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| comment | | "parent_author":"",<br>"parent_permlink":"steemit-health",<br>"author":"socrates1997",<br>"permlink":"nose-bleeding",<br>"title":"NOSE BLEEDING",<br>"body":"Epistaxis (Nosebleed)\n![ (https:\/\/steemitimages.com\/DQmcQsvbhyMEC1y2VZQE8JnUHZpCpxDkw4GyPUioxaJZZBv\/image.png)\nEpistaxis is a hemorrhage from the nose caused by the rupture\nof tiny,<br> distended vessels in the mucous membrane of any area\nof the nasal passage. The anterior septum is the most common\nsite. Risk factors include infections,<br> low humidity,<br> nasal\ninhalation of illicit drugs,<br> trauma (including vigorous nose\nblowing and nose picking),<br> arteriosclerosis,<br> hypertension,<br>\nnasal tumors,<br> thrombocytopenia,<br> aspirin use,<br> liver disease,<br> and\nhemorrhagic syndromes.\n![ (https:\/\/steemitimages.com\/DQmPiiFZ1jeiY4AcQEm3d2ybXsVdYi8UrUFREyoDFhC2gjm\/image.png)![ (https:\/\/steemitimages.com\/DQmRcnzeAmpgXmPfoewnfXr4CV3pAipxQkHTKPp4JHr5bpM\/image.png)\nMedical Management\nA nasal speculum,<br> penlight,<br> or headlight may be used to identify\nthe site of bleeding in the nasal cavity. The patient sits\nupright with the head tilted forward to prevent swallowing\nand aspiration of blood and is directed to pinch the soft outer\nportion of the nose against the midline septum for 5 or\n10 minutes continuously.\n![ (https:\/\/steemitimages.com\/DQmNdjeeaLhmnqY1gSgyVmqHLPLcfb6CjguqjcwZVUbXEnk\/image.png)\n\n\n Alternatively,<br> a cotton tampon may\nbe used to try to stop the bleeding. Suction may be used to\nremove excess blood and clots from the field of inspection.\nApplication of anesthetics and nasal decongestants (phenylephrine,<br>\none or two sprays) to act as vasoconstrictors may be\nnecessary. Visible bleeding sites may be cauterized with silver\nnitrate or electrocautery (high-frequency electrical current).\nIf the origin of the bleeding cannot be identified,<br> the nose\nmay be packed with gauze impregnated with petrolatum jelly or\nantibiotic ointment. The packing may remain in place for\n48 hours or up to 5 or 6 days if necessary to control bleeding.\nAntibiotics may be prescribed to prevent and manage infection.\nNursing Management\n\u2022 Monitor vital signs,<br> airway,<br> and breathing,<br> and assist in control\nof bleeding.\n\u2022 Provide tissues and an emesis basin for expectoration of\nblood.\n\u2022 Reassure patient in a calm,<br> efficient manner that bleeding\ncan be controlled.\n\u2022 Once bleeding is controlled,<br> instruct the patient to avoid\nvigorous exercise for several days and to avoid hot or spicy\nfoods and tobacco.![ (https:\/\/steemitimages.com\/DQmWp35cJUkBi1Z1t3YviY2PGUaUT9wk9VvZbn6hQbF4TJJ\/image.png)",<br>"json_metadata":" \"tags\":[\"steemit-health\",<br>\"lifestyle\",<br>\"science\",<br>\"education\" ,<br>\"image\":[\"https:\/\/steemitimages.com\/DQmcQsvbhyMEC1y2VZQE8JnUHZpCpxDkw4GyPUioxaJZZBv\/image.png\",<br>\"https:\/\/steemitimages.com\/DQmPiiFZ1jeiY4AcQEm3d2ybXsVdYi8UrUFREyoDFhC2gjm\/image.png\",<br>\"https:\/\/steemitimages.com\/DQmRcnzeAmpgXmPfoewnfXr4CV3pAipxQkHTKPp4JHr5bpM\/image.png\",<br>\"https:\/\/steemitimages.com\/DQmNdjeeaLhmnqY1gSgyVmqHLPLcfb6CjguqjcwZVUbXEnk\/image.png\",<br>\"https:\/\/steemitimages.com\/DQmWp35cJUkBi1Z1t3YviY2PGUaUT9wk9VvZbn6hQbF4TJJ\/image.png\" ,<br>\"app\":\"steemit\/0.1\",<br>\"format\":\"markdown\" " |
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