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| comment | | "parent_author":"",<br>"parent_permlink":"science",<br>"author":"whalhesa",<br>"permlink":"black-hole-monster-in-early-universe-723166ffe32ba",<br>"title":"Black Hole Monster in Early Universe",<br>"body":"<center>https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/images\/467382main_dn12679-1_600.jpg<\/center>\n<center><sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/images\/467382main_dn12679-1_600.jpg\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">credit image<\/a><\/sup><\/center>\n\n***\n\n<div class=\"text-justify\">\n\nA giant black hole formed when the young universe was discovered by astronomers. The first black hole observed in 2013 with the 2.4 meter Lijiang telescope in Yunnan,<br> China,<br> is known to be 6 times larger than other black holes found in almost the same era.\n\nThis discovery makes the new black hole the largest black hole found in the early era of the universe. The presence of the black hole is clearly a new challenge and question for the evolution of black holes,<br> stars,<br> and galaxies.\n\nHow come? There is a giant black hole formed when the universe was only 1 billion years old,<br> a time when the first star in the universe had just formed. Interesting question,<br> how is the black hole formed in the early era of the universe?\n\n**Giant Beings in the Early Universe**\n\n<div class=\"pull-right\">\n <center>\n <img src=\"http:\/\/wwwcdn.skyandtelescope.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/high_redshift_black_hole_luminosity.jpg\n\" \/>\n <br\/>\n <em><sup><a href=\"http:\/\/wwwcdn.skyandtelescope.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/high_redshift_black_hole_luminosity.jpg\">Credit image<\/a><\/sup><\/em>\n <\/center>\n<\/div>\n\nThe gigantic black hole is of course not directly seen by astronomers,<br> considering that the black hole itself is a super-strong gravity object where light can not escape from it. While the information of celestial bodies is received from the light.\n\nBy using the 2.4-meter Lijiang Telescope (LJT),<br> 6.5 meters Multiple Mirror Telescope (MMT) and Large Binocular Telescope (LBT) 8.4 meters in Arizona,<br> USA,<br> Magellan Telescope 6.5 meters at Las Campanas Observatory,<br> Chile ,<br> and the 8.8-meter Gemini North Telescope at Mauna Kea,<br> Hawaii,<br> USA,<br> a team of astronomers led by Professor. Xue-Bing Wu from Peking University managed to find a new quasar,<br> which has a black hole of 12 billion solar masses at its center. The quasar found is very bright with the luminosity of 420 trillion solar luminosity. The light received from the quasar SDSS J0100 + 2802 takes 12.8 billion light to reach the astronomers. Thus,<br> it can be concluded that the light that came to begin its journey when the universe was only about 900 million years old.\n\nAt the age of 900 million years,<br> the universe has just left the era of darkness. The dark age of the universe is a time when a light has not yet been able to travel so that no information can be received from that period. After the universe came out of the dark age,<br> it entered an era of reionization where stars began to shine. Based on Planck's latest observations,<br> the era of reionization is expected to end when the universe is 900 million years old.\n\nHow are very strong quasars and such massive black holes can form in an era when stars and galaxies just emerged?\n\n<div class=\"pull-left\">\n <center>\n <img src=\"http:\/\/i.dailymail.co.uk\/i\/pix\/2017\/09\/04\/15\/43E6308800000578-4850546-image-a-9_1504535967140.jpg\n\" \/>\n <br\/>\n <em><sup><a href=\"http:\/\/i.dailymail.co.uk\/i\/pix\/2017\/09\/04\/15\/43E6308800000578-4850546-image-a-9_1504535967140.jpg\">Credit image<\/a><\/sup><\/em>\n <\/center>\n<\/div>\n\nSuch a quasar is known to be a very powerful object and powered by a supermassive black hole at its center that continuously captures the matter around it. Until now,<br> astronomers have managed to find more than 200000 quasars with age spanning from 0.7 billion years after the Big Bang to this day. Of the 200000 quasars already discovered,<br> only 40 quasars are known to come from 12.7 billion light-years away.\n\nThe quasar found by the team led by Xue-Bing Wu,<br> 7 times more luminous than the distant quasars already found. In this case,<br> the comparison is done with quasars that are at a distance of 13 billion light years. Quasar SDSS J0100 + 2802 is home to a mass black hole of 12 billion solar masses. Thus,<br> the quadrant SDSS J0100 + 2802 becomes the most luminous and powerful quasar with the most massive black hole among the contemporary quasars.\n\nSupermassive black holes are known to be at the center of most galaxies. One of those supermassive black holes is at the center of the Milky Way. The mass is only 3 million solar masses and it is powered by quasars that are 4000 times stronger. Although there is a much more massive quasar of quasars discovered by Prof. Xue-Bing Wu,<br> to reach such a large mass it takes a long process. The black hole takes time to devour the interstellar material around it and also joins the other black hole to have a massive mass. For a black hole that is less than 1 billion years old,<br> its mass is only 2 billion masses of the Sun. Thus the presence of a mass black hole 12 billion years into a new puzzle for the theory of the evolution of black holes in the early era of the universe.\n\nHow can a supermassive black hole grow quickly when the universe is so young? What is the connection between this black hole monster and its surrounding environment including its galaxy?\n\nAccording to Chriss Willot of the Canadian Astronomy Data Center in Victoria,<br> some black holes start their lives not from the collapse of star gravity but from the collapse of giant super-gas clouds.\n\nFurther observation of this young black hole will be continued by prof. Xue-Bing Wu and a team using several telescopes including the Hubble Telescope.\n\n### Reference :\n\n1. http:\/\/kiaa.pku.edu.cn\/news\/2015\/luminous-distant-quasar\n2. https:\/\/www.sciencedaily.com\/releases\/2015\/02\/150225142452.htm\n3. https:\/\/sputniknews.com\/science\/201712071059797845-oldest-most-distant-supermassive-black-hole\/\n4. https:\/\/news.nationalgeographic.com\/2015\/02\/140225-black-hole-big-science-space\/\n5. https:\/\/www.insidescience.org\/news\/gargantuan-black-hole-discovered-young-universe\n6. https:\/\/motherboard.vice.com\/en_us\/article\/ae3adk\/quasars-are-quazy\n\n***\n\nhttps:\/\/steemitimages.com\/0x0\/https:\/\/i.imgur.com\/WhYkkh9.gif\n\n***\n\n# <center>BEST REGARD @whalhesa<\/center>\n\n<\/div>",<br>"json_metadata":" \"links\":[\"http:\/\/kiaa.pku.edu.cn\/news\/2015\/luminous-distant-quasar\",<br>\"https:\/\/www.sciencedaily.com\/releases\/2015\/02\/150225142452.htm\",<br>\"https:\/\/sputniknews.com\/science\/201712071059797845-oldest-most-distant-supermassive-black-hole\/\",<br>\"https:\/\/news.nationalgeographic.com\/2015\/02\/140225-black-hole-big-science-space\/\",<br>\"https:\/\/www.insidescience.org\/news\/gargantuan-black-hole-discovered-young-universe\",<br>\"https:\/\/motherboard.vice.com\/en_us\/article\/ae3adk\/quasars-are-quazy\" ,<br>\"image\":[\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/images\/467382main_dn12679-1_600.jpg\",<br>\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/images\/467382main_dn12679-1_600.jpg\",<br>\"http:\/\/wwwcdn.skyandtelescope.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/high_redshift_black_hole_luminosity.jpg\",<br>\"http:\/\/wwwcdn.skyandtelescope.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/high_redshift_black_hole_luminosity.jpg\",<br>\"http:\/\/i.dailymail.co.uk\/i\/pix\/2017\/09\/04\/15\/43E6308800000578-4850546-image-a-9_1504535967140.jpg\",<br>\"http:\/\/i.dailymail.co.uk\/i\/pix\/2017\/09\/04\/15\/43E6308800000578-4850546-image-a-9_1504535967140.jpg\",<br>\"https:\/\/steemitimages.com\/0x0\/https:\/\/i.imgur.com\/WhYkkh9.gif\" ,<br>\"users\":[\"whalhesa\" ,<br>\"tags\":[\"science\",<br>\"steemstem\",<br>\"space\",<br>\"astronomy\",<br>\"technology\" ,<br>\"app\":\"esteem\/1.5.1\",<br>\"format\":\"markdown+html\",<br>\"community\":\"esteem\" " | | comment_options | "author":"whalhesa",
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