{
  "block": 106149159,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "perpetualroot",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "7114.030610 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2026-05-18T05:02:03",
  "trx_id": "c251b34cccca6becd03284f0f6881eb5f74fb84a",
  "trx_in_block": 2,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 105998952,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "perpetualroot",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "4401.820205 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2026-05-12T23:15:03",
  "trx_id": "1768bcc4d94a1c4a5a2aebc45389edfa0ef53693",
  "trx_in_block": 1,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 105516678,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "perpetualroot",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "7126.546366 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2026-04-26T04:15:39",
  "trx_id": "e59bd6803561c8bf77c08d7603f73ffcda6da1a7",
  "trx_in_block": 0,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 102867207,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "perpetualroot",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "4443.367024 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2026-01-23T20:39:09",
  "trx_id": "9b51041f60a93fe83b366e0016332206c0d06b9d",
  "trx_in_block": 3,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 91313438,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "perpetualroot",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "4607.586221 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2024-12-17T15:50:06",
  "trx_id": "100d064c5ddd0d40c7027bb51e8a55019a163e53",
  "trx_in_block": 3,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 79867595,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "perpetualroot",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "4776.719753 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2023-11-14T07:31:18",
  "trx_id": "95eb3cc1e491c2933235af20ea1fcf1c206500a7",
  "trx_in_block": 8,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 78361084,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "perpetualroot",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "7713.628539 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2023-09-22T08:54:06",
  "trx_id": "d16ddbf71087d6b5cb55bfb04c91d4d273e3bdee",
  "trx_in_block": 6,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 69119061,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "perpetualroot",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "7935.679977 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2022-11-03T16:33:30",
  "trx_id": "7f8f2449d5481baa13b48048c2c62e91e3ce2113",
  "trx_in_block": 0,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 60822459,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "perpetualroot",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "8155.787578 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2022-01-17T21:53:06",
  "trx_id": "47131b0c9fb60a1334458c967230ae6d2fe85e55",
  "trx_in_block": 16,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 54612853,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "perpetualroot",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "8339.981866 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2021-06-14T05:07:12",
  "trx_id": "77a279e1840b05f9ef1c06dfd2aac93d3c675e79",
  "trx_in_block": 1,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 49360153,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "perpetualroot",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "8527.403840 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2020-12-11T15:20:30",
  "trx_id": "a9da78997e6bf0607f4fa5607f4afc9a03e89726",
  "trx_in_block": 1,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 49211684,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "perpetualroot",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "1912.543513 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2020-12-06T08:56:42",
  "trx_id": "b31b12bf6a95d45c7aff0170bc742c565eb20666",
  "trx_in_block": 3,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 49195234,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "perpetualroot",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "8533.611694 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2020-12-05T18:58:18",
  "trx_id": "617204724e9c374b10b748463552df820fdb9fb2",
  "trx_in_block": 8,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 48268096,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "perpetualroot",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "1920.017158 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2020-11-03T00:22:57",
  "trx_id": "88a7e8c6c444a15237f8b44115039bf8f0221cfd",
  "trx_in_block": 3,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 43221997,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "perpetualroot",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "8736.417053 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2020-05-09T09:58:24",
  "trx_id": "cde8254f98e6f837dcb8aa15bde6a5214eeab02f",
  "trx_in_block": 2,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 43198842,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "perpetualroot",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "1953.311140 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2020-05-08T14:12:48",
  "trx_id": "aabd1d750c4ae068d72bfbed6c3ac6be8d64d273",
  "trx_in_block": 19,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 42568318,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "perpetualroot",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "8749.304501 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2020-04-16T02:34:39",
  "trx_id": "c66bd4471fba2226b76d794164b99c3c979c8846",
  "trx_in_block": 9,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 36762878,
  "op": [
    "comment",
    {
      "author": "steemitboard",
      "body": "Congratulations @perpetualroot! You received a personal award!\n\n<table><tr><td>https://steemitimages.com/70x70/http://steemitboard.com/@perpetualroot/birthday2.png</td><td>Happy Birthday! - You are on the Steem blockchain for 2 years!</td></tr></table>\n\n<sub>_You can view [your badges on your Steem Board](https://steemitboard.com/@perpetualroot) and compare to others on the [Steem Ranking](https://steemitboard.com/ranking/index.php?name=perpetualroot)_</sub>\n\n\n**Do not miss the last post from @steemitboard:**\n<table><tr><td><a href=\"https://steemit.com/steemfest/@steemitboard/steemitboard-supports-the-steemfest-travel-reimbursement-fund\"><img src=\"https://steemitimages.com/64x128/https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmXDHs9xfx8ZZ3DESFUqHRUQAcQT5kUWobArsRoJg2Yz1F/image.png\"></a></td><td><a href=\"https://steemit.com/steemfest/@steemitboard/steemitboard-supports-the-steemfest-travel-reimbursement-fund\">SteemitBoard supports the SteemFest⁴ Travel Reimbursement Fund.</a></td></tr></table>\n\n###### [Vote for @Steemitboard as a witness](https://v2.steemconnect.com/sign/account-witness-vote?witness=steemitboard&approve=1) to get one more award and increased upvotes!",
      "json_metadata": "{\"image\":[\"https://steemitboard.com/img/notify.png\"]}",
      "parent_author": "perpetualroot",
      "parent_permlink": "herbalife-the-biggest-ongoing-fraud",
      "permlink": "steemitboard-notify-perpetualroot-20190926t154018000z",
      "title": ""
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2019-09-26T15:40:18",
  "trx_id": "990d9b31b3e09f23b66acef76a1e23ad1938db77",
  "trx_in_block": 14,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 32851236,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "perpetualroot",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "8944.921314 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2019-05-12T19:41:45",
  "trx_id": "12933297d743742d8d17465bec96907275fbf46c",
  "trx_in_block": 6,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 22493873,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "perpetualroot",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "9144.532182 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2018-05-16T23:38:36",
  "trx_id": "32e607c970b1b9b94ed8c6a1759983f0cd4a4529",
  "trx_in_block": 12,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 20092580,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "perpetualroot",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "29626.494713 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2018-02-22T12:27:36",
  "trx_id": "6f6c4fb1df7f7b23ef9403eb5ac978681e787aee",
  "trx_in_block": 10,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 19229534,
  "op": [
    "transfer",
    {
      "amount": "0.001 STEEM",
      "from": "money-dreamer",
      "memo": "Gift!",
      "to": "perpetualroot"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2018-01-23T12:29:36",
  "trx_id": "b34dd6f5435a8d7c030f4e94771560ddd38206b0",
  "trx_in_block": 28,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 17536437,
  "op": [
    "custom_json",
    {
      "id": "follow",
      "json": "[\"follow\",{\"follower\":\"perpetualroot\",\"following\":\"giulio.caggiano\",\"what\":[\"blog\"]}]",
      "required_auths": [],
      "required_posting_auths": [
        "perpetualroot"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-11-25T16:40:54",
  "trx_id": "ffa6018d853256e78e4097693320526ad86fa448",
  "trx_in_block": 12,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 17482618,
  "op": [
    "vote",
    {
      "author": "perpetualroot",
      "permlink": "alone-on-the-boats-why-so-many-migrant-children-arrive-alone-to-the-italian-shores",
      "voter": "giulio.caggiano",
      "weight": 10000
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-11-23T19:49:33",
  "trx_id": "29a39f411ac58a290ce8d6226a8fbfd0037e6988",
  "trx_in_block": 27,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 17482617,
  "op": [
    "vote",
    {
      "author": "perpetualroot",
      "permlink": "alone-on-the-boats-chapter-1-who-are-the-migrant-children-arriving-in-italy-alone",
      "voter": "giulio.caggiano",
      "weight": 10000
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-11-23T19:49:30",
  "trx_id": "3d8440429518e3c1aab6c0d8bc940fcded5eff3c",
  "trx_in_block": 63,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 17482615,
  "op": [
    "vote",
    {
      "author": "perpetualroot",
      "permlink": "alone-on-the-boats-chapter-2-where-do-the-migrant-children-come-from",
      "voter": "giulio.caggiano",
      "weight": 10000
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-11-23T19:49:24",
  "trx_id": "7c58544d811a4d3eb349f0b25348b0404f760653",
  "trx_in_block": 15,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 17482614,
  "op": [
    "vote",
    {
      "author": "perpetualroot",
      "permlink": "a-look-at-feminism-through-the-eyes-of-a-handmaid-the-handmaid-s-tale",
      "voter": "giulio.caggiano",
      "weight": 10000
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-11-23T19:49:21",
  "trx_id": "6803c8cbcffff7668b80875b7255170c58efa1d5",
  "trx_in_block": 16,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 17482613,
  "op": [
    "vote",
    {
      "author": "perpetualroot",
      "permlink": "herbalife-the-biggest-ongoing-fraud",
      "voter": "giulio.caggiano",
      "weight": 10000
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-11-23T19:49:18",
  "trx_id": "8668e893710e0b6de551199a0f1644c68fef9779",
  "trx_in_block": 17,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 17482603,
  "op": [
    "vote",
    {
      "author": "perpetualroot",
      "permlink": "the-social-issues-page-steemits-were-waiting-for-to-foster-change-together-on-step-at-the-time",
      "voter": "giulio.caggiano",
      "weight": 10000
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-11-23T19:48:48",
  "trx_id": "a1db93377a43e5cfcc9fb78ebd50f4785aec2267",
  "trx_in_block": 32,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 16496652,
  "op": [
    "comment",
    {
      "author": "gaman",
      "body": "Resteemed your article.  This article was resteemed because you are part of the New Steemians project. You can learn more about it here: https://steemit.com/introduceyourself/@gaman/new-steemians-project-launch",
      "json_metadata": "{\"app\": \"pysteem/0.5.4\"}",
      "parent_author": "perpetualroot",
      "parent_permlink": "herbalife-the-biggest-ongoing-fraud",
      "permlink": "herbalife-the-biggest-ongoing-fraud-gaman-10202017",
      "title": " "
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-10-20T13:46:33",
  "trx_id": "805aa87737255bc08381661176584a1881daa105",
  "trx_in_block": 3,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 16468421,
  "op": [
    "comment",
    {
      "author": "perpetualroot",
      "body": "@@ -1,12 +1,110 @@\n+!%5Bcover.png%5D(https://steemitimages.com/DQmWQWL8KVvTLGnTFnMFg8QfmtTpCs8qDU2Wu3uS48fZVfg/cover.png)%0A\n THE COMPANY%0A\n",
      "json_metadata": "{\"tags\":[\"herbalife\",\"fraud\",\"scandal\",\"bettingonzeros\",\"thebillionbet\"],\"image\":[\"https://steemitimages.com/DQmWQWL8KVvTLGnTFnMFg8QfmtTpCs8qDU2Wu3uS48fZVfg/cover.png\",\"https://img.youtube.com/vi/b8R7dQVDMTY/0.jpg\",\"https://steemitimages.com/DQmQECVLjT51cFUnuStSqMQPWisiLGhdDxR5YAiop9ehG4b/image%201.png\",\"https://steemitimages.com/DQmZuMAynCyVWUFyF1J4CGwWJKadFhVMBAXuYpQo16yhQtN/image%202.png\",\"https://img.youtube.com/vi/KX32XBgzXQ0/0.jpg\",\"https://steemitimages.com/DQmPYRfDKe2rmo9VK7mncuxvjQ89zJwh8SUxismvztiEmnz/image%203.png\",\"https://img.youtube.com/vi/L366GHmTanM/0.jpg\",\"https://img.youtube.com/vi/ttWG9fHX3Gg/0.jpg\",\"https://img.youtube.com/vi/VVUUbEw_Pm8/0.jpg\",\"https://img.youtube.com/vi/K9RBLMR9hUQ/0.jpg\"],\"links\":[\"https://youtu.be/b8R7dQVDMTY\",\"https://youtu.be/KX32XBgzXQ0\",\"https://youtu.be/L366GHmTanM\",\"https://youtu.be/ttWG9fHX3Gg\",\"https://youtu.be/VVUUbEw_Pm8\",\"https://youtu.be/K9RBLMR9hUQ\"],\"app\":\"steemit/0.1\",\"format\":\"markdown\"}",
      "parent_author": "",
      "parent_permlink": "herbalife",
      "permlink": "herbalife-the-biggest-ongoing-fraud",
      "title": "HERBALIFE: the biggest ongoing fraud?"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-10-19T14:14:09",
  "trx_id": "5cfa3797933d9d29f366315b60136aebe2daa686",
  "trx_in_block": 32,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 16468406,
  "op": [
    "comment",
    {
      "author": "cheetah",
      "body": "Hi! I am a robot. I just upvoted you! I found similar content that readers might be interested in:\nhttps://perpetualroot.wordpress.com/2017/10/17/herbalife-a-pyramid-scheme/",
      "json_metadata": "",
      "parent_author": "perpetualroot",
      "parent_permlink": "herbalife-the-biggest-ongoing-fraud",
      "permlink": "cheetah-re-perpetualrootherbalife-the-biggest-ongoing-fraud",
      "title": ""
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-10-19T14:13:24",
  "trx_id": "289ceab7ca9d1723ef4f1b770f736223777020bc",
  "trx_in_block": 15,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 16468404,
  "op": [
    "vote",
    {
      "author": "perpetualroot",
      "permlink": "herbalife-the-biggest-ongoing-fraud",
      "voter": "cheetah",
      "weight": 50
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-10-19T14:13:18",
  "trx_id": "3993534cc82beed5434ad6e9f2bca85013126803",
  "trx_in_block": 25,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 16468398,
  "op": [
    "comment",
    {
      "author": "perpetualroot",
      "body": "THE COMPANY\n\nHerbalife is a nutrition company, present in over 90 countries, which aims to help “people pursue healthy, active lives”. The company was founded in 1980 by Mark Hughes, who began by selling weight management products from the trunk of his car. His vision was to change the nutritional habits of the world, for the better. In 1986, Herbalife had its first IPO on the NASDAQ exchange market. Only ten years later, the company reached 1 billion USD in annual sales. In 2002, J.H. Whitney & Company and Golden Gate Capital acquired Herbalife for 685 million USD and the following year Michael O. Johnson became its new CEO. When he stepped in, the company was in trouble for allegations on the part of the Canadian government and its financial performance was declining.\n\nJohnson, previously employed at Walt Disney Company for 17 years, represented the perfect embodiment of Herbalife’s vision: athletic, bold, and arrogant. As a CEO, he had a huge impact on the company, by shifting its focus from weight-loss to encompassing nutrition and fitness too. Johnson also brought product manufacturing in-house, set up quality controls, and expanded the product offerings. Thanks to him, the “Herbalife fever” begun. Johnson recruited famous athletes, like Cristiano Ronaldo, as spokespersons, sponsored events such as the Special Olympics World Games and introduced the annual President Summit, the Herbalife Honor event and the Herbalife Extravaganza, a massive celebration which, in 2015, took place across 17 countries and was attended by 158,000 members. Johnson stepped down as CEO in June 2017, replaced by his longtime lieutenant Richard P. Goudis, but he is still part of the company as an executive chairman.\n \nhttps://youtu.be/b8R7dQVDMTY\n\nHerbalife manufactures and sells products ranging from protein shakes, protein snacks, nutrition and fitness supplements, to personal care products. In a report by the German Society for Nutrition (GSN), it can be read that “Herbalife cannot be the only measure to reduce weight in the long term because users do not learn to have a balanced diet by using these products. There is a lack of a permanent change in dietary habits towards a full-fledged diet. In addition, sufficient movement is also essential for weight reduction.” Moreover, the GSN saw the marketing offer of Herbalife, in which the customer has to invest around 146€ for a 4-weeks program, as “critical”. They concluded by saying, “The diet products are marketed on a per-commission basis by consultants who often lack the training of a qualified nutritionist.”. Furthermore, Herbalife’s products used to contain ephedrine, which acts as a nasal decongestant and can increase the heart rate. The ephedrine was banned by the FDA in 2004; however, Herbalife had already eliminated the substance in 2002.\n\n![image 1.png](https://steemitimages.com/DQmQECVLjT51cFUnuStSqMQPWisiLGhdDxR5YAiop9ehG4b/image%201.png)\n\nHughes structured Herbalife according to a multi-level marketing (MLM) model. This means that Herbalife’s products are available exclusively through independent distributors, who are paid based on the volume of their sales but they also earn additional commissions from sales performed by their “downline”, constituted of other distributors that they recruited, the recruits of their recruits, and so on. Therefore, in an MLM model, vendors are incentivized not only in finding retail customers but also in signing up additional distributors. The more layers a member has below him/herself the upper he is in the ranking and the greater the earnings, as exemplified in the figure below.\n\n![image 2.png](https://steemitimages.com/DQmZuMAynCyVWUFyF1J4CGwWJKadFhVMBAXuYpQo16yhQtN/image%202.png)\n\nHowever, it has been calculated that, while only about the 0.12% of members make above 148,000 USD a year, the 86% of distributors earn nothing from the company. In other words, the top 1% of Herbalife distributors receive nearly 90% of the total rewards. Herbalife recognizes these statistics as correct but justifies them by stating that many “distributors join simply to receive a discount on Herbalife products”, and are therefore not interested in selling them for personal profit. Furthermore, it should be noticed that at the bottom of the pyramid there is a continuous turnover of members who leave the company after seeing that its business opportunity is completely unprofitable and are immediately replaced by new investors: 90% of Herbalife distributors drop out in the first year.\n\nTHE BILLION BET\n\nHerbalife has been accused multiple times of being a fraudulent company. However, the major scandal broke out in 2012, when Bill Ackman, the manager of the Pershing Square Capital fund, disclosed a 1 billion USD short position against the company, betting its share price would eventually fall to zero. Ackman’s move was based on the fact that he believed Herbalife to be an illegal pyramid scheme and that its stocks were, as a consequence, destined to plummet.\n\nhttps://youtu.be/KX32XBgzXQ0\n\nIn response, Johnson claimed that Ackman’s allegations were “a malicious attack on Herbalife’s business model based largely on outdated, distorted and inaccurate information.” Herbalife’s CEO added that “Herbalife operates with the highest ethical and quality standards, and our management and our board are constantly reviewing our business practices and products. Herbalife also hires independent, outside experts to ensure our operations are in full compliance with laws and regulations.”. In conclusion, “Herbalife is not an illegal pyramid scheme.”.\n\nCarl Icahn, hedge fund manager, founder, and primary shareholder of the Icahn Enterprises, with a net worth of 16.6 billion USD, took Herbalife’s side too. Several weeks after Ackman revealed his short position, Icahn bought a 13% stake in Herbalife, causing a price rally. It’s not clear if Icahn move was motivated by a real faith in the company or by the desire to see Ackman squeezed. In fact, the animosity between the two, caused by an old dispute ended in court in favour of Ackman, was well known in the Wall Street environment. In this respect, Icahn insisted, “This is not an ad hominem thing. It is really not a personal thing. The fact that I don’t like Ackman you could say is the strawberry on top of the ice cream.”.\n\n![image 3.png](https://steemitimages.com/DQmPYRfDKe2rmo9VK7mncuxvjQ89zJwh8SUxismvztiEmnz/image%203.png)\n\nIn the following years, Ackman became increasingly obsessed with Herbalife. He called out the government to investigate the company and lobbied with Washington. Ackman also called numerous press conferences and he showed presentations of hundreds of slides. However, the stock price never appeared to plummet. He obtained his first victory only a year later, in 2014, when Herbalife received a civil investigative demand from the FDC, which caused the stock price to fall by the 8%. Just the previous day, Icahn had purchased another 26.3 million USD shares of the company.\n\nhttps://youtu.be/L366GHmTanM\n\nThe results of the investigation came out in July 2016, when Herbalife was accused by the FTC of deceiving the buyers and sellers of its products into the belief they could make good money out of their investment, while for the large majority of them the returns were zero or even negative. Herbalife was sentenced to pay back 200 million USD to consumers, hire an outside monitor, and substantially restructuring its business practice, especially concerning the bottom level of the pyramid.\n\nHowever, the FTC didn’t make any move towards shutting down the company for fraud and didn’t confirm Ackman allegations of Herbalife being a pyramid scheme. As a consequence, the settlement was seen by Wall Street as positive and Herbalife’s share price actually increased. CEO Michael O. Johnson Tweeted on the agreement: “The FTC settlement is an acknowledgement that our business model is sound and underscores our confidence in our ability to move forward successfully, otherwise we would not have agreed to these terms.”. In the aftermath of the disclosures by the FTC, Ackman publicly stated that Icahn was trying to sell his shares. In response, the Herbalife investor shelled out a further 19.1 million USD reaching a 24.6% stake.\n\nhttps://youtu.be/ttWG9fHX3Gg\n\nOn, October the 7th 2017, Herbalife bought back 600 million outstanding shares for a total of 458 million USD. The action caused an increase in share price of the 11.2%. Icahn gained roughly 218 million USD and his stake went up to 2% as a consequence of the fewer share outstanding. On the other hand, the buyback meant for Ackman a recorded single-day paper loss of 145 million USD and increased interest rates for the future. It can be said that, so far, Ackman has been proven wrong by Wall Street. However, on October the 4th, Ackman made a statement in which he confirmed he is still confident he’ll win this war. “Short-selling is risky,” he said, “And Carl Icahn taking the opposite bet on the stock was not part of my list of potential negative events.”.\n\nA PYRAMID SCHEME\n\nThe difference between a multi-level marketing strategy and a pyramid scheme is that the former focuses on rewarding sales of products to customers, while latter mainly rewards the recruitment of new distributors. The US law requires that compensation schemes shall not be based on recruitment that is divorced from sales. The FTC indicates pyramid schemes as illegal because “they must eventually collapse” and they “make money for those at the top of the pyramid, but must disappoint those at the bottom who can find no recruits”.\n\nhttps://youtu.be/VVUUbEw_Pm8\n\nBut is Herbalife a pyramid scheme? The company has two separate missions: their goal is to change people lives by providing “the best nutrition and weight-management products in the world” and also “the best business opportunity in direct selling”. But to demonstrate that Herbalife is acting fraudulently it must be proved that (1) its distributors obtain monetary benefits primarily from recruitment rather than sales of goods and (2) that Herbalife purposefully conceals the fact that its recruiting rewards are much higher than its retail profit.\n\nFirst of all, the company showed a remarkable growth since its foundation, with products that sell much better than those of competitors. However, these extra sales cannot be attributed to price (Herbalife’s products are on average more expensive) neither to a lack of potential substitutes. Also, Herbalife does not dedicate more resources in advertisement and it tends to promote brand awareness with the purpose of recruiting vendors more than particular products. In conclusion, it appears that the reason behind Herbalife’s extraordinary volume of sales is that the company bundles its products with a business opportunity. The fact that Herbalife refuses to track the number of products sold to external customers also leads in this direction.\n\nFurthermore, the retail profit varies depending on the ultimate sale price that the distributor achieves for the product, while the royalty overrides paid by Herbalife are fixed. On average, Herbalife products are sold at a discount between 34% and 40% from the suggested retail price adjusted for fees. Herbalife claims that many of its members make zero profit because they are only interested in buying the products for personal use at a discount. However, the question arises of why should people pay a 55 USD subscription to get a 25% discount on Herbalife products, while the same products are widely available with a greater discount and no fee? In conclusion, it is likely that those individuals indicated by Herbalife as “internal buyers” are nothing more than failed distributors.\n\nhttps://youtu.be/K9RBLMR9hUQ\n\nThese two arguments together substantiate the allegations made by Ackman against Herbalife. In fact, it appears that the selling of the product is unprofitable for the distributors, who actually invest more money that the amount they can collect from external buyers. As a consequence, the way distributors do make money is by recruiting other distributors. Even though recruiting is not paid in itself, premiums are paid for any amount of Herbalife’s products purchased by a distributor’s downline. Since to become a new distributor an individual has to acquire a certain amount of inventory, a part of this money goes to the recruiter. Given the facts illustrated above and Herbalife’s opaqueness when it comes to disclose the amount of external sales, it is likely that they are indeed concealing the fact that their products just do not sell.",
      "json_metadata": "{\"tags\":[\"herbalife\",\"fraud\",\"scandal\",\"bettingonzeros\",\"thebillionbet\"],\"image\":[\"https://img.youtube.com/vi/b8R7dQVDMTY/0.jpg\",\"https://steemitimages.com/DQmQECVLjT51cFUnuStSqMQPWisiLGhdDxR5YAiop9ehG4b/image%201.png\",\"https://steemitimages.com/DQmZuMAynCyVWUFyF1J4CGwWJKadFhVMBAXuYpQo16yhQtN/image%202.png\",\"https://img.youtube.com/vi/KX32XBgzXQ0/0.jpg\",\"https://steemitimages.com/DQmPYRfDKe2rmo9VK7mncuxvjQ89zJwh8SUxismvztiEmnz/image%203.png\",\"https://img.youtube.com/vi/L366GHmTanM/0.jpg\",\"https://img.youtube.com/vi/ttWG9fHX3Gg/0.jpg\",\"https://img.youtube.com/vi/VVUUbEw_Pm8/0.jpg\",\"https://img.youtube.com/vi/K9RBLMR9hUQ/0.jpg\"],\"links\":[\"https://youtu.be/b8R7dQVDMTY\",\"https://youtu.be/KX32XBgzXQ0\",\"https://youtu.be/L366GHmTanM\",\"https://youtu.be/ttWG9fHX3Gg\",\"https://youtu.be/VVUUbEw_Pm8\",\"https://youtu.be/K9RBLMR9hUQ\"],\"app\":\"steemit/0.1\",\"format\":\"markdown\"}",
      "parent_author": "",
      "parent_permlink": "herbalife",
      "permlink": "herbalife-the-biggest-ongoing-fraud",
      "title": "HERBALIFE: the biggest ongoing fraud?"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-10-19T14:13:00",
  "trx_id": "7276cc95f3df637380fe42da89d94c691d70d254",
  "trx_in_block": 1,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 16468116,
  "op": [
    "comment",
    {
      "author": "perpetualroot",
      "body": "No, I agree! This is exactly the point I'm trying to make. What I am arguing is that feminism has found new ways to emerge as a movement that encompasses both men and women and is not anymore based on a contraposition between the two genders. This is exactly why feminism has stopped (or is stopping, perhaps?) to be a \"threatening\" or even \"shameful\" word, to reach instead its core: which is equal rights for women and men.  What I am saying is that this TV series, although very well-directed, stands against these new trends and brings feminism back to the \"fight against the man\" concept.",
      "json_metadata": "{\"tags\":[\"feminism\"],\"app\":\"steemit/0.1\"}",
      "parent_author": "acl77",
      "parent_permlink": "re-perpetualroot-a-look-at-feminism-through-the-eyes-of-a-handmaid-the-handmaid-s-tale-20171016t122937651z",
      "permlink": "re-acl77-re-perpetualroot-a-look-at-feminism-through-the-eyes-of-a-handmaid-the-handmaid-s-tale-20171019t135848245z",
      "title": ""
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-10-19T13:58:54",
  "trx_id": "02fd554fb5a408d56a650af27d961d6da5dc0ef3",
  "trx_in_block": 0,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 16379951,
  "op": [
    "comment",
    {
      "author": "acl77",
      "body": "Are you sure feminism has become threatening? It really seems to be the complete opposite.\n\nLook at the men that participated in gamergate and the men at Donald Trump's campaign rallies in 2016. If you think anyone is intimidated by feminism theses days I would argue that you're misreading it.\n\nFeminism is quite innocuous currently. Do you see it differently?",
      "json_metadata": "{\"tags\":[\"feminism\"],\"app\":\"steemit/0.1\"}",
      "parent_author": "perpetualroot",
      "parent_permlink": "a-look-at-feminism-through-the-eyes-of-a-handmaid-the-handmaid-s-tale",
      "permlink": "re-perpetualroot-a-look-at-feminism-through-the-eyes-of-a-handmaid-the-handmaid-s-tale-20171016t122937651z",
      "title": ""
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-10-16T12:29:42",
  "trx_id": "c53b437cfdc13f64bace98614bdc457e8dcf6c58",
  "trx_in_block": 4,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 16298203,
  "op": [
    "delegate_vesting_shares",
    {
      "delegatee": "perpetualroot",
      "delegator": "steem",
      "vesting_shares": "29831.370804 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-10-13T16:00:51",
  "trx_id": "5835c31f9fee589a4c7a7e12d29c5fa78e8ade37",
  "trx_in_block": 13,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 16267289,
  "op": [
    "author_reward",
    {
      "author": "perpetualroot",
      "permlink": "re-brimax-have-we-gone-completely-mad-you-can-t-even-make-this-up-20171005t141338827z",
      "sbd_payout": "0.009 SBD",
      "steem_payout": "0.000 STEEM",
      "vesting_payout": "18.518174 VESTS"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-10-12T14:13:39",
  "trx_id": "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
  "trx_in_block": 4294967295,
  "virtual_op": 3
}

{
  "block": 16210572,
  "op": [
    "comment",
    {
      "author": "perpetualroot",
      "body": "@@ -449,8 +449,11 @@\n  shares.\n+ :D\n",
      "json_metadata": "{\"tags\":[\"feminism\"],\"app\":\"steemit/0.1\"}",
      "parent_author": "gaman",
      "parent_permlink": "a-look-at-feminism-through-the-eyes-of-a-handmaid-the-handmaid-s-tale-gaman-10102017",
      "permlink": "re-gaman-a-look-at-feminism-through-the-eyes-of-a-handmaid-the-handmaid-s-tale-gaman-10102017-20171010t145503877z",
      "title": ""
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-10-10T14:55:24",
  "trx_id": "40f8d464b889463c53b056c1fbdd5805248069ed",
  "trx_in_block": 28,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 16210564,
  "op": [
    "comment",
    {
      "author": "perpetualroot",
      "body": "Thank you! But have you read it? What do you think about my opinion on this topic? I'm looking for people who are interested in what I write about, I'd like to exchange ideas and have feedbacks. I'm very young and eager to learn and become a better journalist! I'm also curious about experimenting with new platforms. But I'm not interested in likes for the sake of liking. For me, it's really all about the quality of the content not the number of shares.",
      "json_metadata": "{\"tags\":[\"feminism\"],\"app\":\"steemit/0.1\"}",
      "parent_author": "gaman",
      "parent_permlink": "a-look-at-feminism-through-the-eyes-of-a-handmaid-the-handmaid-s-tale-gaman-10102017",
      "permlink": "re-gaman-a-look-at-feminism-through-the-eyes-of-a-handmaid-the-handmaid-s-tale-gaman-10102017-20171010t145503877z",
      "title": ""
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-10-10T14:55:00",
  "trx_id": "c527e2950e7ced0018c865bf9be6981ec5fb8db7",
  "trx_in_block": 21,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 16207454,
  "op": [
    "comment",
    {
      "author": "gaman",
      "body": "Resteemed your article.  This article was resteemed because you are part of the New Steemians project. You can learn more about it here: https://steemit.com/introduceyourself/@gaman/new-steemians-project-launch",
      "json_metadata": "{\"app\": \"pysteem/0.5.4\"}",
      "parent_author": "perpetualroot",
      "parent_permlink": "a-look-at-feminism-through-the-eyes-of-a-handmaid-the-handmaid-s-tale",
      "permlink": "a-look-at-feminism-through-the-eyes-of-a-handmaid-the-handmaid-s-tale-gaman-10102017",
      "title": " "
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-10-10T12:19:24",
  "trx_id": "d60511aa854326c05bbf86d6e263971d964fc178",
  "trx_in_block": 2,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 16179252,
  "op": [
    "vote",
    {
      "author": "perpetualroot",
      "permlink": "a-look-at-feminism-through-the-eyes-of-a-handmaid-the-handmaid-s-tale",
      "voter": "tokenteller",
      "weight": 100
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-10-09T12:48:48",
  "trx_id": "a9a911dacae03d318a646acf3cf33aa2a4400b52",
  "trx_in_block": 16,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 16178892,
  "op": [
    "comment",
    {
      "author": "perpetualroot",
      "body": "![cover.png](https://steemitimages.com/DQmd6wAjmiPJGE83thNPTimvDERcWiaeDvCg9EKFQqs4RNC/cover.png)\n\nEvery woman, at a certain point in her life, is confronted with feminism and each of us absorbs and interprets its legacy in a personal way. There is no definition of the “feminist” as such:  she doesn’t have a race, nor a religion or a sexual orientation. She doesn’t belong to a specific social class and her daily job ranges from clerk to poet and from teacher to carpenter. It could be argued that she even has no gender, as demonstrated by the growing number of “feminist men” and feminist campaigns dedicated to the, once antagonist, other sex. The #HeForShe campaign, which stars the young actress Emma Watson as its spokesperson, is probably the best-known example of this trend. Personally, I see the birth of these new movements as a positive attempt to soften and, at the same time, restore the credibility of a concept that had become so threatening that women themselves felt ashamed in using it.\n\n![feminist man.png](https://steemitimages.com/DQmafvTfWta5ATEcm5JLxJ83yKRVfaDAcNznw4bhr6BLwry/feminist%20man.png)\n\nMy story as a feminist has crossed different streams of ideas in different periods of my life, but I want to speak about a particular moment of truth that came recently, after watching a TV series based on Margaret Atwood’s popular novel The Handmaid’s Tale. I am very fond of dystopian books and movies, as I believe they are realistic portraits of where humanity is directed if we continue to elect the Trump-minded politicians as Head of States. I had a strong emotional reaction to this TV series that I could describe as a mixture of outrage and discomfort. However, my over-reaction was not due to the frightening scenario depicted, but more because of the message sent to the audience.\n\nTo explain myself better, I need to briefly introduce the novel. The Handmaid’s Tale, was written in 1985 by Margaret Eleanor Atwood. The author was introduced to the feminist dialogue going on in the ‘60s during her universities studies; however, she always refused to label her literary production as strictly “feminist”. Concerning The Handmaid’s Tale, she claimed that she did not intend to make a political statement, her aim was in fact to produce “a study of power and how it operates and deforms or shapes the people who are living within that kind of regime”.\n\nThe tale narrates the story of Offred, who lives in the Republic of Gilead, ruled by a theonomic dictatorship based on the deprivation of any right for women. The vast majority of the citizens are infertile, and the human population is decreasing sharply: the few women who can still have children are kidnapped and become the Handmaids. The Ceremony, a religious-based ritual that comprises the Commander fucking a Handmaid between the legs of his Wife, takes place every month. The life of the Handmaids swings from beatings and mutilations to rape. The Wives are locked at home and humiliated. The Aunts are the sadistic guardians of the Handmaids: generally old and infertile, this is their only chance of survival. All other women are either Marthas (servants), Jezebels (prostitutes), or simply Unwomen (who are usually sent to the Colonies where, shortly after, they die).\n\nIn spite of how its author described The Handmaid’s Tale as a “story of a new form of misogyny, women’s hatred of women”, what I assisted to was, instead, the apotheosis of the “Man versus Woman” tragedy, depicted with unprecedented harshness. The camera, fixed on the bodies of the Handmaids, is without mercy, the viewer cannot lower her eyes. I could feel the shame of those women as my shame, their submission was my submission. In my mind, I was begging them to react, because nobody should ever see a woman being treated like that, not even in fiction.\n\nThis is not the kind of feminism I am looking for, a feminism based on an antagonism with men that is obsolete and detrimental. As I said before, women have found a different level of engagement that brings about actual change and not purely makes some noise. Feminism is evolving towards the conception of women and men working side by side to fill the gap between genders that do exist. The Handmaid’s Tale, exactly because it has the pretence to be a feminist production, is damaging for the conception of feminism that we are trying to build. What makes me angry is that a TV series that reached an audience of thousands of people all around the world was passing forward such a “bigot” feminist message.\n\n![social handmaid.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmYrsN3XwZ8cfBnmbwkbLFGkM3Tyou4SingPrBCyG2rGgw/social%20handmaid.jpg)\n\nI prefer to think about The Handmaid’s Tale not as a feminist story but just as a dystopic one in a broader sense.  Under this light, the TV series well-accomplishes different purposes. For example, the story can be seen as a memento of our past of masters and slaves, very actual in a period of racial crisis as the contemporary. Or it can be approached as an expression of the anti-Trump campaign, advocating for freedom of choice and sexuality for women. A debate about the role of women is crucial at this moment in history and I want to recognize the effectiveness of this thought-provoking piece of television in putting women’s rights in the spotlight. Nevertheless, being at the centre of the attention should not be seen as the ultimate objective: policies are the ones that last not fire. We can start with “Nolite Te Bastardes Carborundorum!” but only if we recognize that there is much more to work on.",
      "json_metadata": "{\"tags\":[\"feminism\",\"handmaidstale\",\"politics\",\"heforshe\"],\"image\":[\"https://steemitimages.com/DQmd6wAjmiPJGE83thNPTimvDERcWiaeDvCg9EKFQqs4RNC/cover.png\",\"https://steemitimages.com/DQmafvTfWta5ATEcm5JLxJ83yKRVfaDAcNznw4bhr6BLwry/feminist%20man.png\",\"https://steemitimages.com/DQmYrsN3XwZ8cfBnmbwkbLFGkM3Tyou4SingPrBCyG2rGgw/social%20handmaid.jpg\"],\"app\":\"steemit/0.1\",\"format\":\"markdown\"}",
      "parent_author": "",
      "parent_permlink": "feminism",
      "permlink": "a-look-at-feminism-through-the-eyes-of-a-handmaid-the-handmaid-s-tale",
      "title": "A look at feminism through the eyes of a handmaid - The Handmaid's Tale"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-10-09T12:30:48",
  "trx_id": "f6f1638626f0f4dd562373425e10027125bdc94e",
  "trx_in_block": 12,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 16160688,
  "op": [
    "vote",
    {
      "author": "perpetualroot",
      "permlink": "alone-on-the-boats-chapter-2-where-do-the-migrant-children-come-from",
      "voter": "skinnzero68",
      "weight": 10000
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-10-08T21:20:36",
  "trx_id": "94c2611a52604e5fd635b0cbd8f3508972f4f51f",
  "trx_in_block": 31,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 16152491,
  "op": [
    "vote",
    {
      "author": "perpetualroot",
      "permlink": "alone-on-the-boats-chapter-2-where-do-the-migrant-children-come-from",
      "voter": "lewizo",
      "weight": 10000
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-10-08T14:30:42",
  "trx_id": "ad0d1591b0c5373c606e5c71995d1aa6a594637c",
  "trx_in_block": 0,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 16152379,
  "op": [
    "vote",
    {
      "author": "perpetualroot",
      "permlink": "alone-on-the-boats-chapter-2-where-do-the-migrant-children-come-from",
      "voter": "metinyolcu",
      "weight": 10000
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-10-08T14:25:06",
  "trx_id": "9ffbdeaa8fc7d3a51504ba59ffa9552f0c9930a9",
  "trx_in_block": 3,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 16152046,
  "op": [
    "comment",
    {
      "author": "gaman",
      "body": "Resteemed your article.  This article was resteemed because you are part of the New Steemians project. You can learn more about it here: https://steemit.com/introduceyourself/@gaman/new-steemians-project-launch",
      "json_metadata": "{\"app\": \"pysteem/0.5.4\"}",
      "parent_author": "perpetualroot",
      "parent_permlink": "alone-on-the-boats-chapter-2-where-do-the-migrant-children-come-from",
      "permlink": "alone-on-the-boats-chapter-2-where-do-the-migrant-children-come-from-gaman-10082017",
      "title": " "
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-10-08T14:08:27",
  "trx_id": "d5d21d6af2a9fd7756d9a2623488fe0a312164c9",
  "trx_in_block": 9,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 16124857,
  "op": [
    "vote",
    {
      "author": "perpetualroot",
      "permlink": "alone-on-the-boats-chapter-2-where-do-the-migrant-children-come-from",
      "voter": "natachayacinthe1",
      "weight": 10000
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-10-07T15:28:57",
  "trx_id": "badf5887cfed572ff19a64aaa9155b800153b8f4",
  "trx_in_block": 10,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 16123287,
  "op": [
    "comment",
    {
      "author": "perpetualroot",
      "body": "![cover official.PNG](https://steemitimages.com/DQmXFj8EQxAPT7iBWrG7V5KAr9PHqhKS3UGBrHqeUtuhDbg/cover%20official.PNG)\n\nThe unaccompanied minor immigrants (UMI) arrived in Italy via sea in the last six years come from 47 different countries, among which the most common are Eritrea, Egypt, Gambia, Somalia, Nigeria, and Syria. The five African countries are among the first ten nationalities of origins in the whole period 2011/16, while Syria appears only in the years between 2013 and 2015 when the internal war was at its peak. Kids of different nationalities are escaping for different reasons and have unique needs. Below, a broad picture for each country is presented.\n\n![map with names.PNG](https://steemitimages.com/DQmQD4ZexXLoaqEkz54me2xYDPTd6Gp7pcGinncwAUxjKqH/map%20with%20names.PNG)\n\nDuring the last few years, the Horn of Africa has been hit by numerous droughts, which led to a food crisis of vast proportions. Two over three kids under 5 years old are underweight or suffer from chronic or severe malnutrition. Moreover, Eritrea and Somalia respectively scored 49th and 3rd on infant mortality. Somalia is the scene of a conflict between the government and opposing military forces, which caused instability throughout the country and spread violence. The UN reported numerous cases of enlisted kids, who were subject to abuses and human rights violations.  Minors from Eritrea are also escaping from an oppressive regime, where military conscription exists for both men and women and lasts for an indefinite amount of time, usually years. Boys and girls are taken when still very young, receive six months to one year of training and, afterwards, they have to work for the commanders. They are treated nearly as slaves and paid a remuneration that is insufficient to guarantee survival, causing families to live in extreme poverty. This situation is forcing many kids to abandon school prematurely and start working in the fields or in construction. Many girls accept early combined marriages in order to avoid the unbearable military service.\n\nConcerning UMI from Egypt, the political crisis originated from the Arab Spring in 2011 caused the Egyptian socio-economic system to deteriorate, leading to a sharp decrease in the standards of living. Currently, the 27.8% of the population lives below the poverty threshold. The economic crisis obliged many people, especially from the most rural regions, to migrate with the hope of finding a job in Europe that will permit them to help their families. The 60% of all Egyptian immigrants are minors. An alarming factor is the decreasing average age of the UMI: in 2016, an increase in the arrivals of kids between 12 and 13 years old caused the average age to lower from 16 to 14 years old.\n\nThe WTO indicated Nigeria, the Western African giant, as a country with huge potential for economic growth and development. However, in the last few months, Nigeria entered a severe economic crisis, mainly due to the dropping of oil price. In the meantime, a humanitarian crisis emerged from the conflict that has been unfolding in the North-East of the country during the last seven years. Violence already caused more than 20.000 deaths and the dislocation of 2 million people. Furthermore, malnutrition is increasingly spread, affecting the 41% of kids under five years old, and infant mortality is at its peak. Half of the Nigerian population lives in conditions of extreme poverty, with wide a gap between social classes. This is causing an increasing number of kids (3.040 in 2016, three times the number for the precedent year) to seek asylum in Europe.\n\nGambia is also undergoing a serious food crisis due to environmental changes that caused drought, floods, and epidemics. Again, extreme poverty is widespread and the country is not equipped with functioning infrastructures. Moreover, an internal conflict based on ethnical, linguistic and religious discrimination is ongoing since 25 years. The country is characterized by a systematic repression of freedom of expression and political opposition, and frequent abuses perpetrated by the military and civil authorities. In 2016, the UN reported the use of torture on prisoners by the National Intelligence Agency (NIA). The 6.245 Gambian UMI arrived in Italy in the period 2011/16, half of which only in 2016, were mainly escaping the dictatorial regime and looking for better living conditions.\n\nThe description of Nigeria and Gambia pictures well the common socio-economic conditions of other countries in Western Africa, as Guinea, Ivory Coast, Ghana, and Liberia, which are also a major country of origin of young migrants. Guinea is also worth a further analysis, as this country underwent the most severe sanitarian crisis of the last decade due to the outbreak of the Ebola virus epidemics. From 2013, the virus killed 2.536 people, causing 6.220 kids to remain orphan. In June 2016, the WHO officially declared Africa liberated from Ebola. However, countries as Guinea are still facing the social and economic consequences of the crisis.\n\nFinally, Syrian minors are fleeing from a war that, since 2011, caused more than 250.000 deaths and forced about 11 million people to leave their homes. Among them are thousands of kids, however, many just disappeared upon their arrival in Europe. For example, in 2014, only 158 UMI were registered against 945 estimated arrivals. In 2015, the registered minors were 144 against 694 arrivals and, in 2016, they were 102 against a total of 220 UMI arrived. From the data, it clearly appears that the majority of the 2.500 minors entering Italy in the last four years is invisible to the system. It is likely that these kids have found their own means to continue the journey after arriving in Italy, which is not their final destination. This youth, before the war, belonged to relatively wealthy and educated families, who could afford the costs of the trip but could not legally enter Europe. They often lost their parents due to the war, but they have family members waiting for them in other European countries. During their journey, they receive the help of acquaintances or, more often, of smugglers as there are no legal ways for them to cross the frontiers with and within Europe.",
      "json_metadata": "{\"tags\":[\"life\",\"children\",\"migrant\",\"socialissues\",\"sea\"],\"image\":[\"https://steemitimages.com/DQmXFj8EQxAPT7iBWrG7V5KAr9PHqhKS3UGBrHqeUtuhDbg/cover%20official.PNG\",\"https://steemitimages.com/DQmQD4ZexXLoaqEkz54me2xYDPTd6Gp7pcGinncwAUxjKqH/map%20with%20names.PNG\"],\"app\":\"steemit/0.1\",\"format\":\"markdown\"}",
      "parent_author": "",
      "parent_permlink": "life",
      "permlink": "alone-on-the-boats-chapter-2-where-do-the-migrant-children-come-from",
      "title": "Alone on the Boats - Chapter 2: WHERE do the MIGRANT CHILDREN come from?"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-10-07T14:10:27",
  "trx_id": "f702d8389555017d8229b812f5420908712ba94f",
  "trx_in_block": 17,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 16098844,
  "op": [
    "comment",
    {
      "author": "brimax",
      "body": "Thanks for taking a look",
      "json_metadata": "{\"tags\":[\"news\"],\"app\":\"steemit/0.1\"}",
      "parent_author": "perpetualroot",
      "parent_permlink": "re-brimax-have-we-gone-completely-mad-you-can-t-even-make-this-up-20171005t141338827z",
      "permlink": "re-perpetualroot-re-brimax-have-we-gone-completely-mad-you-can-t-even-make-this-up-20171006t174753290z",
      "title": ""
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-10-06T17:47:57",
  "trx_id": "0ef83662b01602f7ce88351536292866a3dfa149",
  "trx_in_block": 11,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 16098837,
  "op": [
    "vote",
    {
      "author": "perpetualroot",
      "permlink": "re-brimax-have-we-gone-completely-mad-you-can-t-even-make-this-up-20171005t141338827z",
      "voter": "brimax",
      "weight": 1500
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-10-06T17:47:36",
  "trx_id": "ce5a4d6f5c3978179dce161737bdd7ab6b00eb61",
  "trx_in_block": 6,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 16068720,
  "op": [
    "vote",
    {
      "author": "perpetualroot",
      "permlink": "re-meowzinator-re-perpetualroot-the-social-issues-page-steemits-were-waiting-for-to-foster-change-together-on-step-at-the-time-20171005t080131285z",
      "voter": "meowzinator",
      "weight": 10000
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-10-05T16:40:30",
  "trx_id": "56853b05637ab4f040eb75cc81662505a6e8e02a",
  "trx_in_block": 0,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 16068537,
  "op": [
    "comment",
    {
      "author": "steemitboard",
      "body": "Congratulations @perpetualroot! You have completed some achievement on Steemit and have been rewarded with new badge(s) :\n\n[![](https://steemitimages.com/70x80/http://steemitboard.com/notifications/votes.png)](http://steemitboard.com/@perpetualroot) Award for the number of upvotes\n\nClick on any badge to view your own Board of Honor on SteemitBoard.\nFor more information about SteemitBoard, click [here](https://steemit.com/@steemitboard)\n\nIf you no longer want to receive notifications, reply to this comment with the word `STOP`\n\n> By upvoting this notification, you can help all Steemit users. Learn how [here](https://steemit.com/steemitboard/@steemitboard/http-i-cubeupload-com-7ciqeo-png)!",
      "json_metadata": "{\"image\":[\"https://steemitboard.com/img/notifications.png\"]}",
      "parent_author": "perpetualroot",
      "parent_permlink": "alone-on-the-boats-chapter-1-who-are-the-migrant-children-arriving-in-italy-alone",
      "permlink": "steemitboard-notify-perpetualroot-20171005t163121000z",
      "title": ""
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-10-05T16:31:21",
  "trx_id": "9268f8ffbef30eadd49e4c0e08808d715e194e53",
  "trx_in_block": 2,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 16065826,
  "op": [
    "custom_json",
    {
      "id": "follow",
      "json": "[\"follow\",{\"follower\":\"perpetualroot\",\"following\":\"gaman\",\"what\":[\"blog\"]}]",
      "required_auths": [],
      "required_posting_auths": [
        "perpetualroot"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-10-05T14:15:45",
  "trx_id": "081247f442510a2204d6d0deb2c7d9a30ff92d04",
  "trx_in_block": 23,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 16065784,
  "op": [
    "comment",
    {
      "author": "perpetualroot",
      "body": "Good to have updates about fraud cases. I am currently following a corporate fraud course and I am interested in this type of news! Well done :)",
      "json_metadata": "{\"tags\":[\"news\"],\"app\":\"steemit/0.1\"}",
      "parent_author": "brimax",
      "parent_permlink": "have-we-gone-completely-mad-you-can-t-even-make-this-up",
      "permlink": "re-brimax-have-we-gone-completely-mad-you-can-t-even-make-this-up-20171005t141338827z",
      "title": ""
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-10-05T14:13:39",
  "trx_id": "11e69265f2f2f21b31fe114c8ff006295de5665b",
  "trx_in_block": 7,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 16065731,
  "op": [
    "vote",
    {
      "author": "brimax",
      "permlink": "have-we-gone-completely-mad-you-can-t-even-make-this-up",
      "voter": "perpetualroot",
      "weight": 10000
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-10-05T14:11:00",
  "trx_id": "912a35da6386465013d4c82b30d128605999a138",
  "trx_in_block": 13,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 16065545,
  "op": [
    "vote",
    {
      "author": "perpetualroot",
      "permlink": "the-social-issues-page-steemits-were-waiting-for-to-foster-change-together-on-step-at-the-time",
      "voter": "newsteemians",
      "weight": 2000
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-10-05T14:01:42",
  "trx_id": "a355f02987a1f26b213755fc00df44b7c9e39d99",
  "trx_in_block": 9,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 16065540,
  "op": [
    "comment",
    {
      "author": "newsteemians",
      "body": "Welcome to Steem Community @perpetualroot! As a gentle reminder, please keep your master password safe. The best practise is to use your private posting key to login to Steemit when posting; and the private active key for wallet related transactions. \n\n In the New Steemians project, we help new members of steem by education and resteeeming their articles. Get your articles resteemed too for maximum exposure. You can learn more about it here: https://steemit.com/introduceyourself/@gaman/new-steemians-project-launch ",
      "json_metadata": "{\"app\": \"pysteem/0.5.4\"}",
      "parent_author": "perpetualroot",
      "parent_permlink": "the-social-issues-page-steemits-were-waiting-for-to-foster-change-together-on-step-at-the-time",
      "permlink": "the-social-issues-page-steemits-were-waiting-for-to-foster-change-together-on-step-at-the-time-newsteemians-10052017",
      "title": " "
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-10-05T14:01:27",
  "trx_id": "eb36c6b4eca2b047232de6a1dcf2584f8c8e481e",
  "trx_in_block": 24,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 16060888,
  "op": [
    "comment",
    {
      "author": "steemitboard",
      "body": "Congratulations @perpetualroot! You have completed some achievement on Steemit and have been rewarded with new badge(s) :\n\n[![](https://steemitimages.com/70x80/http://steemitboard.com/notifications/firstcomment.png)](http://steemitboard.com/@perpetualroot) You made your First Comment\n\nClick on any badge to view your own Board of Honor on SteemitBoard.\nFor more information about SteemitBoard, click [here](https://steemit.com/@steemitboard)\n\nIf you no longer want to receive notifications, reply to this comment with the word `STOP`\n\n> By upvoting this notification, you can help all Steemit users. Learn how [here](https://steemit.com/steemitboard/@steemitboard/http-i-cubeupload-com-7ciqeo-png)!",
      "json_metadata": "{\"image\":[\"https://steemitboard.com/img/notifications.png\"]}",
      "parent_author": "perpetualroot",
      "parent_permlink": "alone-on-the-boats-chapter-1-who-are-the-migrant-children-arriving-in-italy-alone",
      "permlink": "steemitboard-notify-perpetualroot-20171005t100835000z",
      "title": ""
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-10-05T10:08:36",
  "trx_id": "c25f7a8cd0f4cceeb838e941548875d60d63ed4a",
  "trx_in_block": 1,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 16058367,
  "op": [
    "comment",
    {
      "author": "perpetualroot",
      "body": "Hello! Thank you for the kind welcome. I will definitely have a look at your posts. Cheers! :D",
      "json_metadata": "{\"tags\":[\"introduceyourself\"],\"app\":\"steemit/0.1\"}",
      "parent_author": "rightuppercorner",
      "parent_permlink": "20171004t140554454z",
      "permlink": "re-rightuppercorner-20171004t140554454z-20171005t080231206z",
      "title": ""
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-10-05T08:02:30",
  "trx_id": "3bc1cd0a0215195c90335f742395a0adeca7554e",
  "trx_in_block": 3,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 16058351,
  "op": [
    "vote",
    {
      "author": "meowzinator",
      "permlink": "re-perpetualroot-the-social-issues-page-steemits-were-waiting-for-to-foster-change-together-on-step-at-the-time-20171005t012302007z",
      "voter": "perpetualroot",
      "weight": 10000
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-10-05T08:01:42",
  "trx_id": "b6bb0bbf48448ad136bdbf183acab1992803aebf",
  "trx_in_block": 8,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 16058347,
  "op": [
    "comment",
    {
      "author": "perpetualroot",
      "body": "Hello Meowzinator and thank you for reaching out! I am actually very new to the cryptocurrency market but I'm keen on learning more. My purpose is to bring about social change by spreading light on issues that are overlooked by mainstream media. So, I'm first and foremost a journalist, a researcher and a reporter. My background, however, is in Business. I would love to know more about your startup, and also to become more knowledgeable about the functioning of  Steemit and of the blockchain in general, to understand its real potential. Uh, by the way, I read your posts: very well done! ;)",
      "json_metadata": "{\"tags\":[\"introduceyourself\"],\"app\":\"steemit/0.1\"}",
      "parent_author": "meowzinator",
      "parent_permlink": "re-perpetualroot-the-social-issues-page-steemits-were-waiting-for-to-foster-change-together-on-step-at-the-time-20171005t012302007z",
      "permlink": "re-meowzinator-re-perpetualroot-the-social-issues-page-steemits-were-waiting-for-to-foster-change-together-on-step-at-the-time-20171005t080131285z",
      "title": ""
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-10-05T08:01:30",
  "trx_id": "99ecfb63e378d133241ae08d76a3b6d08b0504c2",
  "trx_in_block": 27,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 16058059,
  "op": [
    "comment",
    {
      "author": "perpetualroot",
      "body": "@@ -1,8 +1,113 @@\n+!%5Bcover 2.jpg%5D(https://steemitimages.com/DQmRFkKJ5nQ4auFnneLjBHfhZvQU5ofCh9nDFxQP9CbFL1j/cover%25202.jpg)%0A%0A\n In six y\n",
      "json_metadata": "{\"tags\":[\"life\",\"children\",\"migrant\",\"socialissues\",\"sea\"],\"image\":[\"https://steemitimages.com/DQmRFkKJ5nQ4auFnneLjBHfhZvQU5ofCh9nDFxQP9CbFL1j/cover%202.jpg\",\"https://steemitimages.com/DQmUx7m75Ff8VXM39EUmTfec14eXYr253fMPJVTcbo3uCTq/Picture1.png\",\"https://steemitimages.com/DQmWeTJ1AhQkuAPJchi4TTs8DT46w3tajaBkWfSimBF3EZi/Picture4.png\",\"https://steemitimages.com/DQmVsE7DwVZrWkLhBGg9A8ewzNxH27iySn5q7zCGs6wnURg/Picture5.png\",\"https://img.youtube.com/vi/m32PlHGe9UM/0.jpg\"],\"links\":[\"https://youtu.be/m32PlHGe9UM\"],\"app\":\"steemit/0.1\",\"format\":\"markdown\"}",
      "parent_author": "",
      "parent_permlink": "life",
      "permlink": "alone-on-the-boats-chapter-1-who-are-the-migrant-children-arriving-in-italy-alone",
      "title": "Alone on the Boats -  Chapter 1: WHO are the MIGRANT CHILDREN arriving in Italy ALONE?"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-10-05T07:47:06",
  "trx_id": "910fb87bc19733e2497ff709f35ff952bcc9eade",
  "trx_in_block": 12,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 16057977,
  "op": [
    "comment",
    {
      "author": "perpetualroot",
      "body": "In six years, from January 2011 to December 2016, 85.937 foreign minors arrived in Italy only through the Central Mediterranean route that from Libya brought them to the Sicilian shores. About the 73% of them (62.672 kids in total) were not accompanied by an adult figure. This means that, in the last six years, three minors out of four have undertaken the journey alone. Even more alarming are the data for 2016. Last year, 25.846 unaccompanied minor immigrants (UMI) landed on the Italian shores, more than two times the number for 2015 and six times the number for 2011. Moreover, while until 2015 the percentage of unaccompanied minors remained steady around 7.8% of all the arrivals, in 2016 UMI constituted the 14.2% of all migrants and more than the 90% of minors. The data concerning the first half of 2017 show a further increase of the 20% in UMI arrivals, with 5.500 minors arrived only between January and May.\n\n![Picture1.png](https://steemitimages.com/DQmUx7m75Ff8VXM39EUmTfec14eXYr253fMPJVTcbo3uCTq/Picture1.png)\n\nA first distinction should be made according to the age of the minors. The 91% of UMI are aged between 15 and 18 years old. The remaining 9% is 14 years old or younger. This percentage appears to remain constant over the years; however, the absolute number of kids under 14 is growing sharply: while in 2012 they were “only” 698, this number triplicated in 2016 when 2.050 minors with less than 14 years old arrived in Italy.\n\n![Picture4.png](https://steemitimages.com/DQmWeTJ1AhQkuAPJchi4TTs8DT46w3tajaBkWfSimBF3EZi/Picture4.png)\n\nThe younger portion of UMI constitutes one of the most vulnerable groups of immigrants, and it is paramount to find adequate solutions to keep them safe and guarantee their well-being. Tutors should be adequately selected and trained to fulfil their needs and, when possible, the kids should be placed in foster care families.\n\n![Picture5.png](https://steemitimages.com/DQmVsE7DwVZrWkLhBGg9A8ewzNxH27iySn5q7zCGs6wnURg/Picture5.png)\n\nA second highly vulnerable group of UMI is constituted by girls. In 2016, 1.832 girls arrived in Italy, the 7.6% of all UMI. Among them, almost 700 disappeared just after the arrival. Girls mainly come from Nigeria and Eritrea, fleeing from abuse and slavery. Nigerian girls are usually born in extremely poor families of the countryside and have lost one or both parents. They went to live with other family members, who are often the first perpetrators of physical and psychological abuses. Many of the girls were involved in human trafficking by a neighbour, acquaintances or even school-mates and older sisters: they have to promise to pay back their debt to the smuggler (around 20/50.000 euros) so they can start the journey towards Europe. The girls are coerced to prostitute since they enter in Niger and Libya, where they can be kept for months in the so-called “connection houses”. When they finally land in Italy, the smugglers are already waiting for them: the girls are thought to lie about their age in order to avoid the system of protection for minors. They are immediately taken away and directed to prostitution in different Italian and European cities.\n\nhttps://youtu.be/m32PlHGe9UM",
      "json_metadata": "{\"tags\":[\"life\",\"children\",\"migrant\",\"socialissues\",\"sea\"],\"image\":[\"https://steemitimages.com/DQmUx7m75Ff8VXM39EUmTfec14eXYr253fMPJVTcbo3uCTq/Picture1.png\",\"https://steemitimages.com/DQmWeTJ1AhQkuAPJchi4TTs8DT46w3tajaBkWfSimBF3EZi/Picture4.png\",\"https://steemitimages.com/DQmVsE7DwVZrWkLhBGg9A8ewzNxH27iySn5q7zCGs6wnURg/Picture5.png\",\"https://img.youtube.com/vi/m32PlHGe9UM/0.jpg\"],\"links\":[\"https://youtu.be/m32PlHGe9UM\"],\"app\":\"steemit/0.1\",\"format\":\"markdown\"}",
      "parent_author": "",
      "parent_permlink": "life",
      "permlink": "alone-on-the-boats-chapter-1-who-are-the-migrant-children-arriving-in-italy-alone",
      "title": "Alone on the Boats -  Chapter 1: WHO are the MIGRANT CHILDREN arriving in Italy ALONE?"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-10-05T07:43:00",
  "trx_id": "f148043d0a509fcbbbe67031a647c8a75ec8bc94",
  "trx_in_block": 5,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 16057812,
  "op": [
    "vote",
    {
      "author": "nanzo-scoop",
      "permlink": "inspirational-quotes-champions-are-bred-not-born",
      "voter": "perpetualroot",
      "weight": 10000
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-10-05T07:34:45",
  "trx_id": "8b5f8c6a4179e99d8855f85ac967f23672ca9480",
  "trx_in_block": 22,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 16050399,
  "op": [
    "vote",
    {
      "author": "perpetualroot",
      "permlink": "alone-on-the-boats-why-so-many-migrant-children-arrive-alone-to-the-italian-shores",
      "voter": "meowzinator",
      "weight": 10000
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-10-05T01:23:51",
  "trx_id": "7ee5b23bfd8a59e2ba4496fdbe2af9aa47c9b72f",
  "trx_in_block": 11,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 16050385,
  "op": [
    "comment",
    {
      "author": "meowzinator",
      "body": "I LOVE this! I am starting a collective consultancy group and would love to have you as a foundational resource and founding member. That is to say, IT IS STILL A STARTUP lol, some people get confused. I am looking for individuals who would like to be a part of a serious venture. A socio-economic movement that will not just change the blockchain industry forever it will truly change the world. That is the goal. If you're interested, check out some of my posts, for now, it is mostly being planned out and I am seeking out my co-founders who would like to make it our own. you can contact me at [email protected] or on steemit.chat @meowzinator. Welcome!",
      "json_metadata": "{\"tags\":[\"introduceyourself\"],\"users\":[\"meowzinator\"],\"app\":\"steemit/0.1\"}",
      "parent_author": "perpetualroot",
      "parent_permlink": "the-social-issues-page-steemits-were-waiting-for-to-foster-change-together-on-step-at-the-time",
      "permlink": "re-perpetualroot-the-social-issues-page-steemits-were-waiting-for-to-foster-change-together-on-step-at-the-time-20171005t012302007z",
      "title": ""
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-10-05T01:23:09",
  "trx_id": "137a5d7530f60f007289c0f7e176adcccb870f14",
  "trx_in_block": 13,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 16050288,
  "op": [
    "vote",
    {
      "author": "perpetualroot",
      "permlink": "the-social-issues-page-steemits-were-waiting-for-to-foster-change-together-on-step-at-the-time",
      "voter": "meowzinator",
      "weight": 10000
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-10-05T01:18:18",
  "trx_id": "196bf91df1a571a1c72c80d2dc9ef2a5dceb14f3",
  "trx_in_block": 4,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 16037072,
  "op": [
    "vote",
    {
      "author": "perpetualroot",
      "permlink": "alone-on-the-boats-why-so-many-migrant-children-arrive-alone-to-the-italian-shores",
      "voter": "bottrain",
      "weight": 500
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-10-04T14:17:30",
  "trx_id": "a0faba48fe5f8823350467313d883b88f042e645",
  "trx_in_block": 18,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 16037065,
  "op": [
    "comment",
    {
      "author": "perpetualroot",
      "body": "![cover 2.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmRFkKJ5nQ4auFnneLjBHfhZvQU5ofCh9nDFxQP9CbFL1j/cover%202.jpg)\n\nINTRODUCTION\n\nThis series of articles will focus on the thousands of unaccompanied minor immigrants arriving in Italy each year. A first look at the numbers will give us an idea of the vast proportions of the phenomenon. Later, we will try to understand who these young people are and which unbearable situations forced them to leave their homes to undertake a journey that killed more than 700 kids in 2016, only in its last part, the crossing of the Mediterranean sea. We will follow the young migrants along the steps of their journey towards a better future and we will witness the life and death choices they are forced to make and the terrible risks they faced. Finally, we will have a look at what Italy and Europe are doing to protect the minors. Is that sufficient? How can we grant safeguard and well-being, which are unalienable rights of childhood? Does the recently passed Law n° 47 with dispositions about unaccompanied minor immigrants fulfil the need for effective measures to deal with the phenomenon of child immigration?",
      "json_metadata": "{\"tags\":[\"life\",\"children\",\"migrant\",\"socialissues\",\"steemitsocial\"],\"image\":[\"https://steemitimages.com/DQmRFkKJ5nQ4auFnneLjBHfhZvQU5ofCh9nDFxQP9CbFL1j/cover%202.jpg\"],\"app\":\"steemit/0.1\",\"format\":\"markdown\"}",
      "parent_author": "",
      "parent_permlink": "life",
      "permlink": "alone-on-the-boats-why-so-many-migrant-children-arrive-alone-to-the-italian-shores",
      "title": "Alone on the boats - WHY so many migrant CHILDREN arrive ALONE to the Italian shores?"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-10-04T14:17:09",
  "trx_id": "5bb4e1e13737b1a589520f387dc4acfa8f331ba1",
  "trx_in_block": 0,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 16037046,
  "op": [
    "transfer",
    {
      "amount": "0.001 SBD",
      "from": "vlone99",
      "memo": "Here is a small tip for your stemmit start, ive followed you and upvoted your post, would be cind if you can follow me back best regard vlone :)",
      "to": "perpetualroot"
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-10-04T14:16:12",
  "trx_id": "7737fb2a874b3bd63353584effe9f3ccf431f0fc",
  "trx_in_block": 19,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 16036977,
  "op": [
    "vote",
    {
      "author": "kyriacos",
      "permlink": "a-new-kind-of-toxic",
      "voter": "perpetualroot",
      "weight": 10000
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-10-04T14:12:45",
  "trx_id": "c59cf4bc5ab20cd700dda43a38f010a7da05550a",
  "trx_in_block": 4,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 16036963,
  "op": [
    "vote",
    {
      "author": "rhondak",
      "permlink": "the-writers-block-workshops-for-steemit-authors",
      "voter": "perpetualroot",
      "weight": 10000
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-10-04T14:12:03",
  "trx_id": "3323e1273a5c5bb7393c2cb96c4e5dca9dc87c3d",
  "trx_in_block": 22,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 16036955,
  "op": [
    "vote",
    {
      "author": "lukewearechange",
      "permlink": "z68vtg34",
      "voter": "perpetualroot",
      "weight": 10000
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-10-04T14:11:39",
  "trx_id": "cd841c23efed8e2953e4bbcd2c9182e2ff979b14",
  "trx_in_block": 8,
  "virtual_op": 0
}

{
  "block": 16036947,
  "op": [
    "vote",
    {
      "author": "kingscrown",
      "permlink": "bitshares-current-trading-state-and-price",
      "voter": "perpetualroot",
      "weight": 10000
    }
  ],
  "op_in_trx": 0,
  "timestamp": "2017-10-04T14:11:15",
  "trx_id": "1bdf25de12c4b1df26ec8fdf2c050c8646c22735",
  "trx_in_block": 27,
  "virtual_op": 0
}