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      "body": "Welcome to steemit Community, i'm looking forward for your post in the future, Enjoy and keep steeming!\n\nBest regards\nhttps://steemitimages.com/0x0/https://steemitimages.com/DQmYh2HbwXoZTsoszWQqySMpKki64UhXB5cpQzP9txfc2uZ/2.gif",
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      "body": "Congratulations @roadsafety! You have completed some achievement on Steemit and have been rewarded with new badge(s) :\n\n[![](https://steemitimages.com/70x80/http://steemitboard.com/notifications/firstpayout.png)](http://steemitboard.com/@roadsafety) You got your First payout\n\nClick on any badge to view your own Board of Honor on SteemitBoard.\nFor more information about SteemitBoard, click [here](https://steemit.com/@steemitboard)\n\nIf you no longer want to receive notifications, reply to this comment with the word `STOP`\n\n> By upvoting this notification, you can help all Steemit users. Learn how [here](https://steemit.com/steemitboard/@steemitboard/http-i-cubeupload-com-7ciqeo-png)!",
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      "body": "Well the abovementioned mountains and narrow roads are crucial at all levels of planning, and as such the bicycle is normally discarded. Geneva, Prague, Lisbon, San Francisco, Vancouver, and Bogota – the list goes on for cities built in a mountainous region like Tbilisi. However in these cities bicycles are getting more popular every year. Also if we compare other cities with a mountainous relief like London Manchester and Cardiff and also countries like Holland, the bicycle usage reaches upwards of 30% each day. This is because the levels of bicycle innovation allow people to cycle on all types of road.\n\nIn Georgia the use of bicycles is steadily increasing every year, not only for recreational purposes in places like Batumi, which could be a model that could be used in Tbilisi. The increasing number of permanent traffic jams, air pollution and road collisions has forced the government, businesses and local citizens to seek out an alternative means of transportation.\n\nThe bicycle has been considered as one of those. However there is no bicycle network in Tbilisi and currently only a few people use them. This is because of the lack of bicycle-friendly infrastructure, tracks and bicycle stations.\n\nThe use of the bicycle, the world-wide recognized healthiest transport is thought to be a necessary and useful at the same time. Public space and parking spaces shrinking has become a part of daily life. There is a strong argument to replace vehicles with bicycles in densely populated areas of the city. A network of cyclists is far cheaper than investing further in vehicle infrastructure. Bicycles are thought to make streets more attractive and a priority for cyclists should be recognized in the city center and older parts of the city. In research carried out in 2011 by French company “Systra” showed that most citizens used these areas every day.\n\nIn recent years the number of cyclists have increased not only for recreational purposes but also as a means of transportation.\n\nOn the last Friday of each month a cycling procession is carried out from Vake Park to Freedom Square and hundreds of amateur cyclists take part in it. The amateur cycling groups demand recognition and equality rights in traffic for both them and car-drivers. Currently there is no cycling infrastructure in Tbilisi, this includes tracks, remarks and stations. You can only find these in recreational zones and parks at the moment.\n\nThough the bicycle has become a means of transport in many cities, not only for recreation but also as a valid form of transportation to work and other destinations. There are many people who want to ride their bikes in the open and use clean means of transport, though they cannot access data-bases, maps and road routines that provide information that makes them safe and comfortable. According to Dutch experts who visited Tbilisi in 2014, it is possible to modify the Vazha-Pshavela Avenue and other avenues in the city to develop a link to the river Mtkvari that is separate from the transport network.\n\nWith the assistance of a former director and researcher from CRRC, Hans Gutbrod – who has 10 years cycling experience in Tbilisi, as part of the German International Cooperation (GIZ) framework, a first map was prepared, which mapped out the most commonly used routes and information about their complexity and any existing obstacles. Nowadays it is possible to make a ramp for the disabled across the river route’s existing stairs according to this pilot map. At crossroads special traffic lights should be installed for bicycles or new colourful markers places on existing traffic lights.\n\nInstead of an expensive infrastructure it is also possible to add special marks in the streets on the map for bicycles with a stencil or a new traffic sign. There is currently a project proposal for a 3km long bicycle track from Irish company ARUP waiting in the Tbilisi Mayor’s office. It is also possible to open one-way streets bilaterally for cyclists to prohibit car parking in certain sections and restrict vehicle speed in dense urban areas.It is important that the Tbilisi Mayor’s Office take bold steps to introduce the popularization of the bicycle as a means of transportation and take steps to develop the pilot project. Drivers should also see that the infrastructure of cyclists is a part of the transport network and that the Mayor’s Office is set to encourage the movement of the bicycle and that of pedestrians.![16507890_1876064842668926_559976866924547484_n.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmS7x42ofaCcfUPcyo4Y9Yz4doKXMszf8ujrqxEdoCYKLY/16507890_1876064842668926_559976866924547484_n.jpg)![16507890_1876064842668926_559976866924547484_n.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmS7x42ofaCcfUPcyo4Y9Yz4doKXMszf8ujrqxEdoCYKLY/16507890_1876064842668926_559976866924547484_n.jpg)",
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      "body": "Well the abovementioned mountains and narrow roads are crucial at all levels of planning, and as such the bicycle is normally discarded. Geneva, Prague, Lisbon, San Francisco, Vancouver, and Bogota – the list goes on for cities built in a mountainous region like Tbilisi. However in these cities bicycles are getting more popular every year. Also if we compare other cities with a mountainous relief like London Manchester and Cardiff and also countries like Holland, the bicycle usage reaches upwards of 30% each day. This is because the levels of bicycle innovation allow people to cycle on all types of road.\n\nIn Georgia the use of bicycles is steadily increasing every year, not only for recreational purposes in places like Batumi, which could be a model that could be used in Tbilisi. The increasing number of permanent traffic jams, air pollution and road collisions has forced the government, businesses and local citizens to seek out an alternative means of transportation.\n\nThe bicycle has been considered as one of those. However there is no bicycle network in Tbilisi and currently only a few people use them. This is because of the lack of bicycle-friendly infrastructure, tracks and bicycle stations.\n\nThe use of the bicycle, the world-wide recognized healthiest transport is thought to be a necessary and useful at the same time. Public space and parking spaces shrinking has become a part of daily life. There is a strong argument to replace vehicles with bicycles in densely populated areas of the city. A network of cyclists is far cheaper than investing further in vehicle infrastructure. Bicycles are thought to make streets more attractive and a priority for cyclists should be recognized in the city center and older parts of the city. In research carried out in 2011 by French company “Systra” showed that most citizens used these areas every day.\n\nIn recent years the number of cyclists have increased not only for recreational purposes but also as a means of transportation.\n\nOn the last Friday of each month a cycling procession is carried out from Vake Park to Freedom Square and hundreds of amateur cyclists take part in it. The amateur cycling groups demand recognition and equality rights in traffic for both them and car-drivers. Currently there is no cycling infrastructure in Tbilisi, this includes tracks, remarks and stations. You can only find these in recreational zones and parks at the moment.\n\nThough the bicycle has become a means of transport in many cities, not only for recreation but also as a valid form of transportation to work and other destinations. There are many people who want to ride their bikes in the open and use clean means of transport, though they cannot access data-bases, maps and road routines that provide information that makes them safe and comfortable. According to Dutch experts who visited Tbilisi in 2014, it is possible to modify the Vazha-Pshavela Avenue and other avenues in the city to develop a link to the river Mtkvari that is separate from the transport network.\n\nWith the assistance of a former director and researcher from CRRC, Hans Gutbrod – who has 10 years cycling experience in Tbilisi, as part of the German International Cooperation (GIZ) framework, a first map was prepared, which mapped out the most commonly used routes and information about their complexity and any existing obstacles. Nowadays it is possible to make a ramp for the disabled across the river route’s existing stairs according to this pilot map. At crossroads special traffic lights should be installed for bicycles or new colourful markers places on existing traffic lights.\n\nInstead of an expensive infrastructure it is also possible to add special marks in the streets on the map for bicycles with a stencil or a new traffic sign. There is currently a project proposal for a 3km long bicycle track from Irish company ARUP waiting in the Tbilisi Mayor’s office. It is also possible to open one-way streets bilaterally for cyclists to prohibit car parking in certain sections and restrict vehicle speed in dense urban areas.It is important that the Tbilisi Mayor’s Office take bold steps to introduce the popularization of the bicycle as a means of transportation and take steps to develop the pilot project. Drivers should also see that the infrastructure of cyclists is a part of the transport network and that the Mayor’s Office is set to encourage the movement of the bicycle and that of pedestrians.![16507890_1876064842668926_559976866924547484_n.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmS7x42ofaCcfUPcyo4Y9Yz4doKXMszf8ujrqxEdoCYKLY/16507890_1876064842668926_559976866924547484_n.jpg)![16507890_1876064842668926_559976866924547484_n.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmS7x42ofaCcfUPcyo4Y9Yz4doKXMszf8ujrqxEdoCYKLY/16507890_1876064842668926_559976866924547484_n.jpg)",
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      "title": "What prevents us from increasing the number of cyclists",
      "body": "Well the abovementioned mountains and narrow roads are crucial at all levels of planning, and as such the bicycle is normally discarded. Geneva, Prague, Lisbon, San Francisco, Vancouver, and Bogota – the list goes on for cities built in a mountainous region like Tbilisi. However in these cities bicycles are getting more popular every year. Also if we compare other cities with a mountainous relief like London Manchester and Cardiff and also countries like Holland, the bicycle usage reaches upwards of 30% each day. This is because the levels of bicycle innovation allow people to cycle on all types of road.\n\nIn Georgia the use of bicycles is steadily increasing every year, not only for recreational purposes in places like Batumi, which could be a model that could be used in Tbilisi. The increasing number of permanent traffic jams, air pollution and road collisions has forced the government, businesses and local citizens to seek out an alternative means of transportation.\n\nThe bicycle has been considered as one of those. However there is no bicycle network in Tbilisi and currently only a few people use them. This is because of the lack of bicycle-friendly infrastructure, tracks and bicycle stations.\n\nThe use of the bicycle, the world-wide recognized healthiest transport is thought to be a necessary and useful at the same time. Public space and parking spaces shrinking has become a part of daily life. There is a strong argument to replace vehicles with bicycles in densely populated areas of the city. A network of cyclists is far cheaper than investing further in vehicle infrastructure. Bicycles are thought to make streets more attractive and a priority for cyclists should be recognized in the city center and older parts of the city. In research carried out in 2011 by French company “Systra” showed that most citizens used these areas every day.\n\nIn recent years the number of cyclists have increased not only for recreational purposes but also as a means of transportation.\n\nOn the last Friday of each month a cycling procession is carried out from Vake Park to Freedom Square and hundreds of amateur cyclists take part in it. The amateur cycling groups demand recognition and equality rights in traffic for both them and car-drivers. Currently there is no cycling infrastructure in Tbilisi, this includes tracks, remarks and stations. You can only find these in recreational zones and parks at the moment.\n\nThough the bicycle has become a means of transport in many cities, not only for recreation but also as a valid form of transportation to work and other destinations. There are many people who want to ride their bikes in the open and use clean means of transport, though they cannot access data-bases, maps and road routines that provide information that makes them safe and comfortable. According to Dutch experts who visited Tbilisi in 2014, it is possible to modify the Vazha-Pshavela Avenue and other avenues in the city to develop a link to the river Mtkvari that is separate from the transport network.\n\nWith the assistance of a former director and researcher from CRRC, Hans Gutbrod – who has 10 years cycling experience in Tbilisi, as part of the German International Cooperation (GIZ) framework, a first map was prepared, which mapped out the most commonly used routes and information about their complexity and any existing obstacles. Nowadays it is possible to make a ramp for the disabled across the river route’s existing stairs according to this pilot map. At crossroads special traffic lights should be installed for bicycles or new colourful markers places on existing traffic lights.\n\nInstead of an expensive infrastructure it is also possible to add special marks in the streets on the map for bicycles with a stencil or a new traffic sign. There is currently a project proposal for a 3km long bicycle track from Irish company ARUP waiting in the Tbilisi Mayor’s office. It is also possible to open one-way streets bilaterally for cyclists to prohibit car parking in certain sections and restrict vehicle speed in dense urban areas.It is important that the Tbilisi Mayor’s Office take bold steps to introduce the popularization of the bicycle as a means of transportation and take steps to develop the pilot project. Drivers should also see that the infrastructure of cyclists is a part of the transport network and that the Mayor’s Office is set to encourage the movement of the bicycle and that of pedestrians.![16507890_1876064842668926_559976866924547484_n.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmS7x42ofaCcfUPcyo4Y9Yz4doKXMszf8ujrqxEdoCYKLY/16507890_1876064842668926_559976866924547484_n.jpg)![16507890_1876064842668926_559976866924547484_n.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmS7x42ofaCcfUPcyo4Y9Yz4doKXMszf8ujrqxEdoCYKLY/16507890_1876064842668926_559976866924547484_n.jpg)",
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      "body": "Well the abovementioned mountains and narrow roads are crucial at all levels of planning, and as such the bicycle is normally discarded. Geneva, Prague, Lisbon, San Francisco, Vancouver, and Bogota – the list goes on for cities built in a mountainous region like Tbilisi. However in these cities bicycles are getting more popular every year. Also if we compare other cities with a mountainous relief like London Manchester and Cardiff and also countries like Holland, the bicycle usage reaches upwards of 30% each day. This is because the levels of bicycle innovation allow people to cycle on all types of road.\n\nIn Georgia the use of bicycles is steadily increasing every year, not only for recreational purposes in places like Batumi, which could be a model that could be used in Tbilisi. The increasing number of permanent traffic jams, air pollution and road collisions has forced the government, businesses and local citizens to seek out an alternative means of transportation.\n\nThe bicycle has been considered as one of those. However there is no bicycle network in Tbilisi and currently only a few people use them. This is because of the lack of bicycle-friendly infrastructure, tracks and bicycle stations.\n\nThe use of the bicycle, the world-wide recognized healthiest transport is thought to be a necessary and useful at the same time. Public space and parking spaces shrinking has become a part of daily life. There is a strong argument to replace vehicles with bicycles in densely populated areas of the city. A network of cyclists is far cheaper than investing further in vehicle infrastructure. Bicycles are thought to make streets more attractive and a priority for cyclists should be recognized in the city center and older parts of the city. In research carried out in 2011 by French company “Systra” showed that most citizens used these areas every day.\n\nIn recent years the number of cyclists have increased not only for recreational purposes but also as a means of transportation.\n\nOn the last Friday of each month a cycling procession is carried out from Vake Park to Freedom Square and hundreds of amateur cyclists take part in it. The amateur cycling groups demand recognition and equality rights in traffic for both them and car-drivers. Currently there is no cycling infrastructure in Tbilisi, this includes tracks, remarks and stations. You can only find these in recreational zones and parks at the moment.\n\nThough the bicycle has become a means of transport in many cities, not only for recreation but also as a valid form of transportation to work and other destinations. There are many people who want to ride their bikes in the open and use clean means of transport, though they cannot access data-bases, maps and road routines that provide information that makes them safe and comfortable. According to Dutch experts who visited Tbilisi in 2014, it is possible to modify the Vazha-Pshavela Avenue and other avenues in the city to develop a link to the river Mtkvari that is separate from the transport network.\n\nWith the assistance of a former director and researcher from CRRC, Hans Gutbrod – who has 10 years cycling experience in Tbilisi, as part of the German International Cooperation (GIZ) framework, a first map was prepared, which mapped out the most commonly used routes and information about their complexity and any existing obstacles. Nowadays it is possible to make a ramp for the disabled across the river route’s existing stairs according to this pilot map. At crossroads special traffic lights should be installed for bicycles or new colourful markers places on existing traffic lights.\n\nInstead of an expensive infrastructure it is also possible to add special marks in the streets on the map for bicycles with a stencil or a new traffic sign. There is currently a project proposal for a 3km long bicycle track from Irish company ARUP waiting in the Tbilisi Mayor’s office. It is also possible to open one-way streets bilaterally for cyclists to prohibit car parking in certain sections and restrict vehicle speed in dense urban areas.It is important that the Tbilisi Mayor’s Office take bold steps to introduce the popularization of the bicycle as a means of transportation and take steps to develop the pilot project. Drivers should also see that the infrastructure of cyclists is a part of the transport network and that the Mayor’s Office is set to encourage the movement of the bicycle and that of pedestrians.![16507890_1876064842668926_559976866924547484_n.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmS7x42ofaCcfUPcyo4Y9Yz4doKXMszf8ujrqxEdoCYKLY/16507890_1876064842668926_559976866924547484_n.jpg)![16507890_1876064842668926_559976866924547484_n.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmS7x42ofaCcfUPcyo4Y9Yz4doKXMszf8ujrqxEdoCYKLY/16507890_1876064842668926_559976866924547484_n.jpg)",
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      "title": "Vision for a Modern European City",
      "body": "Movement from point A to B in Tbilisi is often not only uncomfortable, but dangerous for all road users because of the growing transport needs (both cars and public transport) and inadequate design of roads, traffic flow management, public transport systems, and weak enforcement. For example, the majority of citizens are using public transportation; however, smooth movement is often not always possible, especially during peak evening hours. This is due to a growing population and lack of access to public transport. Meanwhile, because there is not efficient public transportation available to support this growing population, more and more cars are sharing the roads with public transport, cars are occupying pedestrian space with illegal parking. The lack of space for all users continues to generate not only anger and annoyance amongst citizens but traffic incidences on the road. There is an also an increasing tendency for more jeep and taxi users on the roads. \nAir pollution is not only directly a result of transportation problems but often caused by inefficient urban development and urban sprawl. Many of the suburban places in Tbilisi are becoming increasingly unattractive for living or for business, so new development is almost exclusively concentrated in the central part of the city. Therefore, the people who are living outside of the central regions are increasingly commuting more often to the center. The city is becoming more congested, which combined with the weak transportation connection system, is the reason travelling from one place to another is often not only inconvenient but often unavailable. In Tbilisi 71% of air pollution is caused by car emissions. In Tbilisi air pollution on average is above the acceptable concentration of 3mg/m3 in some regions upwards to 3 and 4 times the acceptable limit. Traffic contributes to more than 200 harmful pollutants which is not only uncomfortable but causes severe health problems such as breathing difficulties, dizziness, headaches and long-term illnesses such as heart disease. The lack of efficient transportation systems is also why there are more car users on the roads and why breathing in Tbilisi is increasingly becoming dangerous.\n✅What should be done?\nThe main elements of the city transport policy should be the following: \n Strengthen the competencies, capacity and expertise of the transport department; \n Improve transportation planning to realize gains in efficiency (introduce effective parking management, development a high quality public transport); \n Develop legal policies that promote transit-oriented-development in city districts, and integrate different transport modes;\n Improve regulations of private taxi services; and promote the creation of cycling and pedestrian road systems.\n✅Empowering Tbilisi Transport Department \nPolicy Recommendations \n• Increase staffing and training for specific expertise (modelling, sustainable transport, inclusive city planning etc.) to promote sustainable urban mobility planning \n• Expand competencies and budget to include road design, pedestrian walkways, as well as oversight over transport service providers\n• Develop an integrated transport planning process for all modes under the department\nImproving city transport policy is to develop legal and structural changes in order to ensure transport and safety related issues are combined in one package. The promotion of such should reduce some of the negative harms such as traffic congestion and safety. Sometimes officials make decisions on projects based on vague and confused directions. For instance in order to solve a problem with the road infrastructure such installing a traffic light, rehabilitating a road infrastructure or to obstructing the road, winning companies of the Tbilisi’s general development competition are chosen based on a contract based on three main directions of new plan creation such as: compactness, controllable mobility and environment protection. It is worth to say that these three directions are connected with the balanced and sustainable transport development in Tbilisi and therefore it should also be necessary to create transport policies that will be integrated with the land, environment, education, health and other policies in order to protect citizen’s interest and rights. \nThe most urgent recommendation is to improve the coordination between the transport department, public works department and health department and to develop a leading role for the transport department or other departments in Tbilisi City Hall. To start to address the problems, an implementation of a road safety audit system developed based on the standards of modern cities could identify future opportunities for improvement. The study could be a prescription for improving mobility issues in the city. These issues could address for instance transport segment that are worsening traffic. In order to promote engagement with different officials, a road safety training center could also be beneficial to facilitate training for officials to foster new skills and promote interdisciplinary engagement around improved decision-making. A training course should cover topics pertaining to improving public transport such as reducing traffic congestion through developing parking regulations, utilizing bus rapid transit during peak hours and promoting transit-oriented development in central districts. The study would examine mobility issues in the city and identify the rights of different users, then develop an adoption of legislative amendments and finally develop a written transport management policy action plan coordinated amongst the different departments.\nPromoting Low-emission Public Transport\nPolicy Recommendations\n• Elaborate a Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan (SUTP) for Tbilisi \n• Revamp the public transport system (buses) through rerouting, fleet renewal, and regulate and limit the Marshutka capacity.\n• Institute “green zones” in the city that will favor public transport, walking and cycling and limit the attractiveness of operating private cars (via a reduced road space preferred signaling and lanes for busses, peak charging etc.). \n• Introduce traffic calming measures on key black spots and dangerous roads.\n• Build and rehabilitate existing infrastructure networks for cycling and walking.\nA public transport development system where buses, metro, trams, trains and other transport means will be well integrated which will promote towards improved progress. The best approach to starting towards improving the transport network is to implement pilot projects to improve the system for instance by developing a park and drive or a park and bike system, which will reduce congestion and improve road safety. In order to implement innovative pilot projects in the transportation system is by developing both integrative and alternative transportation schemes in the different districts in Tbilisi. The increase of transit spaces should also be a priority for the economic development and could also contribute towards the creation of the quick movement transit spaces. Such economic development standards could create improvements through the development of parking in new construction and promotion of large plaza spaces for pedestrians. The road network should be well planned and the road function and road categories should be defined especially in new road construction based on developed standards.\nEstablishing Effective Parking Management\nPolicy Recommendations\n• Establish a municipal parking company to regulate and to limit parking spaces across the entire city as well as secure substantial revenues for the city budget \n• Introduce restrictive parking fees and fines for illegal parking with strict enforcement.\n• Convert street parking on key areas into traffic flow lanes (like turning lanes) or into bus priority lanes or biking lanes. \n• Establish parking lots, and parking garages in congested areas of the city. \nOne of the most important problems affecting the overall system is the lack of a sufficient transport parking system. In fact, we can say that this system does not work at all. Currently Tbilisi has no regulations on parking in Tbilisi. Due to which there is lack of space along the roads for road users such as public transportation, especially for on demand alternatives such as the mini-buses, which compounds the problems of traffic congestions. When there are no spaces for a mini-bus or bus to stop, they are forced to stop in a traffic lane which creates a traffic jam. A parking study would be beneficial to identify the demands of the parking necessity on specifically the central locations in Tbilisi. A special program should be prepared, which will encourage the multi-place parking system (on the ground, under the ground, over the ground and combines ones) planning and construction should be required during especially new construction of private sector development. Besides this, it is important to inform the society about parking standards, to create and promote new demands-oriented parking system which reduces the amount of central roadway space procured by private vehicles. A city-wide parking management system should also be included in an action plan should be prepared, where different types parking policies, systems and strategy should be included in any development plan.\nCreating Transport Centers and Terminals \nPolicy Recommendations\n• Promote multi-modal connections at key interchanges.\n• Prevent through traffic by intercity transport operators (using a system of north, south city transit centers).\n• Improve accessibility of transport nodes by foot and by bicycle.\n• Improve accessibility of transport nodes for vulnerable populations.\nThe last improvement should be the change of urban development which should include a multidimensional system of development supported in the form of a polycentric urban structure. In this direction, the transport policy should contribute to the creation of the several different transport centers and hubs in Tbilisi, supported by large corridors. This reduces the centrality of Tbilisi where the majority of development is entirely in the city center, by which everyone commutes to and from. If this idea of developing the city around a series of “hub-and-spoke” centers connected by large transit connections such as bus-rapid-transit, then the city can start developing Tbilisi around the idea of transit-oriented development. If a good plan is development which is implemented through legislation, the city can avoid the current centripetal direction Tbilisi has been developing in recent years. Tbilisi City Hall does not have a decentralization policy plan. Additionally, transport planning, as one of the main elements of the city’s planning, does not exist and there is not enough human resource that will implement the daily monitoring and do transport analysis for improving the mentioned problems. Therefore, the city does not have the transport network development strategy or a citizens’ mobility plan. The perspectives of the transport network and transport means development are not even discussed by the citizens, experts or business representatives. Therefore, an innovative pilot project for the alternative transport could be proposed and this could be centered on bus-rapid-transit, which requires little infrastructure investment and a transport plan for the central regions in Tbilisi, which will be responsible for the above-motioned tasks.\n![pedestrians 89.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmNg6yc8B46ujv9WZpSMGFEz1wnmoYh1pXGS5Z4cLvYKiJ/pedestrians%2089.jpg)",
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      "body": "Movement from point A to B in Tbilisi is often not only uncomfortable, but dangerous for all road users because of the growing transport needs (both cars and public transport) and inadequate design of roads, traffic flow management, public transport systems, and weak enforcement. For example, the majority of citizens are using public transportation; however, smooth movement is often not always possible, especially during peak evening hours. This is due to a growing population and lack of access to public transport. Meanwhile, because there is not efficient public transportation available to support this growing population, more and more cars are sharing the roads with public transport, cars are occupying pedestrian space with illegal parking. The lack of space for all users continues to generate not only anger and annoyance amongst citizens but traffic incidences on the road. There is an also an increasing tendency for more jeep and taxi users on the roads. \nAir pollution is not only directly a result of transportation problems but often caused by inefficient urban development and urban sprawl. Many of the suburban places in Tbilisi are becoming increasingly unattractive for living or for business, so new development is almost exclusively concentrated in the central part of the city. Therefore, the people who are living outside of the central regions are increasingly commuting more often to the center. The city is becoming more congested, which combined with the weak transportation connection system, is the reason travelling from one place to another is often not only inconvenient but often unavailable. In Tbilisi 71% of air pollution is caused by car emissions. In Tbilisi air pollution on average is above the acceptable concentration of 3mg/m3 in some regions upwards to 3 and 4 times the acceptable limit. Traffic contributes to more than 200 harmful pollutants which is not only uncomfortable but causes severe health problems such as breathing difficulties, dizziness, headaches and long-term illnesses such as heart disease. The lack of efficient transportation systems is also why there are more car users on the roads and why breathing in Tbilisi is increasingly becoming dangerous.\n✅What should be done?\nThe main elements of the city transport policy should be the following: \n Strengthen the competencies, capacity and expertise of the transport department; \n Improve transportation planning to realize gains in efficiency (introduce effective parking management, development a high quality public transport); \n Develop legal policies that promote transit-oriented-development in city districts, and integrate different transport modes;\n Improve regulations of private taxi services; and promote the creation of cycling and pedestrian road systems.\n✅Empowering Tbilisi Transport Department \nPolicy Recommendations \n• Increase staffing and training for specific expertise (modelling, sustainable transport, inclusive city planning etc.) to promote sustainable urban mobility planning \n• Expand competencies and budget to include road design, pedestrian walkways, as well as oversight over transport service providers\n• Develop an integrated transport planning process for all modes under the department\nImproving city transport policy is to develop legal and structural changes in order to ensure transport and safety related issues are combined in one package. The promotion of such should reduce some of the negative harms such as traffic congestion and safety. Sometimes officials make decisions on projects based on vague and confused directions. For instance in order to solve a problem with the road infrastructure such installing a traffic light, rehabilitating a road infrastructure or to obstructing the road, winning companies of the Tbilisi’s general development competition are chosen based on a contract based on three main directions of new plan creation such as: compactness, controllable mobility and environment protection. It is worth to say that these three directions are connected with the balanced and sustainable transport development in Tbilisi and therefore it should also be necessary to create transport policies that will be integrated with the land, environment, education, health and other policies in order to protect citizen’s interest and rights. \nThe most urgent recommendation is to improve the coordination between the transport department, public works department and health department and to develop a leading role for the transport department or other departments in Tbilisi City Hall. To start to address the problems, an implementation of a road safety audit system developed based on the standards of modern cities could identify future opportunities for improvement. The study could be a prescription for improving mobility issues in the city. These issues could address for instance transport segment that are worsening traffic. In order to promote engagement with different officials, a road safety training center could also be beneficial to facilitate training for officials to foster new skills and promote interdisciplinary engagement around improved decision-making. A training course should cover topics pertaining to improving public transport such as reducing traffic congestion through developing parking regulations, utilizing bus rapid transit during peak hours and promoting transit-oriented development in central districts. The study would examine mobility issues in the city and identify the rights of different users, then develop an adoption of legislative amendments and finally develop a written transport management policy action plan coordinated amongst the different departments.\nPromoting Low-emission Public Transport\nPolicy Recommendations\n• Elaborate a Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan (SUTP) for Tbilisi \n• Revamp the public transport system (buses) through rerouting, fleet renewal, and regulate and limit the Marshutka capacity.\n• Institute “green zones” in the city that will favor public transport, walking and cycling and limit the attractiveness of operating private cars (via a reduced road space preferred signaling and lanes for busses, peak charging etc.). \n• Introduce traffic calming measures on key black spots and dangerous roads.\n• Build and rehabilitate existing infrastructure networks for cycling and walking.\nA public transport development system where buses, metro, trams, trains and other transport means will be well integrated which will promote towards improved progress. The best approach to starting towards improving the transport network is to implement pilot projects to improve the system for instance by developing a park and drive or a park and bike system, which will reduce congestion and improve road safety. In order to implement innovative pilot projects in the transportation system is by developing both integrative and alternative transportation schemes in the different districts in Tbilisi. The increase of transit spaces should also be a priority for the economic development and could also contribute towards the creation of the quick movement transit spaces. Such economic development standards could create improvements through the development of parking in new construction and promotion of large plaza spaces for pedestrians. The road network should be well planned and the road function and road categories should be defined especially in new road construction based on developed standards.\nEstablishing Effective Parking Management\nPolicy Recommendations\n• Establish a municipal parking company to regulate and to limit parking spaces across the entire city as well as secure substantial revenues for the city budget \n• Introduce restrictive parking fees and fines for illegal parking with strict enforcement.\n• Convert street parking on key areas into traffic flow lanes (like turning lanes) or into bus priority lanes or biking lanes. \n• Establish parking lots, and parking garages in congested areas of the city. \nOne of the most important problems affecting the overall system is the lack of a sufficient transport parking system. In fact, we can say that this system does not work at all. Currently Tbilisi has no regulations on parking in Tbilisi. Due to which there is lack of space along the roads for road users such as public transportation, especially for on demand alternatives such as the mini-buses, which compounds the problems of traffic congestions. When there are no spaces for a mini-bus or bus to stop, they are forced to stop in a traffic lane which creates a traffic jam. A parking study would be beneficial to identify the demands of the parking necessity on specifically the central locations in Tbilisi. A special program should be prepared, which will encourage the multi-place parking system (on the ground, under the ground, over the ground and combines ones) planning and construction should be required during especially new construction of private sector development. Besides this, it is important to inform the society about parking standards, to create and promote new demands-oriented parking system which reduces the amount of central roadway space procured by private vehicles. A city-wide parking management system should also be included in an action plan should be prepared, where different types parking policies, systems and strategy should be included in any development plan.\nCreating Transport Centers and Terminals \nPolicy Recommendations\n• Promote multi-modal connections at key interchanges.\n• Prevent through traffic by intercity transport operators (using a system of north, south city transit centers).\n• Improve accessibility of transport nodes by foot and by bicycle.\n• Improve accessibility of transport nodes for vulnerable populations.\nThe last improvement should be the change of urban development which should include a multidimensional system of development supported in the form of a polycentric urban structure. In this direction, the transport policy should contribute to the creation of the several different transport centers and hubs in Tbilisi, supported by large corridors. This reduces the centrality of Tbilisi where the majority of development is entirely in the city center, by which everyone commutes to and from. If this idea of developing the city around a series of “hub-and-spoke” centers connected by large transit connections such as bus-rapid-transit, then the city can start developing Tbilisi around the idea of transit-oriented development. If a good plan is development which is implemented through legislation, the city can avoid the current centripetal direction Tbilisi has been developing in recent years. Tbilisi City Hall does not have a decentralization policy plan. Additionally, transport planning, as one of the main elements of the city’s planning, does not exist and there is not enough human resource that will implement the daily monitoring and do transport analysis for improving the mentioned problems. Therefore, the city does not have the transport network development strategy or a citizens’ mobility plan. The perspectives of the transport network and transport means development are not even discussed by the citizens, experts or business representatives. Therefore, an innovative pilot project for the alternative transport could be proposed and this could be centered on bus-rapid-transit, which requires little infrastructure investment and a transport plan for the central regions in Tbilisi, which will be responsible for the above-motioned tasks.\n![pedestrians 89.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmNg6yc8B46ujv9WZpSMGFEz1wnmoYh1pXGS5Z4cLvYKiJ/pedestrians%2089.jpg)",
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      "body": "This STEEMIT platform is in its infancy so hope everything will work out right for you for all of us. This is NOT easy but if done right and professionally you will be rewarded alright. Here a post of mine. Please refer to it and let me know some comment if you like.\n\nhttps://steemit.com/china/@indepthstory/this-is-how-china-slowly-but-surely-is-gobbling-up-africa\n\nIf you find it interesting, click on the UPVOTE and then on the FOLLOW link so let’s keep in touch. \n\nC’ya around,\n\n@indepthstory",
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      "body": "Congratulations @roadsafety! You have completed some achievement on Steemit and have been rewarded with new badge(s) :\n\n[![](https://steemitimages.com/70x80/http://steemitboard.com/notifications/voted.png)](http://steemitboard.com/@roadsafety) Award for the number of upvotes received\n\nClick on any badge to view your own Board of Honor on SteemitBoard.\nFor more information about SteemitBoard, click [here](https://steemit.com/@steemitboard)\n\nIf you no longer want to receive notifications, reply to this comment with the word `STOP`\n\n> By upvoting this notification, you can help all Steemit users. Learn how [here](https://steemit.com/steemitboard/@steemitboard/http-i-cubeupload-com-7ciqeo-png)!",
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      "permlink": "lost-space-and-millions",
      "title": "Parking in Tbilisi: Not a Lost Cause",
      "body": "The morning for most of our citizens begins with the thought of where to park a car. Part of them can find the space, the other one is forced to break the law and waits calmly for 10 GEL fine on their windscreen of their cars. Due to poor public transport service, recently the number of private cars is getting increased. In February 2015 Tbilisi authorities made a decision to abolish the parking on 210 pavements /sidewalks/ on the base of reports of anxious pedestrians about the pavement appropriation and evacuation of cars by City Park. \n\nOn the meeting where the discussion had been held about the abolishment of 2012 parking places was said that on the pavements which width is less than 3 meters, auto-car parking would be prohibited and tender would be announced to attract the investor companies, which would construct the multistory parking spaces in underground and on above-ground places. Two years have passed since this statement though parking system in Tbilisi has become a constant problem and all the efforts to change it looks like walking over bewitched circle / turning as a squirrel in a wheel/ from where nobody believes to come out with. \n\nIn the city where the number of cars exceeds over 400 000 the parking places is available only for 10 %, for others it is can be available by being the first to come and park; but it depends on the will of a man directing a car-parking system /unauthorized parking regulator-so called stainchik/. In August 2015, during the official visit of Mayer David Narmania in Israel, Tbilisi City Hall issued a statement made by Mayer, where he admitted the damages done to the city by the company to be reimbursed and the contract with “City Park” should be revised. Mayer’s office offered “City Park” to make some amendments- one of the paragraphs regards to share budget revenues equally from parking system and alter a rule regarding a car evacuation.  \n\nRecently talks among authorities, experts and society go about a one-sided treaty with “City Park” that to be annul, it will cost about 20-25 millions of GEL. In case to annul the treaty with “City Park” and establish effective Parking Service, Tbilisi City Hall can freely perform offered liabilities according to a treaty, as Sum received in the form of a single payment is 20 millions GEL. if not considering the possibility of introduction additional revenue. Today in the terms of existing parking system Tbilisi is losing millions of GEL that could be spend in road and parking infrastructure arrangement as it does happen in Batumi and Kutaisi.\n\n One of the biggest disadvantages of Tbilisi Parking system is that any car is offered to park anywhere without limit, even in the most overloaded and narrow streets. A car owner can park a car anywhere in parking place in Tbilisi limitless. The abovementioned fact causes wasting the misery resource of city road and leads to an inefficient use. It should be noted, that cost of road maintenance we –citizens do pay in form of taxes to the budget and consequently the free parking system does not exist; it is financed even by those citizens who do not possess a car. Such system is a source of conflicts between car-drivers and local residents, traffic jams in the central part of the city and the air quality deterioration as well.  The first step that should be done immediately is to create different parking zones in Tbilisi. \n\nIn those places where employees, business offices, educational centers have high concentration place, all the cities try to operate different kinds of parking system, that foresees making an hourly-taxing system on the parking places and flow of private cars will be restricted in certain period of time. In different parts of Tbilisi where various kinds of managing and taxing rules are to be made, parking zones should be created. Fixed parking fee is determinant, while a driver is making a choice where to park. \n\nHence, on those streets where parking demand exceeds 60%, hourly taxing system is required. If it does exceed over 90 % then a higher fee should be fixed. An excellent example of it is Sofia, Warsaw, where after having done the reorganization of parking rules and creating an infrastructure, installed a Parking meter reduces traffic jams with 30 % and improved traffic movement.  It is necessary to set a higher rate of fee for parking a car on an utterly demanded place, in the streets or during a rush hour, than in the multi-storey parking space. \n\nLocal inhabitants, drivers did look on this initiative skeptically, though within a short period of time a new space is to appear in the city streets, parking is to become very comfortable and the facts related to sidewalks appropriation is to suspend. Creation of a parking system based upon a high demand will give extra incomes the city that can be put into public transport development and streets arrangement. With the calculation of international experts- arrangement of 1 km paid parking revenues will give an opportunity to make sidewalks for pedestrians on the mentioned territory and cover the expenses of several bus services.\n\n The transparency of reform process in the mentioned city, spreading news on time and considering the interest of local citizens has made the process less painful. It is necessary to create new parking infrastructure along with parking zones and to introduce “park and ride” system in Tbilisi. Though a multi-storey over-ground and underground parking spaces in a central part of the city requires survey, as it might become a source of a new traffic flow in this part of Tbilisi. \n\nIt is very important that parking policy to endorse development of pedestrian, cycling and public transport infrastructure and reduces the demand on private cars. The parking policy will be more effective when it takes care for the regulation of new flow of cars in a central and old part of the city. One of these interesting systems is “Park and Ride” system – which means that drivers riding on the overload streets from different parts of the city can leave their cars in specially arranged parking places. They leave their cars near transit terminals, metros, auto-stations and keep on riding by public means of transport. This system works pretty successfully in many cities, where parking fee includes bus riding fee.\n\n The main point is frequent and precise schedule of transport- like buses, metro to cover the large part of the city and to serve the passengers very comfortably. Perhaps Tbilisi City hall- (Mayor) will carry out a pilot project and part of the new buses are to use for piloting. Today it is evident for everyone that without introducing parking infrastructure, new rules and modern regulatory legislation, it will be impossible to move ( ride) in Tbilisi as well for citizens riding on buses as for pedestrians to walk safely and to keep the walking space.\n\n![4.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmfEdhB6N9fVoihGUHT14WveHD5o31SXhiHo6dhMbfct9y/4.jpg)",
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      "title": "Lost mobility",
      "body": "@@ -537,16 +537,18 @@\n y Park. \n+%0A%0A\n On the m\n@@ -1158,16 +1158,18 @@\n t with. \n+%0A%0A\n In the c\n@@ -1907,16 +1907,18 @@\n ation.  \n+%0A%0A\n Recently\n@@ -2560,16 +2560,18 @@\n Kutaisi.\n+%0A%0A\n  One of \n@@ -3394,16 +3394,18 @@\n bilisi. \n+%0A%0A\n In those\n@@ -3912,16 +3912,18 @@\n o park. \n+%0A%0A\n Hence, o\n@@ -4465,16 +4465,18 @@\n  space. \n+%0A%0A\n Local in\n@@ -5100,24 +5100,26 @@\n us services.\n+%0A%0A\n  The transpa\n@@ -5587,16 +5587,18 @@\n bilisi. \n+%0A%0A\n It is ve\n@@ -6313,16 +6313,18 @@\n ing fee.\n+%0A%0A\n  The mai\n@@ -6872,16 +6872,18 @@\n g space.\n+%0A%0A\n !%5B4.jpg%5D\n",
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      "title": "‘The 1% Story’ – Seatbelts in Georgia",
      "body": "I would like to share my story with you about how I got into road safety and the changing landscape of Georgian road safety today. I want to share you a journey of advocacy, of making societal change and making people’s lives safer and better – and I hope to inspire you to do the same in your own lives.\n\nI want to take you back to 10 years ago – to 2016, and tell you my personal tale – my 1% story.\n\nIn 2006, only 1% of Georgian drivers used seatbelts when they were driving as it wasn’t obligatory to wear it. The foundation I’ve established with my friends – a group of road safety activists – started a campaign, promoting seat belt usage and advocating for a change in the law. In the beginning, there were large obstacles as for citizens and decision makers, it was seen as an ‘unreachable goal’ or a utopia to change the law and oblige Georgian drivers to wear their seatbelts.\n\nThere were many stereotypes against seatbelt usage in Georgian society...\n\n1)\tSeatbelts don’t have to be used for short distances\n2)\tExperienced drivers don’t have to use seatbelts\n3)\tDrivers can control the situation\n4)\tIt is ‘dangerous’ to be “tied” in the car during a car crash\n5)\tYou don’t need a seatbelt for low speed driving in the city\n6)\tIn the rear seat, passengers are safe without seatbelts\n7)\tAirbags will save us and protect us\n8)\tSeatbelt restricts our personal freedoms\n\nAnd finally, the most difficult argument of all – It is not Georgian to wear a seatbelt.\n\nHowever, after a constant campaign for 5 years where we adopted a holistic approach with educational trainings, coalition building, identifying road safety champions within the government, business, media and the community, in 2010 the new seatbelt law was adopted and using seatbelts in the front seat became mandatory.\n\nAfter 5 years of adoption, many people’s lives were saved, as ratified by the official statistical data and traffic police. What is most important however, is that we have a new tradition – it is Georgian to wear a seatbelt, and now we have greater than 90% wearing rate. \n\nThis campaign spearheaded by us is a good example of how partnership between government, businesses, NGOs, media, and community can lead to positive changes for the good of society. During the campaign, we found that EDUCATION is the key to engage citizens and governments in such societal changes. We found that you need champions in Parliament, Business, Government and the local community to help you. To this end, I would like to thank the TBC Bank, Georgian Hospitals, insurance companies, Parliament members, and government offices – these institutions which have inspired other companies with their words and actions and spearheaded a regulation that obliged drivers to buckle up.\n\nThe ‘Wear Seat Belts’ campaign demonstrated the importance of working through partnerships and bringing relevant partners together to address risk factors influencing road and transport safety using globally recognized best practices. It was a great journey, clarifying for us the roles of the government: not just to create laws, but also to generate and support multi-sector partnerships, where members are leading developmental agencies, governments businesses and civil society organizations. Everyone has to be engaged in making change for their world, to make it a better place to live, breathe and be happy. \n\nWhat do you want to see in the world?\n![seatbelt.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmf32GescGUSuFZbawErcFCKkQM17wN13nRNKSvCDfeXCH/seatbelt.jpg)",
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      "body": "hello~  roadsafety, Follow & Upvote is a You and I great strength~",
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      "body": "Welcome Gela, I am one of the small cogs in a bus company in Australia. I will follow you.",
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      "body": "Hello Gela, welcome to Steemit family and our ever-growing platform. You have made a great decision by joining us and helping us to create decentralized entity that will change the way social media and other business models work in the future. I would like to help you out in your early days by using my steem power to upvote your first few posts. Simply follow my account and tag me by @czechglobalhosts in your posts and I will make sure to read your post and upvote you! Good luck and steem on! Tomas",
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      "body": "Sorry, I can not speak english, I reply in indonesia Brother / Sister.\nWelcome And Happy Starting Your Job @road ...\nLet us together Achieve that success.\nI am very happy when many #steemit lovers - #eSteem welcome me warmly here.\nI'm new and still need to learn a lot from seniors like you.\nOnce again I thank you.\nChoose your Witness Like @good-karma.\nFollow Me @jordanjor, thank you",
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      "permlink": "re-greetings-steemit-i-m-a-sustainable-transport-expert-and-i-ve-just-joined-20170727t102440",
      "title": "Welcome roadsafety!",
      "body": "\n**Welcome to Steemit @roadsafety :)**\n\n![Welcome Bot Banner](http://i.imgur.com/C3Gs3IS.png)\n\n[Make sure to participate in this weeks giveaway to get known in the community!](https://steemit.com/welcome/@reggaemuffin/welcome-giveaway-write-your-first-post-and-win-a-whale-vote-week-7)\n\nHere are some helpful tips to get you started: \n* [Complete Guide To What is Steem(it)](https://steemit.com/help/@reggaemuffin/complete-guide-to-what-is-steem-it)\n* [SteemPact – Do something good with one vote](https://steemit.com/steempact/@steempact/join-steempact-empowering-change-together-week-1)\n* [Get early support by tho Minnow Support Project on Discord](https://discord.gg/HYj4yvw)\n\n---\n\n[@reggaemuffin, the creator of this bot is a witness. See what a witness is and consider voting for the ones you feel are good for steem.](https://steemit.com/witness-category/@reggaemuffin/witness-reggaemuffin)\n\n",
      "json_metadata": "{\"app\": \"pysteem/0.5.4\"}"
    }
  ]
}