied, used or damaged without their free, prior and informed consent. 2. Unless otherwise freely agreed upon by the peoples concerned, compensation shall take the form of lands, territories and resources equal in quality, size and legal status or of monetary compensation or other appropriate redress. Article 29 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to the conservation and pro- tection of the environment and the productive capacity of their lands or territories and resources. States shall establish and implement assistance programmes for indigenous peoples for such conservation and protection, without discrimination. 2. States shall take effective measures to ensure that no storage or disposal of hazardous materials shall take place in the lands or ter- ritories of indigenous peoples without their free, prior and informed consent. 3. States shall also take effective measures to ensure, as needed, that programmes for monitoring, maintaining and restoring the health of indigenous peoples, as developed and implemented by the peoples affected by such materials, are duly implemented. Article 30 1. Military activities shall not take place in the lands or territories of indigenous peoples, unless justified by a relevant public interest or otherwise freely agreed with or requested by the indigenous peoples concerned. 2. States shall undertake effective consultations with the indig- enous peoples concerned, through appropriate procedures and in particular through their representative institutions, prior to using their lands or territories for military activities. Article 31 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to maintain, control, protect and develop their cultural heritage, traditional knowledge and tra- ditional cultural expressions, as well as the manifestations of their sciences, technologies and cultures, including human and genetic resources, seeds, medicines, knowledge of the properties of fauna and flora, oral traditions, literatures, designs, sports and traditional games and visual and performing arts. They also have the right to maintain, control, protect and develop their intellectual property over such cultural heritage, traditional knowledge, and traditional cultural expressions. 2. In conjunction with indigenous peoples, States shall take effec- tive measures to recognize and protect the exercise of these rights. Article 32 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to determine and develop priorities and strategies for the development or use of their lands or territories and other resources. 2. States shall consult and cooperate in good faith with the indig- enous peoples concerned through their own representative institu- tions in order to obtain their free and informed consent prior to the approval of any project affecting their lands or territories and other resources, particularly in connection with the development, utiliza- tion or exploitation of mineral, water or other resources. 3. States shall provide effective mechanisms for just and fair redress for any such activities, and appropriate measures shall be taken to mitigate adverse environmental, economic, social, cultural or spiri- tual impact. Article 33 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to determine their own iden- tity or membership in accordance with their customs and traditions. This does not impair the right of indigenous individuals to obtain citizenship of the States in which they live. 2. Indigenous peoples have the right to determine the structures and to select the membership of their institutions in accordance with their own procedures. Article 34 Indigenous peoples have the right to promote, develop and main- tain their institutional structures and their distinctive customs, spiri- tuality, traditions, procedures, practices and, in the cases where they exist, juridical systems or customs, in accordance with international human rights standards. Article 35 Indigenous peoples have the right to determine the responsibilities of individuals to their communities. Article 36 1. Indigenous peoples, in particular those divided by international borders, have the right to maintain and develop contacts, relations and cooperation, including activities for spiritual, cultural, political, economic and social purposes, with their own members as well as other peoples across borders. 2. States, in consultation and cooperation with indigenous peo- ples, shall take effective measures to facilitate the exercise and ensure the implementation of this right. Article 37 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to the recognition, observ- ance and enforcement of treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements concluded with States or their successors and to have States honour and respect such treaties, agreements and other con- structive arrangements. 2. Nothing in this Declaration may be interpreted as diminishing or eliminating the rights of indigenous peoples contained in treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements. Article 38 States, in consultation and cooperation with indigenous peoples, shall take the appropriate measures, including legislative measures, to achieve the ends of this Declaration. Article 39 Indigenous peoples have the right to have access to financial and technical assistance from States and through international coopera- tion, for the enjoyment of the rights contained in this Declaration. Article 40 Indigenous peoples have the right to access to and prompt decision through just and fair procedures for the resolution of conflicts and disputes with States or other parties, as well as to effective remedies for all infringements of their individual and collective rights. Such a decision shall give due consideration to the customs, traditions, rules and legal systems of the indigenous peoples concerned and international human rights. Article 41 The organs and specialized agencies of the United Nations system and other intergovernmental organizations shall contribute to the full realization of the provisions of this Declaration through the mobiliza- tion, inter alia, of financial cooperation and technical assistance. Ways and means of ensuring participation of indigenous peoples on issues affecting them shall be established. Article 42 The United Nations, its bodies, including the Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues, and specialized agencies, including at the coun- try level, and States shall promote respect for and full application of the provisions of this Declaration and follow up the effectiveness of this Declaration. Article 43 The rights recognized herein constitute the minimum standards for the survival, dignity and well-being of the indigenous peoples of the world. Article 44 All the rights and freedoms recognized herein are equally guaran- teed to male and female indigenous individuals. Article 45 Nothing in this Declaration may be construed as diminishing or extinguishing the rights indigenous peoples have now or may acquire in the future. Article 46 1. Nothing in this Declaration may be interpreted as implying for any State, people, group or person any right to engage in any activity or to perform any act contrary to the Charter of the United Nations or construed as authorizing or encouraging any action which would dismember or impair, totally or in part, the territorial integrity or political unity of sovereign and independent States. 2. In the exercise of the rights enunciated in the present Dec- laration, human rights and fundamental freedoms of all shall be respected. The exercise of the rights set forth in this Declaration shall be subject only to such limitations as are determined by law and in accordance with international human rights obligations. Any such limitations shall be non-discriminatory and strictly necessary solely for the purpose of securing due recognition and respect for the rights and freedoms of others and for meeting the just and most compelling requirements of a democratic society. 3. The provisions set forth in this Declaration shall be interpreted in accordance with the principles of justice, democracy, respect for human rights, equality, non-discrimination, good governance and good faith. These United Nations articles on united Nations Declaration on the rights of the indigenous people which Nigeria is a signatory to has proven beyond every reasonable doubt that the Indigenous people of Biafra has every international rights and backing to continue in their pursuit for the Restoration of their sovereign state Biafra
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      "author": "benmarvel",
      "permlink": "ipob-biafra-restoration-united-nations-backings-respect-undrips",
      "title": "IPOB: Biafra restoration has the United Nations Backings in respect to UNDRIPS",
      "body": "The agitation for the restoration of the sovereign and independent state of Biafra has been proven not being a mere agitation but an outstanding one which are following the international standard for self-determination to pursuit their quest for the total restoration of Biafra as sovereign state that will be able to detect the own future and that of their unborn generations come.\r\nThe indigenous people of Biafra under the leadership of Mazi Nnamdi kanu has been proven right by the United nation’s declaration of the right of the indigenous people, this United Nation’s charter entails that “\r\nReaffirming that indigenous peoples, in the exercise of their rights, should be free from discrimination of any kind,\r\n\r\nConcerned that indigenous peoples have suffered from historic injus- tices as a result of, inter alia, their colonization and dispossession of their lands, territories and resources, thus preventing them from exercising, in particular, their right to development in accordance with their own needs and interests,”\r\nHERE IS THE ARTICLES AS IT PARTAKES TO THE RIGHTS OF THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLES ALL OVER THE WORLD [UNDRIPS]\r\nConcerned that indigenous peoples have suffered from historic injus- tices as a result of, inter alia, their colonization and dispossession of their lands, territories and resources, thus preventing them from exercising, in particular, their right to development in accordance with their own needs and interests, Recognizing the urgent need to respect and promote the inherent rights of indigenous peoples which derive from their political, eco- nomic and social structures and from their cultures, spiritual tradi- tions, histories and philosophies, especially their rights to their lands, territories and resources, Recognizing also the urgent need to respect and promote the rights of indigenous peoples affirmed in treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements with States, Welcoming the fact that indigenous peoples are organizing them- selves for political, economic, social and cultural enhancement and in order to bring to an end all forms of discrimination and oppres- sion wherever they occur, Convinced that control by indigenous peoples over developments affecting them and their lands, territories and resources will enable them to maintain and strengthen their institutions, cultures and tra- ditions, and to promote their development in accordance with their aspirations and needs, Recognizing that respect for indigenous knowledge, cultures and traditional practices contributes to sustainable and equitable devel- opment and proper management of the environment, Emphasizing the contribution of the demilitarization of the lands and territories of indigenous peoples to peace, economic and social\r\n\r\nprogress and development, understanding and friendly relations among nations and peoples of the world, Recognizing in particular the right of indigenous families and com- munities to retain shared responsibility for the upbringing, training, education and well-being of their children, consistent with the rights of the child, Considering that the rights affirmed in treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements between States and indigenous peoples are, in some situations, matters of international concern, interest, responsibility and character, Considering also that treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements, and the relationship they represent, are the basis for a strengthened partnership between indigenous peoples and States, Acknowledging that the Charter of the United Nations, the Interna- tional Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights2 and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights,\r\n2 as well as the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action,\r\n3 affirm the funda- mental importance of the right to self-determination of all peoples, by virtue of which they freely determine their political status and freely pursue their economic, social and cultural development, Bearing in mind that nothing in this Declaration may be used to deny any peoples their right to self-determination, exercised in con- formity with international law, Convinced that the recognition of the rights of indigenous peoples in this Declaration will enhance harmonious and cooperative rela- tions between the State and indigenous peoples, based on principles of justice, democracy, respect for human rights, non-discrimination and good faith, Encouraging States to comply with and effectively implement all their obligations as they apply to indigenous peoples under inter- national instruments, in particular those related to human rights, in consultation and cooperation with the peoples concerned, Emphasizing that the United Nations has an important and continu- ing role to play in promoting and protecting the rights of indig- enous peoples,\r\n\r\nBelieving that this Declaration is a further important step forward for the recognition, promotion and protection of the rights and freedoms of indigenous peoples and in the development of relevant activities of the United Nations system in this field, Recognizing and reaffirming that indigenous individuals are enti- tled without discrimination to all human rights recognized in inter- national law, and that indigenous peoples possess collective rights which are indispensable for their existence, well-being and integral development as peoples, Recognizing that the situation of indigenous peoples varies from region to region and from country to country and that the signifi- cance of national and regional particularities and various historical and cultural backgrounds should be taken into consideration, Solemnly proclaims the following United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples as a standard of achievement to be pursued in a spirit of partnership and mutual respect:\r\nArticle 1\r\nIndigenous peoples have the right to the full enjoyment, as a collec- tive or as individuals, of all human rights and fundamental freedoms as recognized in the Charter of the United Nations, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights4 and international human rights law.\r\nArticle 2\r\nIndigenous peoples and individuals are free and equal to all other peoples and individuals and have the right to be free from any kind of discrimination, in the exercise of their rights, in particular that based on their indigenous origin or identity.\r\nArticle 3\r\nIndigenous peoples have the right to self-determination. By virtue of that right they freely determine their political status and freely pursue their economic, social and cultural development.\r\nArticle 4\r\nIndigenous peoples, in exercising their right to self-determination, have the right to autonomy or self-government in matters relating to their internal and local affairs, as well as ways and means for financ- ing their autonomous functions.\r\n\r\nArticle 5\r\nIndigenous peoples have the right to maintain and strengthen their distinct political, legal, economic, social and cultural institutions, while retaining their right to participate fully, if they so choose, in the political, economic, social and cultural life of the State.\r\nArticle 6\r\nEvery indigenous individual has the right to a nationality.\r\nArticle 7\r\n1. Indigenous individuals have the rights to life, physical and men- tal integrity, liberty and security of person.\r\n2. Indigenous peoples have the collective right to live in freedom, peace and security as distinct peoples and shall not be subjected to any act of genocide or any other act of violence, including forcibly removing children of the group to another group.\r\nArticle 8\r\n1. Indigenous peoples and individuals have the right not to be subjected to forced assimilation or destruction of their culture.\r\n2. States shall provide effective mechanisms for prevention of, and redress for:\r\n(a) Any action which has the aim or effect of depriving them of their integrity as distinct peoples, or of their cultural values or ethnic identities;\r\n(b) Any action which has the aim or effect of dispossessing them of their lands, territories or resources; (c) Any form of forced population transfer which has the aim or effect of violating or undermining any of their rights; (d) Any form of forced assimilation or integration; (e) Any form of propaganda designed to promote or incite racial or ethnic discrimination directed against them.\r\nArticle 9\r\nIndigenous peoples and individuals have the right to belong to an indigenous community or nation, in accordance with the traditions and customs of the community or nation concerned. No discrimina- tion of any kind may arise from the exercise of such a right.\r\n\r\nArticle 10\r\nIndigenous peoples shall not be forcibly removed from their lands or territories. No relocation shall take place without the free, prior and informed consent of the indigenous peoples concerned and after agreement on just and fair compensation and, where possible, with the option of return.\r\nArticle 11\r\n1. Indigenous peoples have the right to practise and revitalize their cultural traditions and customs. This includes the right to maintain, protect and develop the past, present and future manifestations of their cultures, such as archaeological and historical sites, artefacts, designs, ceremonies, technologies and visual and performing arts and literature.\r\n2. States shall provide redress through effective mechanisms, which may include restitution, developed in conjunction with indigenous peoples, with respect to their cultural, intellectual, religious and spir- itual property taken without their free, prior and informed consent or in violation of their laws, traditions and customs.\r\nArticle 12\r\n1. Indigenous peoples have the right to manifest, practise, develop and teach their spiritual and religious traditions, customs and cer- emonies; the right to maintain, protect, and have access in privacy to their religious and cultural sites; the right to the use and control of their ceremonial objects; and the right to the repatriation of their human remains.\r\n2. States shall seek to enable the access and/or repatriation of cer- emonial objects and human remains in their possession through fair, transparent and effective mechanisms developed in conjunction with indigenous peoples concerned.\r\n\r\nArticle 13\r\n1. Indigenous peoples have the right to revitalize, use, develop and transmit to future generations their histories, languages, oral tradi- tions, philosophies, writing systems and literatures, and to designate and retain their own names for communities, places and persons.\r\n2. States shall take effective measures to ensure that this right is protected and also to ensure that indigenous peoples can understand and be understood in political, legal and administrative proceedings, where necessary through the provision of interpretation or by other appropriate means.\r\nArticle 14\r\n1. Indigenous peoples have the right to establish and control their educational systems and institutions providing education in their own languages, in a manner appropriate to their cultural methods of teaching and learning.\r\n2. Indigenous individuals, particularly children, have the right to all levels and forms of education of the State without discrimina- tion.\r\n3. States shall, in conjunction with indigenous peoples, take effect-tive measures, in order for indigenous individuals, particularly chil-dren, including those living outside their communities, to have access, when possible, to an education in their own culture and pro- vided in their own language.\r\nArticle 15\r\n1. Indigenous peoples have the right to the dignity and diversity of their cultures, traditions, histories and aspirations which shall be appropriately reflected in education and public information.\r\n2. States shall take effective measures, in consultation and coopera- tion with the indigenous peoples concerned, to combat prejudice and eliminate discrimination and to promote tolerance, understand- ing and good relations among indigenous peoples and all other seg- ments of society.\r\nArticle 16\r\n1. Indigenous peoples have the right to establish their own media in their own languages and to have access to all forms of non-indigenous media without discrimination.\r\n\r\n2. States shall take effective measures to ensure that State-owned media duly reflect indigenous cultural diversity. States, without prejudice to ensuring full freedom of expression, should encour- age privately owned media to adequately reflect indigenous cultural diversity.\r\nArticle 17\r\n1. Indigenous individuals and peoples have the right to enjoy fully all rights established under applicable international and domestic labour law.\r\n2. States shall in consultation and cooperation with indigenous peoples take specific measures to protect indigenous children from economic exploitation and from performing any work that is likely to be hazardous or to interfere with the child’s education, or to be harmful to the child’s health or physical, mental, spiritual, moral or social development, taking into account their special vulnerability and the importance of education for their empowerment.\r\n3. Indigenous individuals have the right not to be subjected to any discriminatory conditions of labour and, inter alia, employment or salary.\r\nArticle 18\r\nIndigenous peoples have the right to participate in decision-making in matters which would affect their rights, through representatives chosen by themselves in accordance with their own procedures, as well as to maintain and develop their own indigenous decision- making institutions.\r\nArticle 19\r\nStates shall consult and cooperate in good faith with the indigenous peoples concerned through their own representative institutions in order to obtain their free, prior and informed consent before adopt- ing and implementing legislative or administrative measures that may affect them.\r\nArticle 20\r\n1. Indigenous peoples have the right to maintain and develop their political, economic and social systems or institutions, to be secure in the enjoyment of their own means of subsistence and develop- ment, and to engage freely in all their traditional and other eco- nomic activities.\r\n\r\n2. Indigenous peoples deprived of their means of subsistence and development are entitled to just and fair redress\r\n\r\nArticle 21\r\n1. Indigenous peoples have the right, without discrimination, to the improvement of their economic and social conditions, including, inter alia, in the areas of education, employment, vocational training and retraining, housing, sanitation, health and social security.\r\n2. States shall take effective measures and, where appropriate, spe- cial measures to ensure continuing improvement of their economic and social conditions. Particular attention shall be paid to the rights and special needs of indigenous elders, women, youth, children and persons with disabilities.\r\nArticle 22\r\n1. Particular attention shall be paid to the rights and special needs of indigenous elders, women, youth, children and persons with dis- abilities in the implementation of this Declaration.\r\n2. States shall take measures, in conjunction with indigenous peoples, to ensure that indigenous women and children enjoy the full protection and guarantees against all forms of violence and discrimination.\r\nArticle 23\r\nIndigenous peoples have the right to determine and develop pri- orities and strategies for exercising their right to development. In particular, indigenous peoples have the right to be actively involved in developing and determining health, housing and other economic and social programmes affecting them and, as far as possible, to administer such programmes through their own institutions.\r\nArticle 24\r\n1. Indigenous peoples have the right to their traditional medicines and to maintain their health practices, including the conservation of their vital medicinal plants, animals and minerals. Indigenous indi- viduals also have the right to access, without any discrimination, to all social and health services.\r\n2. Indigenous individuals have an equal right to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health. States shall take the necessary steps with a view to achieving progressively the full realization of this right.\r\nArticle 25\r\nIndigenous peoples have the right to maintain and strengthen their distinctive spiritual relationship with their traditionally owned or otherwise occupied and used lands, territories, waters and coastal seas and other resources and to uphold their responsibilities to future generations in this regard.\r\nArticle 26\r\n1. Indigenous peoples have the right to the lands, territories and resources which they have traditionally owned, occupied or other- wise used or acquired.\r\n2. Indigenous peoples have the right to own, use, develop and control the lands, territories and resources that they possess by rea- son of traditional ownership or other traditional occupation or use, as well as those which they have otherwise acquired.\r\n3. States shall give legal recognition and protection to these lands, territories and resources. Such recognition shall be conducted with due respect to the customs, traditions and land tenure systems of the indigenous peoples concerned.\r\nArticle 27\r\nStates shall establish and implement, in conjunction with indige- nous peoples concerned, a fair, independent, impartial, open and transparent process, giving due recognition to indigenous peoples’ laws, traditions, customs and land tenure systems, to recognize and adjudicate the rights of indigenous peoples pertaining to their lands, territories and resources, including those which were traditionally owned or otherwise occupied or used. Indigenous peoples shall have the right to participate in this process.\r\nArticle 28\r\n1. Indigenous peoples have the right to redress, by means that can include restitution or, when this is not possible, just, fair and equita- ble compensation, for the lands, territories and resources which they have traditionally owned or otherwise occupied or used, and which have been confiscated, taken, occupied, used or damaged without their free, prior and informed consent.\r\n2. Unless otherwise freely agreed upon by the peoples concerned, compensation shall take the form of lands, territories and resources\r\nequal in quality, size and legal status or of monetary compensation or other appropriate redress.\r\nArticle 29\r\n1. Indigenous peoples have the right to the conservation and pro- tection of the environment and the productive capacity of their lands or territories and resources. States shall establish and implement assistance programmes for indigenous peoples for such conservation and protection, without discrimination.\r\n2. States shall take effective measures to ensure that no storage or disposal of hazardous materials shall take place in the lands or ter- ritories of indigenous peoples without their free, prior and informed consent.\r\n3. States shall also take effective measures to ensure, as needed, that programmes for monitoring, maintaining and restoring the health of indigenous peoples, as developed and implemented by the peoples affected by such materials, are duly implemented.\r\n\r\nArticle 30\r\n1. Military activities shall not take place in the lands or territories of indigenous peoples, unless justified by a relevant public interest or otherwise freely agreed with or requested by the indigenous peoples concerned. 2. States shall undertake effective consultations with the indig- enous peoples concerned, through appropriate procedures and in particular through their representative institutions, prior to using their lands or territories for military activities.\r\nArticle 31\r\n1. Indigenous peoples have the right to maintain, control, protect and develop their cultural heritage, traditional knowledge and tra- ditional cultural expressions, as well as the manifestations of their sciences, technologies and cultures, including human and genetic resources, seeds, medicines, knowledge of the properties of fauna and flora, oral traditions, literatures, designs, sports and traditional games and visual and performing arts. They also have the right to maintain, control, protect and develop their intellectual property over such cultural heritage, traditional knowledge, and traditional cultural expressions.\r\n\r\n2. In conjunction with indigenous peoples, States shall take effec- tive measures to recognize and protect the exercise of these rights.\r\nArticle 32\r\n1. Indigenous peoples have the right to determine and develop priorities and strategies for the development or use of their lands or territories and other resources.\r\n2. States shall consult and cooperate in good faith with the indig- enous peoples concerned through their own representative institu- tions in order to obtain their free and informed consent prior to the approval of any project affecting their lands or territories and other resources, particularly in connection with the development, utiliza- tion or exploitation of mineral, water or other resources. 3. States shall provide effective mechanisms for just and fair redress for any such activities, and appropriate measures shall be taken to mitigate adverse environmental, economic, social, cultural or spiri- tual impact.\r\nArticle 33\r\n1. Indigenous peoples have the right to determine their own iden- tity or membership in accordance with their customs and traditions. This does not impair the right of indigenous individuals to obtain citizenship of the States in which they live. 2. Indigenous peoples have the right to determine the structures and to select the membership of their institutions in accordance with their own procedures.\r\nArticle 34\r\nIndigenous peoples have the right to promote, develop and main- tain their institutional structures and their distinctive customs, spiri- tuality, traditions, procedures, practices and, in the cases where they exist, juridical systems or customs, in accordance with international human rights standards.\r\nArticle 35\r\nIndigenous peoples have the right to determine the responsibilities of individuals to their communities.\r\n\r\nArticle 36\r\n1. Indigenous peoples, in particular those divided by international borders, have the right to maintain and develop contacts, relations and cooperation, including activities for spiritual, cultural, political, economic and social purposes, with their own members as well as other peoples across borders.\r\n2. States, in consultation and cooperation with indigenous peo- ples, shall take effective measures to facilitate the exercise and ensure the implementation of this right.\r\nArticle 37\r\n1. Indigenous peoples have the right to the recognition, observ- ance and enforcement of treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements concluded with States or their successors and to have States honour and respect such treaties, agreements and other con- structive arrangements.\r\n2. Nothing in this Declaration may be interpreted as diminishing or eliminating the rights of indigenous peoples contained in treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements.\r\nArticle 38\r\nStates, in consultation and cooperation with indigenous peoples, shall take the appropriate measures, including legislative measures, to achieve the ends of this Declaration.\r\nArticle 39\r\nIndigenous peoples have the right to have access to financial and technical assistance from States and through international coopera- tion, for the enjoyment of the rights contained in this Declaration.\r\nArticle 40\r\nIndigenous peoples have the right to access to and prompt decision through just and fair procedures for the resolution of conflicts and disputes with States or other parties, as well as to effective remedies for all infringements of their individual and collective rights. Such a decision shall give due consideration to the customs, traditions, rules and legal systems of the indigenous peoples concerned and international human rights.\r\n\r\nArticle 41\r\nThe organs and specialized agencies of the United Nations system and other intergovernmental organizations shall contribute to the full realization of the provisions of this Declaration through the mobiliza- tion, inter alia, of financial cooperation and technical assistance. Ways and means of ensuring participation of indigenous peoples on issues affecting them shall be established.\r\nArticle 42\r\nThe United Nations, its bodies, including the Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues, and specialized agencies, including at the coun- try level, and States shall promote respect for and full application of the provisions of this Declaration and follow up the effectiveness of this Declaration.\r\nArticle 43\r\nThe rights recognized herein constitute the minimum standards for the survival, dignity and well-being of the indigenous peoples of the world.\r\nArticle 44\r\nAll the rights and freedoms recognized herein are equally guaran- teed to male and female indigenous individuals.\r\nArticle 45\r\nNothing in this Declaration may be construed as diminishing or extinguishing the rights indigenous peoples have now or may acquire in the future.\r\nArticle 46\r\n1. Nothing in this Declaration may be interpreted as implying for any State, people, group or person any right to engage in any activity or to perform any act contrary to the Charter of the United Nations or construed as authorizing or encouraging any action which would dismember or impair, totally or in part, the territorial integrity or political unity of sovereign and independent States.\r\n2. In the exercise of the rights enunciated in the present Dec- laration, human rights and fundamental freedoms of all shall be respected. The exercise of the rights set forth in this Declaration shall be subject only to such limitations as are determined by law and in accordance with international human rights obligations. Any such limitations shall be non-discriminatory and strictly necessary solely for the purpose of securing due recognition and respect for the rights and freedoms of others and for meeting the just and most compelling requirements of a democratic society. 3. The provisions set forth in this Declaration shall be interpreted in accordance with the principles of justice, democracy, respect for human rights, equality, non-discrimination, good governance and good faith.\r\nThese United Nations articles on united Nations Declaration on the rights of the indigenous people which Nigeria is a signatory to has proven beyond every reasonable doubt that the Indigenous people of Biafra has every international rights and backing to continue in their pursuit for the Restoration of their sovereign state Biafra",
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2017/11/09 08:58:00
parent author
parent permlinkuncategorized
authorbenmarvel
permlinkipob-biafra-restoration-united-nations-backings-respect-undrips
titleIPOB: Biafra restoration has the United Nations Backings in respect to UNDRIPS
bodyThe agitation for the restoration of the sovereign and independent state of Biafra has been proven not being a mere agitation but an outstanding one which are following the international standard for self-determination to pursuit their quest for the total restoration of Biafra as sovereign state that will be able to detect the own future and that of their unborn generations come. The indigenous people of Biafra under the leadership of Mazi Nnamdi kanu has been proven right by the United nation’s declaration of the right of the indigenous people, this United Nation’s charter entails that “ Reaffirming that indigenous peoples, in the exercise of their rights, should be free from discrimination of any kind, Concerned that indigenous peoples have suffered from historic injus- tices as a result of, inter alia, their colonization and dispossession of their lands, territories and resources, thus preventing them from exercising, in particular, their right to development in accordance with their own needs and interests,” HERE IS THE ARTICLES AS IT PARTAKES TO THE RIGHTS OF THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLES ALL OVER THE WORLD [UNDRIPS] Concerned that indigenous peoples have suffered from historic injus- tices as a result of, inter alia, their colonization and dispossession of their lands, territories and resources, thus preventing them from exercising, in particular, their right to development in accordance with their own needs and interests, Recognizing the urgent need to respect and promote the inherent rights of indigenous peoples which derive from their political, eco- nomic and social structures and from their cultures, spiritual tradi- tions, histories and philosophies, especially their rights to their lands, territories and resources, Recognizing also the urgent need to respect and promote the rights of indigenous peoples affirmed in treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements with States, Welcoming the fact that indigenous peoples are organizing them- selves for political, economic, social and cultural enhancement and in order to bring to an end all forms of discrimination and oppres- sion wherever they occur, Convinced that control by indigenous peoples over developments affecting them and their lands, territories and resources will enable them to maintain and strengthen their institutions, cultures and tra- ditions, and to promote their development in accordance with their aspirations and needs, Recognizing that respect for indigenous knowledge, cultures and traditional practices contributes to sustainable and equitable devel- opment and proper management of the environment, Emphasizing the contribution of the demilitarization of the lands and territories of indigenous peoples to peace, economic and social progress and development, understanding and friendly relations among nations and peoples of the world, Recognizing in particular the right of indigenous families and com- munities to retain shared responsibility for the upbringing, training, education and well-being of their children, consistent with the rights of the child, Considering that the rights affirmed in treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements between States and indigenous peoples are, in some situations, matters of international concern, interest, responsibility and character, Considering also that treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements, and the relationship they represent, are the basis for a strengthened partnership between indigenous peoples and States, Acknowledging that the Charter of the United Nations, the Interna- tional Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights2 and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 2 as well as the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action, 3 affirm the funda- mental importance of the right to self-determination of all peoples, by virtue of which they freely determine their political status and freely pursue their economic, social and cultural development, Bearing in mind that nothing in this Declaration may be used to deny any peoples their right to self-determination, exercised in con- formity with international law, Convinced that the recognition of the rights of indigenous peoples in this Declaration will enhance harmonious and cooperative rela- tions between the State and indigenous peoples, based on principles of justice, democracy, respect for human rights, non-discrimination and good faith, Encouraging States to comply with and effectively implement all their obligations as they apply to indigenous peoples under inter- national instruments, in particular those related to human rights, in consultation and cooperation with the peoples concerned, Emphasizing that the United Nations has an important and continu- ing role to play in promoting and protecting the rights of indig- enous peoples, Believing that this Declaration is a further important step forward for the recognition, promotion and protection of the rights and freedoms of indigenous peoples and in the development of relevant activities of the United Nations system in this field, Recognizing and reaffirming that indigenous individuals are enti- tled without discrimination to all human rights recognized in inter- national law, and that indigenous peoples possess collective rights which are indispensable for their existence, well-being and integral development as peoples, Recognizing that the situation of indigenous peoples varies from region to region and from country to country and that the signifi- cance of national and regional particularities and various historical and cultural backgrounds should be taken into consideration, Solemnly proclaims the following United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples as a standard of achievement to be pursued in a spirit of partnership and mutual respect: Article 1 Indigenous peoples have the right to the full enjoyment, as a collec- tive or as individuals, of all human rights and fundamental freedoms as recognized in the Charter of the United Nations, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights4 and international human rights law. Article 2 Indigenous peoples and individuals are free and equal to all other peoples and individuals and have the right to be free from any kind of discrimination, in the exercise of their rights, in particular that based on their indigenous origin or identity. Article 3 Indigenous peoples have the right to self-determination. By virtue of that right they freely determine their political status and freely pursue their economic, social and cultural development. Article 4 Indigenous peoples, in exercising their right to self-determination, have the right to autonomy or self-government in matters relating to their internal and local affairs, as well as ways and means for financ- ing their autonomous functions. Article 5 Indigenous peoples have the right to maintain and strengthen their distinct political, legal, economic, social and cultural institutions, while retaining their right to participate fully, if they so choose, in the political, economic, social and cultural life of the State. Article 6 Every indigenous individual has the right to a nationality. Article 7 1. Indigenous individuals have the rights to life, physical and men- tal integrity, liberty and security of person. 2. Indigenous peoples have the collective right to live in freedom, peace and security as distinct peoples and shall not be subjected to any act of genocide or any other act of violence, including forcibly removing children of the group to another group. Article 8 1. Indigenous peoples and individuals have the right not to be subjected to forced assimilation or destruction of their culture. 2. States shall provide effective mechanisms for prevention of, and redress for: (a) Any action which has the aim or effect of depriving them of their integrity as distinct peoples, or of their cultural values or ethnic identities; (b) Any action which has the aim or effect of dispossessing them of their lands, territories or resources; (c) Any form of forced population transfer which has the aim or effect of violating or undermining any of their rights; (d) Any form of forced assimilation or integration; (e) Any form of propaganda designed to promote or incite racial or ethnic discrimination directed against them. Article 9 Indigenous peoples and individuals have the right to belong to an indigenous community or nation, in accordance with the traditions and customs of the community or nation concerned. No discrimina- tion of any kind may arise from the exercise of such a right. Article 10 Indigenous peoples shall not be forcibly removed from their lands or territories. No relocation shall take place without the free, prior and informed consent of the indigenous peoples concerned and after agreement on just and fair compensation and, where possible, with the option of return. Article 11 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to practise and revitalize their cultural traditions and customs. This includes the right to maintain, protect and develop the past, present and future manifestations of their cultures, such as archaeological and historical sites, artefacts, designs, ceremonies, technologies and visual and performing arts and literature. 2. States shall provide redress through effective mechanisms, which may include restitution, developed in conjunction with indigenous peoples, with respect to their cultural, intellectual, religious and spir- itual property taken without their free, prior and informed consent or in violation of their laws, traditions and customs. Article 12 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to manifest, practise, develop and teach their spiritual and religious traditions, customs and cer- emonies; the right to maintain, protect, and have access in privacy to their religious and cultural sites; the right to the use and control of their ceremonial objects; and the right to the repatriation of their human remains. 2. States shall seek to enable the access and/or repatriation of cer- emonial objects and human remains in their possession through fair, transparent and effective mechanisms developed in conjunction with indigenous peoples concerned. Article 13 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to revitalize, use, develop and transmit to future generations their histories, languages, oral tradi- tions, philosophies, writing systems and literatures, and to designate and retain their own names for communities, places and persons. 2. States shall take effective measures to ensure that this right is protected and also to ensure that indigenous peoples can understand and be understood in political, legal and administrative proceedings, where necessary through the provision of interpretation or by other appropriate means. Article 14 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to establish and control their educational systems and institutions providing education in their own languages, in a manner appropriate to their cultural methods of teaching and learning. 2. Indigenous individuals, particularly children, have the right to all levels and forms of education of the State without discrimina- tion. 3. States shall, in conjunction with indigenous peoples, take effect-tive measures, in order for indigenous individuals, particularly chil-dren, including those living outside their communities, to have access, when possible, to an education in their own culture and pro- vided in their own language. Article 15 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to the dignity and diversity of their cultures, traditions, histories and aspirations which shall be appropriately reflected in education and public information. 2. States shall take effective measures, in consultation and coopera- tion with the indigenous peoples concerned, to combat prejudice and eliminate discrimination and to promote tolerance, understand- ing and good relations among indigenous peoples and all other seg- ments of society. Article 16 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to establish their own media in their own languages and to have access to all forms of non-indigenous media without discrimination. 2. States shall take effective measures to ensure that State-owned media duly reflect indigenous cultural diversity. States, without prejudice to ensuring full freedom of expression, should encour- age privately owned media to adequately reflect indigenous cultural diversity. Article 17 1. Indigenous individuals and peoples have the right to enjoy fully all rights established under applicable international and domestic labour law. 2. States shall in consultation and cooperation with indigenous peoples take specific measures to protect indigenous children from economic exploitation and from performing any work that is likely to be hazardous or to interfere with the child’s education, or to be harmful to the child’s health or physical, mental, spiritual, moral or social development, taking into account their special vulnerability and the importance of education for their empowerment. 3. Indigenous individuals have the right not to be subjected to any discriminatory conditions of labour and, inter alia, employment or salary. Article 18 Indigenous peoples have the right to participate in decision-making in matters which would affect their rights, through representatives chosen by themselves in accordance with their own procedures, as well as to maintain and develop their own indigenous decision- making institutions. Article 19 States shall consult and cooperate in good faith with the indigenous peoples concerned through their own representative institutions in order to obtain their free, prior and informed consent before adopt- ing and implementing legislative or administrative measures that may affect them. Article 20 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to maintain and develop their political, economic and social systems or institutions, to be secure in the enjoyment of their own means of subsistence and develop- ment, and to engage freely in all their traditional and other eco- nomic activities. 2. Indigenous peoples deprived of their means of subsistence and development are entitled to just and fair redress Article 21 1. Indigenous peoples have the right, without discrimination, to the improvement of their economic and social conditions, including, inter alia, in the areas of education, employment, vocational training and retraining, housing, sanitation, health and social security. 2. States shall take effective measures and, where appropriate, spe- cial measures to ensure continuing improvement of their economic and social conditions. Particular attention shall be paid to the rights and special needs of indigenous elders, women, youth, children and persons with disabilities. Article 22 1. Particular attention shall be paid to the rights and special needs of indigenous elders, women, youth, children and persons with dis- abilities in the implementation of this Declaration. 2. States shall take measures, in conjunction with indigenous peoples, to ensure that indigenous women and children enjoy the full protection and guarantees against all forms of violence and discrimination. Article 23 Indigenous peoples have the right to determine and develop pri- orities and strategies for exercising their right to development. In particular, indigenous peoples have the right to be actively involved in developing and determining health, housing and other economic and social programmes affecting them and, as far as possible, to administer such programmes through their own institutions. Article 24 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to their traditional medicines and to maintain their health practices, including the conservation of their vital medicinal plants, animals and minerals. Indigenous indi- viduals also have the right to access, without any discrimination, to all social and health services. 2. Indigenous individuals have an equal right to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health. States shall take the necessary steps with a view to achieving progressively the full realization of this right. Article 25 Indigenous peoples have the right to maintain and strengthen their distinctive spiritual relationship with their traditionally owned or otherwise occupied and used lands, territories, waters and coastal seas and other resources and to uphold their responsibilities to future generations in this regard. Article 26 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to the lands, territories and resources which they have traditionally owned, occupied or other- wise used or acquired. 2. Indigenous peoples have the right to own, use, develop and control the lands, territories and resources that they possess by rea- son of traditional ownership or other traditional occupation or use, as well as those which they have otherwise acquired. 3. States shall give legal recognition and protection to these lands, territories and resources. Such recognition shall be conducted with due respect to the customs, traditions and land tenure systems of the indigenous peoples concerned. Article 27 States shall establish and implement, in conjunction with indige- nous peoples concerned, a fair, independent, impartial, open and transparent process, giving due recognition to indigenous peoples’ laws, traditions, customs and land tenure systems, to recognize and adjudicate the rights of indigenous peoples pertaining to their lands, territories and resources, including those which were traditionally owned or otherwise occupied or used. Indigenous peoples shall have the right to participate in this process. Article 28 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to redress, by means that can include restitution or, when this is not possible, just, fair and equita- ble compensation, for the lands, territories and resources which they have traditionally owned or otherwise occupied or used, and which have been confiscated, taken, occupied, used or damaged without their free, prior and informed consent. 2. Unless otherwise freely agreed upon by the peoples concerned, compensation shall take the form of lands, territories and resources equal in quality, size and legal status or of monetary compensation or other appropriate redress. Article 29 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to the conservation and pro- tection of the environment and the productive capacity of their lands or territories and resources. States shall establish and implement assistance programmes for indigenous peoples for such conservation and protection, without discrimination. 2. States shall take effective measures to ensure that no storage or disposal of hazardous materials shall take place in the lands or ter- ritories of indigenous peoples without their free, prior and informed consent. 3. States shall also take effective measures to ensure, as needed, that programmes for monitoring, maintaining and restoring the health of indigenous peoples, as developed and implemented by the peoples affected by such materials, are duly implemented. Article 30 1. Military activities shall not take place in the lands or territories of indigenous peoples, unless justified by a relevant public interest or otherwise freely agreed with or requested by the indigenous peoples concerned. 2. States shall undertake effective consultations with the indig- enous peoples concerned, through appropriate procedures and in particular through their representative institutions, prior to using their lands or territories for military activities. Article 31 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to maintain, control, protect and develop their cultural heritage, traditional knowledge and tra- ditional cultural expressions, as well as the manifestations of their sciences, technologies and cultures, including human and genetic resources, seeds, medicines, knowledge of the properties of fauna and flora, oral traditions, literatures, designs, sports and traditional games and visual and performing arts. They also have the right to maintain, control, protect and develop their intellectual property over such cultural heritage, traditional knowledge, and traditional cultural expressions. 2. In conjunction with indigenous peoples, States shall take effec- tive measures to recognize and protect the exercise of these rights. Article 32 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to determine and develop priorities and strategies for the development or use of their lands or territories and other resources. 2. States shall consult and cooperate in good faith with the indig- enous peoples concerned through their own representative institu- tions in order to obtain their free and informed consent prior to the approval of any project affecting their lands or territories and other resources, particularly in connection with the development, utiliza- tion or exploitation of mineral, water or other resources. 3. States shall provide effective mechanisms for just and fair redress for any such activities, and appropriate measures shall be taken to mitigate adverse environmental, economic, social, cultural or spiri- tual impact. Article 33 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to determine their own iden- tity or membership in accordance with their customs and traditions. This does not impair the right of indigenous individuals to obtain citizenship of the States in which they live. 2. Indigenous peoples have the right to determine the structures and to select the membership of their institutions in accordance with their own procedures. Article 34 Indigenous peoples have the right to promote, develop and main- tain their institutional structures and their distinctive customs, spiri- tuality, traditions, procedures, practices and, in the cases where they exist, juridical systems or customs, in accordance with international human rights standards. Article 35 Indigenous peoples have the right to determine the responsibilities of individuals to their communities. Article 36 1. Indigenous peoples, in particular those divided by international borders, have the right to maintain and develop contacts, relations and cooperation, including activities for spiritual, cultural, political, economic and social purposes, with their own members as well as other peoples across borders. 2. States, in consultation and cooperation with indigenous peo- ples, shall take effective measures to facilitate the exercise and ensure the implementation of this right. Article 37 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to the recognition, observ- ance and enforcement of treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements concluded with States or their successors and to have States honour and respect such treaties, agreements and other con- structive arrangements. 2. Nothing in this Declaration may be interpreted as diminishing or eliminating the rights of indigenous peoples contained in treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements. Article 38 States, in consultation and cooperation with indigenous peoples, shall take the appropriate measures, including legislative measures, to achieve the ends of this Declaration. Article 39 Indigenous peoples have the right to have access to financial and technical assistance from States and through international coopera- tion, for the enjoyment of the rights contained in this Declaration. Article 40 Indigenous peoples have the right to access to and prompt decision through just and fair procedures for the resolution of conflicts and disputes with States or other parties, as well as to effective remedies for all infringements of their individual and collective rights. Such a decision shall give due consideration to the customs, traditions, rules and legal systems of the indigenous peoples concerned and international human rights. Article 41 The organs and specialized agencies of the United Nations system and other intergovernmental organizations shall contribute to the full realization of the provisions of this Declaration through the mobiliza- tion, inter alia, of financial cooperation and technical assistance. Ways and means of ensuring participation of indigenous peoples on issues affecting them shall be established. Article 42 The United Nations, its bodies, including the Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues, and specialized agencies, including at the coun- try level, and States shall promote respect for and full application of the provisions of this Declaration and follow up the effectiveness of this Declaration. Article 43 The rights recognized herein constitute the minimum standards for the survival, dignity and well-being of the indigenous peoples of the world. Article 44 All the rights and freedoms recognized herein are equally guaran- teed to male and female indigenous individuals. Article 45 Nothing in this Declaration may be construed as diminishing or extinguishing the rights indigenous peoples have now or may acquire in the future. Article 46 1. Nothing in this Declaration may be interpreted as implying for any State, people, group or person any right to engage in any activity or to perform any act contrary to the Charter of the United Nations or construed as authorizing or encouraging any action which would dismember or impair, totally or in part, the territorial integrity or political unity of sovereign and independent States. 2. In the exercise of the rights enunciated in the present Dec- laration, human rights and fundamental freedoms of all shall be respected. The exercise of the rights set forth in this Declaration shall be subject only to such limitations as are determined by law and in accordance with international human rights obligations. Any such limitations shall be non-discriminatory and strictly necessary solely for the purpose of securing due recognition and respect for the rights and freedoms of others and for meeting the just and most compelling requirements of a democratic society. 3. The provisions set forth in this Declaration shall be interpreted in accordance with the principles of justice, democracy, respect for human rights, equality, non-discrimination, good governance and good faith. These United Nations articles on united Nations Declaration on the rights of the indigenous people which Nigeria is a signatory to has proven beyond every reasonable doubt that the Indigenous people of Biafra has every international rights and backing to continue in their pursuit for the Restoration of their sovereign state Biafra
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      "author": "benmarvel",
      "permlink": "ipob-biafra-restoration-united-nations-backings-respect-undrips",
      "title": "IPOB: Biafra restoration has the United Nations Backings in respect to UNDRIPS",
      "body": "The agitation for the restoration of the sovereign and independent state of Biafra has been proven not being a mere agitation but an outstanding one which are following the international standard for self-determination to pursuit their quest for the total restoration of Biafra as sovereign state that will be able to detect the own future and that of their unborn generations come.\r\nThe indigenous people of Biafra under the leadership of Mazi Nnamdi kanu has been proven right by the United nation’s declaration of the right of the indigenous people, this United Nation’s charter entails that “\r\nReaffirming that indigenous peoples, in the exercise of their rights, should be free from discrimination of any kind,\r\n\r\nConcerned that indigenous peoples have suffered from historic injus- tices as a result of, inter alia, their colonization and dispossession of their lands, territories and resources, thus preventing them from exercising, in particular, their right to development in accordance with their own needs and interests,”\r\nHERE IS THE ARTICLES AS IT PARTAKES TO THE RIGHTS OF THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLES ALL OVER THE WORLD [UNDRIPS]\r\nConcerned that indigenous peoples have suffered from historic injus- tices as a result of, inter alia, their colonization and dispossession of their lands, territories and resources, thus preventing them from exercising, in particular, their right to development in accordance with their own needs and interests, Recognizing the urgent need to respect and promote the inherent rights of indigenous peoples which derive from their political, eco- nomic and social structures and from their cultures, spiritual tradi- tions, histories and philosophies, especially their rights to their lands, territories and resources, Recognizing also the urgent need to respect and promote the rights of indigenous peoples affirmed in treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements with States, Welcoming the fact that indigenous peoples are organizing them- selves for political, economic, social and cultural enhancement and in order to bring to an end all forms of discrimination and oppres- sion wherever they occur, Convinced that control by indigenous peoples over developments affecting them and their lands, territories and resources will enable them to maintain and strengthen their institutions, cultures and tra- ditions, and to promote their development in accordance with their aspirations and needs, Recognizing that respect for indigenous knowledge, cultures and traditional practices contributes to sustainable and equitable devel- opment and proper management of the environment, Emphasizing the contribution of the demilitarization of the lands and territories of indigenous peoples to peace, economic and social\r\n\r\nprogress and development, understanding and friendly relations among nations and peoples of the world, Recognizing in particular the right of indigenous families and com- munities to retain shared responsibility for the upbringing, training, education and well-being of their children, consistent with the rights of the child, Considering that the rights affirmed in treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements between States and indigenous peoples are, in some situations, matters of international concern, interest, responsibility and character, Considering also that treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements, and the relationship they represent, are the basis for a strengthened partnership between indigenous peoples and States, Acknowledging that the Charter of the United Nations, the Interna- tional Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights2 and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights,\r\n2 as well as the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action,\r\n3 affirm the funda- mental importance of the right to self-determination of all peoples, by virtue of which they freely determine their political status and freely pursue their economic, social and cultural development, Bearing in mind that nothing in this Declaration may be used to deny any peoples their right to self-determination, exercised in con- formity with international law, Convinced that the recognition of the rights of indigenous peoples in this Declaration will enhance harmonious and cooperative rela- tions between the State and indigenous peoples, based on principles of justice, democracy, respect for human rights, non-discrimination and good faith, Encouraging States to comply with and effectively implement all their obligations as they apply to indigenous peoples under inter- national instruments, in particular those related to human rights, in consultation and cooperation with the peoples concerned, Emphasizing that the United Nations has an important and continu- ing role to play in promoting and protecting the rights of indig- enous peoples,\r\n\r\nBelieving that this Declaration is a further important step forward for the recognition, promotion and protection of the rights and freedoms of indigenous peoples and in the development of relevant activities of the United Nations system in this field, Recognizing and reaffirming that indigenous individuals are enti- tled without discrimination to all human rights recognized in inter- national law, and that indigenous peoples possess collective rights which are indispensable for their existence, well-being and integral development as peoples, Recognizing that the situation of indigenous peoples varies from region to region and from country to country and that the signifi- cance of national and regional particularities and various historical and cultural backgrounds should be taken into consideration, Solemnly proclaims the following United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples as a standard of achievement to be pursued in a spirit of partnership and mutual respect:\r\nArticle 1\r\nIndigenous peoples have the right to the full enjoyment, as a collec- tive or as individuals, of all human rights and fundamental freedoms as recognized in the Charter of the United Nations, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights4 and international human rights law.\r\nArticle 2\r\nIndigenous peoples and individuals are free and equal to all other peoples and individuals and have the right to be free from any kind of discrimination, in the exercise of their rights, in particular that based on their indigenous origin or identity.\r\nArticle 3\r\nIndigenous peoples have the right to self-determination. By virtue of that right they freely determine their political status and freely pursue their economic, social and cultural development.\r\nArticle 4\r\nIndigenous peoples, in exercising their right to self-determination, have the right to autonomy or self-government in matters relating to their internal and local affairs, as well as ways and means for financ- ing their autonomous functions.\r\n\r\nArticle 5\r\nIndigenous peoples have the right to maintain and strengthen their distinct political, legal, economic, social and cultural institutions, while retaining their right to participate fully, if they so choose, in the political, economic, social and cultural life of the State.\r\nArticle 6\r\nEvery indigenous individual has the right to a nationality.\r\nArticle 7\r\n1. Indigenous individuals have the rights to life, physical and men- tal integrity, liberty and security of person.\r\n2. Indigenous peoples have the collective right to live in freedom, peace and security as distinct peoples and shall not be subjected to any act of genocide or any other act of violence, including forcibly removing children of the group to another group.\r\nArticle 8\r\n1. Indigenous peoples and individuals have the right not to be subjected to forced assimilation or destruction of their culture.\r\n2. States shall provide effective mechanisms for prevention of, and redress for:\r\n(a) Any action which has the aim or effect of depriving them of their integrity as distinct peoples, or of their cultural values or ethnic identities;\r\n(b) Any action which has the aim or effect of dispossessing them of their lands, territories or resources; (c) Any form of forced population transfer which has the aim or effect of violating or undermining any of their rights; (d) Any form of forced assimilation or integration; (e) Any form of propaganda designed to promote or incite racial or ethnic discrimination directed against them.\r\nArticle 9\r\nIndigenous peoples and individuals have the right to belong to an indigenous community or nation, in accordance with the traditions and customs of the community or nation concerned. No discrimina- tion of any kind may arise from the exercise of such a right.\r\n\r\nArticle 10\r\nIndigenous peoples shall not be forcibly removed from their lands or territories. No relocation shall take place without the free, prior and informed consent of the indigenous peoples concerned and after agreement on just and fair compensation and, where possible, with the option of return.\r\nArticle 11\r\n1. Indigenous peoples have the right to practise and revitalize their cultural traditions and customs. This includes the right to maintain, protect and develop the past, present and future manifestations of their cultures, such as archaeological and historical sites, artefacts, designs, ceremonies, technologies and visual and performing arts and literature.\r\n2. States shall provide redress through effective mechanisms, which may include restitution, developed in conjunction with indigenous peoples, with respect to their cultural, intellectual, religious and spir- itual property taken without their free, prior and informed consent or in violation of their laws, traditions and customs.\r\nArticle 12\r\n1. Indigenous peoples have the right to manifest, practise, develop and teach their spiritual and religious traditions, customs and cer- emonies; the right to maintain, protect, and have access in privacy to their religious and cultural sites; the right to the use and control of their ceremonial objects; and the right to the repatriation of their human remains.\r\n2. States shall seek to enable the access and/or repatriation of cer- emonial objects and human remains in their possession through fair, transparent and effective mechanisms developed in conjunction with indigenous peoples concerned.\r\n\r\nArticle 13\r\n1. Indigenous peoples have the right to revitalize, use, develop and transmit to future generations their histories, languages, oral tradi- tions, philosophies, writing systems and literatures, and to designate and retain their own names for communities, places and persons.\r\n2. States shall take effective measures to ensure that this right is protected and also to ensure that indigenous peoples can understand and be understood in political, legal and administrative proceedings, where necessary through the provision of interpretation or by other appropriate means.\r\nArticle 14\r\n1. Indigenous peoples have the right to establish and control their educational systems and institutions providing education in their own languages, in a manner appropriate to their cultural methods of teaching and learning.\r\n2. Indigenous individuals, particularly children, have the right to all levels and forms of education of the State without discrimina- tion.\r\n3. States shall, in conjunction with indigenous peoples, take effect-tive measures, in order for indigenous individuals, particularly chil-dren, including those living outside their communities, to have access, when possible, to an education in their own culture and pro- vided in their own language.\r\nArticle 15\r\n1. Indigenous peoples have the right to the dignity and diversity of their cultures, traditions, histories and aspirations which shall be appropriately reflected in education and public information.\r\n2. States shall take effective measures, in consultation and coopera- tion with the indigenous peoples concerned, to combat prejudice and eliminate discrimination and to promote tolerance, understand- ing and good relations among indigenous peoples and all other seg- ments of society.\r\nArticle 16\r\n1. Indigenous peoples have the right to establish their own media in their own languages and to have access to all forms of non-indigenous media without discrimination.\r\n\r\n2. States shall take effective measures to ensure that State-owned media duly reflect indigenous cultural diversity. States, without prejudice to ensuring full freedom of expression, should encour- age privately owned media to adequately reflect indigenous cultural diversity.\r\nArticle 17\r\n1. Indigenous individuals and peoples have the right to enjoy fully all rights established under applicable international and domestic labour law.\r\n2. States shall in consultation and cooperation with indigenous peoples take specific measures to protect indigenous children from economic exploitation and from performing any work that is likely to be hazardous or to interfere with the child’s education, or to be harmful to the child’s health or physical, mental, spiritual, moral or social development, taking into account their special vulnerability and the importance of education for their empowerment.\r\n3. Indigenous individuals have the right not to be subjected to any discriminatory conditions of labour and, inter alia, employment or salary.\r\nArticle 18\r\nIndigenous peoples have the right to participate in decision-making in matters which would affect their rights, through representatives chosen by themselves in accordance with their own procedures, as well as to maintain and develop their own indigenous decision- making institutions.\r\nArticle 19\r\nStates shall consult and cooperate in good faith with the indigenous peoples concerned through their own representative institutions in order to obtain their free, prior and informed consent before adopt- ing and implementing legislative or administrative measures that may affect them.\r\nArticle 20\r\n1. Indigenous peoples have the right to maintain and develop their political, economic and social systems or institutions, to be secure in the enjoyment of their own means of subsistence and develop- ment, and to engage freely in all their traditional and other eco- nomic activities.\r\n\r\n2. Indigenous peoples deprived of their means of subsistence and development are entitled to just and fair redress\r\n\r\nArticle 21\r\n1. Indigenous peoples have the right, without discrimination, to the improvement of their economic and social conditions, including, inter alia, in the areas of education, employment, vocational training and retraining, housing, sanitation, health and social security.\r\n2. States shall take effective measures and, where appropriate, spe- cial measures to ensure continuing improvement of their economic and social conditions. Particular attention shall be paid to the rights and special needs of indigenous elders, women, youth, children and persons with disabilities.\r\nArticle 22\r\n1. Particular attention shall be paid to the rights and special needs of indigenous elders, women, youth, children and persons with dis- abilities in the implementation of this Declaration.\r\n2. States shall take measures, in conjunction with indigenous peoples, to ensure that indigenous women and children enjoy the full protection and guarantees against all forms of violence and discrimination.\r\nArticle 23\r\nIndigenous peoples have the right to determine and develop pri- orities and strategies for exercising their right to development. In particular, indigenous peoples have the right to be actively involved in developing and determining health, housing and other economic and social programmes affecting them and, as far as possible, to administer such programmes through their own institutions.\r\nArticle 24\r\n1. Indigenous peoples have the right to their traditional medicines and to maintain their health practices, including the conservation of their vital medicinal plants, animals and minerals. Indigenous indi- viduals also have the right to access, without any discrimination, to all social and health services.\r\n2. Indigenous individuals have an equal right to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health. States shall take the necessary steps with a view to achieving progressively the full realization of this right.\r\nArticle 25\r\nIndigenous peoples have the right to maintain and strengthen their distinctive spiritual relationship with their traditionally owned or otherwise occupied and used lands, territories, waters and coastal seas and other resources and to uphold their responsibilities to future generations in this regard.\r\nArticle 26\r\n1. Indigenous peoples have the right to the lands, territories and resources which they have traditionally owned, occupied or other- wise used or acquired.\r\n2. Indigenous peoples have the right to own, use, develop and control the lands, territories and resources that they possess by rea- son of traditional ownership or other traditional occupation or use, as well as those which they have otherwise acquired.\r\n3. States shall give legal recognition and protection to these lands, territories and resources. Such recognition shall be conducted with due respect to the customs, traditions and land tenure systems of the indigenous peoples concerned.\r\nArticle 27\r\nStates shall establish and implement, in conjunction with indige- nous peoples concerned, a fair, independent, impartial, open and transparent process, giving due recognition to indigenous peoples’ laws, traditions, customs and land tenure systems, to recognize and adjudicate the rights of indigenous peoples pertaining to their lands, territories and resources, including those which were traditionally owned or otherwise occupied or used. Indigenous peoples shall have the right to participate in this process.\r\nArticle 28\r\n1. Indigenous peoples have the right to redress, by means that can include restitution or, when this is not possible, just, fair and equita- ble compensation, for the lands, territories and resources which they have traditionally owned or otherwise occupied or used, and which have been confiscated, taken, occupied, used or damaged without their free, prior and informed consent.\r\n2. Unless otherwise freely agreed upon by the peoples concerned, compensation shall take the form of lands, territories and resources\r\nequal in quality, size and legal status or of monetary compensation or other appropriate redress.\r\nArticle 29\r\n1. Indigenous peoples have the right to the conservation and pro- tection of the environment and the productive capacity of their lands or territories and resources. States shall establish and implement assistance programmes for indigenous peoples for such conservation and protection, without discrimination.\r\n2. States shall take effective measures to ensure that no storage or disposal of hazardous materials shall take place in the lands or ter- ritories of indigenous peoples without their free, prior and informed consent.\r\n3. States shall also take effective measures to ensure, as needed, that programmes for monitoring, maintaining and restoring the health of indigenous peoples, as developed and implemented by the peoples affected by such materials, are duly implemented.\r\n\r\nArticle 30\r\n1. Military activities shall not take place in the lands or territories of indigenous peoples, unless justified by a relevant public interest or otherwise freely agreed with or requested by the indigenous peoples concerned. 2. States shall undertake effective consultations with the indig- enous peoples concerned, through appropriate procedures and in particular through their representative institutions, prior to using their lands or territories for military activities.\r\nArticle 31\r\n1. Indigenous peoples have the right to maintain, control, protect and develop their cultural heritage, traditional knowledge and tra- ditional cultural expressions, as well as the manifestations of their sciences, technologies and cultures, including human and genetic resources, seeds, medicines, knowledge of the properties of fauna and flora, oral traditions, literatures, designs, sports and traditional games and visual and performing arts. They also have the right to maintain, control, protect and develop their intellectual property over such cultural heritage, traditional knowledge, and traditional cultural expressions.\r\n\r\n2. In conjunction with indigenous peoples, States shall take effec- tive measures to recognize and protect the exercise of these rights.\r\nArticle 32\r\n1. Indigenous peoples have the right to determine and develop priorities and strategies for the development or use of their lands or territories and other resources.\r\n2. States shall consult and cooperate in good faith with the indig- enous peoples concerned through their own representative institu- tions in order to obtain their free and informed consent prior to the approval of any project affecting their lands or territories and other resources, particularly in connection with the development, utiliza- tion or exploitation of mineral, water or other resources. 3. States shall provide effective mechanisms for just and fair redress for any such activities, and appropriate measures shall be taken to mitigate adverse environmental, economic, social, cultural or spiri- tual impact.\r\nArticle 33\r\n1. Indigenous peoples have the right to determine their own iden- tity or membership in accordance with their customs and traditions. This does not impair the right of indigenous individuals to obtain citizenship of the States in which they live. 2. Indigenous peoples have the right to determine the structures and to select the membership of their institutions in accordance with their own procedures.\r\nArticle 34\r\nIndigenous peoples have the right to promote, develop and main- tain their institutional structures and their distinctive customs, spiri- tuality, traditions, procedures, practices and, in the cases where they exist, juridical systems or customs, in accordance with international human rights standards.\r\nArticle 35\r\nIndigenous peoples have the right to determine the responsibilities of individuals to their communities.\r\n\r\nArticle 36\r\n1. Indigenous peoples, in particular those divided by international borders, have the right to maintain and develop contacts, relations and cooperation, including activities for spiritual, cultural, political, economic and social purposes, with their own members as well as other peoples across borders.\r\n2. States, in consultation and cooperation with indigenous peo- ples, shall take effective measures to facilitate the exercise and ensure the implementation of this right.\r\nArticle 37\r\n1. Indigenous peoples have the right to the recognition, observ- ance and enforcement of treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements concluded with States or their successors and to have States honour and respect such treaties, agreements and other con- structive arrangements.\r\n2. Nothing in this Declaration may be interpreted as diminishing or eliminating the rights of indigenous peoples contained in treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements.\r\nArticle 38\r\nStates, in consultation and cooperation with indigenous peoples, shall take the appropriate measures, including legislative measures, to achieve the ends of this Declaration.\r\nArticle 39\r\nIndigenous peoples have the right to have access to financial and technical assistance from States and through international coopera- tion, for the enjoyment of the rights contained in this Declaration.\r\nArticle 40\r\nIndigenous peoples have the right to access to and prompt decision through just and fair procedures for the resolution of conflicts and disputes with States or other parties, as well as to effective remedies for all infringements of their individual and collective rights. Such a decision shall give due consideration to the customs, traditions, rules and legal systems of the indigenous peoples concerned and international human rights.\r\n\r\nArticle 41\r\nThe organs and specialized agencies of the United Nations system and other intergovernmental organizations shall contribute to the full realization of the provisions of this Declaration through the mobiliza- tion, inter alia, of financial cooperation and technical assistance. Ways and means of ensuring participation of indigenous peoples on issues affecting them shall be established.\r\nArticle 42\r\nThe United Nations, its bodies, including the Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues, and specialized agencies, including at the coun- try level, and States shall promote respect for and full application of the provisions of this Declaration and follow up the effectiveness of this Declaration.\r\nArticle 43\r\nThe rights recognized herein constitute the minimum standards for the survival, dignity and well-being of the indigenous peoples of the world.\r\nArticle 44\r\nAll the rights and freedoms recognized herein are equally guaran- teed to male and female indigenous individuals.\r\nArticle 45\r\nNothing in this Declaration may be construed as diminishing or extinguishing the rights indigenous peoples have now or may acquire in the future.\r\nArticle 46\r\n1. Nothing in this Declaration may be interpreted as implying for any State, people, group or person any right to engage in any activity or to perform any act contrary to the Charter of the United Nations or construed as authorizing or encouraging any action which would dismember or impair, totally or in part, the territorial integrity or political unity of sovereign and independent States.\r\n2. In the exercise of the rights enunciated in the present Dec- laration, human rights and fundamental freedoms of all shall be respected. The exercise of the rights set forth in this Declaration shall be subject only to such limitations as are determined by law and in accordance with international human rights obligations. Any such limitations shall be non-discriminatory and strictly necessary solely for the purpose of securing due recognition and respect for the rights and freedoms of others and for meeting the just and most compelling requirements of a democratic society. 3. The provisions set forth in this Declaration shall be interpreted in accordance with the principles of justice, democracy, respect for human rights, equality, non-discrimination, good governance and good faith.\r\nThese United Nations articles on united Nations Declaration on the rights of the indigenous people which Nigeria is a signatory to has proven beyond every reasonable doubt that the Indigenous people of Biafra has every international rights and backing to continue in their pursuit for the Restoration of their sovereign state Biafra",
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2017/11/09 08:56:27
authorbenmarvel
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2017/11/09 08:56:27
parent author
parent permlinkuncategorized
authorbenmarvel
permlinkipob-biafra-restoration-united-nations-backings-respect-undrips
titleIPOB: Biafra restoration has the United Nations Backings in respect to UNDRIPS
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nations](data:image/jpeg;base64,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) The agitation for the restoration of the sovereign and independent state of Biafra has been proven not being a mere agitation but an outstanding one which are following the international standard for self-determination to pursuit their quest for the total restoration of Biafra as sovereign state that will be able to detect the own future and that of their unborn generations come. The indigenous people of Biafra under the leadership of Mazi Nnamdi kanu has been proven right by the United nation’s declaration of the right of the indigenous people, this United Nation’s charter entails that “ Reaffirming that indigenous peoples, in the exercise of their rights, should be free from discrimination of any kind, Concerned that indigenous peoples have suffered from historic injus- tices as a result of, inter alia, their colonization and dispossession of their lands, territories and resources, thus preventing them from exercising, in particular, their right to development in accordance with their own needs and interests,” HERE IS THE ARTICLES AS IT PARTAKES TO THE RIGHTS OF THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLES ALL OVER THE WORLD \[UNDRIPS\] Concerned that indigenous peoples have suffered from historic injus- tices as a result of, inter alia, their colonization and dispossession of their lands, territories and resources, thus preventing them from exercising, in particular, their right to development in accordance with their own needs and interests, Recognizing the urgent need to respect and promote the inherent rights of indigenous peoples which derive from their political, eco- nomic and social structures and from their cultures, spiritual tradi- tions, histories and philosophies, especially their rights to their lands, territories and resources, Recognizing also the urgent need to respect and promote the rights of indigenous peoples affirmed in treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements with States, Welcoming the fact that indigenous peoples are organizing them- selves for political, economic, social and cultural enhancement and in order to bring to an end all forms of discrimination and oppres- sion wherever they occur, Convinced that control by indigenous peoples over developments affecting them and their lands, territories and resources will enable them to maintain and strengthen their institutions, cultures and tra- ditions, and to promote their development in accordance with their aspirations and needs, Recognizing that respect for indigenous knowledge, cultures and traditional practices contributes to sustainable and equitable devel- opment and proper management of the environment, Emphasizing the contribution of the demilitarization of the lands and territories of indigenous peoples to peace, economic and social progress and development, understanding and friendly relations among nations and peoples of the world, Recognizing in particular the right of indigenous families and com- munities to retain shared responsibility for the upbringing, training, education and well-being of their children, consistent with the rights of the child, Considering that the rights affirmed in treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements between States and indigenous peoples are, in some situations, matters of international concern, interest, responsibility and character, Considering also that treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements, and the relationship they represent, are the basis for a strengthened partnership between indigenous peoples and States, Acknowledging that the Charter of the United Nations, the Interna- tional Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights2 and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 2 as well as the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action, 3 affirm the funda- mental importance of the right to self-determination of all peoples, by virtue of which they freely determine their political status and freely pursue their economic, social and cultural development, Bearing in mind that nothing in this Declaration may be used to deny any peoples their right to self-determination, exercised in con- formity with international law, Convinced that the recognition of the rights of indigenous peoples in this Declaration will enhance harmonious and cooperative rela- tions between the State and indigenous peoples, based on principles of justice, democracy, respect for human rights, non-discrimination and good faith, Encouraging States to comply with and effectively implement all their obligations as they apply to indigenous peoples under inter- national instruments, in particular those related to human rights, in consultation and cooperation with the peoples concerned, Emphasizing that the United Nations has an important and continu- ing role to play in promoting and protecting the rights of indig- enous peoples, Believing that this Declaration is a further important step forward for the recognition, promotion and protection of the rights and freedoms of indigenous peoples and in the development of relevant activities of the United Nations system in this field, Recognizing and reaffirming that indigenous individuals are enti- tled without discrimination to all human rights recognized in inter- national law, and that indigenous peoples possess collective rights which are indispensable for their existence, well-being and integral development as peoples, Recognizing that the situation of indigenous peoples varies from region to region and from country to country and that the signifi- cance of national and regional particularities and various historical and cultural backgrounds should be taken into consideration, Solemnly proclaims the following United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples as a standard of achievement to be pursued in a spirit of partnership and mutual respect: Article 1 Indigenous peoples have the right to the full enjoyment, as a collec- tive or as individuals, of all human rights and fundamental freedoms as recognized in the Charter of the United Nations, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights4 and international human rights law. Article 2 Indigenous peoples and individuals are free and equal to all other peoples and individuals and have the right to be free from any kind of discrimination, in the exercise of their rights, in particular that based on their indigenous origin or identity. Article 3 Indigenous peoples have the right to self-determination. By virtue of that right they freely determine their political status and freely pursue their economic, social and cultural development. Article 4 Indigenous peoples, in exercising their right to self-determination, have the right to autonomy or self-government in matters relating to their internal and local affairs, as well as ways and means for financ- ing their autonomous functions. Article 5 Indigenous peoples have the right to maintain and strengthen their distinct political, legal, economic, social and cultural institutions, while retaining their right to participate fully, if they so choose, in the political, economic, social and cultural life of the State. Article 6 Every indigenous individual has the right to a nationality. Article 7 1\. Indigenous individuals have the rights to life, physical and men- tal integrity, liberty and security of person. 2\. Indigenous peoples have the collective right to live in freedom, peace and security as distinct peoples and shall not be subjected to any act of genocide or any other act of violence, including forcibly removing children of the group to another group. Article 8 1\. Indigenous peoples and individuals have the right not to be subjected to forced assimilation or destruction of their culture. 2\. States shall provide effective mechanisms for prevention of, and redress for: (a) Any action which has the aim or effect of depriving them of their integrity as distinct peoples, or of their cultural values or ethnic identities; (b) Any action which has the aim or effect of dispossessing them of their lands, territories or resources; (c) Any form of forced population transfer which has the aim or effect of violating or undermining any of their rights; (d) Any form of forced assimilation or integration; (e) Any form of propaganda designed to promote or incite racial or ethnic discrimination directed against them. Article 9 Indigenous peoples and individuals have the right to belong to an indigenous community or nation, in accordance with the traditions and customs of the community or nation concerned. No discrimina- tion of any kind may arise from the exercise of such a right. Article 10 Indigenous peoples shall not be forcibly removed from their lands or territories. No relocation shall take place without the free, prior and informed consent of the indigenous peoples concerned and after agreement on just and fair compensation and, where possible, with the option of return. Article 11 1\. Indigenous peoples have the right to practise and revitalize their cultural traditions and customs. This includes the right to maintain, protect and develop the past, present and future manifestations of their cultures, such as archaeological and historical sites, artefacts, designs, ceremonies, technologies and visual and performing arts and literature. 2\. States shall provide redress through effective mechanisms, which may include restitution, developed in conjunction with indigenous peoples, with respect to their cultural, intellectual, religious and spir- itual property taken without their free, prior and informed consent or in violation of their laws, traditions and customs. Article 12 1\. Indigenous peoples have the right to manifest, practise, develop and teach their spiritual and religious traditions, customs and cer- emonies; the right to maintain, protect, and have access in privacy to their religious and cultural sites; the right to the use and control of their ceremonial objects; and the right to the repatriation of their human remains. 2\. States shall seek to enable the access and/or repatriation of cer- emonial objects and human remains in their possession through fair, transparent and effective mechanisms developed in conjunction with indigenous peoples concerned. Article 13 1\. Indigenous peoples have the right to revitalize, use, develop and transmit to future generations their histories, languages, oral tradi- tions, philosophies, writing systems and literatures, and to designate and retain their own names for communities, places and persons. 2\. States shall take effective measures to ensure that this right is protected and also to ensure that indigenous peoples can understand and be understood in political, legal and administrative proceedings, where necessary through the provision of interpretation or by other appropriate means. Article 14 1\. Indigenous peoples have the right to establish and control their educational systems and institutions providing education in their own languages, in a manner appropriate to their cultural methods of teaching and learning. 2\. Indigenous individuals, particularly children, have the right to all levels and forms of education of the State without discrimina- tion. 3\. States shall, in conjunction with indigenous peoples, take effect-tive measures, in order for indigenous individuals, particularly chil-dren, including those living outside their communities, to have access, when possible, to an education in their own culture and pro- vided in their own language. Article 15 1\. Indigenous peoples have the right to the dignity and diversity of their cultures, traditions, histories and aspirations which shall be appropriately reflected in education and public information. 2\. States shall take effective measures, in consultation and coopera- tion with the indigenous peoples concerned, to combat prejudice and eliminate discrimination and to promote tolerance, understand- ing and good relations among indigenous peoples and all other seg- ments of society. Article 16 1\. Indigenous peoples have the right to establish their own media in their own languages and to have access to all forms of non-indigenous media without discrimination. 2\. States shall take effective measures to ensure that State-owned media duly reflect indigenous cultural diversity. States, without prejudice to ensuring full freedom of expression, should encour- age privately owned media to adequately reflect indigenous cultural diversity. Article 17 1\. Indigenous individuals and peoples have the right to enjoy fully all rights established under applicable international and domestic labour law. 2\. States shall in consultation and cooperation with indigenous peoples take specific measures to protect indigenous children from economic exploitation and from performing any work that is likely to be hazardous or to interfere with the child’s education, or to be harmful to the child’s health or physical, mental, spiritual, moral or social development, taking into account their special vulnerability and the importance of education for their empowerment. 3\. Indigenous individuals have the right not to be subjected to any discriminatory conditions of labour and, inter alia, employment or salary. Article 18 Indigenous peoples have the right to participate in decision-making in matters which would affect their rights, through representatives chosen by themselves in accordance with their own procedures, as well as to maintain and develop their own indigenous decision- making institutions. Article 19 States shall consult and cooperate in good faith with the indigenous peoples concerned through their own representative institutions in order to obtain their free, prior and informed consent before adopt- ing and implementing legislative or administrative measures that may affect them. Article 20 1\. Indigenous peoples have the right to maintain and develop their political, economic and social systems or institutions, to be secure in the enjoyment of their own means of subsistence and develop- ment, and to engage freely in all their traditional and other eco- nomic activities. 2\. Indigenous peoples deprived of their means of subsistence and development are entitled to just and fair redress Article 21 1\. Indigenous peoples have the right, without discrimination, to the improvement of their economic and social conditions, including, inter alia, in the areas of education, employment, vocational training and retraining, housing, sanitation, health and social security. 2\. States shall take effective measures and, where appropriate, spe- cial measures to ensure continuing improvement of their economic and social conditions. Particular attention shall be paid to the rights and special needs of indigenous elders, women, youth, children and persons with disabilities. Article 22 1\. Particular attention shall be paid to the rights and special needs of indigenous elders, women, youth, children and persons with dis- abilities in the implementation of this Declaration. 2\. States shall take measures, in conjunction with indigenous peoples, to ensure that indigenous women and children enjoy the full protection and guarantees against all forms of violence and discrimination. Article 23 Indigenous peoples have the right to determine and develop pri- orities and strategies for exercising their right to development. In particular, indigenous peoples have the right to be actively involved in developing and determining health, housing and other economic and social programmes affecting them and, as far as possible, to administer such programmes through their own institutions. Article 24 1\. Indigenous peoples have the right to their traditional medicines and to maintain their health practices, including the conservation of their vital medicinal plants, animals and minerals. Indigenous indi- viduals also have the right to access, without any discrimination, to all social and health services. 2\. Indigenous individuals have an equal right to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health. States shall take the necessary steps with a view to achieving progressively the full realization of this right. Article 25 Indigenous peoples have the right to maintain and strengthen their distinctive spiritual relationship with their traditionally owned or otherwise occupied and used lands, territories, waters and coastal seas and other resources and to uphold their responsibilities to future generations in this regard. Article 26 1\. Indigenous peoples have the right to the lands, territories and resources which they have traditionally owned, occupied or other- wise used or acquired. 2\. Indigenous peoples have the right to own, use, develop and control the lands, territories and resources that they possess by rea- son of traditional ownership or other traditional occupation or use, as well as those which they have otherwise acquired. 3\. States shall give legal recognition and protection to these lands, territories and resources. Such recognition shall be conducted with due respect to the customs, traditions and land tenure systems of the indigenous peoples concerned. Article 27 States shall establish and implement, in conjunction with indige- nous peoples concerned, a fair, independent, impartial, open and transparent process, giving due recognition to indigenous peoples’ laws, traditions, customs and land tenure systems, to recognize and adjudicate the rights of indigenous peoples pertaining to their lands, territories and resources, including those which were traditionally owned or otherwise occupied or used. Indigenous peoples shall have the right to participate in this process. Article 28 1\. Indigenous peoples have the right to redress, by means that can include restitution or, when this is not possible, just, fair and equita- ble compensation, for the lands, territories and resources which they have traditionally owned or otherwise occupied or used, and which have been confiscated, taken, occupied, used or damaged without their free, prior and informed consent. 2\. Unless otherwise freely agreed upon by the peoples concerned, compensation shall take the form of lands, territories and resources equal in quality, size and legal status or of monetary compensation or other appropriate redress. Article 29 1\. Indigenous peoples have the right to the conservation and pro- tection of the environment and the productive capacity of their lands or territories and resources. States shall establish and implement assistance programmes for indigenous peoples for such conservation and protection, without discrimination. 2\. States shall take effective measures to ensure that no storage or disposal of hazardous materials shall take place in the lands or ter- ritories of indigenous peoples without their free, prior and informed consent. 3\. States shall also take effective measures to ensure, as needed, that programmes for monitoring, maintaining and restoring the health of indigenous peoples, as developed and implemented by the peoples affected by such materials, are duly implemented. Article 30 1\. Military activities shall not take place in the lands or territories of indigenous peoples, unless justified by a relevant public interest or otherwise freely agreed with or requested by the indigenous peoples concerned. 2. States shall undertake effective consultations with the indig- enous peoples concerned, through appropriate procedures and in particular through their representative institutions, prior to using their lands or territories for military activities. Article 31 1\. Indigenous peoples have the right to maintain, control, protect and develop their cultural heritage, traditional knowledge and tra- ditional cultural expressions, as well as the manifestations of their sciences, technologies and cultures, including human and genetic resources, seeds, medicines, knowledge of the properties of fauna and flora, oral traditions, literatures, designs, sports and traditional games and visual and performing arts. They also have the right to maintain, control, protect and develop their intellectual property over such cultural heritage, traditional knowledge, and traditional cultural expressions. 2\. In conjunction with indigenous peoples, States shall take effec- tive measures to recognize and protect the exercise of these rights. Article 32 1\. Indigenous peoples have the right to determine and develop priorities and strategies for the development or use of their lands or territories and other resources. 2\. States shall consult and cooperate in good faith with the indig- enous peoples concerned through their own representative institu- tions in order to obtain their free and informed consent prior to the approval of any project affecting their lands or territories and other resources, particularly in connection with the development, utiliza- tion or exploitation of mineral, water or other resources. 3. States shall provide effective mechanisms for just and fair redress for any such activities, and appropriate measures shall be taken to mitigate adverse environmental, economic, social, cultural or spiri- tual impact. Article 33 1\. Indigenous peoples have the right to determine their own iden- tity or membership in accordance with their customs and traditions. This does not impair the right of indigenous individuals to obtain citizenship of the States in which they live. 2. Indigenous peoples have the right to determine the structures and to select the membership of their institutions in accordance with their own procedures. Article 34 Indigenous peoples have the right to promote, develop and main- tain their institutional structures and their distinctive customs, spiri- tuality, traditions, procedures, practices and, in the cases where they exist, juridical systems or customs, in accordance with international human rights standards. Article 35 Indigenous peoples have the right to determine the responsibilities of individuals to their communities. Article 36 1\. Indigenous peoples, in particular those divided by international borders, have the right to maintain and develop contacts, relations and cooperation, including activities for spiritual, cultural, political, economic and social purposes, with their own members as well as other peoples across borders. 2\. States, in consultation and cooperation with indigenous peo- ples, shall take effective measures to facilitate the exercise and ensure the implementation of this right. Article 37 1\. Indigenous peoples have the right to the recognition, observ- ance and enforcement of treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements concluded with States or their successors and to have States honour and respect such treaties, agreements and other con- structive arrangements. 2\. Nothing in this Declaration may be interpreted as diminishing or eliminating the rights of indigenous peoples contained in treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements. Article 38 States, in consultation and cooperation with indigenous peoples, shall take the appropriate measures, including legislative measures, to achieve the ends of this Declaration. Article 39 Indigenous peoples have the right to have access to financial and technical assistance from States and through international coopera- tion, for the enjoyment of the rights contained in this Declaration. Article 40 Indigenous peoples have the right to access to and prompt decision through just and fair procedures for the resolution of conflicts and disputes with States or other parties, as well as to effective remedies for all infringements of their individual and collective rights. Such a decision shall give due consideration to the customs, traditions, rules and legal systems of the indigenous peoples concerned and international human rights. Article 41 The organs and specialized agencies of the United Nations system and other intergovernmental organizations shall contribute to the full realization of the provisions of this Declaration through the mobiliza- tion, inter alia, of financial cooperation and technical assistance. Ways and means of ensuring participation of indigenous peoples on issues affecting them shall be established. Article 42 The United Nations, its bodies, including the Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues, and specialized agencies, including at the coun- try level, and States shall promote respect for and full application of the provisions of this Declaration and follow up the effectiveness of this Declaration. Article 43 The rights recognized herein constitute the minimum standards for the survival, dignity and well-being of the indigenous peoples of the world. Article 44 All the rights and freedoms recognized herein are equally guaran- teed to male and female indigenous individuals. Article 45 Nothing in this Declaration may be construed as diminishing or extinguishing the rights indigenous peoples have now or may acquire in the future. Article 46 1\. Nothing in this Declaration may be interpreted as implying for any State, people, group or person any right to engage in any activity or to perform any act contrary to the Charter of the United Nations or construed as authorizing or encouraging any action which would dismember or impair, totally or in part, the territorial integrity or political unity of sovereign and independent States. 2\. In the exercise of the rights enunciated in the present Dec- laration, human rights and fundamental freedoms of all shall be respected. The exercise of the rights set forth in this Declaration shall be subject only to such limitations as are determined by law and in accordance with international human rights obligations. Any such limitations shall be non-discriminatory and strictly necessary solely for the purpose of securing due recognition and respect for the rights and freedoms of others and for meeting the just and most compelling requirements of a democratic society. 3. The provisions set forth in this Declaration shall be interpreted in accordance with the principles of justice, democracy, respect for human rights, equality, non-discrimination, good governance and good faith. These United Nations articles on united Nations Declaration on the rights of the indigenous people which Nigeria is a signatory to has proven beyond every reasonable doubt that the Indigenous people of Biafra has every international rights and backing to continue in their pursuit for the Restoration of their sovereign state Biafra
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      "author": "benmarvel",
      "permlink": "ipob-biafra-restoration-united-nations-backings-respect-undrips",
      "title": "IPOB: Biafra restoration has the United Nations Backings in respect to UNDRIPS",
      "body": "0\n\nSHARES\n\n[Share](https://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fprimpost.com.ng%2F2017%2F11%2F09%2Fipob-biafra-restoration-united-nations-backings-respect-undrips%2F)[Tweet](https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=&url=https://primpost.com.ng/2017/11/09/ipob-biafra-restoration-united-nations-backings-respect-undrips/)[Subscribe](#)\n\n\n\n \n\n\n\n\n\n![united 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) The agitation for the restoration of the sovereign and independent state of Biafra has been proven not being a mere agitation but an outstanding one which are following the international standard for self-determination to pursuit their quest for the total restoration of Biafra as sovereign state that will be able to detect the own future and that of their unborn generations come.  \nThe indigenous people of Biafra under the leadership of Mazi Nnamdi kanu has been proven right by the United nation’s declaration of the right of the indigenous people, this United Nation’s charter entails that “  \nReaffirming that indigenous peoples, in the exercise of their rights, should be free from discrimination of any kind,\n\nConcerned that indigenous peoples have suffered from historic injus- tices as a result of, inter alia, their colonization and dispossession of their lands, territories and resources, thus preventing them from exercising, in particular, their right to development in accordance with their own needs and interests,”  \nHERE IS THE ARTICLES AS IT PARTAKES TO THE RIGHTS OF THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLES ALL OVER THE WORLD \\[UNDRIPS\\]  \nConcerned that indigenous peoples have suffered from historic injus- tices as a result of, inter alia, their colonization and dispossession of their lands, territories and resources, thus preventing them from exercising, in particular, their right to development in accordance with their own needs and interests, Recognizing the urgent need to respect and promote the inherent rights of indigenous peoples which derive from their political, eco- nomic and social structures and from their cultures, spiritual tradi- tions, histories and philosophies, especially their rights to their lands, territories and resources, Recognizing also the urgent need to respect and promote the rights of indigenous peoples affirmed in treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements with States, Welcoming the fact that indigenous peoples are organizing them- selves for political, economic, social and cultural enhancement and in order to bring to an end all forms of discrimination and oppres- sion wherever they occur, Convinced that control by indigenous peoples over developments affecting them and their lands, territories and resources will enable them to maintain and strengthen their institutions, cultures and tra- ditions, and to promote their development in accordance with their aspirations and needs, Recognizing that respect for indigenous knowledge, cultures and traditional practices contributes to sustainable and equitable devel- opment and proper management of the environment, Emphasizing the contribution of the demilitarization of the lands and territories of indigenous peoples to peace, economic and social\n\nprogress and development, understanding and friendly relations among nations and peoples of the world, Recognizing in particular the right of indigenous families and com- munities to retain shared responsibility for the upbringing, training, education and well-being of their children, consistent with the rights of the child, Considering that the rights affirmed in treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements between States and indigenous peoples are, in some situations, matters of international concern, interest, responsibility and character, Considering also that treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements, and the relationship they represent, are the basis for a strengthened partnership between indigenous peoples and States, Acknowledging that the Charter of the United Nations, the Interna- tional Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights2 and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights,  \n2 as well as the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action,  \n3 affirm the funda- mental importance of the right to self-determination of all peoples, by virtue of which they freely determine their political status and freely pursue their economic, social and cultural development, Bearing in mind that nothing in this Declaration may be used to deny any peoples their right to self-determination, exercised in con- formity with international law, Convinced that the recognition of the rights of indigenous peoples in this Declaration will enhance harmonious and cooperative rela- tions between the State and indigenous peoples, based on principles of justice, democracy, respect for human rights, non-discrimination and good faith, Encouraging States to comply with and effectively implement all their obligations as they apply to indigenous peoples under inter- national instruments, in particular those related to human rights, in consultation and cooperation with the peoples concerned, Emphasizing that the United Nations has an important and continu- ing role to play in promoting and protecting the rights of indig- enous peoples,\n\nBelieving that this Declaration is a further important step forward for the recognition, promotion and protection of the rights and freedoms of indigenous peoples and in the development of relevant activities of the United Nations system in this field, Recognizing and reaffirming that indigenous individuals are enti- tled without discrimination to all human rights recognized in inter- national law, and that indigenous peoples possess collective rights which are indispensable for their existence, well-being and integral development as peoples, Recognizing that the situation of indigenous peoples varies from region to region and from country to country and that the signifi- cance of national and regional particularities and various historical and cultural backgrounds should be taken into consideration, Solemnly proclaims the following United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples as a standard of achievement to be pursued in a spirit of partnership and mutual respect:  \nArticle 1  \nIndigenous peoples have the right to the full enjoyment, as a collec- tive or as individuals, of all human rights and fundamental freedoms as recognized in the Charter of the United Nations, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights4 and international human rights law.  \nArticle 2  \nIndigenous peoples and individuals are free and equal to all other peoples and individuals and have the right to be free from any kind of discrimination, in the exercise of their rights, in particular that based on their indigenous origin or identity.  \nArticle 3  \nIndigenous peoples have the right to self-determination. By virtue of that right they freely determine their political status and freely pursue their economic, social and cultural development.  \nArticle 4  \nIndigenous peoples, in exercising their right to self-determination, have the right to autonomy or self-government in matters relating to their internal and local affairs, as well as ways and means for financ- ing their autonomous functions.\n\nArticle 5  \nIndigenous peoples have the right to maintain and strengthen their distinct political, legal, economic, social and cultural institutions, while retaining their right to participate fully, if they so choose, in the political, economic, social and cultural life of the State.  \nArticle 6  \nEvery indigenous individual has the right to a nationality.  \nArticle 7  \n1\\. Indigenous individuals have the rights to life, physical and men- tal integrity, liberty and security of person.  \n2\\. Indigenous peoples have the collective right to live in freedom, peace and security as distinct peoples and shall not be subjected to any act of genocide or any other act of violence, including forcibly removing children of the group to another group.  \nArticle 8  \n1\\. Indigenous peoples and individuals have the right not to be subjected to forced assimilation or destruction of their culture.  \n2\\. States shall provide effective mechanisms for prevention of, and redress for:  \n(a) Any action which has the aim or effect of depriving them of their integrity as distinct peoples, or of their cultural values or ethnic identities;  \n(b) Any action which has the aim or effect of dispossessing them of their lands, territories or resources; (c) Any form of forced population transfer which has the aim or effect of violating or undermining any of their rights; (d) Any form of forced assimilation or integration; (e) Any form of propaganda designed to promote or incite racial or ethnic discrimination directed against them.  \nArticle 9  \nIndigenous peoples and individuals have the right to belong to an indigenous community or nation, in accordance with the traditions and customs of the community or nation concerned. No discrimina- tion of any kind may arise from the exercise of such a right.\n\nArticle 10  \nIndigenous peoples shall not be forcibly removed from their lands or territories. No relocation shall take place without the free, prior and informed consent of the indigenous peoples concerned and after agreement on just and fair compensation and, where possible, with the option of return.  \nArticle 11  \n1\\. Indigenous peoples have the right to practise and revitalize their cultural traditions and customs. This includes the right to maintain, protect and develop the past, present and future manifestations of their cultures, such as archaeological and historical sites, artefacts, designs, ceremonies, technologies and visual and performing arts and literature.  \n2\\. States shall provide redress through effective mechanisms, which may include restitution, developed in conjunction with indigenous peoples, with respect to their cultural, intellectual, religious and spir- itual property taken without their free, prior and informed consent or in violation of their laws, traditions and customs.  \nArticle 12  \n1\\. Indigenous peoples have the right to manifest, practise, develop and teach their spiritual and religious traditions, customs and cer- emonies; the right to maintain, protect, and have access in privacy to their religious and cultural sites; the right to the use and control of their ceremonial objects; and the right to the repatriation of their human remains.  \n2\\. States shall seek to enable the access and/or repatriation of cer- emonial objects and human remains in their possession through fair, transparent and effective mechanisms developed in conjunction with indigenous peoples concerned.\n\nArticle 13  \n1\\. Indigenous peoples have the right to revitalize, use, develop and transmit to future generations their histories, languages, oral tradi- tions, philosophies, writing systems and literatures, and to designate and retain their own names for communities, places and persons.  \n2\\. States shall take effective measures to ensure that this right is protected and also to ensure that indigenous peoples can understand and be understood in political, legal and administrative proceedings, where necessary through the provision of interpretation or by other appropriate means.  \nArticle 14  \n1\\. Indigenous peoples have the right to establish and control their educational systems and institutions providing education in their own languages, in a manner appropriate to their cultural methods of teaching and learning.  \n2\\. Indigenous individuals, particularly children, have the right to all levels and forms of education of the State without discrimina- tion.  \n3\\. States shall, in conjunction with indigenous peoples, take effect-tive measures, in order for indigenous individuals, particularly chil-dren, including those living outside their communities, to have access, when possible, to an education in their own culture and pro- vided in their own language.  \nArticle 15  \n1\\. Indigenous peoples have the right to the dignity and diversity of their cultures, traditions, histories and aspirations which shall be appropriately reflected in education and public information.  \n2\\. States shall take effective measures, in consultation and coopera- tion with the indigenous peoples concerned, to combat prejudice and eliminate discrimination and to promote tolerance, understand- ing and good relations among indigenous peoples and all other seg- ments of society.  \nArticle 16  \n1\\. Indigenous peoples have the right to establish their own media in their own languages and to have access to all forms of non-indigenous media without discrimination.\n\n2\\. States shall take effective measures to ensure that State-owned media duly reflect indigenous cultural diversity. States, without prejudice to ensuring full freedom of expression, should encour- age privately owned media to adequately reflect indigenous cultural diversity.  \nArticle 17  \n1\\. Indigenous individuals and peoples have the right to enjoy fully all rights established under applicable international and domestic labour law.  \n2\\. States shall in consultation and cooperation with indigenous peoples take specific measures to protect indigenous children from economic exploitation and from performing any work that is likely to be hazardous or to interfere with the child’s education, or to be harmful to the child’s health or physical, mental, spiritual, moral or social development, taking into account their special vulnerability and the importance of education for their empowerment.  \n3\\. Indigenous individuals have the right not to be subjected to any discriminatory conditions of labour and, inter alia, employment or salary.  \nArticle 18  \nIndigenous peoples have the right to participate in decision-making in matters which would affect their rights, through representatives chosen by themselves in accordance with their own procedures, as well as to maintain and develop their own indigenous decision- making institutions.  \nArticle 19  \nStates shall consult and cooperate in good faith with the indigenous peoples concerned through their own representative institutions in order to obtain their free, prior and informed consent before adopt- ing and implementing legislative or administrative measures that may affect them.  \nArticle 20  \n1\\. Indigenous peoples have the right to maintain and develop their political, economic and social systems or institutions, to be secure in the enjoyment of their own means of subsistence and develop- ment, and to engage freely in all their traditional and other eco- nomic activities.\n\n2\\. Indigenous peoples deprived of their means of subsistence and development are entitled to just and fair redress\n\nArticle 21  \n1\\. Indigenous peoples have the right, without discrimination, to the improvement of their economic and social conditions, including, inter alia, in the areas of education, employment, vocational training and retraining, housing, sanitation, health and social security.  \n2\\. States shall take effective measures and, where appropriate, spe- cial measures to ensure continuing improvement of their economic and social conditions. Particular attention shall be paid to the rights and special needs of indigenous elders, women, youth, children and persons with disabilities.  \nArticle 22  \n1\\. Particular attention shall be paid to the rights and special needs of indigenous elders, women, youth, children and persons with dis- abilities in the implementation of this Declaration.  \n2\\. States shall take measures, in conjunction with indigenous peoples, to ensure that indigenous women and children enjoy the full protection and guarantees against all forms of violence and discrimination.  \nArticle 23  \nIndigenous peoples have the right to determine and develop pri- orities and strategies for exercising their right to development. In particular, indigenous peoples have the right to be actively involved in developing and determining health, housing and other economic and social programmes affecting them and, as far as possible, to administer such programmes through their own institutions.  \nArticle 24  \n1\\. Indigenous peoples have the right to their traditional medicines and to maintain their health practices, including the conservation of their vital medicinal plants, animals and minerals. Indigenous indi- viduals also have the right to access, without any discrimination, to all social and health services.  \n2\\. Indigenous individuals have an equal right to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health. States shall take the necessary steps with a view to achieving progressively the full realization of this right.  \nArticle 25  \nIndigenous peoples have the right to maintain and strengthen their distinctive spiritual relationship with their traditionally owned or otherwise occupied and used lands, territories, waters and coastal seas and other resources and to uphold their responsibilities to future generations in this regard.  \nArticle 26  \n1\\. Indigenous peoples have the right to the lands, territories and resources which they have traditionally owned, occupied or other- wise used or acquired.  \n2\\. Indigenous peoples have the right to own, use, develop and control the lands, territories and resources that they possess by rea- son of traditional ownership or other traditional occupation or use, as well as those which they have otherwise acquired.  \n3\\. States shall give legal recognition and protection to these lands, territories and resources. Such recognition shall be conducted with due respect to the customs, traditions and land tenure systems of the indigenous peoples concerned.  \nArticle 27  \nStates shall establish and implement, in conjunction with indige- nous peoples concerned, a fair, independent, impartial, open and transparent process, giving due recognition to indigenous peoples’ laws, traditions, customs and land tenure systems, to recognize and adjudicate the rights of indigenous peoples pertaining to their lands, territories and resources, including those which were traditionally owned or otherwise occupied or used. Indigenous peoples shall have the right to participate in this process.  \nArticle 28  \n1\\. Indigenous peoples have the right to redress, by means that can include restitution or, when this is not possible, just, fair and equita- ble compensation, for the lands, territories and resources which they have traditionally owned or otherwise occupied or used, and which have been confiscated, taken, occupied, used or damaged without their free, prior and informed consent.  \n2\\. Unless otherwise freely agreed upon by the peoples concerned, compensation shall take the form of lands, territories and resources  \nequal in quality, size and legal status or of monetary compensation or other appropriate redress.  \nArticle 29  \n1\\. Indigenous peoples have the right to the conservation and pro- tection of the environment and the productive capacity of their lands or territories and resources. States shall establish and implement assistance programmes for indigenous peoples for such conservation and protection, without discrimination.  \n2\\. States shall take effective measures to ensure that no storage or disposal of hazardous materials shall take place in the lands or ter- ritories of indigenous peoples without their free, prior and informed consent.  \n3\\. States shall also take effective measures to ensure, as needed, that programmes for monitoring, maintaining and restoring the health of indigenous peoples, as developed and implemented by the peoples affected by such materials, are duly implemented.\n\nArticle 30  \n1\\. Military activities shall not take place in the lands or territories of indigenous peoples, unless justified by a relevant public interest or otherwise freely agreed with or requested by the indigenous peoples concerned. 2. States shall undertake effective consultations with the indig- enous peoples concerned, through appropriate procedures and in particular through their representative institutions, prior to using their lands or territories for military activities.  \nArticle 31  \n1\\. Indigenous peoples have the right to maintain, control, protect and develop their cultural heritage, traditional knowledge and tra- ditional cultural expressions, as well as the manifestations of their sciences, technologies and cultures, including human and genetic resources, seeds, medicines, knowledge of the properties of fauna and flora, oral traditions, literatures, designs, sports and traditional games and visual and performing arts. They also have the right to maintain, control, protect and develop their intellectual property over such cultural heritage, traditional knowledge, and traditional cultural expressions.\n\n2\\. In conjunction with indigenous peoples, States shall take effec- tive measures to recognize and protect the exercise of these rights.  \nArticle 32  \n1\\. Indigenous peoples have the right to determine and develop priorities and strategies for the development or use of their lands or territories and other resources.  \n2\\. States shall consult and cooperate in good faith with the indig- enous peoples concerned through their own representative institu- tions in order to obtain their free and informed consent prior to the approval of any project affecting their lands or territories and other resources, particularly in connection with the development, utiliza- tion or exploitation of mineral, water or other resources. 3. States shall provide effective mechanisms for just and fair redress for any such activities, and appropriate measures shall be taken to mitigate adverse environmental, economic, social, cultural or spiri- tual impact.  \nArticle 33  \n1\\. Indigenous peoples have the right to determine their own iden- tity or membership in accordance with their customs and traditions. This does not impair the right of indigenous individuals to obtain citizenship of the States in which they live. 2. Indigenous peoples have the right to determine the structures and to select the membership of their institutions in accordance with their own procedures.  \nArticle 34  \nIndigenous peoples have the right to promote, develop and main- tain their institutional structures and their distinctive customs, spiri- tuality, traditions, procedures, practices and, in the cases where they exist, juridical systems or customs, in accordance with international human rights standards.  \nArticle 35  \nIndigenous peoples have the right to determine the responsibilities of individuals to their communities.\n\nArticle 36  \n1\\. Indigenous peoples, in particular those divided by international borders, have the right to maintain and develop contacts, relations and cooperation, including activities for spiritual, cultural, political, economic and social purposes, with their own members as well as other peoples across borders.  \n2\\. States, in consultation and cooperation with indigenous peo- ples, shall take effective measures to facilitate the exercise and ensure the implementation of this right.  \nArticle 37  \n1\\. Indigenous peoples have the right to the recognition, observ- ance and enforcement of treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements concluded with States or their successors and to have States honour and respect such treaties, agreements and other con- structive arrangements.  \n2\\. Nothing in this Declaration may be interpreted as diminishing or eliminating the rights of indigenous peoples contained in treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements.  \nArticle 38  \nStates, in consultation and cooperation with indigenous peoples, shall take the appropriate measures, including legislative measures, to achieve the ends of this Declaration.  \nArticle 39  \nIndigenous peoples have the right to have access to financial and technical assistance from States and through international coopera- tion, for the enjoyment of the rights contained in this Declaration.  \nArticle 40  \nIndigenous peoples have the right to access to and prompt decision through just and fair procedures for the resolution of conflicts and disputes with States or other parties, as well as to effective remedies for all infringements of their individual and collective rights. Such a decision shall give due consideration to the customs, traditions, rules and legal systems of the indigenous peoples concerned and international human rights.\n\nArticle 41  \nThe organs and specialized agencies of the United Nations system and other intergovernmental organizations shall contribute to the full realization of the provisions of this Declaration through the mobiliza- tion, inter alia, of financial cooperation and technical assistance. Ways and means of ensuring participation of indigenous peoples on issues affecting them shall be established.  \nArticle 42  \nThe United Nations, its bodies, including the Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues, and specialized agencies, including at the coun- try level, and States shall promote respect for and full application of the provisions of this Declaration and follow up the effectiveness of this Declaration.  \nArticle 43  \nThe rights recognized herein constitute the minimum standards for the survival, dignity and well-being of the indigenous peoples of the world.  \nArticle 44  \nAll the rights and freedoms recognized herein are equally guaran- teed to male and female indigenous individuals.  \nArticle 45  \nNothing in this Declaration may be construed as diminishing or extinguishing the rights indigenous peoples have now or may acquire in the future.  \nArticle 46  \n1\\. Nothing in this Declaration may be interpreted as implying for any State, people, group or person any right to engage in any activity or to perform any act contrary to the Charter of the United Nations or construed as authorizing or encouraging any action which would dismember or impair, totally or in part, the territorial integrity or political unity of sovereign and independent States.  \n2\\. In the exercise of the rights enunciated in the present Dec- laration, human rights and fundamental freedoms of all shall be respected. The exercise of the rights set forth in this Declaration shall be subject only to such limitations as are determined by law and in accordance with international human rights obligations. Any such limitations shall be non-discriminatory and strictly necessary solely for the purpose of securing due recognition and respect for the rights and freedoms of others and for meeting the just and most compelling requirements of a democratic society. 3. The provisions set forth in this Declaration shall be interpreted in accordance with the principles of justice, democracy, respect for human rights, equality, non-discrimination, good governance and good faith.  \nThese United Nations articles on united Nations Declaration on the rights of the indigenous people which Nigeria is a signatory to has proven beyond every reasonable doubt that the Indigenous people of Biafra has every international rights and backing to continue in their pursuit for the Restoration of their sovereign state Biafra",
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2017/11/08 10:38:39
parent author
parent permlinkuncategorized
authorbenmarvel
permlinkbiafraipob-boycott-anambra-state-election-come-november-18th
titleBiafra:IPOB to boycott Anambra state Election come November 18th
body2 SHARES [Share](https://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fprimpost.com.ng%2F2017%2F11%2F08%2Fbiafraipob-boycott-anambra-state-election-come-november-18th%2F)[Tweet](https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=&url=https://primpost.com.ng/2017/11/08/biafraipob-boycott-anambra-state-election-come-november-18th/)[Subscribe](#) ![](https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQKhdOTJ-kYPP5A0ITw5deowUx09l8RmM2DiVWO8lKp7R0ZSsIa5A) The indigenous people of Biafra \[IPOB\] under the leadership of Mazi Nnamdi kanu has set aside 18th of November as a day to clearly notify the international communities and the world at large that the people of Biafra are no longer interested in Nigeria politics. The boycotting of the Anambra state election is said to be an ultimate goal which will be used to draw the attention of the United Nations, Africa Union, European Union and other Human right organisation to come to the term that the people of Biafra are now fully ready to dismember themselves from the country Nigeria, Nnamdi Kanu the leader of IPOB had said in his speech few months ago before the crack down by the Nigeria Army which led to torturing and killing of many innocent people which the Nigeria Army titled “Operation Python Dance 2”, it was at the junction of this Operation python dance 2 that led the to missing of the leader of the Indigenous people of Biafra Nnamdi Kanu who was said to have being either killed or been held in the custody of the Nigeria Army. The Nigeria government thought that the killing of innocent people at the hometown of Nnamdi Kanu would deter and stop the agitation for the sovereign state of Biafra but the revise is the case instead of taming the agitation for the restoration of Biafra including the proscription of IPOB as a terrorist organisation which many international community has refuse to accept the proscription because they believe that Biafran has the right to agitate for freedom as it is being well enshrined in the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples http://www.un.org/esa/socdev/unpfii/documents/DRIPS\_en.pdf \[UNDRIP\] the international communities has refute the labelling of IPOB as a terrorist organisation holding to the fact that they have been peaceful in their approaches to attain self-determination and emancipation of the people of Biafra who are passing through marginalisation and ill-treatment by both the Nigeria government and its security operatives which includes napping and arresting of members of the Indigenous people of Biafra and detaining them without been brought to court for questionings. The Enugu state local government election seems to be a tip of an ice Berg of what that is going happen in Anambra state come November 18th 2017, The leader of the Indigenous people of Biafra Nnamdi Kanu and Biafran has sown not to participate in any Nigeria electionary processes owing to the sacrosanct message they intend to pass on to the World at large which is to be given a referendum date. The indigenous people Biafra \[IPOB\] has made poster which were being placed at different centra positions which will serve as a reminder to the people to sit at home and observe the “Ofensala Day” as it was being titled by leader Nnamdi Kanu the leader of the indigenous people of Biafra \[IPOB\]
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      "title": "Biafra:IPOB to boycott Anambra state Election come November 18th",
      "body": "2\n\nSHARES\n\n[Share](https://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fprimpost.com.ng%2F2017%2F11%2F08%2Fbiafraipob-boycott-anambra-state-election-come-november-18th%2F)[Tweet](https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=&url=https://primpost.com.ng/2017/11/08/biafraipob-boycott-anambra-state-election-come-november-18th/)[Subscribe](#)\n\n\n\n \n\n\n\n\n\n![](https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQKhdOTJ-kYPP5A0ITw5deowUx09l8RmM2DiVWO8lKp7R0ZSsIa5A)\n\nThe indigenous people of Biafra \\[IPOB\\] under the leadership of Mazi Nnamdi kanu has set aside 18th of November as a day to clearly notify the international communities and the world at large that the people of Biafra are no longer interested in Nigeria politics.\n\nThe boycotting of the Anambra state election is said to be an ultimate goal which will be used to draw the attention of the United Nations, Africa Union, European Union and other Human right organisation to come to the term that the people of Biafra are now fully ready to dismember themselves from the country Nigeria, Nnamdi Kanu the leader of IPOB had said in his speech few months ago before the crack down by the Nigeria Army which led to torturing and killing of many innocent people which the Nigeria Army titled “Operation Python Dance 2”, it was at the junction of this Operation python dance 2 that led the to missing of the leader of the Indigenous people of Biafra Nnamdi Kanu who was said to have being either killed or been held in the custody of the Nigeria Army.\n\nThe Nigeria government thought that the killing of innocent people at the hometown of Nnamdi Kanu would deter and stop the agitation for the sovereign state of Biafra but the revise is the case instead of taming the agitation for the restoration of Biafra including the proscription of IPOB as a terrorist organisation which many international community has refuse to accept the proscription because they believe that Biafran has the right to agitate for freedom as it is being well enshrined in the United Nations Declaration  \non the Rights of Indigenous Peoples http://www.un.org/esa/socdev/unpfii/documents/DRIPS\\_en.pdf \\[UNDRIP\\] the international communities has refute the labelling of IPOB as a terrorist organisation holding to the fact that they have been peaceful in their approaches to attain self-determination and emancipation of the people of Biafra who are passing through marginalisation and ill-treatment by both the Nigeria government and its security operatives which includes napping and arresting of members of the Indigenous people of Biafra and detaining them without been brought to court for questionings.\n\nThe Enugu state local government election seems to be a tip of an ice Berg of what that is going happen in Anambra state come November 18th 2017, The leader of the Indigenous people of Biafra Nnamdi Kanu and Biafran has sown not to participate in any Nigeria electionary processes owing to the sacrosanct message they intend to pass on to the World at large which is to be given a referendum date.\n\nThe indigenous people Biafra \\[IPOB\\] has made poster which were being placed at different centra positions which will serve as a reminder to the people to sit at home and observe the “Ofensala Day” as it was being titled by leader Nnamdi Kanu the leader of the indigenous people of Biafra \\[IPOB\\]",
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2017/11/08 05:06:39
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2017/11/08 05:06:39
parent author
parent permlinkuncategorized
authorbenmarvel
permlinkbiafraipob-boycott-anambra-state-election-come-november-18th
titleBiafra:IPOB to boycott Anambra state Election come November 18th
body0 SHARES [Share](https://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fprimpost.com.ng%2F2017%2F11%2F08%2Fbiafraipob-boycott-anambra-state-election-come-november-18th%2F)[Tweet](https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=&url=https://primpost.com.ng/2017/11/08/biafraipob-boycott-anambra-state-election-come-november-18th/)[Subscribe](#) The indigenous people of Biafra \[IPOB\] under the leadership of Mazi Nnamdi kanu has set aside 18th of November as a day to clearly notify the international communities and the world at large that the people of Biafra are no longer interested in Nigeria politics. The boycotting of the Anambra state election is said to be an ultimate goal which will be used to draw the attention of the United Nations, Africa Union, European Union and other Human right organisation to come to the term that the people of Biafra are now fully ready to dismember themselves from the country Nigeria, Nnamdi Kanu the leader of IPOB had said in his speech few months ago before the crack down by the Nigeria Army which led to torturing and killing of many innocent people which the Nigeria Army titled “Operation Python Dance 2”, it was at the junction of this Operation python dance 2 that led the to missing of the leader of the Indigenous people of Biafra Nnamdi Kanu who was said to have being either killed or been held in the custody of the Nigeria Army. The Nigeria government thought that the killing of innocent people at the hometown of Nnamdi Kanu would deter and stop the agitation for the sovereign state of Biafra but the revise is the case instead of taming the agitation for the restoration of Biafra including the proscription of IPOB as a terrorist organisation which many international community has refuse to accept the proscription because they believe that Biafran has the right to agitate for freedom as it is being well enshrined in the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples http://www.un.org/esa/socdev/unpfii/documents/DRIPS\_en.pdf \[UNDRIP\] the international communities has refute the labelling of IPOB as a terrorist organisation holding to the fact that they have been peaceful in their approaches to attain self-determination and emancipation of the people of Biafra who are passing through marginalisation and ill-treatment by both the Nigeria government and its security operatives which includes napping and arresting of members of the Indigenous people of Biafra and detaining them without been brought to court for questionings. The Enugu state local government election seems to be a tip of an ice Berg of what that is going happen in Anambra state come November 18th 2017, The leader of the Indigenous people of Biafra Nnamdi Kanu and Biafran has sown not to participate in any Nigeria electionary processes owing to the sacrosanct message they intend to pass on to the World at large which is to be given a referendum date. The indigenous people Biafra \[IPOB\] has made poster which were being placed at different centra positions which will serve as a reminder to the people to sit at home and observe the “Ofensala Day” as it was being titled by leader Nnamdi Kanu the leader of the indigenous people of Biafra \[IPOB\]
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      "body": "0\n\nSHARES\n\n[Share](https://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fprimpost.com.ng%2F2017%2F11%2F08%2Fbiafraipob-boycott-anambra-state-election-come-november-18th%2F)[Tweet](https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=&url=https://primpost.com.ng/2017/11/08/biafraipob-boycott-anambra-state-election-come-november-18th/)[Subscribe](#)\n\n\n\n \n\n\n\n\n\nThe indigenous people of Biafra \\[IPOB\\] under the leadership of Mazi Nnamdi kanu has set aside 18th of November as a day to clearly notify the international communities and the world at large that the people of Biafra are no longer interested in Nigeria politics.\n\nThe boycotting of the Anambra state election is said to be an ultimate goal which will be used to draw the attention of the United Nations, Africa Union, European Union and other Human right organisation to come to the term that the people of Biafra are now fully ready to dismember themselves from the country Nigeria, Nnamdi Kanu the leader of IPOB had said in his speech few months ago before the crack down by the Nigeria Army which led to torturing and killing of many innocent people which the Nigeria Army titled “Operation Python Dance 2”, it was at the junction of this Operation python dance 2 that led the to missing of the leader of the Indigenous people of Biafra Nnamdi Kanu who was said to have being either killed or been held in the custody of the Nigeria Army.\n\nThe Nigeria government thought that the killing of innocent people at the hometown of Nnamdi Kanu would deter and stop the agitation for the sovereign state of Biafra but the revise is the case instead of taming the agitation for the restoration of Biafra including the proscription of IPOB as a terrorist organisation which many international community has refuse to accept the proscription because they believe that Biafran has the right to agitate for freedom as it is being well enshrined in the United Nations Declaration  \non the Rights of Indigenous Peoples http://www.un.org/esa/socdev/unpfii/documents/DRIPS\\_en.pdf \\[UNDRIP\\] the international communities has refute the labelling of IPOB as a terrorist organisation holding to the fact that they have been peaceful in their approaches to attain self-determination and emancipation of the people of Biafra who are passing through marginalisation and ill-treatment by both the Nigeria government and its security operatives which includes napping and arresting of members of the Indigenous people of Biafra and detaining them without been brought to court for questionings.\n\nThe Enugu state local government election seems to be a tip of an ice Berg of what that is going happen in Anambra state come November 18th 2017, The leader of the Indigenous people of Biafra Nnamdi Kanu and Biafran has sown not to participate in any Nigeria electionary processes owing to the sacrosanct message they intend to pass on to the World at large which is to be given a referendum date.\n\nThe indigenous people Biafra \\[IPOB\\] has made poster which were being placed at different centra positions which will serve as a reminder to the people to sit at home and observe the “Ofensala Day” as it was being titled by leader Nnamdi Kanu the leader of the indigenous people of Biafra \\[IPOB\\]",
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      "json_metadata": "{\"profile\":{\"name\":\"Benmarvel\",\"location\":\"Biafra\",\"website\":\"https://primpost.com.ng\"}}"
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}
benmarvelvoted for witness @ihashfury
2017/11/06 04:15:24
accountbenmarvel
witnessihashfury
approvetrue
Transaction InfoBlock #16974611/Trx 5e043009ee9080b9ed5d3759ceaa4a42c55fecb8
View Raw JSON Data
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benmarvelvoted for witness @abit
2017/11/06 04:15:24
accountbenmarvel
witnessabit
approvetrue
Transaction InfoBlock #16974611/Trx fbe14c73cb301f72b9592b2d7a560b787f1145e0
View Raw JSON Data
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benmarvelvoted for witness @drakos
2017/11/06 04:15:24
accountbenmarvel
witnessdrakos
approvetrue
Transaction InfoBlock #16974611/Trx 9f4a26919142cb782867b0233f270f7b53fa9383
View Raw JSON Data
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benmarvelvoted for witness @jerrybanfield
2017/11/06 04:15:24
accountbenmarvel
witnessjerrybanfield
approvetrue
Transaction InfoBlock #16974611/Trx 6f15cdef52272f1a05c5ff2e21eac65c335380ea
View Raw JSON Data
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benmarvelvoted for witness @cervantes
2017/11/06 04:15:21
accountbenmarvel
witnesscervantes
approvetrue
Transaction InfoBlock #16974610/Trx 30ff8c6b87f8b8a9ccf7d07bbfbae82b3c66ff7e
View Raw JSON Data
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benmarvelvoted for witness @klye
2017/11/06 04:15:18
accountbenmarvel
witnessklye
approvetrue
Transaction InfoBlock #16974609/Trx 168059e3b7c92d385703223557dcd70a3d113213
View Raw JSON Data
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benmarvelvoted for witness @followbtcnews
2017/11/06 04:15:09
accountbenmarvel
witnessfollowbtcnews
approvetrue
Transaction InfoBlock #16974606/Trx afc48b24d047eb22b1a89cefb35bebbb47c11150
View Raw JSON Data
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benmarvelvoted for witness @bhuz
2017/11/06 04:15:09
accountbenmarvel
witnessbhuz
approvetrue
Transaction InfoBlock #16974606/Trx 8889e26d1057e6f4b78351b8f439ba9652b6032e
View Raw JSON Data
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benmarvelvoted for witness @pharesim
2017/11/06 04:15:06
accountbenmarvel
witnesspharesim
approvetrue
Transaction InfoBlock #16974605/Trx ebde6f075a4a9ab721a198bd0642532c39f0fdc9
View Raw JSON Data
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benmarvelvoted for witness @liondani
2017/11/06 04:15:06
accountbenmarvel
witnessliondani
approvetrue
Transaction InfoBlock #16974605/Trx 78f9d118874b7304df77e17bfabe9af522412620
View Raw JSON Data
{
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benmarvelvoted for witness @smooth.witness
2017/11/06 04:15:06
accountbenmarvel
witnesssmooth.witness
approvetrue
Transaction InfoBlock #16974605/Trx 3ad211de219eb7f468a7abe00bf5c67904957e87
View Raw JSON Data
{
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benmarvelvoted for witness @thecryptodrive
2017/11/06 04:15:03
accountbenmarvel
witnessthecryptodrive
approvetrue
Transaction InfoBlock #16974604/Trx 01f75490d66ea4f4d2122e121cbe1e28309abbe4
View Raw JSON Data
{
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benmarvelvoted for witness @wackou
2017/11/06 04:15:03
accountbenmarvel
witnesswackou
approvetrue
Transaction InfoBlock #16974604/Trx 13f3ef344e363d10fc23032e9f6f9e6ea468b508
View Raw JSON Data
{
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benmarvelvoted for witness @lukestokes.mhth
2017/11/06 04:15:00
accountbenmarvel
witnesslukestokes.mhth
approvetrue
Transaction InfoBlock #16974603/Trx b1e90d4b97aa5f34d2fc018eda38b42eb89ca6e3
View Raw JSON Data
{
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benmarvelvoted for witness @riverhead
2017/11/06 04:15:00
accountbenmarvel
witnessriverhead
approvetrue
Transaction InfoBlock #16974603/Trx b3c0c75cfebf2edae4b4ad4449aa9ea093b78fbc
View Raw JSON Data
{
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benmarvelvoted for witness @busy.witness
2017/11/06 04:15:00
accountbenmarvel
witnessbusy.witness
approvetrue
Transaction InfoBlock #16974603/Trx c8d2e073b20d60487864b3dd1d9bdcb0db305ee4
View Raw JSON Data
{
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benmarvelvoted for witness @xeldal
2017/11/06 04:14:57
accountbenmarvel
witnessxeldal
approvetrue
Transaction InfoBlock #16974602/Trx 2f38125d70aaa3f3f6abd46c5783fb1aa57c97d5
View Raw JSON Data
{
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benmarvelvoted for witness @clayop
2017/11/06 04:14:57
accountbenmarvel
witnessclayop
approvetrue
Transaction InfoBlock #16974602/Trx 8efd5174e5d6bfc3929af93f95b38942c7a08c4b
View Raw JSON Data
{
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benmarvelvoted for witness @furion
2017/11/06 04:14:57
accountbenmarvel
witnessfurion
approvetrue
Transaction InfoBlock #16974602/Trx d274c9ba9388aae083886ae8e3f7d7dd9367980c
View Raw JSON Data
{
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benmarvelvoted for witness @ausbitbank
2017/11/06 04:14:48
accountbenmarvel
witnessausbitbank
approvetrue
Transaction InfoBlock #16974599/Trx 2b2ffa77dfc667e176edf1db9fb0be271c5d73bd
View Raw JSON Data
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benmarvelvoted for witness @pfunk
2017/11/06 04:14:45
accountbenmarvel
witnesspfunk
approvetrue
Transaction InfoBlock #16974598/Trx 4c1bae301ac1b2ff8183370ac49ded7ccc267672
View Raw JSON Data
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benmarvelvoted for witness @aggroed
2017/11/06 04:14:45
accountbenmarvel
witnessaggroed
approvetrue
Transaction InfoBlock #16974598/Trx 1ad450cede629fa44b32895ccf78e3bcd9c6d40b
View Raw JSON Data
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benmarvelvoted for witness @anyx
2017/11/06 04:14:42
accountbenmarvel
witnessanyx
approvetrue
Transaction InfoBlock #16974597/Trx f29dd9848c52f06e1a091bd0d8215ba2ce94d076
View Raw JSON Data
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benmarvelvoted for witness @blocktrades
2017/11/06 04:14:42
accountbenmarvel
witnessblocktrades
approvetrue
Transaction InfoBlock #16974597/Trx e449b397d3d5b972bd7d8ba53e3b4614d9aeb67d
View Raw JSON Data
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benmarvelvoted for witness @good-karma
2017/11/06 04:14:39
accountbenmarvel
witnessgood-karma
approvetrue
Transaction InfoBlock #16974596/Trx 188a740ec7a162e32942ca7e7e3146a90079259f
View Raw JSON Data
{
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benmarvelvoted for witness @roelandp
2017/11/06 04:14:39
accountbenmarvel
witnessroelandp
approvetrue
Transaction InfoBlock #16974596/Trx 1dc922970327d4638055fc8015098cb3a747e6e5
View Raw JSON Data
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benmarvelvoted for witness @someguy123
2017/11/06 04:14:39
accountbenmarvel
witnesssomeguy123
approvetrue
Transaction InfoBlock #16974596/Trx c97f1adacc9438a6ac487c884eecb90ff3ad6617
View Raw JSON Data
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benmarvelvoted for witness @gtg
2017/11/06 04:14:36
accountbenmarvel
witnessgtg
approvetrue
Transaction InfoBlock #16974595/Trx 321580ef49b89facfdf4991037f8de2e8d3bbaf7
View Raw JSON Data
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benmarvelvoted for witness @timcliff
2017/11/06 04:14:36
accountbenmarvel
witnesstimcliff
approvetrue
Transaction InfoBlock #16974595/Trx c737f1de38a8303966102ffe408b7cb9c3cdb3b7
View Raw JSON Data
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benmarvelvoted for witness @jesta
2017/11/06 04:14:24
accountbenmarvel
witnessjesta
approvetrue
Transaction InfoBlock #16974591/Trx 7fbdc3968969940a39e95785cca684c5e90a7926
View Raw JSON Data
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steemcreated a new account: @benmarvel
2017/10/21 05:32:36
fee0.500 STEEM
delegation57000.000000 VESTS
creatorsteem
new account namebenmarvel
owner{"weight_threshold":1,"account_auths":[],"key_auths":[["STM6Lz8jBKdMKHkLp72SV7h2tRpt9kPZnrGps6R6mmvZQXjXtP7KS",1]]}
active{"weight_threshold":1,"account_auths":[],"key_auths":[["STM7P5Qna7aTBvUEzFoDwRBNxcY71gNJYtjhUzKhTGgcLcE1Roefk",1]]}
posting{"weight_threshold":1,"account_auths":[],"key_auths":[["STM7XkbHDVNyvtHRL99CXiBR8rndoXMX95w1q4rshdMvBYxwjDyLJ",1]]}
memo keySTM7L71SSzKkvdZ2Zg3qRrXnARuxAZ839ZQM6mPYqJ1SbLy7NR4t3
json metadata
extensions[]
Transaction InfoBlock #16515546/Trx d23a36ba2b51ab7790dc7d79b97a5f05ddca1ada
View Raw JSON Data
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  "op": [
    "account_create_with_delegation",
    {
      "fee": "0.500 STEEM",
      "delegation": "57000.000000 VESTS",
      "creator": "steem",
      "new_account_name": "benmarvel",
      "owner": {
        "weight_threshold": 1,
        "account_auths": [],
        "key_auths": [
          [
            "STM6Lz8jBKdMKHkLp72SV7h2tRpt9kPZnrGps6R6mmvZQXjXtP7KS",
            1
          ]
        ]
      },
      "active": {
        "weight_threshold": 1,
        "account_auths": [],
        "key_auths": [
          [
            "STM7P5Qna7aTBvUEzFoDwRBNxcY71gNJYtjhUzKhTGgcLcE1Roefk",
            1
          ]
        ]
      },
      "posting": {
        "weight_threshold": 1,
        "account_auths": [],
        "key_auths": [
          [
            "STM7XkbHDVNyvtHRL99CXiBR8rndoXMX95w1q4rshdMvBYxwjDyLJ",
            1
          ]
        ]
      },
      "memo_key": "STM7L71SSzKkvdZ2Zg3qRrXnARuxAZ839ZQM6mPYqJ1SbLy7NR4t3",
      "json_metadata": "",
      "extensions": []
    }
  ]
}

Account Metadata

POSTING JSON METADATA
profile{"name":"Benmarvel","location":"Biafra","website":"https://primpost.com.ng"}
JSON METADATA
profile{"name":"Benmarvel","location":"Biafra","website":"https://primpost.com.ng"}
{
  "posting_json_metadata": {
    "profile": {
      "name": "Benmarvel",
      "location": "Biafra",
      "website": "https://primpost.com.ng"
    }
  },
  "json_metadata": {
    "profile": {
      "name": "Benmarvel",
      "location": "Biafra",
      "website": "https://primpost.com.ng"
    }
  }
}

Auth Keys

Owner
Single Signature
Public Keys
STM6Lz8jBKdMKHkLp72SV7h2tRpt9kPZnrGps6R6mmvZQXjXtP7KS1/1
Active
Single Signature
Public Keys
STM7P5Qna7aTBvUEzFoDwRBNxcY71gNJYtjhUzKhTGgcLcE1Roefk1/1
Posting
Single Signature
Public Keys
STM7XkbHDVNyvtHRL99CXiBR8rndoXMX95w1q4rshdMvBYxwjDyLJ1/1
Memo
STM7L71SSzKkvdZ2Zg3qRrXnARuxAZ839ZQM6mPYqJ1SbLy7NR4t3
{
  "owner": {
    "weight_threshold": 1,
    "account_auths": [],
    "key_auths": [
      [
        "STM6Lz8jBKdMKHkLp72SV7h2tRpt9kPZnrGps6R6mmvZQXjXtP7KS",
        1
      ]
    ]
  },
  "active": {
    "weight_threshold": 1,
    "account_auths": [],
    "key_auths": [
      [
        "STM7P5Qna7aTBvUEzFoDwRBNxcY71gNJYtjhUzKhTGgcLcE1Roefk",
        1
      ]
    ]
  },
  "posting": {
    "weight_threshold": 1,
    "account_auths": [],
    "key_auths": [
      [
        "STM7XkbHDVNyvtHRL99CXiBR8rndoXMX95w1q4rshdMvBYxwjDyLJ",
        1
      ]
    ]
  },
  "memo": "STM7L71SSzKkvdZ2Zg3qRrXnARuxAZ839ZQM6mPYqJ1SbLy7NR4t3"
}

Witness Votes

30 / 30
[
  "abit",
  "aggroed",
  "anyx",
  "ausbitbank",
  "bhuz",
  "blocktrades",
  "busy.witness",
  "cervantes",
  "clayop",
  "drakos",
  "followbtcnews",
  "furion",
  "good-karma",
  "gtg",
  "ihashfury",
  "jerrybanfield",
  "jesta",
  "klye",
  "liondani",
  "lukestokes.mhth",
  "pfunk",
  "pharesim",
  "riverhead",
  "roelandp",
  "smooth.witness",
  "someguy123",
  "thecryptodrive",
  "timcliff",
  "wackou",
  "xeldal"
]